CN105606842B - Flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device - Google Patents
Flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105606842B CN105606842B CN201610176894.9A CN201610176894A CN105606842B CN 105606842 B CN105606842 B CN 105606842B CN 201610176894 A CN201610176894 A CN 201610176894A CN 105606842 B CN105606842 B CN 105606842B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measurement device, which comprises a laser, a multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit, a multi-line forward scattering light collection unit, a reference unit and a detection unit, wherein the multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit is connected with the laser; the multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit comprises a half-wave plate, a cylindrical focusing lens and a cylindrical micro-lens array which are sequentially arranged along an emergent light path of the laser, a detection area of the multi-line laser probe is arranged on the emergent light path of the laser and close to the focus of the cylindrical focusing lens, a flow field to be measured flows through the detection area, and the direction of the flow field is obliquely arranged with the emergent direction of the laser; the multi-line forward scattering light collecting unit is a lens group which is obliquely arranged with the flow field direction; the reference unit comprises an incident beam splitter, a reflector and an emergent beam splitter, and the detection unit comprises a Fabry-Perot etalon and an ICCD camera which are arranged along a scattering light path. The invention obtains the transient two-dimensional velocity of the flow field by measuring the Doppler shift of the multi-line forward scattering light, and is suitable for diagnosing various flow field flow velocities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flow field velocity measuring device, in particular to a measuring device capable of obtaining a flow field transient two-dimensional velocity.
Background
The experiment and measurement of the engine combustion flow field are important links for engine development. At present, the aviation air-breathing engine technology is developing towards extreme combustion conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, high Mach number, high turbulence and the like, the conventional contact sensor measurement means cannot meet the test requirements, and the combustion flow field laser diagnosis method based on laser and spectrum becomes an important tool for quantitative measurement of engine combustion flow field experiments. In the diagnosis parameters of the combustion flow field of the engine, the temperature and the speed are two most basic parameters, and the total temperature of the flow field can be calculated by measuring the static temperature and the speed of the flow field, so that the information such as the combustion efficiency of the engine can be provided.
The Rayleigh Scattering (RS) technology is an optical measurement method based on the molecular elastic scattering of a flow field, and measures flow field parameters by using scattered light generated by flow field molecules. After a laser beam acts on the flow field molecules, the rayleigh scattering spectrum contains information such as the temperature, density and speed of the flow field. The deviation of the center wavelength of the rayleigh scattered light and the incident laser reflects the velocity information of the flow field. The shift is caused by the doppler shift effect, the doppler shift amount of the scattered light is small (GHz order), and a high-resolution interference spectrometer is required to be used for detection, wherein the fabry-perot etalon is used due to the simple structure, convenient application and high resolution. The Doppler frequency shift of the scattered light is measured through the etalon, and then the velocity component in one direction of the flow field is calculated through a relational formula of the Doppler frequency shift and the flow field velocity.
The relevant patent "an interference rayleigh scattering speed measuring device for flow field" at present, patent number: ZL201310477264.1, which achieves the effect that one set of devices can only measure multiple points of velocity components on one laser probe. The measurement of the whole velocity field needs to scan and measure the detection point, and is limited to the scanning speed and the laser output repetition frequency, and the scanning type two-dimensional measurement can only obtain the time-averaged velocity field information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of developing a flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device for measuring two-dimensional transient speed on the basis of a speed measuring device for detecting the Doppler frequency shift of flow field scattered light by an etalon, thereby saving the measurement cost and the measurement time.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measurement device comprises a laser, a multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit, a multi-line forward scattering light collection unit and a detection unit;
the laser is a continuous or pulse laser with narrow line width;
the multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit comprises a half-wave plate, a cylindrical focusing lens and a cylindrical micro-lens array which are sequentially arranged along an emergent light path of the laser and are used for generating the multi-line laser probe;
the detection area of the flow field is arranged on the emergent light path of the multi-line laser probe and close to the focus of the focusing lens, the flow field to be detected flows through the detection area, and the direction of the flow field and the emergent direction of the multi-line laser probe are obliquely arranged;
the multi-line forward scattering light collecting unit comprises lens groups which are arranged on two sides of the focal point of the focusing lens and are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with the emergent light path, and the lens groups are used for collecting the multi-line forward scattering light into the ICCD camera;
the detection unit comprises a Fabry-Perot etalon and an ICCD camera which are arranged along a scattered light collection optical path, scattered light is incident to the ICCD camera through the Fabry-Perot etalon, and the ICCD camera is connected with a computer for data processing.
