CN105629285B - A kind of multiwire proportional counter - Google Patents
A kind of multiwire proportional counter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105629285B CN105629285B CN201610035043.2A CN201610035043A CN105629285B CN 105629285 B CN105629285 B CN 105629285B CN 201610035043 A CN201610035043 A CN 201610035043A CN 105629285 B CN105629285 B CN 105629285B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- proportional counter
- multiwire proportional
- pallet
- pedestal
- multiwire
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/1606—Measuring radiation intensity with other specified detectors not provided for in the other sub-groups of G01T1/16
Abstract
The present embodiments relate to a kind of multiwire proportional counter, including：Upper cover plate lid is closed on the pedestal；Tray supporter above pedestal, is combined with pedestal；Pallet above tray supporter, is connected with tray supporter；Cathode bottom plate, is fixed on upper cover plate；Connecting rod is fixed below cathode bottom plate；Anode guide frame below cathode bottom plate, and is articulated in connecting rod；Anodic wire is connected by spring with anode guide frame.Multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it can the influence that measures to radioactive source slin emissivity of quantitative study " radioactive source anodic wire distance " and uncertainty evaluation, it can influence of the quantitative study pressure work condition to beta-ray detection, electric field distribution has stability, it can ensure that the pallet stabilization of carrying big surface source is not rocked, and roller type design bearing is equipped with, realize the movable operation of source pallet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ionization gage measurement technique field more particularly to a kind of multiwire proportional counters.
Background technology
Proportional counter is by the use of gas as working media, and output pulse amplitude has direct ratio with initial ionization ion pair quantity
The particle detector of relation can be used for count particles number, and determine incoming particle according to the pulse height for exporting signal
The energy of deposition.Multiwire proportional counter is the proportional counter for having multifilament structure, is made of a large amount of parallel filaments, it is all this
For a little filaments all in two pieces of planes between several centimetres of cathode plane, the diameter of anode filament is about tens micro-
Rice, is spaced about one or several millimeter.Every silk all can equally work as proportional counter tube, and spatial accuracy can be made to reach a milli
Rice or smaller.Every silk can undertake high particle recording rate, up to hundreds of thousands per second.
Multiwire proportional counter of the prior art, has the following problems:
It (1) can not influence of the quantitative study " radioactive source-anodic wire distance " to surface particle emissivity；
It (2) can not influence of the quantitative study pressure work condition to beta-ray detection；
(3) in the long-term use, since anodic wire plane is parallel with horizontal plane, therefore anodic wire is in gravity
Under the influence of can change the distribution of chamber internal electric field, so as to bringing unfavorable shadow to the accuracy and long-time stability of emissivity realization
It rings；
(4) pallet of carrying big surface source is unstable easily rocks, and error is generated so as to cause measurement.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiwire proportional counter, to solve multiwire proportional counter of the prior art
There are the problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of multiwire proportional counter, including：Upper cover plate, pedestal, anode
Silk, anode guide frame, cathode bottom plate, connecting rod, pallet and tray supporter；
The upper cover plate lid is closed on the pedestal；
The tray supporter above the pedestal, is combined with the pedestal；
The pallet above tray supporter, is connected with the tray supporter；
The cathode bottom plate, is fixed on the upper cover plate；
The connecting rod is fixed below the cathode bottom plate；
The anode guide frame below the cathode bottom plate, and is articulated in the connecting rod；
The anodic wire is connected by spring with the anode guide frame；
Radioactive source is placed on the pallet, working gas will be passed through in the multiwire proportional counter, to the anode
Silk is powered, and generates electric field, and when the ray of radioactive source release is by the working gas, gas molecule ionization generates electronics
And cation, under the electric field action, the electronics drifts about to anodic wire, and the cation is floated to cathode bottom plate and pallet
It moves, cation quality is more than electron mass, and the electric field of drift bearing weakens, the direction electric field strength increase of electronics drift so that
Electronics ionizes again with gas molecule, generates new cation and electronics, so as to form electron avalanche amplification, records the electricity
Pulses of radiation signal caused by sub- snowslide.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes gear and gear shaft, in the groove on the pedestal,
The tray supporter and the pedestal are combined using the gear.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes right baffle-plate and right shell body, is separately fixed at the pedestal two
Side, the pallet and the tray supporter by the /V of the right baffle-plate and right shell body into the multiwire proportional counter or
Person screws out from the multiwire proportional counter.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes high pressure connection, deeply described from the side wall of the upper cover plate
It is connected in multiwire proportional counter with the anodic wire, the high pressure connection is connected with external power supply, is the anodic wire
High-voltage electricity is provided.
