CN105655431A - Photovoltaic assembly and method based on optimal allocation of bypass diodes - Google Patents
Photovoltaic assembly and method based on optimal allocation of bypass diodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105655431A CN105655431A CN201610003180.8A CN201610003180A CN105655431A CN 105655431 A CN105655431 A CN 105655431A CN 201610003180 A CN201610003180 A CN 201610003180A CN 105655431 A CN105655431 A CN 105655431A
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- pass diode
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
- H01L31/0443—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes comprising bypass diodes integrated or directly associated with the devices, e.g. bypass diodes integrated or formed in or on the same substrate as the photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic assembly and a method based on the optimal allocation of bypass diodes. The photovoltaic assembly comprises a plurality of rows of battery strings arranged side by side from top to bottom, a connection solder strip used for successively and serially connecting the battery strings, an anode junction box, a cathode junction box, an anode connection cable and a cathode connection cable. The anode junction box is connected with an anode output terminal. The cathode junction box is connected with a cathode output terminal. The anode connection cable is led out of the anode junction box. The cathode connection cable is led out of the cathode junction box. Each row of the battery strings is composed of a plurality of solar battery cells that are connected in series from left to right, and bypass diodes used for causing the short circuit of a faulted battery string when the battery string breaks down or the solar battery cells in the battery strings are blocked by an obstacle. The bypass diodes are distributed non-uniformly from top to bottom. Namely, the number of battery strings in parallel connection with at least one bypass diode is different from the numbers of battery strings in parallel connection with the rest bypass diodes. In this way, the problems of the photovoltaic assembly, such as large power loss, high hot-spot risk, low reliability and the like, caused by the condition that battery cells are blocked, can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization and method, belong to technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Background technology
In recent years rapidly, photovoltaic module its power generation performance actual also receives much concern in solar photovoltaic industry development. In practical application, single solar cell piece voltage is lower, it usually needs be together in series by welding by several tens of battery sheet, and adopts protecting materials and accessory to be packaged into photovoltaic module.
At present, photovoltaic module adopts one or more terminal box usually, and terminal box is bonded in solar cell assembly back, is inside provided with multiple by-pass diode. When photovoltaic module normally runs, by-pass diode is in oppositely biased and does not work; When shadow occlusion occurs in part cell piece in solar cell assembly, with the by-pass diode conducting of the battery series-parallel connection that is blocked, thus battery hot spot effect is avoided to produce high temperature and damage photovoltaic module. Generally, a by-pass diode can protect 20-24 cell piece at the most, this 20-24 cell piece we be defined as 1 son string, a usual assembly by 3 son string form, as shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 1 show the by-pass diode connection diagram of normal light photovoltaic assembly, and as can be seen from Figure 1 the series-connected cell quantity in every height string is identical, and namely the cell piece quantity of each by-pass diode protection is identical, is 24; But, when there is shadow occlusion, usual 1 cell piece is blocked, and photovoltaic module power will directly lose 1/3rd.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is, overcome deficiency of the prior art, photovoltaic module and the method for a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization are provided, can solve because cell piece is blocked, the problem that photovoltaic module power loss is relatively big, hot spot risk is higher, reliability is lower.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization, comprising the some row's battery strings distributed side by side, connection welding belt battery strings connected successively from top to bottom, be connected to cathode output end and the positive terminal box of cathode output end and negative pole terminal box and the positive pole tie cable drawn from positive terminal box and negative pole terminal box respectively and negative pole tie cable, each row's battery strings comprises from left and some solar battery sheets that are that connect successively in the right side; By the by-pass diode of fail battery string short circuit when the solar battery sheet also comprised in protection battery strings generation fault or battery strings is blocked by obstacle; Described by-pass diode adopts uneven distribution from top to bottom, namely have at least a by-pass diode the battery strings different amts of protection in parallel in the residue by-pass diode institute battery strings quantity protected in parallel.
The present invention is set to further: described by-pass diode comprises a top by-pass diode, some intermediate bypass diodes and a bottom bypass diode from top to bottom successively; Described top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode separately the battery strings quantity of protection in parallel all less than any one intermediate bypass diode institute battery strings quantity protected in parallel.
The present invention is set to further: described battery strings be followed successively by from top to bottom first row's battery strings, second row battery strings ..., N arrange battery strings, N is natural number; The battery strings being positioned at top row is first row's battery strings, and the battery strings being positioned at end row is N row's battery strings; The solar battery sheet often arranging battery strings is 4-12 sheet, and the solar battery sheet upper limit number of each by-pass diode parallel connection protection is 30.
