CN105666253A - Ultrasonic ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) compound plane grinding system and method for improving quality of oxidation film - Google Patents
Ultrasonic ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) compound plane grinding system and method for improving quality of oxidation film Download PDFInfo
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- CN105666253A CN105666253A CN201610128762.9A CN201610128762A CN105666253A CN 105666253 A CN105666253 A CN 105666253A CN 201610128762 A CN201610128762 A CN 201610128762A CN 105666253 A CN105666253 A CN 105666253A
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
- B24B41/047—Grinding heads for working on plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
- B24B41/068—Table-like supports for panels, sheets or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/10—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving electrical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
- B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) compound plane grinding system for improving the quality of an oxidation film. The ultrasonic ELID compound plane grinding system comprises a machine tool spindle system, a linear dressing device, a grinding wheel dressing device, a two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, an ultrasonic longitudinal and torsional compound vibration system arranged on a machine tool spindle, a gap adjustment device arranged at the tail end of the linear dressing device, and a systematic closed loop control system for controlling the state of the oxidation film in time, wherein chutes are formed in a small end of a longitudinal and torsional ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic longitudinal and torsional compound vibration system and are uniformly distributed along the circumference; an included angle between the chutes and a spindle axis is 45 degrees. A multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding technology and an ELID grinding technology are combined, the purpose of the ultrasonic ELID compound plane grinding system is to improve the quality of the oxidation film on the surface of a grinding wheel, an implement method adopted is to control an inter-electrode gap through real time close loop, the electrolytic dressing quality and the dressing efficiency are improved, the efficient and precise processing requirement is indirectly attained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-efficiency and precision processing technique field of hard brittle material, particularly relate to the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system and method that improve coating mass.
Background technology
At present, along with updating of progress and the development of the productivity of science and technology, material technology and sensor technology, ceramic material with the combination property of its excellence, becomes one of the most rising hard brittle material. But, owing to the associative key type of ceramic material is generally ionic bond or covalent bond, the bond energy of associative key is higher and has directivity, and owing to the crystal structure of engineering ceramic material is complicated, it is difficult at normal temperatures sliding, dislocation and plastic deformation, makes shaping post-treatment become technical barrier and study hotspot. Processing currently for nano complex phase ceramic material, ultrasonic vibration grinding technology and the application of on-line purification technology are relatively extensive, but are combined by both processing modes, and the research of common processing nano complex phase ceramic material is less.
Currently for the research of ultrasonic vibration grinding, being mostly confined to one-dimensional, two dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding, and One-Dimensional Ultrasonic vibration is concentrated mainly on and tool heads is applied axially or extensional vibration, two dimensional ultrasonic vibration is concentrated mainly on and workpiece is applied elliptical vibration. The multi-dimensional vibration form combined with Workpiece vibration by tool vibration is very few.
In the grinding that on-line purification participates in, the state of the oxide-film on metal bonded wheel surface is extremely important, directly affects the surface quality of surface to be machined, if oxide-film generating rate is excessively slow, oxide-film quality is thicker and consolidation, and during dynamic grinding, blunt stone granule can not depart from from metallic matrix in time, and single grain grinding power can be caused to increase, thus causing hot-spot, surface to be machined is caused hot injury. If oxide-film generating rate is too fast, oxide-film quality is thicker and soft, the hold of abrasive particle is weakened by oxide-film, it is easier to during dynamic grinding peel off from emery wheel under grinding force effect, bigger pit and crackle is caused to wheel face, cause the change of grinding force, grinding process is unstable, reduce the surface quality of surface to be machined, the abrasive particle and the oxide-film that peel off can enter grinding area with grinding fluid, cause the pollution of surface to be machined, therefore it is significant to composite grinding processing reasonably to control oxide-film state.
In the certain limit of pole clearance, the adjustment of (0.5mm-1.5mm) is more significant on the change impact of oxide-film state, therefore controls pole clearance size as a kind of efficient control strategy controlling oxide-film state.
