CN105669709B - 检测镉离子的含铜化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
检测镉离子的含铜化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及分析化学检测领域，特别涉及一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物及其制备方法和应用。一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物，化学式为(C16H6O8)(C18H24N6)2Cu2；所述化合物为三斜晶系，P‑1空间群，晶胞参数为a=17.364(4) Å，b=19.395(4) Å，c=23.633(3) Å，α=82.344(3) º，β=85.136(2) º，γ=71.352(3) º，V=7959.01(8) Å3。本发明合成的检测镉离子的含铜化合物易于制备，而且实验结果表明该化合物吸附镉离子后具有良好的发光效果，而且本发明的化合物敏感性高、检测值准确，使得该化合物做为传感器在分子荧光、镉离子识别领域有非常好的潜在的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分析化学检测领域，特别涉及一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
工业行业的快速发展导致重金属的污染问题日益严重，重金属污染主要由由采矿、废气排放、污水灌溉和使用重金属超标制品等人为因素所致。因人类活动导致环境中的重金属含量增加，超出正常范围，直接危害人体健康，并导致环境质量恶化。尤其是重金属镉和铅对人体健康及环境有很大的危害，能够有效检测重金属含量，并进行重金属处理，成为本领域技术人员的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述化合物的制备方法。
而本发明最后一个目的是提供上述化合物的应用。
一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物，化学式为(C16H6O8)(C18H24N6)2Cu2；其中，C16H6O8为2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸，C18H24N6为1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)，所述化合物为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=17.364(4) Å，b=19.395(4) Å，c=23.633(3) Å，α=82.344(3) º，β=85.136(2) º，γ=71.352(3) º，V=7959.01(8)Å3。
上述的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的制备方法为：将有机化合物2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸（英文为2,3,3',4'- biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid）、1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑) （英文为1,1',1''-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3,5-triyl)tris(2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole)）和硝酸铜溶于乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，其中乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为1:2，用氨水将其pH调节为8，在室温下搅拌形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下反应回流24小时得到混合液B，最后将所述混合液B在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物。
而且本发明方法采用先回流后溶剂热的方法，首先通过24小时的回流反应，能够形成更多的小晶核，使得之后的溶剂热过程能够得到我们所要的化合物。如果直接采用溶剂热的方法将无法使得该化合物结晶，将得不到本发明的化合物，得到的是一种无定型的化合物。
进一步的，所述2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和硝酸铜的摩尔比为1:2:2。
进一步的，所述的加热温度为120℃~140℃，加热反应时间为48~72小时。
进一步的，所述的降温为2℃/小时~5℃/小时降至室温。
一种所述的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的应用为所述化合物应用在选择性荧光探针或者化学传感器上。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明合成的检测镉离子的含铜化合物易于制备，而且实验结果表明该化合物吸附镉离子后具有良好的发光效果，而且本发明的化合物敏感性高、检测值准确，使得该化合物做为传感器在分子荧光、镉离子识别领域有非常好的潜在的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1、实施例4和实施例5叠加在一起的荧光发射光谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明，实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式，不是对本发明的限定。
实施例1
将0.1mmol2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、0.2mmol1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和0.2mmol硝酸铜溶于6mL乙腈和12mL二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，用氨水将其pH调节为8，在室温下搅拌溶解后形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下反应回流24小时得到混合液B，随后将混合液B转移到聚四氟乙烯高压反应釜中，将其放在140℃烘箱中反应48小时，之后以5℃/小时降至室温过滤得到所述化合物，产率为56.9% (基于铜)。
然后将所得的化合物进行单晶表征。
该化合物的X射线衍射数据是在Bruker Smart Apex CCD面探衍射仪上，用MoKα辐射(λ = 0.71073 Å)，以ω扫描方式收集并进行Lp因子校正，吸收校正使用SADABS程序。用直接法解结构，然后用差值傅立叶法求出全部非氢原子坐标，并用理论加氢法得到氢原子位置(C−H 1.083 Å)，用最小二乘法对结构进行修正。计算工作在PC机上用SHELXTL程序包完成。
经测试解析可知，该化合物的化学分子式为(C16H6O8)(C18H24N6)2Cu2；其中，C16H6O8为2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸，C18H24N6为1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)，所述化合物为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=17.364(4) Å，b=19.395(4) Å，c=23.633(3) Å，α=82.344(3) º，β=85.136(2) º，γ=71.352(3) º，V=7959.01(8)Å3，Z=8。
实施例2
将0.1mmol2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、0.2mmol1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和0.2mmol硝酸铜溶于6mL乙腈和12mL二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，用氨水将其pH调节为8，在室温下搅拌溶解后形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下反应回流24小时得到混合液B，随后将混合液B转移到聚四氟乙烯高压反应釜中，将其放在120℃烘箱中反应72小时，之后以2℃/小时降至室温过滤得到所述化合物，产率为42.7% (基于铜)。
实施例3
将0.1mmol2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、0.2mmol1,1',1''-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和0.2mmol硝酸铜溶于6mL乙腈和12mL二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，用氨水将其pH调节为8，在室温下搅拌溶解后形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下反应回流24小时得到混合液B，随后将混合液B转移到聚四氟乙烯高压反应釜中，将其放在130℃烘箱中反应60小时，之后以3℃/小时降至室温过滤得到所述化合物，产率为50.7% (基于铜)。
实施例4
将0.02mmol的硝酸镉溶解至25mL蒸馏水中，然后将实施例1中所得的化合物（0.01g）研磨成粉末后加入至上述含有硝酸镉的蒸馏水中，静置3min后将粉末离心分离干燥。
实施例5
将0.01mmol的硝酸镉溶解至25mL蒸馏水中，然后将实施例1中所得化合物（0.01g）研磨成粉末后加入至上述含有硝酸镉的蒸馏水中，静置3min后将粉末离心分离干燥。
将上述实施例1、实施例4和实施例5的粉末进行荧光光谱测试，激发波长为335nm。从图1的发射光谱中我们可以看出，实施例4的粉末在500nm处有非常明显的特征峰，实施例5的粉末在500nm处一样有明显的特征峰，但是没实施例4的特征峰强度大，而实施例1和4、5相比没有任何的发射特征峰，这是由于本发明的化合物吸附镉离子后两者能够产生相互作用，使得实施例4和5的粉末在500nm处增强发光效果。因此本发明的化合物能够检测镉离子。所以，也可以将本发明的化合物做成薄膜后作为镉离子的选择性荧光探针或者化学传感器。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制，但凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案，均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种检测镉离子的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：将有机化合物2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、1,1',1”-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和硝酸铜溶于乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，其中乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为1:2，用氨水将其pH调节为8，在室温下搅拌形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下反应回流24小时得到混合液B，最后将所述混合液B在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物；
该含铜化合物化学式为(C16H6O8)(C18H24N6)2Cu2；其中，C16H6O8为2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸根，C18H24N6为1,1',1”-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)，该含铜化合物为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为α＝82.344(3)°，β＝85.136(2)°，γ＝71.352(3)°，
2.根据权利要求1所述的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述2,3,3',4'-联苯基四羧酸、1,1',1”-(2,4,6-三甲基苯-1,3,5-三基)三(2,5-二氢-1H-咪唑)和硝酸铜的摩尔比为1:2:2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的加热温度为120℃～140℃，加热反应时间为48～72小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的降温为2℃/小时～5℃/小时降至室温。
5.一种权利要求1所述制备方法所得的检测镉离子的含铜化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述化合物应用在选择性荧光探针或者化学传感器上。
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