Further, the anodic wire is multiple, and is equidistantly arranged in parallel on the anode guide frame.
Further, the pallet is connected with the tray supporter by the spring screw.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes clamp, is arranged on the outer surface of the upper cover plate, by described in
Upper cover plate and the pedestal clamp.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes rotation hand wheel, is connected with the gear shaft, the pallet
The multiwire proportional counter is passed in and out by the rotation hand wheel with the tray supporter.
Further, the working gas is specially P10 gases.
Further, the multiwire proportional counter further includes barometer, is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate, real during work
When monitor atmospheric pressure value in the multiwire proportional counter.
Multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can quantitative study " radioactive source-anodic wire distance " to surface
The influence of particle emission rate and uncertainty evaluation, can influence of the quantitative study pressure work condition to beta-ray detection, electric field point
Cloth has stability, can ensure that the pallet stabilization of carrying big surface source is not rocked, and is equipped with roller type design bearing, realizes source
The movable operation of pallet.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the pallet of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention and tray supporter sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the base plane figure of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Multiwire proportional counter housing provided by the embodiments of the present application is process by aluminium alloy, the effective search coverage of chamber
340mm × 150mm × 50mm, the tray area for carrying large area α, β plane source is 300mm × 200mm, apart from anodic wire
Height it is adjustable.To detect α, β population of big surface source transmitting comprehensively, chamber is designed using no window, i.e. measured source and work
Make gas P10 to contact directly, so as to avoid absorption of the fenestrated membrane to low energy beta rays and α particles.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention
Multiwire proportional counter include：Upper cover plate 1, pedestal 8, anodic wire 2, anode guide frame 3, cathode bottom plate 4, connecting rod 5, pallet 6
With tray supporter 7；
The lid of upper cover plate 1 is closed on pedestal 8；Tray supporter 7 above pedestal 8, is combined with pedestal 8；Pallet 6, is located at
7 top of tray supporter, is connected with tray supporter 7；Cathode bottom plate 4 is fixed on upper cover plate 1；Connecting rod 5, is fixed on cathode
4 lower section of bottom plate；Anode guide frame 3 positioned at 4 lower section of cathode bottom plate, and is articulated in connecting rod 5；Anodic wire 2, by spring with
Anode guide frame 3 is connected.
During work, radioactive source is placed on pallet 6, working gas will be passed through in multiwire proportional counter, it is logical to anodic wire 2
Electricity, when the ray of radioactive source release passes through working gas, gas molecule ionization generates electronics and cation, in electric field action
Under, electronics drifts about to anodic wire, and cation drifts about to cathode bottom plate 4 and pallet 6, and cation quality is big, the electric field of drift bearing
By by force to weak, therefore the acceleration of electric field is insufficient to allow itself and working gas that ionizing collision occurs；The nearly anode of electric float transposing, electric field
Intensity increases, its energy obtained is made to be enough ionizing collision occurs with gas molecule again, generates new cation and electronics.According to
Secondary cycling, the cloud,positive ion that cation is formed, can be slowly to cathodic migration, during this hardly since quality is too big
Ionization process can occur again.And electron amount is continuously increased constantly, so as to form electron avalanche, produced by recording the electron avalanche
Pulses of radiation signal.
In addition, multiwire proportional counter further includes gear 13 and gear shaft 14, and in the groove on pedestal 8,6 He of pallet
Pedestal 8 is combined using gear 13.Rotation hand wheel 15 is additionally provided on gear shaft 14, pallet 6 is rotated by rotation hand wheel 15
Go out multiwire proportional counter.
Multiwire proportional counter further includes left baffle 17, is separately fixed at 8 both sides of pedestal, and pallet 6 and tray supporter 7 are logical
The /V for crossing left baffle 17 enters multiwire proportional counter or is screwed out from multiwire proportional counter.
