CN105604664A - Vehicle emission remote monitoring system based on OBD (on-board diagnostics) detection data - Google Patents
Vehicle emission remote monitoring system based on OBD (on-board diagnostics) detection data Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle emission remote monitoring system based on OBD (on-board diagnostics) detection data. The system comprises a data processing unit, a network communicating unit and a remote monitoring client side. On the basis of a KWP 2000 protocol, data flow and a fault code communication algorithm of a data processing unit and an on-board ECU (electronic control unit) are completed, data flow and fault information, such as oxygen sensor signals, accelerated speed, engine loads, engine rotating speed, the fuel-injection quantity and the actual air-fuel ratio affecting an exhaust emission system are extracted, abnormality of the data flow and the system fault content are analyzed, related information is transmitted to the remote monitoring client side with a wireless communication technology, then the working state of a corresponding system part is recognized and diagnosed, and alarm information is sent to an on-board terminal according to the abnormal emission condition, so that vehicle traveling parameters are remotely monitored, and information is fed back.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle fault detection and maintenance field, relate to one and utilize vehicle fault detection, long-range numberReportedly the technology such as defeated, communication system control, carries out long-range for automotive emission, vehicle trouble information etc.Real-time parameter detects and fault message detects, thereby solves in time Vehicular system fault, management regulation driver'sDriving behavior, reduces emission from vehicles.
Background technology
The U.S. that onboard diagnostic system OBD-I is the earliest born in the eighties in 20th century, this system cannot be visitedSurvey the system unit failure problems of engine, and not Criterion DTC, communications protocol and diagnostic modeDeng. So OBD-11 system occurred in 1994, this system is mainly used in, for detecting emission problem, working as carWhen tail gas discharging pollutant exceedes the limit value of setting, the malfunction indicator lamp in meter panel of motor vehicle will be lighted warning.Although this system is very effective to emission monitoring, whether driver accepts warning and vehicle is keeped in repair, and isUnite still helpless, do not possess maintenance mandatory. Subsequently, OBD-III system is suggested, and this system is mainExpectation is the mandatory of specification driver maintenance, makes automobile detect, safeguard and discharges supervision and combine together, withMeet the requirement of Abgasgesetz and environmental protection.
The main purpose of OBD system monitoring is, by detecting vehicle DTC, traffic flow information, to follow the tracks ofThe power control system hidden danger such as three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system, therebyControl high emission vehicle.
In recent years, due to developing rapidly of China's urban automobile, and corresponding vehicular emission level of control phaseTo backwardness, meanwhile, supporting traffic infrastructure and traffic programme are managed the growth synchronized development of failing with vehicle,Cause the average speed of many big cities motor vehicle lower, many strategic roads are for a long time in saturation state, accelerate,The unfavorable operating modes such as deceleration, idling frequently occur, and cause vehicular discharge situation to allow of no optimist. For this reason, for controlling carExhaust emissions, ensures that vehicle reaches stable emission request in the process of moving, and China is with reference to European Emission markStandard, in succession proposes state III, state IV and is about to the state V discharge standard of implementing, by forcing on vehicleOnboard diagnostic system (OBD) is installed, is detected the emission level of automobile transmitter. But this embodiment alsoCan not well improve driver's driving behavior and the exhaust emissions of vehicle, still need to be by administrative department to user's carCarry out the emission status that regular annual test could limitation vehicle. Based on this, research and utilization wireless technology, far awayJourney detects and administrative skill, on the one hand will with emission from vehicles system related data flow, the long-range reality of fault messageTime be back to Surveillance center, make administrative department can understand in real time vehicle-state, will effectively meet its real-time andAmbulant active demand; Vehicular discharge abnormality, fault message are notified in time to driver simultaneously, hadHelp driver and find in time and get rid of vehicle safety hidden danger, form the consciousness of vehicle maintenance and maintenance management, rightEnsure normal vehicle operation situation, realize energy-saving and environmental protection, safe operation and enterprise information system management levelSignificant.
Summary of the invention:
The problems referred to above that exist for prior art, the invention provides a kind of vehicle that detects data based on OBDDischarge remote supervision system, on the basis of OBD detector, uses wireless communication technology to realize remote vehicleDetection and the management of discharge.
