CN105628612A - Apparatus and method for inducing water release of clay confined aquifer by constant drawdown - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for inducing water release of clay confined aquifer by constant drawdown Download PDFInfo
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- CN105628612A CN105628612A CN201610073278.0A CN201610073278A CN105628612A CN 105628612 A CN105628612 A CN 105628612A CN 201610073278 A CN201610073278 A CN 201610073278A CN 105628612 A CN105628612 A CN 105628612A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/10—Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filament; Hygrometers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an apparatus and method for inducing water release of clay confined aquifer by constant drawdown, comprising: an unconfined aquifer sample loading barrel (1), a clay confined aquifer sample loading barrel (2) and a confined aquifer sample loading barrel (3) that are connected in succession from top to bottom; a retaining plate (6) for separating the clay confined aquifer sample loading barrel (2) and the confined aquifer sample loading barrel (3) is movably provided therebetween, a water incoming pipe is communicated with the sidewall of the top end of the confined aquifer sample loading barrel (3), and a water outgoing pipe (13) is communicated with the bottom end of the confined aquifer sample loading barrel (3). Through the apparatus and method provided by the invention, solved is the problem that in the traditional study on water release characteristics of a clay confined aquifer, it is not possible to effectively and actively control drawdown of adjacent confined aquifers and to measure the water release quantity of the clay confined aquifer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device and method of water, particularly relate to a kind of based in controlled artesian aquifer drawdown situation, bring out adjacent clay artesian aquifer and release experimental provision and the method for water, belong to subsoil water Detection Techniques field.
Background technology
Clay artesian aquifer refers to the water-bearing layer that penetrating power is extremely weak. Generally, clay artesian aquifer is considered a kind of special water barrier. But, when occurring more to flow, owing to the hydraulic gradient driving current is big and the cross-section of river very big (equal to clay artesian aquifer distribution) of infiltration occurs, therefore, the water yield that adjacent aquifers is exchanged by clay artesian aquifer is quite big, at this moment will be difficult to regard it as water barrier. Cohesive soil in unconsolidated sediment, in firm ground, crack is rare and the row of clay artesian aquifer can be included in narrow and small rock stratum (such as arenaceous shale, argillaceous siltstoue etc.). Simply, typical aquifer system is from top to bottom distributed as phreatic aquifer, clay artesian aquifer and artesian aquifer. When bottom artesian aquifer head reduces, the phreatic aquifer at top more will flow to clay artesian aquifer, thus bringing out argillic horizon to release water. Although this problem is paid close attention to widely, but in laboratory, how effectively controlling artesian aquifer drawdown, being still not solved by thus bringing out the problem that adjacent clay artesian aquifer releases water. At present, the problem at home and abroad releasing water for clay artesian aquifer, carry out more mechanism aspect research, but most experiments research can not effectively actively control artesian aquifer drawdown. Therefore, disclosure is a kind of determines drawdown and brings out clay artesian aquifer and release the device and method of water and be of great immediate significance.
Summary of the invention
It is controlled that the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of artesian aquifer drawdown, and drawdown that what clay artesian aquifer released that the water yield can survey determine is brought out clay artesian aquifer and released the device of water; Further, drawdown that what the present invention provided that a kind of head pressure ensureing phreatic aquifer and clay artesian aquifer remains unchanged determine is brought out clay artesian aquifer and is released the device of water; Further, the present invention provides one not only can effectively actively control artesian aquifer drawdown, brings out clay artesian aquifer and releases water, and clay artesian aquifer is released the water water yield and can be calculated the drawdown of determining of acquisition and bring out the method that clay artesian aquifer releases water.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterized in that: including: the phreatic aquifer sample being sequentially connected with from top to bottom loads cylinder, clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder, described clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loads and is movably set with the baffle plate for separating the two between cylinder, described artesian aquifer sample loads and is communicated with water inlet pipe on the top sidewall of cylinder, described artesian aquifer sample loads the bottom of cylinder and is communicated with outlet pipe, described water inlet pipe is provided with pressure-measuring pipe.
Described phreatic aquifer sample loads cylinder built with phreatic aquifer, and described clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder built with clay artesian aquifer, and described artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder built with artesian aquifer.