High pressure connection 10 is additionally provided on the side wall of upper cover plate 1, multifibres direct ratio is goed deep into one end of high pressure connection 10 from side wall
It is connected in counter with anodic wire 2, the other end of high pressure connection 10 is connected with external power supply, and high pressure is provided for anodic wire 2
Electricity.Stomata 9 is also respectively provided on the two side of upper cover plate 1.
Optionally, 1 top of upper cover plate is provided with barometer, for monitoring atmospheric pressure value in housing during work in real time.
Wherein, anodic wire 2 is multiple, and is equidistantly arranged in parallel on anode guide frame.
In the present embodiment, anodic wire 2 uses 10 a diameter of 20 microns of gold-plated tungsten wires, and silk spacing 2.5cm is equidistant
Parallel arrangement is on anode guide frame.
During the long-time service of multiwire proportional counter, anode guide frame is due to conditions such as stress, temperature and humidity
Change can generate deformation, when serious anodic wire sag of chain can be caused to become larger, and change the electric field distribution in multiwire proportional counter, from
And the accuracy and long-time stability to emissivity realization bring adverse effect.In order to effectively control anodic wire internal tension point
Cloth, so as to fulfill the stabilization of multiwire proportional counter internal electric field distribution, in multiwire proportional counter provided by the embodiments of the present application
The end of every anodic wire is fixed on by spring on anode guide frame, thread tension about 50g.
In addition, being provided with active grab 18 on upper cover plate 1, the both sides of pedestal 8 are provided with active grab hook 19, quick to press from both sides
Pincers 18 and active grab hook 19 match, and for clamping upper cover plate 1 and pedestal 8, also have between upper cover plate 1 and pedestal 8
Rubber seal 16, for being sealed, so as to form airtight cavity.
For Beta-ray measurement, since the β rays ceiling capacity of variety classes β decay nucleic is different, and power spectrum is continuously divided
Cloth, the energy deposited in chamber are also not near identical.For high energy β rays, the Energy Deposition in relatively lean working gas
Measure it is less, if corresponding electric impulse signal amplitude will form counting loss less than threshold setting under electronics, so needing opposite
It works under higher air pressure；For low energy beta rays, can there are stronger ray and working gas scattering effect, it is necessary in phase
To working under relatively low air pressure.For influence of the quantitative study pressure work condition to beta-ray detection, the embodiment of the present application provides
Multiwire proportional counter housing four corners using clamp-type design, so as to form a closed cavity.Work gas
Pressure can be increased to 0.2MPa, i.e. 2 times of standard atmospheric pressures.Meanwhile by being equipped with vacuum-pumping system, low gas can be formed in chamber
Press working environment.
Fig. 2 is the pallet of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention and tray supporter sectional view.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, spring screw 20 is provided on pallet 6, and pallet 6 is fixed on 7 center of tray supporter by four spring screws of corner, leads to
The height of pallet 6 and the levelness of pallet can be adjusted by overregulating the depth of four spring screws.Carry α, the support in β plane source
Disk is adjustable apart from anodic wire height, for influence of the quantitative study " radioactive source-anodic wire distance " to surface particle emissivity and
Uncertainty evaluation.
Rack 11 and rolling bearing 12 are additionally provided on tray supporter 7, rack 11 is engaged with gear 13, tray supporter 7
It is pulled out by gear 13 and rack 11 from counter.Rolling bearing 12 is installed between tray supporter 7 and pedestal 8, it can be with
Ensure that tray supporter 7 can keep tray supporter 7 not rock steadily in static and movement, and be rolling between pedestal 8
Contact surface is protected in dynamic friction.
Fig. 3 is the base plane figure of multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 3, it is set on pedestal
Rach slot 21, gear grooved 23 and gear axial trough 22 are equipped with, gear grooved 23 is used to install gear 13 (such as Fig. 1), rack 11 (such as Fig. 1)
It is moved in rach slot 21, gear axial trough 22 is used to install gear shaft 15 (such as Fig. 1).
Multiwire proportional counter provided by the embodiments of the present application, as 2 π α of China, 2 π β particle emission rate radioactive activities
The core sensor of benchmark will be used to reappear large area α, β plane source surface particle emissivity magnitude, be α, β surface contamination analyzer
With the fixed monitor in place in radiation protection, environmental pollution, medical and health, the nuclear power energy, Isotope production, institute of reactor factory
Radioactive pollution monitoring in the fields of grade provides magnitude tracing guarantee.