A vehicular discharge remote supervision system that detects data based on OBD, this system comprises data processing listUnit, network communication unit, remote monitoring client. Annexation between each several part as shown in Figure 1.
Data processing unit, comprises OBD transponder and data processor. Wherein, OBD transponder is for realExisting data processor is communicated by letter with vehicle-mounted OBD system; Data processor is for parameter extraction, data flow, eventBarrier discriminance analysis, engine exhaust system analysis, and by network communication unit, communication after treatment is arrivedMonitor client.
Network communication unit, adopts wireless network communication technique, and data processing unit and monitor client are set upTelecommunication, realizes the transmission of vehicle operation data and the enforcement of control strategy.
5 kinds of signals below processing between data processing unit and monitor client, transmitting:
A. data flow, failure code primary signal;
B. the discharge of the Transmission Control Protocol after Screening Treatment relevant parameter signal;
C. exhaust system aging, lost efficacy, discharge abnormal information;
D. abnormal warning feedback primary signal;
E. feedback alarm signal after treatment.
Wherein, a is data flow, the failure code presumptive instruction frame being extracted by data processing unit, and b is dataThree-way catalytic converter after processing unit processes, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system coherent signal,C is exhaust system fault content and discharge abnormal information, and d discharge exceedes the abnormal feedback primary signal of limit value, eFor data processing unit feedback alarm signal after treatment.
Terminal Server Client, comprises information management module and monitoring module. Wherein, data management module is for userInformation management, vehicle location inquiry, vehicle tracking, discharge exceed limit value and report to the police, record storage and inquiry etc.;Monitoring module is for real-time display monitoring vehicle subassembly system relevant discharge fault message and affect tail gas rowThe data flow of putting, and send supervisory instruction to car-mounted terminal.
The method of real-time that detects the vehicular discharge remote supervision system of data based on OBD, is characterized in thatComprise the following steps:
Step 1, data processing unit carries out Engine ECU parameter extraction;
Step 2, data processing unit carries out tail gas discharge system state analysis and fault diagnosis;
Step 3, utilizes network communication unit, and data after treatment data processing unit are sent to remote clientEnd;
Step 4, Terminal Server Client receives after information, real-time update content of parameter, storage relevant information.
In step 1, data processing unit carries out Engine ECU parameter extraction, comprise OBD transponder withTransmitter ECU initialize communications, transmitter ECU traffic flow information extracts, transmitter ECU DTC letterBreath extracts. Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) OBD transponder and transmitter ECU initialize communications, data link layer communication structure is as accompanying drawingShown in 2. Communication structure comprises: frame head, data bit and verification and. Wherein frame head comprises: Fmt represents linkThe protocol type that layer signal post adopts, Tgt represents OBD transponder device address, Src represents automobile engineThe address of ECU, and Len represents Data significance bit length; Data bit comprises: SID represents service identifiersSymbol and data content; Verification and CS represent the check bit of Frame. OBD transponder initialize communications and forwardingProcess is as accompanying drawing 3, and concrete grammar is as follows:
A) OBD transponder and ECU establish a communications link, and first executive system initialization operation, establishes automaticallyPut the parameters such as communication baud rate, check bit, time, detect the coded system of automobile ECU system etc.
B) request command that OBD transponder transmission SID is 0x81 and the link command of 0x3E, ECU returnsTo return SID be 0xC1, and response enters system, and return link order, communicates by letter successfully, waits data to be tested placeReason unit sends reading data flow or DTC signal mode.
C), after OBD transponder receives readout data signal pattern, automatically send the request letter of each patternNumber and pattern in PID request signal to ECU, and ECU signal is back to data processing unit.
(2) transmitter ECU traffic flow information extracts. This part, according to data flow read mode 21, is analyzedThe data pattern signal of replying from the request of OBD transponder, ECU, and assist according to ECU communications data frameView regulation and PID definition decomposite wherein useful data message.