Multi-sensor information fusion refers to collaborative use multiple sensors and various heat transfer agents is effectively combined as a whole, and forms high-performance sensory perceptual system and obtains the process that the concordance to environment describes. Any sensor has its superiority and limitation. But by gathering the signal of various sensor passes, it is achieved state recognition, judgement and control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system and method that improve coating mass, it is possible to had complementary advantages with ELID grinding by ultrasonic vibration grinding, it is achieved efficient, the mirror finish of hard brittle material.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Improve the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system of coating mass, including the machine-tool spindle system (1) being arranged on platen (10), be arranged on machine tool chief axis (1-1) both sides for realizing the restoring on line device (4) of on-line purification emery wheel, for ensureing the wheel truing device (9) of wheel face form accuracy and for realizing the two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3) of workpiece to be machined elliptical vibration; Also include the ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (3) being arranged on machine tool chief axis (1-1) and the lash adjusting device (5) of online trimming device (4) end is set and for controlling the system closed-loop control system (6) of oxide-film state in real time; Ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (2) includes extensional vibration single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter (1-7), longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) and Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9), described longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer small end is provided with skewed slot (1-10), and skewed slot (1-10) is circumferentially uniformly distributed, skewed slot and main-shaft axis angle are 45 °;
Described machine-tool spindle system (1) includes the tool heads fixed mount (1-4) being set in outside machine tool chief axis (1-1) lower end, the bottom of machine tool chief axis (1-1) is coaxially connected with handle of a knife (1-2), and handle of a knife (1-2) lower end is connected with tool heads fixed mount (1-4);
Tool heads fixed mount (1-4) excircle is arranged with the upper inductive disks (1-5) and lower inductive disks (1-6) that are connected by trip bolt, upper inductive disks (1-5) is connected with channel ultrasonic wave producer (8) by both positive and negative polarity wire, upper inductive disks (1-5) excircle is provided with the upper inductive disks bracing frame (1-3) that trip bolt connects, and upper inductive disks support (1-3) is connected with restoring on line device (4) by trip bolt;
Extensional vibration single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter (1-7), longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) and Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9) it is disposed with under lower inductive disks (1-6); Described extensional vibration single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter (1-7) and longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) are connected by studs and are vertically connected with, the longitrorse threaded Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel in supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) lower end (1-9);
Described two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3) includes fixed supported slab (2-1), fixed supported slab (2-1) is provided with right angle support board (2-5), two ends of right angle support board (2-5) are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) respectively, one amplitude transformer retainer (2-3), a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4);Amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab (2-1) by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) by ring flange and screw, right angle support board (2-5) is connected so that studs is coaxial with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7), and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is connected by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4);
Described lash adjusting device (5) includes the high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) and the sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) that are fixedly installed on cathode branch support (4-4) end insulation plate (4-5) both sides by trip bolt level, high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) is remotely from the side of Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9), and sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) is disposed close to Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9) side; The upper slip of sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) is provided with plastic cement slide unit (5-3), described plastic cement slide unit (5-3) is fixedly installed nut (5-6), the output shaft of high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) is fixedly installed the ball-screw (5-7) being slidably matched with nut (5-6), and laser displacement sensor is arranged in the hole that machining center main shaft (1-1) centerline is just being arranged by copper electrode (5-4) geometric center and position;
Described plastic cement slide unit (5-3) end is by trip bolt fixing plastic cement half set (5-5) and copper electrode (5-4), ensure the depth of parallelism of copper electrode (5-4) bus and Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9) axis, the described cylinder that copper electrode (5-4) geometry is 1/3rd ring sections. Machining center main shaft (1-1) centerline is just provided with hole by described copper electrode (5-4) geometric center and position, and hole is used for placing laser displacement sensor and visual sensor;
Described closed-loop control system (6) includes being respectively used to collect in dynamic grinding process electric current and the Hall current sensor of voltage real-time change value, Hall voltage sensor in loop, for measuring the Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer (12) of three-dimensional grinding force real-time change in dynamic grinding process, for measuring the laser displacement sensor of Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9) and copper electrode (5-4) spacing, for gathering the visual sensor of the real-time shape characteristic in oxide-film surface "; A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, based on fuzzy controller and the D/A digital-to-analogue converter of PLC; Described Hall current sensor, Hall voltage sensor, Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer (12), the outfan of laser displacement sensor and visual sensor is connected with the fuzzy controller input based on PLC by A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, and the outfan of the described fuzzy controller based on PLC connects the control input of high-resolution composite stepper motor by D/A digital-to-analogue converter.
Described restoring on line device (4) includes the fixing sleeve (4-2) with pin connection and supporting axle (4-3), fixing sleeve (4-2) top connects fixed rustless steel elbow bend (4-1), anode is fixed plate (4-6) one end and is arranged female insulating blanked clamper (4-7) plate by two and be fixed in supporting axle (4-3), anode is fixed plate (4-6) other end and is provided with the anode carbon brush (4-8) being connected with ELID Special pulse power supply (7) positive pole, when carrying out restoring on line, anode carbon brush (4-8) crimps with the electric conductor on machine tool chief axis (1-1), make Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9) positively charged,Supporting axle (4-3) end is by the threaded cathode branch bolster (4-4) of movable cutting ferrule.
The right angle at described right angle support board (2-5) is designed as fillet, and the plane of gluing processed potsherd (2-6) has been milled out ladder platform (2-8).
Improve the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method of coating mass, comprise the following steps that
A: the initial value first arranging pole clearance value is N;
Then be utilized respectively three-dimensional grinding force changing value that Kistler dynamometer (12) records, loop current voltage change that Hall current voltage sensor records, visual sensor record the oxide-film face crack average length generated and deliver to the fuzzy controller based on PLC as input quantity through A/D analog-digital converter with numbers of hole and initial pole clearance value N;
B: digital signal is imported the fuzzy controller based on PLC, sequentially passing through Fuzzy processing, Fuzzy inferential decision, de-fuzzy process, then, it is judged that whether reach oxide-film film-formation result, if arriving film forming standard, then proceeding grinding this moment; Finishing control adjusts;
If not up to film forming standard, then the theoretical value N1, the N1-N that obtain pole clearance can obtain pole clearance adjustment amount △ N;
C: pole clearance adjustment amount △ N will be obtained and be sent to composite stepper motor, pole clearance is finely tuned by composite stepper motor as actuator;
After adjustment, laser displacement sensor the emery wheel recorded and copper electrode spacing pole clearance value N2, and the fuzzy controller of PLC is fed back to by digital to analog converter;
The fuzzy controller of D:PLC combines the emery wheel received with copper electrode spacing pole clearance value N2 as new initial value, repeating step A-B, until reaching film forming standard, proceeding grinding; Thus completing closed loop control, namely realize the target monitored in real time and be effectively improved of coating mass.
