CN105641718A - 适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 - Google Patents
适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓20～30份、土沙参20～30份、刺五加20～30份、满天飞10～15份、白苏20～30份、玄胡索10～15份、香附10～15份、没药10～15份、川楝5～10份、两面针5～10份、炒白术10～15份、高良姜10～15份、煅瓦楞子10～15份。本发明具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，涉及一种胃肠道造影剂，具体涉及一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂。
背景技术
胃肠道为空腔脏器，常有气体影响，超声从体表探测不易得到满意的声像图，胃肠道疾病的诊断常依靠胃镜和x线钡餐检查。近年来由于胃肠声学造影术及超声内镜两项技术的发展和应用，拓宽了胃肠疾病的诊断范围。超声检查可清晰显示胃肠壁的层次结构，发现胃肠壁肿瘤的部位、大小和形态，估计病变侵犯胃肠壁的程度，特别是了解周围器官的转移情况，弥补胃镜和x线检查的不足，为临床治疗方案的选择提供了可靠的依据。
其中，胃肠超声造影检查法是采用造影剂充盈胃、肠腔，通过改善胃肠的超声内部环境，以利于超声波声束穿透，使胃肠结构和其病变方便更加清晰的显示。
但是，患有肠道易激综合征的患者在服用造影剂时，经常会出现造影剂一两个小时就已经到回盲部的情况，正常情况应当在三到六小时，从而不能够顺利造影。出现这种情况通常是因为胃肠蠕动过快，加速了造影剂位移。因此，针对这一类患者在造影过程中能够抑制胃肠蠕动过快，并且能够顺利造影，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，具有抑制胃肠蠕动过快、滋养胃肠道的优点。
肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的症状为：每因情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后痛减，脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒，嗳气少食。舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦。具体原因分析如下：素体脾虚，复因忧郁恼怒至肝气郁结，气机不畅故见脘痞胸闷，急躁易怒；肝木横逆，克伐已虚之脾土则见情志佛郁即腹痛肠鸣泄泻，泻后木气暂时得达则痛减；脾胃虚弱，气机不畅则嗳气少食；舌边红，苔薄白，脉弦为肝郁脾虚之征。因此，本发明提出以下技术方案。
本发明提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓20～30份、土沙参20～30份、刺五加20～30份、满天飞10～15份、白苏20～30份、玄胡索10～15份、香附10～15份、没药10～15份、川楝5～10份、两面针5～10份、炒白术10～15份、高良姜10～15份、煅瓦楞子10～15份。
所述微泡中填充的气体为体积比4～8∶1的氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体。
其中，优选方案如下：
所述的造影剂由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓25份、土沙参25份、刺五加25份、满天飞12份、白苏25份、玄胡索12份、香附12份、没药12份、川楝8份、两面针8份、炒白术12份、高良姜12份、煅瓦楞子12份。
本发明所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过40～80目筛，加入混合中药粉质量4～8倍的蒸馏水，煎煮1～2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量3～4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2～3h，提取2～3次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得800～1000目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于37～42℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
药理分析：
小一把抓：淡，平。健脾胃，补中益气。主治感冒，小儿疳积，老年气虚。
土沙参：味甘，性平。健脾益气；润肺止咳。主体虚自汗，乳汁不足，饮食少进，咳嗽，咯血。
刺五加：辛、微苦，温。归脾、肾、心经。益气健脾，补肾安神。用于脾肾阳虚，体虚乏力，食欲不振，腰膝酸痛，失眠多梦。
满天飞：苦、微辛，平。健脾消肿。用于消化不良，脾虚浮肿。
白苏：辛，温。散寒解表，理气宽中。用于风寒感冒，头痛，咳嗽，胸腹胀满。
玄胡索：性温，味辛苦，入心、脾、肝、肺。有活血、行气、止痛之功效。其止痛作用显著，作用部位广泛，且持久而无毒性，是一味比较优良的止痛药。