Described water inlet pipe is connected with constant flow water pump by mozzle.
Described phreatic aquifer sample loads the top end opening of cylinder by determining water head equipment water filling, described phreatic aquifer sample loads cylinder and clay artesian aquifer sample loads and is equidistantly arranged with some pressure-measuring pipe breach all from top to bottom on the lateral wall of cylinder, and described clay artesian aquifer sample loads and is provided with switch on the described pressure-measuring pipe breach of part on cylinder; Described phreatic aquifer sample loads the top, lateral wall of cylinder and is additionally provided with extensional mode valve.
Described baffle plate is plug plate washer, and described activity is set to described plug plate washer and is connected with the rotating switch being arranged at outside cylinder.
Described artesian aquifer sample load cylinder be connected to loaded filter further below, described loaded filter is tubular, and described outlet pipe is arranged on the sidewall of described loaded filter, and described loaded filter has the end.
Described pressure-measuring pipe breach is extensional mode pressure-measuring pipe breach.
The thickness of described plug plate washer is less than 10% of the clay artesian aquifer thickness in described clay artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder.
It is steel that described phreatic aquifer sample loads the material of cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder, and it is lucite that described clay artesian aquifer sample loads the material of cylinder.
The head of phreatic aquifer should remain unchanged.
A kind of determine drawdown bring out clay artesian aquifer release water device release water method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
S01, is sequentially connected with phreatic aquifer sample from top to bottom and loads cylinder, clay artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder;
S02, loads at clay artesian aquifer sample and installs plug plate washer between cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder;
S03, connection water inlet pipe on the top sidewall that artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder, load the bottom connection outlet pipe of cylinder at artesian aquifer sample, described water inlet pipe is provided with pressure-measuring pipe;
S04, opens described plug plate washer, makes clay artesian aquifer sample load cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loads and has hydraulic connection between cylinder; Measuring the head pressure of described pressure-measuring pipe, and be recorded as H1, now, described outlet pipe is closed mode;
S05, closes described plug plate washer, blocks clay artesian aquifer sample and loads the hydraulic connection between cylinder and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder; Opening described water inlet pipe, adopt constant flow water pump to load cylinder water filling with constant current speed to artesian aquifer sample at described water inlet pipe, meanwhile, outlet pipe is opened and is discharged water, and after the head of described pressure-measuring pipe is stable, now, the head pressure recording described pressure-measuring pipe is H2; And the flow recording outlet pipe is Q2;
S06, is then turned on described plug plate washer, and the flow now recording outlet pipe is Q3, then draw, it is Q3-Q2 that clay artesian aquifer sample loads the discharge of releasing of the clay artesian aquifer in cylinder; The drawdown of clay artesian aquifer is H1-H2.
H2 is less than H1.
The present invention installs plug plate washer in the relative water proof base plate position of clay artesian aquifer, block clay artesian aquifer with under cover the hydraulic connection of artesian aquifer; Artesian aquifer water filling is covered downwards so that it is head is less than the initial head of this clay artesian aquifer by constant flow water pump; After each water-bearing layer head is stable, open plug plate washer, make clay artesian aquifer with under cover artesian aquifer and recover hydraulic connection; Under cover twice head difference of artesian aquifer be bring out that clay artesian aquifer releases water determine drawdown head value, under cover outlet difference in flow bottom artesian aquifer be bring out that clay artesian aquifer releases water release the water yield.