Described machining center major axes orientation is provided with ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (2), and namely the method by increasing uniform skewed slot (1-10) vertically on annulus vibration-sensing rod realizes indulging-turn round complex vibration vibration and is implemented on Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9).
Workbench direction is provided with two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3), and vibration is implemented on workpiece nano heterogeneous ceramic sheet (2-6).
Described two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3) includes fixed supported slab (2-1), fixed supported slab (2-1) is provided with right angle support board (2-5), two ends of right angle support board (2-5) are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4) respectively, also include an amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) and a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7); Amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab (2-1) by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) by ring flange and screw, right angle support board (2-5) is connected so that studs is coaxial with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7), and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is connected by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4).
The described longitrorse supersonic vibration ELID compound pre-dressing stage, ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system and restoring on line device work simultaneously, compared with the pre-dressing of traditional E LID, combined electrolysis pre-dressing medium cast iron anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel (1-9) constantly does longitudinal direction and twisting vibration, improve electrolysis mass-transfer efficiency, wheel face ion concentration significantly improves, thus oxide-film is more evenly distributed, densification, vibrates the ELID composite plane dynamic grinding stage for next step multi-dimensional ultrasound ready.
High-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) is fixed on vertical insulation board (4-5) by screw, and its shaft parallel is in workbench, as the screw rod of ball-screw (5-7); Sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) is fixed on vertical insulation board (4-5), is parallel to workbench (10), and its centrage overlaps with hybrid stepping electricity (5-1) centrage of high-resolution; The nut (5-6) of ball-screw (5-7) is fixed on plastic cement slide unit, and slide unit end fixed copper electrode (5-4) is the cylinder of 1/3rd ring sections.
The present invention installs additional on vertical machining centre main shaftUltrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system, supersonic vibration wireless transmitting system ultrasonic energy is reached longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer, wherein longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer one end offers skewed slot, it is achieved Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel longitudinally vibrates with reversing simultaneously. Further, existMachining centerWorkbench is provided with two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, it is achieved workpiece two-dimensional elliptic track vibrates. Further pass throughRestoring on line deviceCathode center inbuilt displacement sensor and visual sensor, be used for monitoring emery wheel and cathode spacing from, and oxide-film surface topography in on-line grinding process. Kistler dynamometer installed by workbench, for measuring three-dimensional grinding force value in composite grinding process, Hall element is used for measuring current/voltage value in composite grinding process loop, by capture card, force signal, the signal of telecommunication are input to based in the fuzzy controller of PLC, reasoning computing through fuzzy controller, obtain pole clearance adjustment amount, high-resolution composite stepper motor fine setting pole clearance, by laser displacement sensor, adjustment post gap value is fed back to the fuzzy controller of PLC, it is achieved real-time online closed loop control. Multi-dimensional ultrasound vibration grinding technology is combined by the present invention with ELID grinding technique, to improve wheel face coating mass for target, control pole clearance for implementation with real-time closed-loop, improve electrolysis quality and dressing efficiency, indirectly reach the processing request of high-efficiency and precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system;
Fig. 3 isTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration systemStructural representation;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of restoring on line device;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of lash adjusting device;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of wheel truing device;
Fig. 7 is system closed loop control schematic flow sheet.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system of coating mass is improved, including being arranged onPlaten 10On machine-tool spindle system 1, be arranged on machine tool chief axis 1-1 both sides for realizing the restoring on line device 4 of on-line purification emery wheel, for ensureing the wheel truing device of wheel face form accuracy9With the two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system for realizing workpiece to be machined elliptical vibration3; It is characterized in that: also include the ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system being arranged on machine tool chief axis 1-12With the lash adjusting device 5 of online trimming device 4 end is set and for controlling the system closed-loop control system 6 of oxide-film state in real time; Ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system2IncludingLongitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 1-7, longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer1-8And Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel1-9, wherein longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer small end circumference uniform distribution skewed slot1-10,Skewed slot and main-shaft axis angle are 45 °.When compressional wave impinges perpendicularly on after in round steel, as propagated to the hollow cylinder vibration-sensing rod part having skewed slot, due to skewed slot1-10Existence, cause that ultrasonic propagation process medium changes, therefore ultrasonic longitudinal wave can at skewed slot1-10There is shape transformation in position, at skewed slot1-10Position produces reflected P-wave, reflection wave and refracted longitudinal wave.Propagate in atmosphere because of compressional wave and bigger energy loss occurs, when compressional wave oblique incidence skewed slot, can only consider the impact of reflected P-wave and reflection wave, and ignore birefringence.The axis of reflection wave and bar is angled, can bar axially with radially decomposite two components, shear wave component diametrically can make vibration-sensing rod realize twisting vibration, compressional wave and shear wave to make bar do extensional vibration at axial component. Skewed slot simultaneously1-10Between width long also much smaller than ultrasonic compressional wave-wave, so reflected P-wave and reflection wave are at skewed slot1-10Between produce superposition, complex wave after superposition is propagated to matching tool head end and is produced Hybrid transducer vibration, thus realizing Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel1-9Hybrid transducer vibration.
