CN103487823B - Manufacturing process of closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear radiation detectors, and particularly relates to a manufacturing process of a closed-gas large-area proportional counter used for measuring alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: designing the shell of a detector, selecting manufacturing materials, cleaning and passivating the materials, assembling and fixing the shell of the detector, cleaning an incident window, cleaning and fixing anode wires, pasting the incident window, displacing gas, performing sealing, and finally testing all performance indexes. The manufacturing process is simple and feasible and does not need special equipment; the closed-gas large-area proportional counter manufactured through the manufacturing process is still virgin ground in domestic proportional counters; according to the finished closed-gas large-area proportional counter manufactured through the manufacturing process, the plateau length can reach 200V under the plateau slope of 5% per 100V, the efficiency of measuring a 90Sr-90Y beta radioactive source and a 239 Pu alpha radioactive source respectively in the mode of tightly attaching to the surface of the incident window is more than 70% and more than 30% respectively, counting life is not shorter than 1.0E12, and shelf-life is more than one year. Thus, the proportional counter can get rid of the limit on a gas cylinder and on the gas circuit facilities of the gas cylinder when used in the alpha and beta radioactive surface contamination; besides, from the point of view of technology and use, a closed-gas proportional detector has the advantages of both a solid state detector and a gas-flow proportional detector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear radiation detector field, being specifically related to a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination.
Background technology
Gas detector at present for large area α, beta activity surface monitoring mostly is flow-gas proportional counter.Compare solid probe and hold one's breath proportional counter, gas proportional counter has a significant technological deficiency: must provide new working gas (inert gas) in use continuously, this just requires to be equipped with the gas circuit facilities such as gas cylinder when technological design, limits the usable range of flow-gas proportional counter at α, beta activity surface monitoring.Such as: with the gas circuit facilities such as gas cylinder due to needs, in Portable alpha, beta activity surface pollution monitor table, few use gas proportional counter; The unevenness of such environmental effects gas flow also has larger impact to result of detection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in the measuring principle to gas proportional counter, make Material selec-tion, structural design, on the basis of technical study, by the design of detector housing, the selection of making material, clean, passivation, technological design and research, the assembling of parts, the determination etc. of fixed form provide a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
For measuring an air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large area multiwire proportional counter space electrical field characteristic distributions, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, anodic wire spacing is 10 ~ 30mm, and die opening is 8 ~ 10mm;
(2) selection of material is made: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing after machining is carried out Ultrasonic Cleaning, put into cleaning agents afterwards and soak 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3 ~ 5 times, after soaking 2 ~ 4 minutes at 40 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature by cleaning agents again, clean with distilled water flushing, then rinse 3 ~ 5 times by cleaning agents, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: by anodic wire fixed leg cleaning agents cleaning 3 ~ 5 times, dry, and cementing inner at detector with fluid sealant, wait for 12 hours, glue solidifies completely;
(5) entrance window is clean: after remaining in the micro-greasy dirt on surface with cleaning agents removal entrance window in process, clean up, dry by cleaning agents;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak anodic wire 20 ~ 40 minutes by cleaning agents, removes the lubricant that anodic wire remains in surface in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: be fixed on by anodic wire on anodic wire fixed leg, and with sealant sealing anodic wire fairlead;
(8) stickup of entrance window: entrance window fluid sealant and detector housing are sealed, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, to displace the air in detector cavity, in venting process, heated shell temperature remains on 50 ~ 70 DEG C;
(10) seal: first detector gas outlet hydraulic tongs is sealed, measure detector air pressure inside with rain glass, seal air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices.
Further, described case material is brass.
Described anodic wire diameter is 25 μm of gold-plated tungsten.
Described anodic wire fixed leg adopts high-purity alpha-alumina pottery.
Described entrance window thickness is 10 μm of titanium foils.
Described fluid sealant adopts epoxide-resin glue.
