CN105607128A - Geological fault detection method under hard and soft interbedded geological condition - Google Patents
Geological fault detection method under hard and soft interbedded geological condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN105607128A CN105607128A CN201511023723.4A CN201511023723A CN105607128A CN 105607128 A CN105607128 A CN 105607128A CN 201511023723 A CN201511023723 A CN 201511023723A CN 105607128 A CN105607128 A CN 105607128A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/44—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators and receivers in the same well
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a geological fault detection method under a hard and soft interbedded geological condition. The method comprises a step of arranging a detector and a trigger point in a roadway side under a hard and soft interbedded geological condition and obtaining detection data, a step of purifying the reflection slot wave in the detection data, carrying out speed extraction on the reflection slot wave to obtain the velocity profile of the reflection slot wave, carrying out offset superimposition on purified reflection slot wave data on the basis of the velocity profile of the reflection slot wave, and thus obtaining a geological profile. According to the method, in the hard and soft interbedded geological condition, through obtaining and processing the slot wave, the slot wave is used to detect a geological fault to carry out geological forecast, compared with the existing complex process of using reflection transverse and longitudinal wave processing, the detection method of the invention has the advantages that the slot wave purification is more simple, the geological construction of each profile in the geological fault is obtained after slot wave offset stacking, the distribution of the fault can be detected, the growth condition of geological hazards of karst, collapse column and the like in a two-dimensional space can be known, a detection result is accurate, and the range is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geological Prediction Technology field, tunnel (tunnel), be specifically related to oneGeological fault detection method under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions.
Background technology
Concentrate in the field of the main research at present of the method for forecasting advanced geology based on seismic wave and applicationIn the Tunnel Engineering in railway, highway and hydraulic engineering construction field.
The Liu Sheng of China Mining University east, in 2013, has proposed a kind of based on reflection slot wave signalAdvance Detection of Coal Roadway tomography method, the method is straight from time section by how much calculating meansConnect the time of advent of picking up reflection slot wave, thereby draw out the joint of six track datas, i.e. tomographyDevelopment position, convenient, easy advantage that it has, but the method can only provide the single of tomographyMileage information, can not provide occurrence and horizontal scale information (comes from the data imaging that there is no spaceProcess); And the method is only effective to tomography, for the geology disease of karst, karst collapse col umn and so on justCannot process.
The advance geologic prediction of the seismic wave routinely method of engineering field, processing procedure is aimed at reflectionCompressional wave and shear wave carry out, but in interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions, due to reflection groove wave velocityLow and the envelope duration is grown (generally between 60ms～220ms), causes in conventional requirementExploration context in reflected P-wave and shear wave be almost submerged in completely and there is the through of advantage energyIn slot wave, cannot directly take original processing mode to carry out. So, existing data processing sideMethod is not all suitable for the seismic wave Geological Prediction Technology under this geological conditions.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the deficiency existing in order to solve above-mentioned background technology, provides a kind ofGeological fault under the interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions that detection method is simple, result is accurate, scope is wideDetection method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditionsDetection method, by arranging wave detector and swashing in the tunnel lateral wall under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditionsSend out point, obtain detection data; From detection data, purify and reflect slot wave, reflection slot wave is carried outVELOCITY EXTRACTION obtains reflection groove wave propagation velocity section, right on this reflection groove wave velocity section basisReflection groove wave datum after purification is offset stack, thereby obtains geologic section.
Further, the method for arranging of described wave detector and shot point is: the distance palm in tunnelSub-face L1 rice arranges multiple wave detectors in interval successively, apart from last wave detector L2 ricePlace arranges a shot point, and all geophone stations and shot point are all arranged on apart from the high L3 of roadway floorThe inside of the lateral wall at rice.
Further, described wave detector is simple component or many components wave detector.
Further, from detection data, before purification reflection slot wave, first detection data is carried out in advanceProcess, remove the interfering signal in detection data.
Further, described wavelet filtering, bandpass filtering and the bag of passing through successively from detection dataNetwork computational methods are purified and are reflected slot wave.
Further, by broad sense diffraction theory or scattering theory, reflection groove wave propagation velocity is enteredRow extracts, and obtains reflection groove wave propagation velocity section.
The present invention in interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions, by obtain reflection slot wave and to reflection slot waveProcess, be used for surveying geological fault and carry out geologic prediction, compare existing employing reflected P-waveWith shear wave complex disposal process, this detection method slot wave is purified simpler, and is offset by slot waveAfter stack, obtain the geological structure of inner each section of geology, can not only survey the distribution feelings of tomographyCondition, also can know the developmental state of the geology such as karst, karst collapse col umn disease at two-dimensional space, surveysResult is accurate, scope is wide.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, justIn being well understood to the present invention, but they do not form restriction to the present invention.
Advance geologic prediction (GeologicalPrediction/Prospecting), refer to utilize variousMeans are surveyed the ground in the Rock And Soil excavation face front of the underground engineerings such as tunnel, tunnel, underground power houseMatter situation, tries hard to grasp Rock-soil Mass Structure, character, the state in front before construction, and groundThe geological information such as situation, crustal stress situation is deposited in the tax of lower water, gas etc., is further constructionProvide guidance, to avoid that water burst, Gas Outburst, rock burst, large occur in construction and operation processDistortion etc. geological disaster, ensures the safety of construction and carries out smoothly. The present invention is at interbedding of soft and hard rocksIn geological conditions, by obtaining slot wave and slot wave being processed, be used for surveying geological fault and enterRow geologic prediction. In low velocity layer (LVL), when earthquake-wave-exciting, the velocity ratio of country rock is higher, works as incidentWhen angle >=critical angle, the transmitted wave of top bottom interface is all limited near interface, the main energy of rippleAmount is limited in low velocity layer (LVL) inner face and does not distribute to country rock, and this low velocity layer (LVL) seems a ducting layer,This phenomenon, the waveguide phenomenon of seismic wave, also claims slot wave. When running into ripple in slot wave communication processThe wave field that impedance interface back reflection is returned, becomes reflection slot wave. The present invention adopts reflection groove exactlyRipple signal is offset the processing mode of stack, thereby obtains geologic section.
