CN105643827A - 对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺 - Google Patents

对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN105643827A
CN105643827A CN201610037395.1A CN201610037395A CN105643827A CN 105643827 A CN105643827 A CN 105643827A CN 201610037395 A CN201610037395 A CN 201610037395A CN 105643827 A CN105643827 A CN 105643827A
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complete processing
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潘国立
于化锋
赵兵
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CHANGCHUN BOCHAO AUTO ACCESSORIES Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，其包括以下步骤：先将上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料进行粉碎造粒；再将粉碎后的麻纤维板料置于单螺杆挤出机中加热熔融挤出得到料条；然后将挤出的料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒得到粒料；最后将粒料投入到注塑机的料斗中，经加热注塑到对应产品模具中成型。该回收麻纤维复合板料制备医用座便器的加工工艺过程简单，与其他塑料回收方法相比，本发明可以实现麻纤维和塑料复合板料的回收，注塑产品表面光滑，机械性能稳定，实现了废旧材料的再次利用，提高了资源的利用率。

Description

对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及回收汽车内饰的麻纤维复合板料，尤其涉及一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺。
背景技术
随着人们保护环境意识的日益增长，汽车内饰件复合材料正向着高吸音、轻量化、高强度、环保且可回收方向发展。天然纤维作为隔热，隔音的良好材料，特别是作为聚合物材料的填充和增强材料，由于其质量轻，成本低，已经广泛应用于汽车制造行业中。目前各汽车工业大国已经开始大量使用天然纤维复合材料，生产的产品有：轿车的门内板、行李厢、顶棚、座椅背板、衣帽架、仪表盘；以及卡/客车的车厢内衬板、门板、顶棚、座椅背板等。因此汽车内饰生产过程中所产生的麻纤维复合板料的报废件与废料也与日俱增。而麻纤维复合材料主要是天然麻纤维和聚合物纤维复合成毡，然后热压成型。对于该复合材料进行麻和聚合物的分离是非常困难的，因此对于麻纤维复合材料进行回收再利用也就是对废旧塑料进行回收再利用，对于这部分废料的回收利用具有很好经济效益，又具有良好的环境和社会效益。而至今为止还没有一种关于麻纤维复合材料有效的回收方法。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，实现汽车内饰生产过程中产生的大量报废件与边角废料的回收利用，实现资源再生。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明技术方案包括：
一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，其包括以下步骤：
A、将上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料进行物理性质的粉碎造粒；
B、将粉碎后的麻纤维板料置于单螺杆挤出机中加热熔融挤出得到料条，单螺杆挤出机的料筒温度是230℃，口模温度是220℃；
C、将挤出的料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒得到粒料；
D、将粒料投入到注塑机的料斗中，经加热注塑到对应产品模具中成型，完成对边角废料的回收利用。
所述的加工工艺，其中，上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料中含有天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与涤纶纤维，其具体的为：
单独含有45％～50％天然麻麻纤维；或者含有50％～55％的丙纶纤维45％～50％的天然麻麻纤维；或者含有20％～35％的丙纶纤维与10％～20％的涤纶纤维。
所述的加工工艺，其中，在步骤B中单螺杆挤出机的长径比是20∶1，螺杆转速是80rpm。
所述的加工工艺，其中，在步骤D中控制熔体温度范围为190℃～230℃。
所述的加工工艺，其中，在步骤中D中注塑机的螺杆转速为70～100rpm。
所述的加工工艺，其中，在步骤D之前，在粒料中加入重量份为2份-8份的聚丙烯蜡，使聚丙烯蜡与粒料充分混合。
本发明提供的一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，该回收麻纤维复合板料制备医用座便器的加工工艺过程简单，与其他塑料回收方法相比，本发明可以实现麻纤维和塑料复合板料的回收，注塑产品表面光滑，机械性能稳定，实现了废旧材料的再次利用，提高了资源的利用率。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供了一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，其包括以下步骤：
步骤一，将上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料进行物理性质的粉碎造粒；
步骤二，将粉碎后的麻纤维板料置于单螺杆挤出机中加热熔融挤出得到料条，单螺杆挤出机的料筒温度是230℃，口模温度是220℃；
步骤三，将挤出的料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒得到粒料；
步骤四，将粒料投入到注塑机的料斗中，经加热注塑到对应产品模具中成型，完成对边角废料的回收利用。
更进一步的，上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料中含有天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与涤纶纤维，其具体的为：单独含有45％～50％天然麻麻纤维；或者含有50％～55％的丙纶纤维45％～50％的天然麻麻纤维；或者含有20％～35％的丙纶纤维与10％～20％的涤纶纤维。并且，在步骤二中单螺杆挤出机的长径比是20∶1，螺杆转速是80rpm。在步骤四中控制熔体温度范围为190℃～230℃。在步骤中四中注塑机的螺杆转速为70～100rpm。在步骤四之前，在粒料中加入重量份为2份-8份的聚丙烯蜡，使聚丙烯蜡与粒料充分混合。
为了更详尽的说明本发明，以下列举更详尽的实施例。
实施例1
完全选用麻纤维复合板料，不添加聚丙烯蜡，通过以下工艺方法制得医用座便器底座。
(1)将麻纤维复合板料粉碎，洗净，烘干。
(2)将粉碎后的麻纤维板料加热熔融，置于长径比为20∶1的挤出机中，挤出机料筒温度230℃，口模温度220℃，螺杆转速80rpm。
(3)将挤出的料条进行拉伸，拉伸速度5.54M/Min。
(4)料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒。
(5)将粒料投入到注塑机料斗中，经加热注塑到产品模具中成型。工艺参数为：熔体温度：225℃，螺杆转速：99rpm，保压时间：4秒。
粒料熔融后流动性较好，充模均匀完整，制件表面光滑，无缩痕。
实施例2
采用98kg的麻纤维复合板料与2kg的聚丙烯蜡
上述组分通过以下工艺方法制得医用座便器盖。
(1)将麻纤维复合板料粉碎，洗净，烘干。
(2)将粉碎后的麻纤维板料加热熔融，置于长径比为20∶1的挤出机中，挤出机料筒温度230℃，口模温度220℃，螺杆转速80rpm。
(3)将挤出的料条进行拉伸，拉伸速度5.54M/Min。
(4)料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒。
(5)将98kg粒料与2kg聚丙烯蜡在混合机中充分混匀，混合机转速为400rpm，混合时间为20min。
(6)将混合粒料投入到注塑机料斗中，经加热注塑到产品模具中成型。工艺参数为：熔体温度：210℃，螺杆转速：90rpm，保压时间：2秒。
粒料熔融后流动性较好，充模均匀完整，制件表面光滑，无缩痕。
实施例3
采用95kg的麻纤维复合板料与5kg的聚丙烯蜡
上述组分通过以下工艺方法制得医用座便器盖。
(1)将麻纤维复合板料粉碎，洗净，烘干。
(2)将粉碎后的麻纤维板料加热熔融，置于长径比为20∶1的挤出机中，挤出机料筒温度230℃，口模温度220℃，螺杆转速80rpm。
(3)将挤出的料条进行拉伸，拉伸速度5.54M/Min。
(4)料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒。
(5)将95kg粒料与5kg聚丙烯蜡在混合机中充分混匀，混合机转速为400rpm，混合时间为20min。
(6)将混合粒料投入到注塑机料斗中，经加热注塑到产品模具中成型。工艺参数为：熔体温度：200℃，螺杆转速：80rpm，保压时间：2秒。
粒料熔融后流动性好，充模均匀完整，制件表面光滑，无缩痕。
当然，以上说明仅仅为本发明的较佳实施例，本发明并不限于列举上述实施例，应当说明的是，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本说明书的教导下，所做出的所有等同替代、明显变形形式，均落在本说明书的实质范围之内，理应受到本发明的保护。

