RU2226770C1 - Method for treating of grain before laying for storage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: preservation of newly harvested grain with the use of organic substances. SUBSTANCE: method involves creating grain flow in the form of falling rain; spraying propionic acid by means of nitrous oxide for creating of aerosol flow; providing contacting of grain with aerosol in countercurrent flow; before spraying of propionic acid, introducing therein preparation produced by sequential extracting of Pythium catenulatum micromycet biomass with the use of non-polar extractant in above-critical state, water, alkaline, water, acid, water, alkaline, and water, followed by joining of first extract with solid residue. EFFECT: reliable storage of grain owing to individual resistance to phytopathogenic microflora. 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the technology of conservation of freshly harvested grain using organic substances.

A known method of processing grain before laying it for storage, which provides for the creation of a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with nitrous oxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent flow (RU 2102871 C1, 01/27/1998).

The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of grain storage, especially during secondary contamination.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of grain storage.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of processing grain before storing, providing for the creation of a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with nitrous oxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, according to the invention, the drug is injected into the propionic acid before spraying obtained by sequential extraction of the biomass of micromycete Pythium catenulatum with a non-polar supercritical extractant, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water and then combining the first extract with the solid residue.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of Pythium catenulatum micromycete is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is isolated, which is used later in the preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. Thus obtained drug is introduced into propionic acid. The solution is sprayed with nitrous oxide, creating an aerosol stream. The introduction of propionic acid from the biomass of micromycete Pythium catenulatum in an amount of more than 0.2% by weight is not recommended due to a sharp increase in viscosity, which prevents spraying. The grain is cleaned of plant and mineral impurities, and then create a stream in the form of falling rain, which is sent to contact with the aerosol stream. In the process of contacting propionic acid destroys the surface microflora of the grain. Nitrous oxide displaces air from the space between grains and inhibits the development of acid-resistant aerobic forms of microflora.The composition of the biomass of micromycete Pythium catenulatum consists mainly of chitosan and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic. The listed substances in combination cause the induction of stable protective reactions of plants. The composition of the drug does not include substances that can inhibit this type of activity, and phytotoxic substances. This allows to increase the reliability of grain storage due to the induced resistance to phytopathogenic microflora, especially during secondary contamination.

Example 1

Before laying for storage, Skifyanka wheat grain is treated with a stream of propionic acid sprayed with nitrous oxide with an addition of 0.01% by weight of the preparation obtained from the biomass of Pythium catenulatum micromycete using carbon dioxide as a non-polar extractant, as an alkali, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, or without such an additive. After storage for 1 month, the grain is contaminated with Aspergillus niger spores. By the end of 6 months of storage, the grain of the reference batch is completely covered with mold mycelium; mold development was not detected in the experimental batch of grain.

Example 2

Spalchik rice grain is processed before storage for storage according to example 1, but using 0.2% of the preparation obtained from the biomass of micromycete Pythium catenulatum using hexane as a non-polar extractant, as an alkali, ammonium hydroxide and propionic acid. For contamination under the same conditions, the spores of the fungus Penicillium funiculosum are used. The result coincides with example 1.

Thus, the proposed method improves the reliability of grain storage.

Claims (1)

A method of treating grain before storing it, comprising creating a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with nitrous oxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, characterized in that a preparation obtained by sequential extraction is introduced into the propionic acid before spraying biomass of Pythium catenulatum non-polar supercritical extractant, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first ext solid residue act.