Described cleaning agents is ethanol, copper passivating solution, NaCl and NaOH mixing material and Henkel clean-out system;
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: technique simple possible, without the need to specific installation, the air-holding type large area proportional counter that this technique makes is still blank in domestic proportional counter, what utilize this technique to complete holds one's breath proportional counter under the plateau slope of 5%/100V, plateau length can reach 200V, is close to entrance window surface measurement radiator beta-ray
90sr-
90y, efficiency more than 70%, αsource
239pu efficiency is more than 30%, and the counting life-span is not less than 1.0E12, shelf-lifes more than 1 year.Thus make proportional counter in the use of α, beta activity surface contamination, break away from restriction to gas cylinder and gas circuit facility thereof, from technology and use angle, proportional detector of holding one's breath has the advantage of solid probe and gas proportional detector concurrently.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
For measuring an air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large area multiwire proportional counter space electrical field characteristic distributions, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, anodic wire spacing is 10mm, and die opening is 8mm;
(2) selection of material is made: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: will be that the detector housing of material carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning with brass after machining, put into copper passivating solution afterwards and soak 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3 times, after soaking 2 minutes at 40 DEG C of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 3 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: by anodic wire fixed leg ethanol purge 3 times, dries, cementing inner at detector with high strength epoxy resin glue, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(5) entrance window is clean: removing with titanium foil with Henkel clean-out system is after raw-material entrance window remains in the micro-greasy dirt on surface in process, clean with ethanol purge, dries;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak with Henkel clean-out system the anodic wire 20 minutes that diameter is 25 μm of gold-plated tungsten, remove anodic wire in process, remain in the lubricants such as surperficial paraffin;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: be fixed on by anodic wire on anodic wire fixed leg, and seals anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: be that 10 μm of titanium foil entrance window epoxy resin sealants and detector housing seal by thickness, wait for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, to displace the air in detector cavity, in venting process, heated shell temperature remains on 50 DEG C;
(10) seal: first detector gas outlet hydraulic tongs is sealed, measure detector air pressure inside with rain glass, seal air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices is: the long 240V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.1%/100V, is close to entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 72.4%,
239pu efficiency is 35.2%.
Embodiment 2
For measuring an air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large area multiwire proportional counter space electrical field characteristic distributions, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, anodic wire spacing is 30mm, and die opening is 10mm;
(2) selection of material is made: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: will be that the detector housing of material carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning with brass after machining, put into copper passivating solution afterwards and soak 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 5 times, after soaking 4 minutes at 60 DEG C of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 5 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: by anodic wire fixed leg ethanol purge 5 times, dries, cementing inner at detector with high strength epoxy resin glue, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(5) entrance window is clean: removing with titanium foil with Henkel clean-out system is after raw-material entrance window remains in the micro-greasy dirt on surface in process, clean with ethanol purge, dries;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak with Henkel clean-out system the anodic wire 40 minutes that diameter is 25 μm of gold-plated tungsten, remove anodic wire in process, remain in the lubricants such as surperficial paraffin;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: be fixed on by anodic wire on anodic wire fixed leg, and seals anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: be that 10 μm of titanium foil entrance window epoxy resin sealants and detector housing seal by thickness, wait for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, to displace the air in detector cavity, in venting process, heated shell temperature remains on 70 DEG C;
(10) seal: first detector gas outlet hydraulic tongs is sealed, measure detector air pressure inside with rain glass, seal air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices is the long 200V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.5%/100V, is close to entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 73.5%,
239pu efficiency is 39.4%.