Provided by the invention a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device and method of water, the drawdown of clay artesian aquifer is H1-H2, the discharge of releasing of clay artesian aquifer is Q3-Q2, makes artesian aquifer drawdown controlled, and clay artesian aquifer is released the water yield and can be surveyed; Whether the setting of pressure-measuring pipe breach, can the head pressure of visual inspection phreatic aquifer and clay artesian aquifer remain unchanged; The setting of plug plate washer, open and close twice head difference of plug plate washer be bring out that clay artesian aquifer releases water determine drawdown head value; When present invention mainly solves conventional research clay artesian aquifer Characteristic of releasing moisture, it is impossible to effectively actively control adjacent artesian aquifer drawdown, and the problem that clay artesian aquifer releases the water water yield cannot be measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 2, a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, including: sample Load System, water system, head measure system, argillic horizon settlement measurement system and loaded filter. Sample Load System is saved steel by two and a joint high intensity plexiglass cylinder forms. Water system includes: determine water head equipment 10 and constant flow water pump 12. Head is measured system and is made up of the glass pressure tube meter 9 of some internal diameter 20mm. Head is measured the pressure-measuring pipe 9 of system and is distributed on three joint samples loading cylinder side walls, and wherein, the phreatic aquifer sample of the superiors loads the pressure-measuring pipe breach 4 that on cylinder 1 sidewall, 11 extensional modes of distribution are round, each notch diameter 1cm, is used for installing pressure-measuring pipe 9. Middle clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder 2 sidewall 5 extensional mode breach of distribution. Bottom artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder side wall 2 extensional mode pressure-measuring pipe breach 4 of distribution, and arranges switch at 2 breach, and the setting of switch is primarily to and actively controls artesian aquifer drawdown. Clay artesian aquifer releases the water yield, calculates according to the turnover water yield conservation principle of artesian aquifer and obtains. Artesian aquifer sample at the bottom loads the water inlet of the artesian aquifer in cylinder 3, arranges high accuracy pressure-measuring pipe 9, in order to measure the head pressure of artesian aquifer. Wherein water inlet pipe is connected with constant flow water pump 12, and outlet pipe 13 is connected with water collector. Phreatic aquifer sample loads the top, lateral wall of cylinder 1 and is additionally provided with extensional mode valve 8.
The operating procedure of the present invention is:
(1) phreatic aquifer sample is loaded cylinder 1, clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder 2 and artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder 3 water and carries out saturated, and the water level that wherein phreatic aquifer sample loads in the phreatic aquifer in cylinder 1 arbitrarily sets by determining water head equipment 10.
(2) open baffle plate 6(and plug plate washer) rotating switch 5, make clay artesian aquifer that clay artesian aquifer sample loads in cylinder 2 with under cover artesian aquifer there is hydraulic connection, and treat that in the pressure-measuring pipe outside cylinder at different levels, head is stable.
(3) when constant flow water pump 12 is not turned on, the head pressure of the artesian aquifer top pressure-measuring pipe 9 below mensuration clay artesian aquifer, recording now the head pressure of pressure-measuring pipe 9 herein is H1.
(4) close the plug plate washer at relative water proof base plate place of clay artesian aquifer, block clay artesian aquifer with under cover the hydraulic connection of artesian aquifer.
(5) outlet pipe 13 of artesian aquifer top water inlet pipe and bottom below clay artesian aquifer is opened, water inlet pipe at top adopts constant flow water pump 12, with W1 flow velocity, artesian aquifer water filling below clay artesian aquifer, meanwhile, the outlet pipe 13 of bottom is opened and is discharged water, after the head of top pressure-measuring pipe 9 is stable, recording its head is H2, should ensure that H2 is less than H1.
(6) below record clay artesian aquifer, bottom artesian aquifer, the flow of outlet pipe 13 is Q2. Below clay artesian aquifer, the drawdown of artesian aquifer is H1-H2.
(7) the plug plate washer at the relative water proof base plate place of clay artesian aquifer is opened.
(8) flow recording outlet pipe 13 is Q3, and clay artesian aquifer is released the water yield and calculated acquisition by flow conservation principle, is Q3-Q2.
When utilizing loaded filter 7 anti-filter, outlet pipe 13 becomes water filling port.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that, for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water for one kind, it is characterized in that: including: the phreatic aquifer sample being sequentially connected with from top to bottom loads cylinder (1), clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder (3), described clay artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loads and is movably set with the baffle plate (6) for separating the two between cylinder (3), described artesian aquifer sample loads and is communicated with water inlet pipe on the top sidewall of cylinder (3), described artesian aquifer sample loads the bottom of cylinder (3) and is communicated with outlet pipe (13), described water inlet pipe is provided with pressure-measuring pipe (9).
2. according to claim 1 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterised in that: described water inlet pipe is connected with constant flow water pump (12) by mozzle (11).