The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device also comprises a reference unit, wherein the reference unit comprises an incident beam splitter, a reflector and an emergent beam splitter, and the incident beam splitter is arranged between the multi-line laser probe and a half-wave plate and a focusing lens of the flow field interaction unit and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with laser incident light; the emergent beam splitter is arranged in front of the Fabry-Perot etalon of the detection unit and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the scattered light; the incident beam splitter leads out the reference light, and the reference light enters the emergent beam splitter after being reflected by the reflector.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device, the lens group comprises a short-focus aspheric lens, a long-focus aspheric lens and a convex lens which are sequentially arranged along a scattering light path, the focus of the short-focus aspheric lens coincides with the detection area, and the focus of the long-focus aspheric lens coincides with the focus of the convex lens.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device, the Fabry-Perot etalon is a solid etalon.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device, an emergent light beam of the laser passes through the detection area and is absorbed by the absorption trap.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device, the inverse transmission ratio of the incident beam splitter and the emergent beam splitter is 100-1000: 1.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device, the inverse transmission ratio of the incident beam splitter and the emergent beam splitter is 500: 1.
In the flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measuring device, the scattered light collecting direction, the laser emitting direction and the flow field direction are all on the same plane, and the included angle between the laser emitting direction and the scattered light collecting direction is 90 degrees.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1. patent numbers: the patent of ZL201310477264.1 discloses that only one laser probe can obtain multiple point velocity components. The invention adopts a set of measuring device to measure the two-dimensional transient speed component. The multi-line Rayleigh scattering light with two-dimensional spatial resolution is generated by adopting a cylindrical lens and a cylindrical micro-lens array to interact with a flow field, and is collected into a detection light path and imaged on an ICCD after interference of an etalon. During data processing, interference signals of multi-line Rayleigh scattering light are fitted, and transient velocity components of different position points on a two-dimensional space are obtained.
2. The multi-line laser probe is a linear array point light source which focuses in two-dimensional directions, laser output by a laser is compressed and shaped into sheet laser in one direction after passing through a cylindrical focusing lens, the sheet laser passes through a cylindrical micro-lens array, each subunit is compressed and focused into multi-line focusing light in the other direction, and the optical power density at the focusing position is high, so that multi-line Rayleigh scattering signals are enhanced.
3. The speed measuring device can save measuring cost and measuring time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the multi-line laser probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the multi-line laser probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multiline interference loop obtained on an ICCD of the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1-a laser; 2-multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit; 3-multiline forward scattering light collecting unit; 4-a detection unit; 5-a reference cell; 6-half wave plate: 7-cylindrical focusing lens; 8-a light absorbing trap; 9 detecting the area; 10-short-focus aspheric lens; 11-tele aspheric lens; 12-a convex lens; 13-a fabry-perot etalon; 14-an incident beam splitter; 15-a reflector; 16 exit beam splitter; 17-an ICCD camera; 18-a computer; 19-ICCD lens; 20-ICCD photosensitive surface; 21-a cylindrical microlens array; 22-incident laser interference ring; 23-forward scattering frequency-shifted light interference spots; 24-forward scattered light frequency shift amount; 25-a multi-line laser probe; 26-laser output laser; 27-sheet laser.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a system composition diagram of a flow field multi-line interference rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device. The speed measurement system comprises a laser 1, a multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit 2, a multi-line forward scattering light collection unit 3, a detection unit 4 and a reference unit 5.
The laser 1 adopts a narrow linewidth continuous or pulse laser, and can adopt a tunable Nd: YAG laser locked by seed injection, and the double-frequency 532nm laser of the laser is used as incident light.
The multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit 2 comprises a half-wave plate 6, a cylindrical focusing lens 7 and a cylindrical micro-lens array 21 which are sequentially arranged along an emergent light path of a laser and are used for generating the multi-line laser probe 25, the multi-line laser probe 25 is a linear array point light source which is focused in two-dimensional directions, after the polarization direction of laser is adjusted by the half-wave plate 6, the laser is shaped into the multi-line laser probe 25 and is focused to the vicinity of a detection area 9 through the focusing lens 7 and the cylindrical micro-lens array 21, the signal obtained by the detection area 9 is stronger as the detection area is closer to a focus, and the emergent laser is finally absorbed by an absorption trap 8.
The multiline forward scattered light collection unit 3 includes a lens group at an inclination angle to the laser incident direction. The forward scattering light collecting unit 3 collects the multi-line forward scattering light of the flow field molecules by using a short-focus aspheric lens 10, refocuses the multi-line forward scattering light by using a long-focus aspheric lens 11, compresses and shapes the multi-line forward scattering light into parallel light with a smaller caliber by using a convex lens 12, and then enters a Fabry-Perot etalon 13 for detection.
The detection unit 4 comprises an ICCD17 and a computer 18, the interference ring being imaged by an ICCD lens 19 onto the photosensitive surface 20 of the ICCD, the image being finally recorded by the computer.
The reference unit 5 uses an incident beam splitter 14 to split a small part of laser light from an incident light source, and the laser light passes through a reflector 15, and then is coupled with scattered light shaped into parallel light through an emergent beam splitter 16, and enters the fabry-perot etalon 13. The splitting ratio of the beam splitter can be determined according to the field situation, so that the scattering light spot and the reference light interference ring on the ICCD can be clearly displayed, and the inverse ratio of the beam splitter to the transmission ratio can be selected to be 100-1000:1, the present invention preferably has 500: 1.
the reference light path unit is added, so that the scattering spots caused by the interference ring caused by the reference light in the static area and the scattering light in the flow field area are simultaneously recorded by the ICCD, the flow field speed is obtained by measuring the relative frequency shift of the interference ring and the scattering spot in the flow field area in real time, the influence of the jitter of the output wavelength of the laser on the detection frequency shift is eliminated, and the measurement precision is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, laser 26 output by the laser is compressed and shaped into a sheet laser 27 in one direction through the cylindrical focusing lens 7, and the sheet laser 27 is compressed and shaped into the multi-line laser probe 25 in the other direction through the cylindrical microlens array 21. The interval of each line of the multi-line laser probe 25 is related to the size of the sub-lens unit of the cylindrical micro-lens array 21, the number of the lines is related to the size of the laser spot emitted by the laser, and the typical value is that when the sub-lens unit of the cylindrical micro-lens array is 1mm and the output laser spot is 10mm, the maximum number of the lines of the multi-line laser probe is 10, and the interval is 1 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the reference light is coupled together with the scattered light shaped into parallel light through the exit beam splitter 16 via the reflector 15, and enters the fabry-perot etalon 13 to form a plurality of interference rings, while the multi-line scattered light forms two-dimensionally distributed interference spots close to the interference rings, and finally is imaged on the ICCD photosensitive surface 20 via the ICCD lens 19, and recorded and processed by the computer 18. According to the Doppler effect principle, when the flow field flow velocity is zero, the center of the interference spot is located on the circular line at the vertex of the interference ring and shifts towards the outside of the circular line along with the increase of the flow field flow velocity, so that the frequency shift delta ν of incident laser and scattered light corresponding to the interference ring can be obtained by measuring the shift of the center of one of the interference spots and the circular line at the vertex of the interference ring, and the flow field flow velocity flowing through the position can be further obtained through theoretical calculation. Different lines of the multi-line scattered light reflect flow field velocity information at different heights, and interference spots formed by interference of each line at specific positions reflect flow field velocity information at different transverse positions at the same height. The whole multi-line interference spot contains two-dimensional velocity information of the flow field.