Wherein, described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings, or protection in parallel first row's battery strings and second row battery strings; Described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protects N to arrange battery strings, or protection N in parallel arranges battery strings and N-1 arranges battery strings; If any one battery strings quantity protected is two rows in top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode, then intermediate bypass diodes in parallel protection at least three row's battery strings; If top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode protection one row's battery strings all in parallel, then intermediate bypass diodes in parallel protection at least two row's battery strings.
The present invention is set to further: described battery strings is 12 rows, i.e. N=12, and the solar battery sheet often arranging battery strings is 6, is 72 solar battery sheets altogether; Described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings and second row battery strings, described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protection the 12 row's battery strings and the 11 row's battery strings; Described intermediate bypass diode is two, and protection the 3rd row's battery strings in parallel is to the 6th row's battery series and parallel protection the 7th row's battery strings to the tenth row's battery strings respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of by-pass diode distribution optimization, comprises the following steps:
1) according to photovoltaic module, angle is installed, in conjunction with sky anisotropic scattering model and typical case's shade distribution, obtains the cell piece often arranging each solar battery sheet in battery strings in photovoltaic module from top to bottom and be blocked probability;
2) probability that is blocked by the cell piece often arranging all solar battery sheets in battery strings is averaged calculating, and the battery strings obtaining often arranging battery strings is blocked probability;
3) uneven distribution of by-pass diode is carried out according to the be blocked size of probability of battery strings;
This row's battery strings that the probability that battery strings is blocked is greater than setting probability threshold value only current one is arranged a reverse by-pass diode in parallel or totally two is arranged an oppositely by-pass diode in parallel with adjacent row battery strings;
The probability that battery strings is blocked is less than or equals the residue row battery strings at least two row oppositely by-pass diode in parallel setting probability threshold value.
The method of the present invention is set to further: described step 3) carry out the uneven distribution of by-pass diode, for battery strings be 12 rows, the solar battery sheet of often arranging battery strings be 6 be the photovoltaic module of 72 solar battery sheets altogether, comprise a top by-pass diode, two intermediate bypass diodes and a bottom bypass diode from top to bottom successively; Described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings and second row battery strings; described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protection the 12 row's battery strings and the 11 row's battery strings, two intermediate bypass diode difference protection the 3rd row's battery strings in parallel protect the 7th row's battery strings to the tenth row's battery strings to the 6th row's battery series and parallel.
Compared with prior art, the useful effect that the present invention has is:
1, the photovoltaic module of by-pass diode distribution optimization provided by the invention, have employed the by-pass diode of uneven distribution design protection in parallel, and photovoltaic module lower end position is easier to be blocked in using according to reality, medium position is blocked the relatively little probability situation of possibility, make close to photovoltaic module bottom by-pass diode total solar battery sheet quantity of protection in parallel few, realize one, bottom cell piece to be blocked and the loss of much slower photovoltaic module power, thus solve photovoltaic module because of cell piece be blocked exist power loss bigger, hot spot risk is higher, the problems such as reliability is lower.
2, the method for by-pass diode distribution optimization provided by the invention, the uneven distribution of by-pass diode is carried out according to the be blocked size of probability of battery strings, not only can much slower photovoltaic module power lose, improve power generation performance, and be convenient to carry out flexible distributed by-pass diode according to concrete place of laying, it is ensured that long-term reliability.
Foregoing is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, and in order to more clearly understand the technique means of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the by-pass diode connection diagram of normal light photovoltaic assembly in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the by-pass diode connection diagram of photovoltaic module of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the normally unobstructed current/voltage of normal light photovoltaic assembly exports curve;
Fig. 4 is that normal light photovoltaic assembly top, the bottom current/voltage after 1 solar battery sheet that is respectively blocked exports curve;
Fig. 5 is that photovoltaic module top of the present invention, the bottom current/voltage after 1 solar battery sheet that is respectively blocked exports curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention provides the photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization, the connection welding belt 2 that battery strings 1 comprises the some row's battery strings 1 distributed side by side from top to bottom, connect successively, the positive terminal box (for illustrating in figure) being connected to cathode output end 3 and cathode output end 4 and negative pole terminal box (for illustrating in figure) and the positive pole tie cable 5 drawn from positive terminal box and negative pole terminal box respectively and negative pole tie cable 6, each row's battery strings 1 comprises from left and some solar battery sheets 11 that are that connect successively in the right side; Also comprise the by-pass diode of fail battery string short circuit when protection battery strings 1 occurs the solar battery sheet 11 in fault or battery strings 1 to be blocked by obstacle; Described by-pass diode adopts uneven distribution from top to bottom, namely have at least a by-pass diode battery strings 1 different amts of protection in parallel in the residue by-pass diode institute battery strings quantity protected in parallel. It should be noted that the solar battery sheet upper limit number of each by-pass diode parallel connection protection is 30.