Machine-tool spindle system 1 includes being set in outside machine tool chief axis 1-1 lower endUpper inductive disks support 1-3, the bottom of machine tool chief axis 1-1 be coaxially connected with handle of a knife 1-2, handle of a knife 1-2 lower end withTool heads fixed mount 1-4Connect;
Tool heads fixed mount 1-4 excircle is arranged with the upper inductive disks 1-5 and lower inductive disks 1-6 that are connected by trip bolt, upper inductive disks 1-5 is connected with channel ultrasonic wave producer 8 by both positive and negative polarity wire, upper inductive disks 1-5 excircle is provided with the upper inductive disks bracing frame 1-3, upper inductive disks support 1-3 of trip bolt connection and is connected with restoring on line device 4 by trip bolt;
It is disposed with extensional vibration ultrasonic under lower inductive disks 1-6VibrationTransducer 1-7, longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer 1-8 and Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9; Described extensional vibration is ultrasonicVibrationTransducer 1-7 and longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer 1-8 passes through studsIt is vertically connected with, the longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer 1-8 threaded Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9 in lower end.
Described two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system3Including fixed supported slab 2-1, fixed supported slab 2-1 is provided with right angle support board 2-5,Support board 2-5 two ends in right angle are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 respectively, an amplitude transformer retainer 2-3, a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4;Amplitude transformer retainer 2-3 is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab 2-1 by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer 2-3 by ring flange and screw, right angle support board 2-5 is connected so that studs 2-2 is coaxial with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7, and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is connected again by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4; The right angle of described right angle support board 2-5 is designed as fillet, and by gluingProcessed potsherd 2-6Plane mill out ladder platform 2-8, it is therefore intended that keep processed potsherd2-6 machined surfaceKeep vertical with right angle support board 2-5 geometric center lines, and avoid in big cutting-in situationCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Destroy right angle support board.
As it is shown in figure 5, described lash adjusting device 5 includes being fixedly installed on cathode branch support by insulation board level4-4End insulation plate4-5The high-resolution composite stepper motor of both sides5-1With sliding friction rectangular guideway5-2, high-resolution composite stepper motor5-1It is remotely fromCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Side, sliding friction rectangular guideway5-2It is disposed close toCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Side;On sliding friction rectangular guideway5-2Slip is provided with plastic cement slide unit5-3, described plastic cement slide unit 5-3 is fixedly installed nut5-6, high-resolution composite stepper motor5-1Output shaft be fixedly installed and the nut 5-6 ball-screw being slidably matched5-7, laser displacement sensor is positioned at copper electrode5-4Geometric center and position are just to machining center main shaft1-1In the hole that centerline is arranged;
Described plastic cement slide unit5-3End is by trip bolt fixing plastic cement half set5-5And copper electrode5-4, it is ensured that copper electrode5-4Bus withCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9The depth of parallelism of axis, described copper electrode5-4Being geometry isThe cylinder of 1/3rd ring sections. Described copper electrode5-4Geometric center position is just to machining center spindle centerline place and be provided with hole, and hole is used for placing laser displacement sensor and visual sensor;
As shown in Figure 6, described wheel truing device9Including base3-1, waterproof machine3-2, discharge copper wheel3-3, frequency conversion speed regulation box11; Base3-1 passes through trip bolt 3-4It is fixed on workbench10On, waterproof machine3-2It is fixed on base3-1On, discharge copper wheel3-3It is installed on waterproof machine3-2Power output shaft3-5On, ELID Special pulse power supply7Pass through frequency conversion speed regulation box11Connect waterproof machine3-2,And then electric discharge copper wheel can be realized3-3Speed in 0-2800rpm (rated speed) stepless change.
Described restoring on line device 4 includes fixing sleeve 4-2 and the supporting axle 4-3 connected with pin, and fixing sleeve 4-2 top connects fixed rustless steel elbow bend 4-1, it is possible to willRestoring on line device 4It is fixed on upper inductive disks 1-3 bracing frame by trip bolt, and ensures fixing sleeve 4-2 and supporting axle 4-3 perpendicularity. Anode fixes plate4-6 material is the bakelite plate of insulation,Anode fixes plate4-6One end arranges female cleat insulator by two4-7It is fixed on 4-3 on supporting axle, it is possible to adjust the fixing plate of anode flexibly4-6Vertically and horizontal range, and ensure anode carbon brush4-8Insulating properties.
Anode fixes plate4-6The other end is provided with the anode carbon brush being connected with ELID Special pulse power supply 7 positive pole4-8, when carrying out restoring on line, anode carbon brush4-8With machine tool chief axis1-1On electric conductor crimping, makeCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Positively charged; Supporting axle4-3End is by the threaded cathode branch bolster of movable cutting ferrule4-4, it is possible to adjust flexiblyInsulation board 4-5The position of vertical direction, cathode branch bolster4-4Insulation board is connected by trip bolt4-5And guarantee insulation board4-5Perpendicularity, insulation board4-5For fixed interval (FI) adjusting apparatus5。
Described closed-loop control system 6 includes being respectively used to collect in dynamic grinding process electric current and the Hall current sensor of voltage real-time change value, Hall voltage sensor in loop, in described dynamic grinding process, in loop, namely electric current and voltage real-time change value characterize oxide thickness and compactness.
For measuring three-dimensional grinding force real-time change in dynamic grinding processKislter three-dimensional dynamometer 12, described Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer12It is fixedly mounted on two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system3Fixed supported slab 2-1 below, its signal recorded is sent to data collecting card by charge amplifier, then is sent to the fuzzy controller based on PLC by data collecting card, namely can characterize oxidation film strength size. Described data collecting card can be integrated, it is also possible to for hardware entities, can characterize oxidation film strength size.
For measuringCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9With copper electrode5-4The laser displacement sensor of spacing, for gathering the visual sensor of the real-time shape characteristic in oxide-film surface, A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, based on fuzzy controller and the D/A digital-to-analogue converter of PLC;Described Hall current sensor, Hall voltage sensor, Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer 12, the outfan of laser displacement sensor and visual sensor is connected with the fuzzy controller input based on PLC by A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, and the outfan of the described fuzzy controller based on PLC connects the control input of high-resolution composite stepper motor by D/A digital-to-analogue converter.
By A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, displacement signal, picture signal, current signal, voltage signal and force signal are converted digital signal. Digital signal is imported the fuzzy controller based on PLC, sequentially pass through Fuzzy processing, Fuzzy inferential decision, de-fuzzy processes, finally by D/A digital-to-analogue converter, digital signal is converted into displacement signal and exports actuator, control the high-resolution composite stepper motor that actuator is namely described5-1, it is achieved pole clearance regulates and controls. After described regulation and control, pole clearance distance and all the other signals under real-time status are fed back to the fuzzy controller of PLC together as new input quantity by displacement transducer, thus realizing real-time online closed loop control.
Based on the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass, comprise the following steps that
A: the initial value first arranging pole clearance value is N;
Then Kistler dynamometer it is utilized respectively12Loop current voltage change, visual sensor that the three-dimensional grinding force changing value that records, Hall current voltage sensor record record the oxide-film face crack average length generated and deliver to fuzzy controller based on PLC as input quantity through A/D analog-digital converter with numbers of hole and initial pole clearance value N
B: digital signal is imported the fuzzy controller based on PLC, sequentially passing through Fuzzy processing, Fuzzy inferential decision, de-fuzzy process, then, it is judged that whether reach oxide-film film-formation result, if arriving film forming standard, then proceeding grinding this moment; Finishing control adjusts;
If not up to film forming standard, then the theoretical value N1, the N1-N that obtain pole clearance can obtain pole clearance adjustment amount △ N;
C: pole clearance adjustment amount △ N will be obtained and be sent to composite stepper motor, pole clearance is finely tuned by composite stepper motor as actuator,
After adjustment, laser displacement sensor recordCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9With copper electrode5-4Pole clearance value N2, and the fuzzy controller of PLC is fed back to by digital to analog converter;
The fuzzy controller combination of D:PLC receivesCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9With copper electrode5-4Pole clearance value N2, as new initial value, repeating step A-B, until reaching film forming standard, proceeding grinding; Thus completing closed loop control, namely realize the target monitored in real time and be effectively improved of coating mass.
Described machining center main shaft1-1Direction is provided withUltrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system 2, namely by increasing uniform skewed slot vertically on annulus vibration-sensing rod1-10Method comeRealize vertical-torsion complex vibration to implementInCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9, wherein,Skewed slot 1-10 and main-shaft axis angle are 45 °。
Workbench direction is provided withTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration system 3, vibration is implemented onProcessed potsherd 2-6。
DescribedTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration system 3Including fixed supported slab 2-1, fixed supported slab 2-1 is provided with right angle support board 2-5,Support board 2-5 two ends in right angle are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 respectively, an amplitude transformer retainer 2-3, a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4;Amplitude transformer retainer2-3Being perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab 2-1 by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer by ring flange and screw2-3On, right angle support board 2-5 and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is with studs2-2Coaxial connection, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is connected by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4.
The described longitrorse supersonic vibration ELID compound pre-dressing stage, ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system2With restoring on line device4Work, compared with the pre-dressing of traditional E LID, in the pre-dressing of combined electrolysis simultaneouslyCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Constantly doing longitudinal direction and twisting vibration, improve electrolysis mass-transfer efficiency, wheel face ion concentration significantly improves, thus oxide-film is more evenly distributed, densification, vibrates the ELID composite plane dynamic grinding stage for next step multi-dimensional ultrasound ready.
High-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1It is fixed on by screwVertical insulation board 4-5On, its shaft parallel inPlaten 10, asBall-screw 5-7Screw rod. Sliding friction rectangular guideway5-2It is fixed onVertical insulation board 4-5On, it is parallel toPlaten 10, its centrage withHigh-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1Centrage overlaps. Ball-screw5-7Nut5-6It is fixed on plastic cement slide unit5-3On,Plastic cement slide unit 5-3End fixed copper electrode5-4, forThe cylinder of 1/3rd ring sections.
The present invention include as it is shown in figure 1, the present invention based on the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system improving coating mass, includingMachine-tool spindle system 1, platen10, channel ultrasonic wave producer 8, ELID Special pulse power supply 7 and frequency conversion speed regulation box 11.Machine-tool spindle system 1It is provided with ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system 2.
Platen10It is provided with two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system 3,Wheel truing device 9, restoring on line device 4 and closed-loop control system 6. When emery wheel needs shaping,Ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system 2Can be withMachine tool chief axis 1-1Move extremelyWheel truing device 9Place, when emery wheel needs the multi-dimensional ultrasound vibration dynamic grinding of ELID composite plane,Ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system 2Can be withMachine tool chief axis 1-1Move extremelyTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration system 3 place.