Claims (7)
1. Flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering speed measurement device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a laser (1), a multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit (2), a multi-line forward scattered light collection unit (3) and a detection unit (4);
the laser (1) is a continuous or pulse laser with narrow line width;
the multi-line laser probe and flow field interaction unit (2) comprises a half-wave plate (6), a cylindrical focusing lens (7) and a cylindrical micro-lens array (21) which are sequentially arranged along an emergent light path of the laser and are used for generating the multi-line laser probe;
a detection area (9) of the flow field is arranged on the emergent light path of the multi-line laser probe and close to the focus of the cylindrical focusing lens (7), the flow field to be detected flows through the detection area (9), and the direction of the flow field and the emergent direction of the multi-line laser probe are obliquely arranged;
the multi-line forward scattering light collecting unit (3) comprises a lens group arranged on the front side of the focal point of a cylindrical focusing lens (7), and the lens group is used for collecting the flow field multi-line forward scattering light into the ICCD camera;
the device comprises a flow field interaction unit (2) and is characterized by further comprising a reference unit (5), wherein the reference unit (5) comprises an incident beam splitter (14), a reflector (15) and an emergent beam splitter (16), and the incident beam splitter (14) is arranged between a half-wave plate (6) and a cylindrical focusing lens (7) of the flow field interaction unit (2) and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with laser incident light; the emergent beam splitter (16) is arranged in front of a Fabry-Perot etalon (13) of the detection unit (4) and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with scattered light; the incident beam splitter (14) leads out the reference light, reflects the reference light by the reflector (15) and then enters the emergent beam splitter (16);
the detection unit (4) comprises a Fabry-Perot etalon (13) and an ICCD camera (17) which are arranged along a scattered light collection optical path, multi-line scattered light enters the ICCD camera (17) through the Fabry-Perot etalon (13), and the ICCD camera (17) is connected with a computer (18) for data processing;
laser (26) output by the laser passes through a cylindrical focusing lens (7), is compressed and shaped into sheet laser (27) in one direction, and the sheet laser (27) passes through a cylindrical micro-lens array (21) and is compressed in the other direction, and is shaped into a multi-line laser probe (25).
2. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the battery of lens include short burnt aspheric lens (10), long burnt aspheric lens (11) and convex lens (12) that set gradually along scattered light collection light path, the focus and the detection area (9) coincidence of short burnt aspheric lens (10), the focus of long burnt aspheric lens (11) and the focus coincidence of convex lens (12).
3. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the Fabry-Perot etalon (13) is a solid etalon.
4. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the emergent light beam of the laser (1) passes through the detection area (9) and then is absorbed by the absorption trap (8).
5. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the inverse transmission ratio of the incident beam splitter (14) to the emergent beam splitter (16) is 100-1000: 1.
6. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the inverse transmission ratio of the incident beam splitter (14) to the emergent beam splitter (16) is 500: 1.
7. The flow field multi-line interference Rayleigh scattering velocity measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the scattered light collection direction, the laser emission direction and the flow field direction are all on the same plane, and the included angle between the laser emission direction and the scattered light collection direction is 90 degrees.
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| CN114839393B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-04-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Arc-shaped divergent array speed measurement probe and speed measurement method |
| CN114814266B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-04-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Arc centripetal array speed measurement probe and speed measurement method |
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| CN1245894A (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Space three-dimensional flow field real-time measurement system |
| US20080043219A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-21 | United States Of America - The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Interferometric Rayleigh Scattering Measurement System |
| CN103558412A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-05 | 西北核技术研究所 | Interference Rayleigh scattering speed measurement device used for flow fields |
| CN104931725A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | Multi-point interference type rayleigh scattering-based speed measurement apparatus for flow field capable of simultaneously measuring two orthogonal components |
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- 2016-03-25 CN CN201610176894.9A patent/CN105606842B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1245894A (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Space three-dimensional flow field real-time measurement system |
| US20080043219A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-21 | United States Of America - The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Interferometric Rayleigh Scattering Measurement System |
| CN103558412A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-05 | 西北核技术研究所 | Interference Rayleigh scattering speed measurement device used for flow fields |
| CN104931725A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | Multi-point interference type rayleigh scattering-based speed measurement apparatus for flow field capable of simultaneously measuring two orthogonal components |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 基于检测分子瑞利散射光多普勒频移的流场多点速度测量;王晟 等;《中国激光》;20151031;第42卷(第10期);第1015002-1至1015002-7页 * |
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