CN103487823A - Manufacturing process of closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear radiation detectors, and particularly relates to a manufacturing process of a closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: designing the shell of a detector, selecting manufacturing materials, cleaning and passivating the materials, assembling and fixing the shell of the detector, cleaning an incident window, cleaning and fixing anode wires, pasting the incident window, displacing gas, performing sealing, and finally testing all performance indexes. The manufacturing process is simple and feasible and does not need special equipment; the closed-gas large-area proportional counter manufactured through the manufacturing process is still virgin ground in domestic proportional counters; according to the finished closed-gas large-area proportional counter manufactured through the manufacturing process, the plateau length can reach 200V under the plateau slope of 5% per 100V, the efficiency of measuring a 90Sr-90Y beta radioactive source and a 239 Pu alpha radioactive source respectively in the mode of tightly attaching to the surface of the incident window is more than 70% and more than 30% respectively, counting life is not shorter than 1.0E12, and shelf-life is more than one year. Thus, the proportional counter can get rid of the limit on a gas cylinder and on the gas circuit facilities of the gas cylinder when used in the alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination; besides, from the point of view of technology and use, a closed-gas proportional detector has the advantages of both a solid state detector and a gas-flow proportional detector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nuclear radiation detector field, be specifically related to a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination.
Background technology
Gas detector for large tracts of land α, beta activity surface monitoring mostly is flow-gas proportional counter at present.Compare solid probe and hold one's breath proportional counter, the gas proportional counter has a significant technological deficiency: new working gas (inert gas) must be provided in use continuously, this just requires to be equipped with the gas circuit facilities such as gas cylinder when technological design, has limited the usable range of flow-gas proportional counter at α, beta activity surface monitoring.Such as: be equipped with the gas circuit facilities such as gas cylinder due to needs, in Portable alpha, beta activity surface pollution monitor table, seldom use the gas proportional counter; The unevenness of such environmental effects gas flow also has larger impact to result of detection.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in the measuring principle to the gas proportional counter, make the material selection, structural design, on the basis of technical study, by the design of detector housing, the selection of making material, clean, passivation, technological design and research, determining etc. of the assembling of parts, fixed form provides a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large tracts of land multiwire proportional counter space electric field intensity distributions characteristics, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, the anodic wire spacing is 10~30mm, and die opening is 8~10mm;
(2) make the selection of material: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing after machining is carried out to Ultrasonic Cleaning, putting into afterwards cleaning agents soaks 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3~5 times, after soaking 2~4 minutes by cleaning agents at 40~60 ℃ of temperature again, clean with distilled water flushing, then by cleaning agents, rinse 3~5 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: the anodic wire fixed leg is cleaned 3~5 times by cleaning agents, dry, and cementing in detector inside with fluid sealant, wait for 12 hours, glue is fully curing;
(5) entrance window is clean: after remaining in surperficial micro-greasy dirt with cleaning agents removal entrance window in process, by cleaning agents, clean up, dry;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak anodic wire 20~40 minutes by cleaning agents, remove anodic wire and remain in surperficial lubricant in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: anodic wire is fixed on the anodic wire fixed leg, and with sealant sealing anodic wire fairlead;
(8) stickup of entrance window: by fluid sealant and detector housing sealing for entrance window, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at the detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, in order to displace the air in the detector cavity, in venting process, the heated shell temperature remains on 50~70 ℃;
(10) sealing: first the detector gas outlet is sealed with hydraulic tongs, with rain glass, measure the detector air pressure inside, envelope air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices.
Further, described case material is brass.
Described anodic wire diameter is the gold-plated tungsten of 25 μ m.
Described anodic wire fixed leg adopts the high-purity alpha-alumina pottery.
Described entrance window is 10 μ m titanium foils.
Described fluid sealant adopts epoxide-resin glue.
Described cleaning agents is ethanol, copper passivating solution, NaCl and NaOH mixing material and Henkel clean-out system;
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the technique simple possible, without specific installation, the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter that this technique is made is still blank in domestic proportional counter, that utilizes this technique to complete holds one's breath proportional counter under the plateau slope of 5%/100V, plateau length can reach 200V, is close to entrance window surface measurement radiator beta-ray
90sr-
90y, efficiency is more than 70%, αsource
239pu efficiency is more than 30%, and the counting life-span is not less than 1.0E12, shelf-lifes more than 1 year.Thereby make proportional counter break away from the restriction to gas cylinder and gas circuit facility thereof in the use of α, beta activity surface contamination, from technology and use angle, the proportional detector of holding one's breath has the advantage of solid probe and gas proportional detector concurrently.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large tracts of land multiwire proportional counter space electric field intensity distributions characteristics, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, the anodic wire spacing is 10mm, and die opening is 8mm;
(2) make the selection of material: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and various cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing that brass is material of take after machining is carried out to Ultrasonic Cleaning, putting into afterwards the copper passivating solution soaks 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3 times, after soaking 2 minutes at 40 ℃ of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 3 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: the anodic wire fixed leg is cleaned 3 times with ethanol, dry, and cementing in detector inside with high strength epoxy resin glue, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(5) entrance window is clean: remove and take titanium foil after raw-material entrance window remains in process surperficial micro-greasy dirt with the Henkel clean-out system, clean up oven dry with ethanol;
(6) anodic wire is clean: the anodic wire that is the gold-plated tungsten of 25 μ m with Henkel clean-out system immersion diameter 20 minutes, and remove anodic wire and remain in the surperficial lubricants such as paraffin in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: anodic wire is fixed on the anodic wire fixed leg, and seals the anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: by epoxy resin sealant and detector housing sealing for 10 μ m titanium foil entrance windows, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at the detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, in order to displace the air in the detector cavity, in venting process, the heated shell temperature remains on 50 ℃;
(10) sealing: first the detector gas outlet is sealed with hydraulic tongs, with rain glass, measure the detector air pressure inside, envelope air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, the last test property indices is: the long 240V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.1%/100V, be close to the entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 72.4%,