Described two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system3Including fixed supported slab 2-1, two amplitude transformer retainer 2-3, two longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4, right angle support board 2-5, processed potsherd 2-6 and two longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7. Wherein, right angle support board 2-5 and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is with studs2-2Coaxial connection, amplitude transformer retainer 2-3 is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab 2-1 by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7 is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer 2-3 by ring flange and screw, and processed potsherd 2-6 is adhesive on right angle support board 2-5, ultrasonic electric signal warpLongitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer 2-4It is changed into the mechanical vibration of axial stretching, is amplified to required amplitude through longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer 2-7, finally by right angle support board 2-5, vibration passed to processed potsherd 2-6. Right angle support board 2-5 right angle is designed as fillet, and the plane of gluing processed potsherd 2-6 is milled out ladder platform2-8, it is therefore intended that keepProcessed potsherd 2-6Machined surface withRight angle support board 2-5Geometric center lines keeps vertical, and avoids in big cutting-in situationCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9DestroyRight angle support board 2-5.Merit attention and be: in the actual course of processing,Processed potsherd 2-6Machined surface withCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Periphery keeps tangent.
As shown in Figure 4, described restoring on line device 4 is by trip bolt and ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system2In upper inductive disks bracing frame1-3Be connected, it is therefore intended that ensure sleeve and supporting axle perpendicularity, keep online trimming device 4 withCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Keep geo-stationary, it is achieved electrolytic in-process dressing. Line trimming device 4 includes fixed rustless steel elbow bend4-1, the fixing sleeve 4-2 that pin connects and supporting axle 4-3, can pass through pin and regulate supporting axle 4-3 highly. Anode fixes plate4-6 one end arranges female cleat insulator by two4-7Being fixed on supporting axle 4-3, the other end is provided with and is connected with pulse power electricity positive poleAnode carbon brush 4-8, when carrying out restoring on line, anode carbon brush 4-8 crimps with the electric conductor on machine tool chief axis 1-1, makes grinding wheel belt positive electricity. Supporting axle 4-3 end is by the threaded cathode branch bolster 4-4 of movable cutting ferrule, it is therefore intended that adjust negative electrode flexibly vertical, and cathode branch bolster 4-4 connects insulation board 4-5 by trip bolt and ensures insulation board 4-5 perpendicularity, insulation board 4-5 fixed interval (FI) adjusting apparatus.
As it is shown in figure 5, described lash adjusting device includes high-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1, sliding friction rectangular guideway 5-2, ball-screw 5-7, plastic cement slide unit 5-3, copper electrode 5-4, plastic cement partly overlaps 5-5, laser displacement sensor. Described high-resolution hybrid stepping electricity 5-1 and sliding friction rectangular guideway 5-2 is separately fixed at the insulation board 4-5 both sides of cathode branch bolster 4-4 end, and it is close that sliding friction rectangular guideway 5-2 is positioned over insulation board 4-5Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Side, high-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1 be positioned over insulation board 4-5 away fromCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Side. Sliding friction rectangular guideway 5-2 trend is level, the rotating shaft of high-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1 is as the screw rod of ball-screw 5-7, being fixed with the nut 5-6 of ball-screw 5-7, high-resolution composite stepper motor 5-1 on plastic cement slide unit 5-3 can drive plastic cement slide unit 5-3 along sliding friction rectangular guideway 5-2 parallel sliding after receiving signal. Plastic cement slide unit 5-3 end by the fixing plastic cement of trip bolt half set 5-5 and copper electrode 5-4, with ensure copper electrode 5-4 bus withCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9The depth of parallelism of axis, copper electrode 5-4 geometry isThe cylinder of 1/3rd ring sections。
The present invention ELID Special pulse power supply 7 positive pole by fixed brush withCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Being connected, ELID Special pulse power supply 7 negative pole connects copper electrode 5-4, when carrying out the pre-dressing of longitrorse supersonic vibration ELID compound, opens Hybrid transducer vibrational system 1 passage of channel ultrasonic wave producer 8, ELID Special pulse power supply 7 and grinding fluid switch.
When carrying out the multi-dimensional ultrasound vibration dynamic grinding of ELID compound, open 8 three passages of channel ultrasonic wave producer, ELID Special pulse power supply 7 and grinding fluid switch. ELID Special pulse power supply 7 positive pole connectsCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9, negative pole meets copper electrode 5-4, logical grinding fluid, forms current loop. According to electrochemical principle,Cast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Outer layer metal bonding agent, is made by electrolysis as anodeCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9In abrasive particle exposing surface, form certain height of grain and chip space.Meanwhile, existCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Surface gradually forms layer oxide film, stops proceeding of electrolytic process, makesCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Will not too fast loss.
WhenCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9After the abrasive wear on surface, oxide-film is removed by workpiece material scraping, and electrolysis proceeds, can be rightCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Surface is repaired further, and oxide-film vibrates in the ELID compound dynamic grinding stage in dynamically change at multi-dimensional ultrasound. When carrying out multi-dimensional ultrasound vibration power failure tarry matter, open 8 three passages of channel ultrasonic wave producer, utilizeCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel 1-9Processed potsherd 2-6 is polished by the polishing performance of surface film oxide, improves the surface quality of processed potsherd 2-6.