Embodiment 3
For measuring an air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for α, beta activity surface contamination, comprise the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large area multiwire proportional counter space electrical field characteristic distributions, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, anodic wire spacing is 20mm, and die opening is 9mm;
(2) selection of material is made: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: will be that the detector housing of material carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning with brass after machining, put into copper passivating solution afterwards and soak 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 4 times, after soaking 3 minutes at 50 DEG C of temperature with NaCl and NaOH mixed solution again, clean with distilled water flushing, then use alcohol flushing 4 times, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: by anodic wire fixed leg ethanol purge 4 times, dries, cementing inner at detector with high strength epoxy resin glue, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(5) entrance window is clean: removing with titanium foil with Henkel clean-out system is after raw-material entrance window remains in the micro-greasy dirt on surface in process, clean with ethanol purge, dries;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak with Henkel clean-out system the anodic wire 30 minutes that diameter is 25 μm of gold-plated tungsten, remove anodic wire in process, remain in the lubricants such as surperficial paraffin;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: be fixed on by anodic wire on anodic wire fixed leg, and seals anodic wire fairlead with epoxide-resin glue;
(8) stickup of entrance window: be that 10 μm of titanium foil entrance window epoxy resin sealants and detector housing seal by thickness, wait for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, to displace the air in detector cavity, in venting process, heated shell temperature remains on 60 DEG C;
(10) seal: first detector gas outlet hydraulic tongs is sealed, measure detector air pressure inside with rain glass, seal air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices is: the long 200V of detector plateau curve, plateau slope 3.9%/100V, is close to entrance window surface measurement
90sr-
90y efficiency is 71.5%,
239pu efficiency is 33.6%.
Claims (7)
1., for measuring an air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for α, beta activity surface contamination, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) design of detector housing: according to large area multiwire proportional counter space electrical field characteristic distributions, determine detector internal anode silk spacing and die opening, anodic wire spacing is 10 ~ 30mm, and die opening is 8 ~ 10mm;
(2) selection of material is made: comprise detector housing material, anodic wire, anodic wire fixed leg, entrance window, fluid sealant and cleaning agents;
(3) clean, the passivation of material: the detector housing after machining is carried out Ultrasonic Cleaning, put into cleaning agents afterwards and soak 24 hours at normal temperatures, take out and use distilled water flushing 3 ~ 5 times, after soaking 2 ~ 4 minutes at 40 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature by cleaning agents again, clean with distilled water flushing, then rinse 3 ~ 5 times by cleaning agents, dry;
(4) assembling of detector housing is fixed: by anodic wire fixed leg cleaning agents cleaning 3 ~ 5 times, dry, cementing inner at detector with fluid sealant, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(5) entrance window is clean: after remaining in the micro-greasy dirt on surface with cleaning agents removal entrance window in process, clean up, dry by cleaning agents;
(6) anodic wire is clean: soak anodic wire 20 ~ 40 minutes by cleaning agents, removes the lubricant that anodic wire remains in surface in process;
(7) anodic wire is fixed: be fixed on by anodic wire on anodic wire fixed leg, and with sealant sealing anodic wire fairlead;
(8) stickup of entrance window: entrance window fluid sealant and detector housing are sealed, waits for that 12 hours glue solidifies completely;
(9) gas displacement: pass into P10 gas at detector air intake opening, ventilate 12 hours, to displace the air in detector cavity, in venting process, heated shell temperature remains on 50 ~ 70 DEG C;
(10) seal: first detector gas outlet hydraulic tongs is sealed, measure detector air pressure inside with rain glass, seal air intake opening when air pressure is 106Kpa, last test property indices.
2. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described case material is brass.
3. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anodic wire is diameter is 25 μm of gold-plated tungsten.
4. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anodic wire fixed leg adopts high-purity alpha-alumina pottery.
5. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described entrance window is thickness is 10 μm of titanium foils.
6. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fluid sealant adopts epoxide-resin glue.
7. a kind of air-holding type large area proportional counter manufacture craft for measuring α, beta activity surface contamination according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cleaning agents is ethanol, copper passivating solution, NaCl and NaOH mixing material or Henkel clean-out system.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103926615B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2016-05-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 2 π multifibres flow-gas proportional counters |
| CN105629285B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of multiwire proportional counter |
| CN109814145B (en) * | 2019-01-01 | 2022-11-29 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Low-adsorption large-volume radioactive gas measuring container |
| TWI708927B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-11-01 | 行政院原子能委員會核能研究所 | Pressure-regulating large-area windowless airflow proportional counter |
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