As shown in Figure 1, the geological fault detection method under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions of the present invention,First be to arrange wave detector and shot point in the lateral wall of the tunnel of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geology, obtain detectionData; From detection data, purify and reflect slot wave, reflection slot wave is carried out to VELOCITY EXTRACTION and obtain insteadPenetrate the velocity profile of slot wave, by this reflection groove wave velocity section basis to reflection groove wave numberObtain geologic section according to being offset overlap-add procedure. Detailed process is as follows:
1) at tunnel lateral wall internal placement wave detector and shot point, obtain detection data, protectingIn the situation that card shot point geophone station is Systems with Linear Observation, meet head on (face) to first by adjustmentIndividual wave detector distance, each geophone separation and shot point arrive most end wave detector apart from these three parameters,Obtain main reflection slot wave and the data of knowing that ripple better separates in time: apart from face L1First wave detector is laid at rice, and interval D L rice is laid a wave detector successively, settles altogetherN wave detector, N wave detector L2 rice of distance arranges a shot point, all detectionsSelect with shot point and be all arranged on the lateral wall apart from the high L3 rice of roadway floor, wave detector buried depth1.5 meters, 2.0 meters of shot point buried depths. Wave detector can adopt simple component or many components, and laying completesAfter carry out the collection of detection data, one-stop operation can all be carried out data acquisition by two lateral walls in tunnel.Wherein the conventional value of L1, L2, L3, DL and N is as follows respectively:
L1:3-8, is specifically as follows 4,5,6;
L2:4-16, is specifically as follows 6,8,10,12,14;
L3:1-3, is specifically as follows 1.0,1.5,2.0
DL:1-3, is specifically as follows 1.0,1.5,2.0.
2) after Data Gathering completes, detection data is carried out to pretreatment, cut by time-domainRemove the interfering signals such as direct wave in detection data except means such as, wavelet filterings, facilitate follow-upThe purification processes of reflection slot wave.
3), after detection data pretreatment completes, detection data is carried out successively wavelet filtering, is with and leads toFiltering and envelope computing, the reflection slot wave of purifying.
4) adopt broad sense diffraction theory or scattering theory to extract reflection groove wave propagation velocity, obtainObtain reflection groove wave propagation velocity section, the spread speed that reflects slot wave each position in geologic medium.
5) adopt the above-mentioned reflection groove wave velocity section obtaining to carry out the reflection groove wave datum of purifyingSkew overlap-add procedure, obtains final degree of depth geologic section, completes geology detecting. DataSkew superimposing technique (migrationandstacktechnique), refers to known speed modelIn situation, according to specific wave field communication theory, by the earthquake time-domain data-bias collectingPlayback is to geological space grid (migration process), and each grid has the stack of some time dataAccumulation forms (additive process), and finally forming us needs spatial domain geologic section.
It is known that the content not being described in detail in this description belongs to professional and technical personnel in the fieldPrior art.
Claims (6)
1. the geological fault detection method under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions, is characterized in that:In tunnel lateral wall under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions, arrange wave detector and shot point, obtain detectionData; From detection data, purify and reflect slot wave, reflection slot wave is carried out to VELOCITY EXTRACTION and obtain insteadPenetrate the velocity profile of slot wave, on this reflection groove wave velocity section basis to purify after reflection grooveWave datum is offset stack, thereby obtains geologic section.
2. the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions according to claim 1 is visitedSurvey method, is characterized in that: the method for arranging of described wave detector and shot point is: in tunnelApart from face L1 rice successively interval, multiple wave detectors are set, apart from last detectionDevice L2 rice arranges a shot point, and all geophone stations and shot point are all arranged on apart from tunnelThe inside of the lateral wall at the high L3 rice of base plate.
3. the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions according to claim 1 is visitedSurvey method, is characterized in that: described wave detector is simple component or many components wave detector.
4. the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions according to claim 1 is visitedSurvey method, is characterized in that: the reflection slot wave of purifying from detection data is before first to detection dataCarry out pretreatment, remove the interfering signal in detection data.
5. the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions according to claim 1 is visitedSurvey method, is characterized in that: described from detection data successively by wavelet filtering, the logical filter of bandRipple and envelope computational methods are purified and are reflected slot wave.
6. the geological fault under a kind of interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions according to claim 1 is visitedSurvey method, is characterized in that: the speed to reflection slot wave by broad sense diffraction theory or scattering theoryDegree extracts, and obtains reflection groove wave propagation velocity section.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106610503A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-03 | 北京中矿大地地球探测工程技术有限公司 | Omnidirectional slot wave seismic detection method in coal mine excavation process |
| CN108761532A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-06 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Coal mine work area fault predicting method |
| CN109343111A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of long range TBM tunnel rock burst micro seismic monitoring method under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106610503A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-03 | 北京中矿大地地球探测工程技术有限公司 | Omnidirectional slot wave seismic detection method in coal mine excavation process |
| CN108761532A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-06 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Coal mine work area fault predicting method |
| CN108761532B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2021-02-19 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Coal mine working face fault prediction method |
| CN109343111A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of long range TBM tunnel rock burst micro seismic monitoring method under interbedding of soft and hard rocks geological conditions |
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Application publication date: 20160525 |