Above example is only in order to illustrative not limiting technical scheme, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that and still the present invention can be modified or equivalent replacement, without deviating from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. improve the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system of coating mass, including the machine-tool spindle system (1) being arranged on platen (10), be arranged on machine tool chief axis (1-1) both sides for realizing the restoring on line device (4) of on-line purification emery wheel, for ensureing the wheel truing device (9) of wheel face form accuracy and for realizing the two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3) of workpiece to be machined elliptical vibration; It is characterized in that: also include the ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (3) being arranged on machine tool chief axis (1-1) and the lash adjusting device (5) of online trimming device (4) end is set and for controlling the system closed-loop control system (6) of oxide-film state in real time; It is ultrasonic that ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (2) includes extensional vibrationVibrationTransducer (1-7), longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) and cast iron bonding agentDiamondEmery wheel (1-9), described longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer small end is provided with skewed slot (1-10), and skewed slot (1-10) is circumferentially uniformly distributed,Skewed slot and main-shaft axis angle are 45 °;
Described machine-tool spindle system (1) includes the tool heads fixed mount (1-4) being set in outside machine tool chief axis (1-1) lower end, and the bottom of machine tool chief axis (1-1) is coaxially connected with handle of a knife (1-2), handle of a knife (1-2) lower end withTool heads fixed mount (1-4)Connect;
Tool heads fixed mount (1-4) excircle is arranged with the upper inductive disks (1-5) and lower inductive disks (1-6) that are connected by trip bolt, upper inductive disks (1-5) is connected with channel ultrasonic wave producer (8) by both positive and negative polarity wire, upper inductive disks (1-5) excircle is provided with the upper inductive disks bracing frame (1-3) that trip bolt connects, and upper inductive disks support (1-3) is connected with restoring on line device (4) by trip bolt;
It is disposed with extensional vibration ultrasonic under lower inductive disks (1-6)VibrationTransducer (1-7), longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) and cast iron bonding agentDiamondEmery wheel (1-9); Described extensional vibration is ultrasonicVibrationTransducer (1-7) and longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) are connected by studs and are vertically connected with, the threaded cast iron bonding agent in longitrorse supersonic vibration amplitude transformer (1-8) lower endDiamondEmery wheel (1-9);
Described two dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3) includes fixed supported slab (2-1), and fixed supported slab (2-1) is provided with right angle support board (2-5),Two ends of right angle support board (2-5) are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) respectively, an amplitude transformer retainer (2-3), a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4);Amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab (2-1) by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) by ring flange and screw, right angle support board (2-5) is connected so that studs is coaxial with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7), and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is connected by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4);
Described lash adjusting device (5) includes passing throughTrip boltLevel is fixedly installed on high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) and the sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) of cathode branch support (4-4) end insulation plate (4-5) both sides, and high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) is remotely fromCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)Side, sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) is disposed close toCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)Side; The upper slip of sliding friction rectangular guideway (5-2) is provided with plastic cement slide unit (5-3), described plastic cement slide unit (5-3) is fixedly installed nut (5-6), the output shaft of high-resolution composite stepper motor (5-1) is fixedly installed the ball-screw (5-7) being slidably matched with nut (5-6), and laser displacement sensor is arranged in the hole that machining center main shaft (1-1) centerline is just being arranged by copper electrode (5-4) geometric center and position;
Described plastic cement slide unit (5-3) end is by the fixing plastic cement of trip bolt half set (5-5) and copper electrode (5-4), it is ensured that copper electrode (5-4) bus andCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)The depth of parallelism of axis, the described cylinder that copper electrode (5-4) geometry is 1/3rd ring sections;
Machining center main shaft (1-1) centerline is just provided with hole by described copper electrode (5-4) geometric center and position, and hole is used for placing laser displacement sensor and visual sensor;
Described closed-loop control system (6) includes being respectively used to collect in dynamic grinding process electric current and the Hall current sensor of voltage real-time change value, Hall voltage sensor in loop, for measuring the Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer (12) of three-dimensional grinding force real-time change in dynamic grinding process, it is used for measuringCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)With the laser displacement sensor of copper electrode (5-4) spacing, for gathering the visual sensor of the real-time shape characteristic in oxide-film surface ", A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, based on fuzzy controller and the D/A digital-to-analogue converter of PLC; Described Hall current sensor, Hall voltage sensor, Kislter three-dimensional dynamometer (12), the outfan of laser displacement sensor and visual sensor is connected with the fuzzy controller input based on PLC by A/D analog-to-digital conversion device, and the outfan of the described fuzzy controller based on PLC connects the control input of high-resolution composite stepper motor by D/A digital-to-analogue converter.
2. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system improving coating mass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described restoring on line device (4) includes the fixing sleeve (4-2) with pin connection and supporting axle (4-3), fixing sleeve (4-2) top connects fixed rustless steel elbow bend (4-1), anode is fixed plate (4-6) one end and is arranged female insulating blanked clamper (4-7) plate by two and be fixed in supporting axle (4-3), anode is fixed plate (4-6) other end and is provided with the anode carbon brush (4-8) being connected with ELID Special pulse power supply (7) positive pole, when carrying out restoring on line, anode carbon brush (4-8) crimps with the electric conductor on machine tool chief axis (1-1), makeCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)Positively charged;Supporting axle (4-3) end is by the threaded cathode branch bolster (4-4) of movable cutting ferrule.
3. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding system improving coating mass according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the right angle at described right angle support board (2-5) is designed as fillet, and the plane of gluing processed potsherd (2-6) has been milled out ladder platform (2-8).