As shown in Figure 2, described battery strings 1 be followed successively by from top to bottom first row's battery strings, second row battery strings ..., N arrange battery strings, N is natural number 12; The solar battery sheet often arranging battery strings is 6, then be that 72 156mm*156mm solar battery sheets are packaged in component blocks 12 and form photovoltaic module altogether.
Described by-pass diode comprises a top by-pass diode 7,2 intermediate bypass diodes 8 and a bottom bypass diode 9 from top to bottom successively; Described top by-pass diode 7 parallel connection protection first row's battery strings and second row battery strings, described bottom bypass diode 9 parallel connection protection the 12 row's battery strings and the 11 row's battery strings; And 2 intermediate bypass diode 8 difference protection the 3rd row's battery strings in parallel protect the 7th row's battery strings to the tenth row's battery strings to the 6th row's battery series and parallel. Namely every 12 solar battery sheets of photovoltaic module upper/lower terminal 1 by-pass diode in parallel it is positioned at, every 24 solar battery sheets of middle portion 1 by-pass diode in parallel again after connecting.
Normal light photovoltaic assembly and the present invention optimize after photovoltaic module, both are as shown in table 1 at normally unobstructed unit for electrical property parameters, the normally unobstructed current/voltage of normal light photovoltaic assembly exports curve as shown in Figure 3, and it is substantially identical with Fig. 3 that the normally unobstructed current/voltage of photovoltaic module of the present invention exports curve.
For normal light photovoltaic assembly, after its top, bottom are respectively blocked 1 solar battery sheet, the unit for electrical property parameters of normal light photovoltaic assembly is as shown in table 2, current/voltage exports curve as shown in Figure 4; For by-pass diode distribution optimization of the present invention photovoltaic module, after its top, bottom are respectively blocked 1 solar battery sheet, the unit for electrical property parameters of photovoltaic module of the present invention is as shown in table 3, current/voltage export curve as shown in Figure 5.
| Isc | Voc | Im | Vm | Pmax | Ploss |
| 8.70 | 46.00 | 8.34 | 38.35 | 319.84 | 0.00% |
Table 1
| Isc | Voc | Im | Vm | Pmax | Ploss |
| 8.70 | 45.88 | 8.01 | 13.27 | 106.26 | 65.41% |
Table 2
| Isc | Voc | Im | Vm | Pmax | Ploss |
| 8.70 | 45.96 | 8.18 | 26.34 | 215.35 | 31.77% |
Table 3
In table 1, table 2, table 3, Isc is short-circuit current, and Voc is open circuit voltage, and Im is peak power point electric current, and Vm is maximum power point voltage, Pmax peak power, Ploss power loss.
Compared with normal light photovoltaic assembly as shown in Figure 1, when top, bottom are respectively blocked 1 solar battery sheet, the power drop of the photovoltaic module of by-pass diode distribution optimization of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 is about 32%, and the power of normal light photovoltaic assembly then declines about 65%. Visible, after the present invention adopts the by-pass diode parallel connection protection of uneven distribution, it is achieved the object of much slower photovoltaic module power loss.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of by-pass diode distribution optimization, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
1) according to photovoltaic module, angle is installed, in conjunction with sky anisotropic scattering model and typical case's shade distribution, obtains the cell piece often arranging each solar battery sheet in battery strings in photovoltaic module from top to bottom and be blocked probability;
2) probability that is blocked by the cell piece often arranging all solar battery sheets in battery strings is averaged calculating, and the battery strings obtaining often arranging battery strings is blocked probability;
3) uneven distribution of by-pass diode is carried out according to the be blocked size of probability of battery strings;
This row's battery strings that the probability that battery strings is blocked is greater than setting probability threshold value only current one is arranged a reverse by-pass diode in parallel or totally two is arranged an oppositely by-pass diode in parallel with adjacent row battery strings;
The probability that battery strings is blocked is less than or equals the residue row battery strings at least two row oppositely by-pass diode in parallel setting probability threshold value.