Multiwire proportional counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, carrying α, β plane source pallet can apart from anodic wire height
It adjusts, it can the influence that measures to radioactive source slin emissivity of quantitative study " radioactive source-anodic wire distance " and uncertainty evaluation；Meter
The end of every anodic wire is designed using fixed spring inside number device, and thread tension distribution is controllable and stablizes, so that multifibres is just
There is stability than the distribution of counter internal electric field；The four corners of counter are designed using clamp-type, form a closed cavity,
Operating air pressure can be increased to 2 times of standard atmospheric pressures, meanwhile, by being equipped with vacuum-pumping system, low pressure can be formed in chamber
Working environment, atmospheric pressure value is monitored in real time by the barometer of housing upper in chamber, so as to fulfill quantitative study pressure work item
Influence of the part to beta-ray detection；Multigroup rolling bearing between tray supporter and pedestal is installed, can ensure carrying big surface source
Pallet stabilization do not rock, and the rolling friction between tray supporter and pedestal is realized, so as to protect contact surface.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect further
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of multiwire proportional counter, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter includes：Upper cover plate, pedestal, anode
Silk, anode guide frame, cathode bottom plate, connecting rod, pallet and tray supporter；
The upper cover plate lid is closed on the pedestal；
The tray supporter above the pedestal, is combined with the pedestal；
The pallet above tray supporter, is connected with the tray supporter；
The cathode bottom plate, is fixed on the upper cover plate；
The connecting rod is fixed below the cathode bottom plate；
The anode guide frame below the cathode bottom plate, and is articulated in the connecting rod；
The anodic wire is connected by spring with the anode guide frame；
Radioactive source is placed on the pallet, working gas will be passed through in the multiwire proportional counter, the anodic wire is led to
Electricity generates electric field, and when the ray of radioactive source release is by the working gas, gas molecule ionization generates electronics and just
Ion, under the electric field action, the electronics drifts about to anodic wire, and the cation drifts about to cathode bottom plate and pallet, just
Mass of ion is more than electron mass, and the electric field of drift bearing weakens, the direction electric field strength increase of electronics drift so that electronics with
Gas molecule ionizes again, generates new cation and electronics, so as to form electron avalanche amplification, records the electron avalanche
Generated pulses of radiation signal；
Wherein, the multiwire proportional counter further includes gear and gear shaft, in the groove on the pedestal, the pallet
Stent and the pedestal are combined using the gear.
2. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter further includes a left side
Baffle and right shell body, are separately fixed at the pedestal both sides, and the pallet and the tray supporter pass through the right baffle-plate and the right side
The /V of baffle is screwed out into the multiwire proportional counter or from the multiwire proportional counter.
3. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter further includes height
Crimp head is goed deep into the multiwire proportional counter being connected with the anodic wire from the side wall of the upper cover plate, the high pressure
Connector is connected with external power supply, and high-voltage electricity is provided for the anodic wire.
4. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anodic wire is multiple, and between waiting
Away from being arranged in parallel on the anode guide frame.
5. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pallet and the tray supporter pass through
The spring screw is connected.
6. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter further includes folder
Pincers are arranged on the outer surface of the upper cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the pedestal are clamped.
7. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter further includes rotation
Wheel is changed hands, is connected with the gear shaft, the pallet and the tray supporter pass in and out the multifibres by the rotation hand wheel
Proportional counter.
8. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the working gas is specially P10 gases.
9. multiwire proportional counter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiwire proportional counter further includes gas
Pressure meter, is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate, and when work monitors atmospheric pressure value in the multiwire proportional counter in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610035043.2A CN105629285B (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | A kind of multiwire proportional counter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610035043.2A CN105629285B (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | A kind of multiwire proportional counter |
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| CN105629285A CN105629285A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| CN105629285B true CN105629285B (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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| CN201610035043.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105629285B (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | A kind of multiwire proportional counter |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106772536B (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2019-03-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Wide-range tissue-equivalent proportional counter and its application |
| CN112041703B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2022-05-17 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Alpha ray measuring apparatus |
| CN109991137A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-09 | 霸州市地海云天环保科技有限公司 | Small ion collection type monitoring device of powder-like waste based on αsource |
| CN112068183A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | 4 pi multi-filament proportional chamber for 4 pi beta-gamma coincidence measurement |
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