4. improve the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method of coating mass, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that
A: the initial value first arranging pole clearance value is N;
Then Kistler dynamometer it is utilized respectively(12)Loop current voltage change, visual sensor that the three-dimensional grinding force changing value that records, Hall current voltage sensor record record the oxide-film face crack average length generated and deliver to fuzzy controller based on PLC as input quantity through A/D analog-digital converter with numbers of hole and initial pole clearance value N;
B: digital signal is imported the fuzzy controller based on PLC, sequentially passing through Fuzzy processing, Fuzzy inferential decision, de-fuzzy process, then, it is judged that whether reach oxide-film film-formation result, if arriving film forming standard, then proceeding grinding this moment; Finishing control adjusts;
If not up to film forming standard, then the theoretical value N1, the N1-N that obtain pole clearance can obtain pole clearance adjustment amount △ N;
C: pole clearance adjustment amount △ N will be obtained and be sent to composite stepper motor, pole clearance is finely tuned by composite stepper motor as actuator;
After adjustment, laser displacement sensor the emery wheel recorded and copper electrode spacing pole clearance value N2, and the fuzzy controller of PLC is fed back to by digital to analog converter;
The fuzzy controller of D:PLC combines the emery wheel received with copper electrode spacing pole clearance value N2 as new initial value, repeating step A-B, until reaching film forming standard, proceeding grinding; Thus completing closed loop control, namely realize the target monitored in real time and be effectively improved of coating mass.
5. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass as described in right 4, it is characterised in that: described machining center major axes orientation is provided withUltrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system (2), namely by increasing uniform skewed slot vertically on annulus vibration-sensing rod(1-10)Method realize indulging-turn round complex vibration vibration and be implemented onCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)。
6. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass as described in right 5, it is characterised in that: workbench direction is provided withTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3), vibration is implemented on workpiece nano heterogeneous ceramic sheet (2-6).
7. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass as described in right 6, it is characterised in that: described inTwo dimensional ultrasonic vibration system (3)Including fixed supported slab (2-1), fixed supported slab (2-1) is provided with right angle support board (2-5), two ends of right angle support board (2-5) are fixedly installed a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4) respectively, also include an amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) and a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7); Amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) is perpendicularly fixed at fixed supported slab (2-1) by trip bolt, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is fixed on amplitude transformer retainer (2-3) by ring flange and screw, right angle support board (2-5) is connected so that studs is coaxial with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7), and longitudinal ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer (2-7) is connected by studs with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer (2-4).
8. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass as described in right 7, it is characterized in that: the described longitrorse supersonic vibration ELID compound pre-dressing stage, ultrasonic Hybrid transducer vibrational system and restoring on line device work simultaneously, compared with the pre-dressing of traditional E LID, in the pre-dressing of combined electrolysisCast Iron Bonded Diamond Grinding Wheel (1-9)Constantly doing longitudinal direction and twisting vibration, improve electrolysis mass-transfer efficiency, wheel face ion concentration significantly improves, thus oxide-film is more evenly distributed, densification, for next stepThe multi-dimensional ultrasound vibration ELID composite plane dynamic grinding stageReady.
9. the ultrasonic ELID composite plane grinding control method improving coating mass as described in right 8, it is characterised in that: high-resolution composite stepper motor(5-1)It is fixed on vertical insulation board by screw(4-5)On, its shaft parallel is in workbench, as ball-screw(5-7)Screw rod; Sliding friction rectangular guideway(5-2)It is fixed on vertical insulation board(4-5)On, it is parallel to workbench (10), its centrage stepping electricity hybrid with high-resolution(5-1)Centrage overlaps; Ball-screw(5-7)Nut(5-6)It is fixed on plastic cement slide unit, slide unit end fixed copper electrode(5-4), for/ 3rd ring sectionsCylinder.
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| CN109551335A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of technique of laser assisted accurate grinding transparent material |
| CN111037456A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-21 | 洛阳聚享新科智能科技有限公司 | Multivariable intelligent fuzzy control system of double-end-face grinding machine |
| CN112496680A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Compound machining method for high-volume aluminum-based silicon carbide threaded hole |
| CN113523968A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-22 | 大连理工大学 | Laser and ultrasonic auxiliary grinding manufacturing equipment and method for quartz hemispherical harmonic oscillator |
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| CN106112809A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-11-16 | 泉州装备制造研究所 | Self-adapting intelligent stone grinder system |
| CN109551335A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of technique of laser assisted accurate grinding transparent material |
| CN114269515A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-04-01 | 韩商未来股份有限公司 | Polishing system and polishing method |
| CN114269515B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2023-11-03 | 韩商未来股份有限公司 | Polishing system and polishing method |
| CN111037456A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-21 | 洛阳聚享新科智能科技有限公司 | Multivariable intelligent fuzzy control system of double-end-face grinding machine |
| CN111037456B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-05-14 | 洛阳聚享新科智能科技有限公司 | Multivariable intelligent fuzzy control system of double-end-face grinding machine |
| CN112496680A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Compound machining method for high-volume aluminum-based silicon carbide threaded hole |
| CN112496680B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-07-29 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | High-volume aluminum-based silicon carbide threaded hole composite machining method |
| CN113523968A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-22 | 大连理工大学 | Laser and ultrasonic auxiliary grinding manufacturing equipment and method for quartz hemispherical harmonic oscillator |
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