3. according to claim 1 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterized in that: described phreatic aquifer sample loads the top end opening of cylinder (1) by determining water head equipment (10) water filling, described phreatic aquifer sample loads cylinder (1) and clay artesian aquifer sample loads and is equidistantly arranged with some pressure-measuring pipe breach (4) all from top to bottom on the lateral wall of cylinder (2), and described clay artesian aquifer sample loads and is provided with switch on the described pressure-measuring pipe breach (4) of part on cylinder (2); Described phreatic aquifer sample loads the top, lateral wall of cylinder (1) and is additionally provided with extensional mode valve (8).
4. according to claim 1 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterised in that: described baffle plate (6) is plug plate washer, and described activity is set to described plug plate washer and is connected with the rotating switch (5) being arranged at outside cylinder.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterized in that: described artesian aquifer sample load cylinder (3) be connected to loaded filter (7) further below, described loaded filter (7) is tubular, described outlet pipe (13) is arranged on the sidewall of described loaded filter (7), and described loaded filter (7) has the end.
6. according to claim 3 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterised in that: described pressure-measuring pipe breach (4) is extensional mode pressure-measuring pipe breach.
7. according to claim 4 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterised in that: the thickness of described plug plate washer loads 10% of clay artesian aquifer thickness in cylinder (2) less than described clay artesian aquifer sample.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water, it is characterized in that: it is steel that described phreatic aquifer sample loads the material of cylinder (1) and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder (3), it is lucite that described clay artesian aquifer sample loads the material of cylinder (2).
9. a kind of according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8 determine drawdown bring out clay artesian aquifer release water device release water method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
S01, is sequentially connected with phreatic aquifer sample from top to bottom and loads cylinder (1), clay artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder (3);
S02, loads at clay artesian aquifer sample and installs plug plate washer between cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder (3);
S03, connection water inlet pipe on the top sidewall that artesian aquifer sample loads cylinder (3), load bottom connection outlet pipe (13) of cylinder (3) at artesian aquifer sample, described water inlet pipe is provided with pressure-measuring pipe (9);
S04, opens described plug plate washer, makes clay artesian aquifer sample load cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loads and has hydraulic connection between cylinder (3); Measuring the head pressure of described pressure-measuring pipe (9), and be recorded as H1, now, described outlet pipe (13) is closed mode;
S05, closes described plug plate washer, blocks clay artesian aquifer sample and loads the hydraulic connection between cylinder (2) and artesian aquifer sample loading cylinder (3); Open described water inlet pipe, constant flow water pump (12) is adopted to load cylinder (3) water filling with constant current speed to artesian aquifer sample at described water inlet pipe, simultaneously, outlet pipe (13) is opened and is discharged water, after the head of described pressure-measuring pipe (9) is stable, now, the head pressure recording described pressure-measuring pipe (9) is H2; And the flow recording outlet pipe (13) is Q2;
S06, is then turned on described plug plate washer, and the flow now recording outlet pipe (13) is Q3, then draw, it is Q3-Q2 that clay artesian aquifer sample loads the discharge of releasing of the clay artesian aquifer in cylinder (2); The drawdown of clay artesian aquifer is H1-H2.
10. according to claim 9 a kind of determine drawdown and bring out the method that clay artesian aquifer releases water, it is characterised in that: H2 is less than H1.
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| CN201610073278.0A CN105628612B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | It is a kind of to determine drawdown and induce clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water to release water method |
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| CN201610073278.0A CN105628612B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | It is a kind of to determine drawdown and induce clay artesian aquifer and release the device of water to release water method |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN106501157A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-15 | 河海大学 | Scene determines the inner tube drawdown double-tube method of outer tube aquiclude hydrogeological parameter |
| CN106596372A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 河海大学 | In-situ double-tube outer tube method for determining aquitard consolidation coefficient and deformation lagging index |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106501157A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-15 | 河海大学 | Scene determines the inner tube drawdown double-tube method of outer tube aquiclude hydrogeological parameter |
| CN106596372A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 河海大学 | In-situ double-tube outer tube method for determining aquitard consolidation coefficient and deformation lagging index |
| CN106501157B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-07-12 | 河海大学 | Scene determines the inner tube drawdown double-tube method of outer tube aquiclude hydrogeological parameter |
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| CN105628612B (en) | 2018-05-25 |
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