Claims (6)

1.一种对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺，其包括以下步骤：
A、将上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料进行物理性质的粉碎造粒；
B、将粉碎后的麻纤维板料置于单螺杆挤出机中加热熔融挤出得到料条，单螺杆挤出机的料筒温度是230℃，口模温度是220℃；
C、将挤出的料条在空气中冷却后经切粒机切粒得到粒料；
D、将粒料投入到注塑机的料斗中，经加热注塑到对应产品模具中成型，完成对边角废料的回收利用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工工艺，其特征在于，上述边角废料之麻纤维复合板料中含有天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与天然麻纤维或者含有丙纶纤维与涤纶纤维，其具体的为：
单独含有45％～50％天然麻麻纤维；或者含有50％～55％的丙纶纤维45％～50％的天然麻麻纤维；或者含有20％～35％的丙纶纤维与10％～20％的涤纶纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加工工艺，其特征在于，在步骤B中单螺杆挤出机的长径比是20∶1，螺杆转速是80rpm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加工工艺，其特征在于，在步骤D中控制熔体温度范围为190℃～230℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加工工艺，其特征在于，在步骤中D中注塑机的螺杆转速为70～100rpm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的加工工艺，其特征在于，在步骤D之前，在粒料中加入重量份为2份-8份的聚丙烯蜡，使聚丙烯蜡与粒料充分混合。
CN201610037395.1A 2016-01-21 2016-01-21 对现有模压成型后产生的边角废料回收利用的加工工艺 Pending CN105643827A (zh)

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CN113619144A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-09 清远市东江环保技术有限公司 一种复合材料制备产品的方法
CN116277616A (zh) * 2023-03-03 2023-06-23 南京航空航天大学 一种太空回收再制造方法

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CN113619144A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-09 清远市东江环保技术有限公司 一种复合材料制备产品的方法
CN116277616A (zh) * 2023-03-03 2023-06-23 南京航空航天大学 一种太空回收再制造方法
CN116277616B (zh) * 2023-03-03 2024-05-17 南京航空航天大学 一种太空回收再制造方法

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