香附：辛、微苦、微甘，平。归肝、脾、三焦经。行气解郁，调经止痛。用于肝郁气滞，胸、胁、脘腹胀痛，消化不良，胸脘痞闷，寒疝腹痛，乳房胀痛，月经不调，经闭痛经。
没药：苦，平。入肝经。散血去瘀，消肿定痛。治跌损，金疮，筋骨，心腹诸痛，症瘕，经闭，痈疽肿痛，痔漏，目障。
川楝：苦，寒；有小毒。归肝、小肠、膀胱经。舒肝行气止痛，驱虫。用于胸胁、脘腹胀痛，疝痛，虫积腹痛。
两面针：苦、辛，平；有小毒。归肝、胃经。行气止痛，活血化瘀，祛风通络。用于气滞血瘀引起的跌打损伤、风湿痹痛、胃痛、牙痛，毒蛇咬伤；外治汤火烫伤。
炒白术：具有健脾益气，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎的功效。用于脾虚食少，腹胀泄泻，痰饮眩悸，水肿，自汗，胎动不安。
高良姜：本种以干燥根茎入药，中药名为高良姜，药用之名始载于《名医别录》，凡中焦寒凝，或冷物所伤，脘腹冷痛者，可与干姜同用，具温胃散寒、消食、理气止痛等功效，主治胃寒呕泻、呕吐、噫气、消化不良、消积食滞、及脘腹冷痛等。
煅瓦楞子：咸，平。归肺、胃、肝经。消痰化瘀，软坚散结，制酸止痛。用于顽痰积结，黏稠难咯，瘿瘤，瘰疬，症瘕痞块，胃痛泛酸。
本发明中，小一把抓、土沙参、刺五加、满天飞用于健脾益气；白苏、玄胡索、香附疏肝理气；没药、川楝、两面针缓解腹痛；炒白术、高良姜、煅瓦楞子养胃，对胃部起到滋养作用。
本发明中药载体纯属中药制剂，经多年的研究和临床实践证明：用药安全可靠、药价低廉、携带服用方便，避免了化学药物的毒副作用及过敏反应，适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，并且对胃部具有滋养作用。
疗效判断：
见效：无胃痛、呕吐等不适感，造影清晰，检查后3～6小时内开始排出造影剂。
好转：胃痛、呕吐等不适感减轻，造影清晰，检查后2～3小时内开始排出造影剂。
无效：诸症无明显改善，造影剂1～2小时即到达回盲部。
服用结果：检查患者50例，均为肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征患者，吞服本发明所制造影剂，若感到刺激胃肠道、有过敏症状的立即洗胃催吐。检查后，见效36例，占72％，好转14例，占28％。
附一例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：赵某，女，44岁，胃痛少食，一开始做超声造影，2小时造影剂已到达回盲部，造影效果不理想。服用本发明的造影剂进行检查，胃痛症状减轻，造影清晰，贲门无异常发现，胃张力中等，呈中间型，胃腔内见少量潴留液，胃窦部粘膜纹增粗，胃壁尚柔软，蠕动正常，十二指肠球部形态正常。检查后3小时即开始排出造影剂。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓25份、土沙参25份、刺五加25份、满天飞12份、白苏25份、玄胡索12份、香附12份、没药12份、川楝8份、两面针8份、炒白术12份、高良姜12份、煅瓦楞子12份。
所述的造影剂制备方法如下：
(1)按重量份取上述中药原料粉碎，过50目筛，加入混合中药粉质量6倍的蒸馏水，煎煮2h，过滤，得到水提液滤液，水提液减压浓缩得水提浓缩液，残渣中加入其质量4倍的95％乙醇，加热回流2h，提取2次，合并提取液，过滤，获得醇提液，醇提液减压浓缩，回收至无醇味，与前面获得的水提浓缩液混合，进一步减压浓缩，除去溶剂，干燥，获得干膏，干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎，过筛，获得1000目的超微细粉；
(2)将卵磷脂加入到无水乙醇中，于40℃下搅拌溶解，得到的溶液中加入步骤(1)得到的中药材超微细粉，旋转蒸发挥干溶剂得到前体脂质体；
(3)在无菌条件下，取出(2)得到的前体脂质体分装于西林瓶中，然后注入氧气和二氧化碳组成的混合气体以置换西林瓶头部的空气，密封即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂10～25份、中药载体45～70份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓20～30份、土沙参20～30份、刺五加20～30份、满天飞10～15份、白苏20～30份、玄胡索10～15份、香附10～15份、没药10～15份、川楝5～10份、两面针5～10份、炒白术10～15份、高良姜10～15份、煅瓦楞子10～15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的适用于肝郁脾虚型肠道易激综合征的造影剂，由脂质体和包裹于所述的脂质体内的微泡组成，所述脂质体由如下重量份的组分制成：卵磷脂20份、中药载体55份；其特征在于所述中药载体由以下重量份数的中药原料配制而成：小一把抓25份、土沙参25份、刺五加25份、满天飞12份、白苏25份、玄胡索12份、香附12份、没药12份、川楝8份、两面针8份、炒白术12份、高良姜12份、煅瓦楞子12份。
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