More than show and describe the ultimate principle of the present invention, main feature and advantage. The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the principle that the present invention is just described described in above-described embodiment and specification sheets; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the photovoltaic module of a by-pass diode distribution optimization, it is characterized in that: comprise the some row's battery strings distributed side by side, connection welding belt battery strings connected successively from top to bottom, be connected to cathode output end and the positive terminal box of cathode output end and negative pole terminal box and the positive pole tie cable drawn from positive terminal box and negative pole terminal box respectively and negative pole tie cable, each row's battery strings comprises from left and some solar battery sheets that are that connect successively in the right side;
By the by-pass diode of fail battery string short circuit when the solar battery sheet also comprised in protection battery strings generation fault or battery strings is blocked by obstacle; Described by-pass diode adopts uneven distribution from top to bottom, namely have at least a by-pass diode the battery strings different amts of protection in parallel in the residue by-pass diode institute battery strings quantity protected in parallel.
2. the photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described by-pass diode comprises a top by-pass diode, some intermediate bypass diodes and a bottom bypass diode from top to bottom successively; Described top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode separately the battery strings quantity of protection in parallel all less than any one intermediate bypass diode institute battery strings quantity protected in parallel.
3. the photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described battery strings be followed successively by from top to bottom first row's battery strings, second row battery strings ..., N arrange battery strings, N is natural number; The battery strings being positioned at top row is first row's battery strings, and the battery strings being positioned at end row is N row's battery strings; The solar battery sheet often arranging battery strings is 4-12 sheet, and the solar battery sheet upper limit number of each by-pass diode parallel connection protection is 30;
Described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings, or protection in parallel first row's battery strings and second row battery strings; Described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protects N to arrange battery strings, or protection N in parallel arranges battery strings and N-1 arranges battery strings;
If any one battery strings quantity protected is two rows in top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode, then intermediate bypass diodes in parallel protection at least three row's battery strings; If top by-pass diode and bottom bypass diode protection one row's battery strings all in parallel, then intermediate bypass diodes in parallel protection at least two row's battery strings.
4. the photovoltaic module of a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described battery strings is 12 rows, i.e. N=12, and the solar battery sheet often arranging battery strings is 6, is 72 solar battery sheets altogether;
Described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings and second row battery strings, described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protection the 12 row's battery strings and the 11 row's battery strings; Described intermediate bypass diode is two, and protection the 3rd row's battery strings in parallel is to the 6th row's battery series and parallel protection the 7th row's battery strings to the tenth row's battery strings respectively.
5. the method for a by-pass diode distribution optimization, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
1) according to photovoltaic module, angle is installed, in conjunction with sky anisotropic scattering model and typical case's shade distribution, obtains the cell piece often arranging each solar battery sheet in battery strings in photovoltaic module from top to bottom and be blocked probability;
2) probability that is blocked by the cell piece often arranging all solar battery sheets in battery strings is averaged calculating, and the battery strings obtaining often arranging battery strings is blocked probability;
3) uneven distribution of by-pass diode is carried out according to the be blocked size of probability of battery strings;
This row's battery strings that the probability that battery strings is blocked is greater than setting probability threshold value only current one is arranged a reverse by-pass diode in parallel or totally two is arranged an oppositely by-pass diode in parallel with adjacent row battery strings;
The probability that battery strings is blocked is less than or equals the residue row battery strings at least two row oppositely by-pass diode in parallel setting probability threshold value.
6. the method for a kind of by-pass diode distribution optimization according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step 3) carries out the uneven distribution of by-pass diode, for battery strings be 12 rows, the solar battery sheet of often arranging battery strings be 6 be the photovoltaic module of 72 solar battery sheets altogether, comprise a top by-pass diode, two intermediate bypass diodes and a bottom bypass diode from top to bottom successively;
Described top by-pass diode parallel connection protection first row's battery strings and second row battery strings; described bottom bypass diodes in parallel protection the 12 row's battery strings and the 11 row's battery strings, two intermediate bypass diode difference protection the 3rd row's battery strings in parallel protect the 7th row's battery strings to the tenth row's battery strings to the 6th row's battery series and parallel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610003180.8A CN105655431A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Photovoltaic assembly and method based on optimal allocation of bypass diodes |
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| CN201610003180.8A CN105655431A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Photovoltaic assembly and method based on optimal allocation of bypass diodes |
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| CN201610003180.8A Pending CN105655431A (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Photovoltaic assembly and method based on optimal allocation of bypass diodes |
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| CN107749425A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-02 | 欧贝黎新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preventing hot spot effect efficient solar battery component |
| CN108281499A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-13 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic cell component of novel circuit design |
| CN108666383A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of photovoltaic module configured with bypass diode |
| CN109920873A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-21 | 青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司光伏产业技术分公司 | A kind of total bypass protection crystalline silicon solar cell modules |
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