239pu efficiency is 35.2%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large tracts of land multiwire proportional counter space electric field intensity distributions characteristics, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, the anodic wire spacing is 30mm, and die opening is 10mm;
(2) make the selection of material: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and various cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing that brass is material of take after machining is carried out to Ultrasonic Cleaning, putting into afterwards the copper passivating solution soaks 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 5 times, after soaking 4 minutes at 60 ℃ of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 5 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: the anodic wire fixed leg is cleaned 5 times with ethanol, dry, and cementing in detector inside with high strength epoxy resin glue, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(5) entrance window is clean: remove and take titanium foil after raw-material entrance window remains in process surperficial micro-greasy dirt with the Henkel clean-out system, clean up oven dry with ethanol;
(6) anodic wire is clean: the anodic wire that is the gold-plated tungsten of 25 μ m with Henkel clean-out system immersion diameter 40 minutes, and remove anodic wire and remain in the surperficial lubricants such as paraffin in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: anodic wire is fixed on the anodic wire fixed leg, and seals the anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: by epoxy resin sealant and detector housing sealing for 10 μ m titanium foil entrance windows, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at the detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, in order to displace the air in the detector cavity, in venting process, the heated shell temperature remains on 70 ℃;
(10) sealing: first the detector gas outlet is sealed with hydraulic tongs, with rain glass, measure the detector air pressure inside, envelope air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, the last test property indices is the long 200V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.5%/100V, be close to the entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 73.5%,
239pu efficiency is 39.4%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large tracts of land multiwire proportional counter space electric field intensity distributions characteristics, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, the anodic wire spacing is 20mm, and die opening is 9mm;
(2) make the selection of material: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and various cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing that brass is material of take after machining is carried out to Ultrasonic Cleaning, putting into afterwards the copper passivating solution soaks 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 4 times, after soaking 3 minutes at 50 ℃ of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 4 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: the anodic wire fixed leg is cleaned 4 times with ethanol, dry, and cementing in detector inside with high strength epoxy resin glue, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(5) entrance window is clean: remove and take titanium foil after raw-material entrance window remains in process surperficial micro-greasy dirt with the Henkel clean-out system, clean up oven dry with ethanol;
(6) anodic wire is clean: the anodic wire that is the gold-plated tungsten of 25 μ m with Henkel clean-out system immersion diameter 30 minutes, and remove anodic wire and remain in the surperficial lubricants such as paraffin in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: anodic wire is fixed on the anodic wire fixed leg, and seals the anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: by epoxy resin sealant and detector housing sealing for 10 μ m titanium foil entrance windows, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at the detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, in order to displace the air in the detector cavity, in venting process, the heated shell temperature remains on 60 ℃;
(10) sealing: first the detector gas outlet is sealed with hydraulic tongs, with rain glass, measure the detector air pressure inside, envelope air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, the last test property indices is: the long 200V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.9%/100V, be close to the entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 71.5%,
239pu efficiency is 33.6%.
Claims (7)
1. one kind for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large tracts of land multiwire proportional counter space electric field intensity distributions characteristics, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, the anodic wire spacing is 10~30mm, and die opening is 8~10mm;
(2) make the selection of material: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and various cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing after machining is carried out to Ultrasonic Cleaning, putting into afterwards cleaning agents soaks 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3~5 times, after soaking 2~4 minutes by cleaning agents at 40~60 ℃ of temperature again, clean with distilled water flushing, then by cleaning agents, rinse 3~5 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: the anodic wire fixed leg is cleaned 3~5 times by cleaning agents, dry, and cementing in detector inside with fluid sealant, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(5) entrance window is clean: after remaining in surperficial micro-greasy dirt with cleaning agents removal entrance window in process, by cleaning agents, clean up, dry;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak anodic wire 20~40 minutes by cleaning agents, remove anodic wire and remain in surperficial lubricant in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: anodic wire is fixed on the anodic wire fixed leg, and with sealant sealing anodic wire fairlead;
(8) stickup of entrance window: by fluid sealant and detector housing sealing for entrance window, wait for that 12 hours glue is fully curing;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at the detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, in order to displace the air in the detector cavity, in venting process, the heated shell temperature remains on 50~70 ℃;
(10) sealing: first the detector gas outlet is sealed with hydraulic tongs, with rain glass, measure the detector air pressure inside, envelope air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described case material is brass.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described anodic wire is the gold-plated tungsten of 25 μ m.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described anodic wire fixed leg adopts the high-purity alpha-alumina pottery.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described entrance window is 10 μ m titanium foils.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described fluid sealant adopts epoxide-resin glue.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of for measuring the air-holding type large tracts of land proportional counter manufacture craft of α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that: described cleaning agents is ethanol, copper passivating solution, NaCl and NaOH mixing material or Henkel clean-out system.
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Cited By (4)
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CN103926615A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-16 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Two-pi multi-wire gas-flow proportional counter |
CN105629285A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-01 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Multifilament proportional counter |
CN109814145A (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2019-05-28 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | A kind of low adsorption large volume radgas measurement container |
TWI708927B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-11-01 | 行政院原子能委員會核能研究所 | Pressure-regulating large-area windowless airflow proportional counter |
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CN109814145A (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2019-05-28 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | A kind of low adsorption large volume radgas measurement container |
TWI708927B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-11-01 | 行政院原子能委員會核能研究所 | Pressure-regulating large-area windowless airflow proportional counter |
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