Data flow reading command as shown in Figure 4. The first byte 83/8x presentation protocol is KWP2000 type(x represents 0-F, changes data bit length=8x-80 with data bit length), Tgt represents target groundLocation, Src represents source address, while sending instruction, byte 0x21 represents to send data flow SID, word when return instructionJoint 0x61 represents return data stream SID, and Parm1Parm2 represents data flow PID, X1X2 ... Xn representsThe parameter value that PID is corresponding, last byte Check represent verification and. Its data flow reads as 5, accompanying drawingShow, its concrete grammar is as follows:
A) first data processing unit sends reading data flow request command.
Whether b) detect data flow request instruction is asked pattern of traffic 21. The 1st word of data bitWhether joint SID is 0x21, and when detected pattern is during for asked pattern, this data command is effective,Carry out next step; Otherwise this data command is invalid, returns to step a and resend reading order.
C) whether detection data flow pid value is effective. What pid value reflected is content of parameter corresponding to this data flowWhat is, different pid values, the content of parameter difference of representative. The 2nd, 3 byte representation PID of data bitValue, if pid value is effective, carries out next step, otherwise, return to step a and resend reading order.
D) ECU data acquisition bus upper sensor data, packing parameters content is also returned. When ECU returns,The 1st byte of data bit should be 0x61, and the 2nd, 3 bytes should be pid parameter, and the 4th byte startsFor content of parameter corresponding to PID, according to sensor return data type, parameter size, shared byte is setLength.
(3) transmitter ECU DTC information extraction. This part, according to DTC read mode 58, is analyzedThe fault mode signal of replying from the request of OBD transponder, ECU, and assist according to ECU communications data frameView regulation decomposites useful fault message.
As shown in Figure 6, the first byte 84/8x presentation protocol is KWP2000 type to DTC reading command,Tgt represents destination address, and Src represents source address. While sending instruction, 0x18 represents that DTC sends SID,0x00 represents DTC solicited status, and 0xFF0x00 represents that DTC is the combination of a front high position, rear low level; ReturnWhile returning instruction, 0x58 represents that DTC returns to SID, and Num represents DTC number, X1X2 ... Xn every 3Position represent a DTC, last byte Check represent verification and. Its DTC reads as accompanying drawing 7Shown in, its concrete grammar is as follows:
A) first data processing unit sends read failure code request command.
Whether b) detect data flow request instruction is asked DTC pattern 18. The 1st of logarithmic data positionWhether byte SID is 0x18, and when detected pattern is during for asked pattern, this request instruction is effective,Carry out next step; Otherwise, return to step a and resend reading order.
C) whether detection failure code state is effective. Whether detect in read failure code state, i.e. data bitWhether the 2nd byte is 0x00, and if so, system exists fault, carries out next step; Otherwise system without reasonBarrier code, returns to step a and resends reading order.
D) detection failure code reading manner, i.e. the 3rd, 4 byte height states. General the 3rd byte is 0xFF,The 4th byte is 0x00, and fault is returned by order combination low after front height.
E) fault message on ECU data acquisition bus, packing parameters content is also returned. When ECU returns, numberThe 1st byte according to position should be 0x58, the 2nd byte representation DTC number, if system fault-free, shouldByte is 0; If there is fault in system, since DTC of the 3rd every 3 byte representations of byte,Until complete all faults.
Step 2, data processing unit carries out tail gas discharge system state analysis and fault diagnosis. Analyzing and processing shadowRehearse with musical accompaniment and put relevant data flow and DTC information, identifying and diagnosing exhaust system fault, and information after processing is beatenBag Frame sends to Terminal Server Client.
(1) data processing unit is received after return instruction, calculated data stream parameter value. The ginseng that data flow is returnedThe computational methods of numerical value are relevant with data parameters type, as accompanying drawing 4.
If state parameter (as open or close, be switched on or switched off, activation or un-activation etc.) represents Electronic Control systemThe duty of system element, the corresponding content of parameter of PID is only determined by a byte X1, expression method is as follows:
if(x1＝＝S1) y=' state 1'
elseif(x1＝＝S2) y=' state 2'
elseif(x1＝＝S3) y=' state 3'
……
Else' state n'
If the ginseng that numerical parameter (voltage, pressure, temperature, time, speed etc.) changes within the specific limitsNumber. The corresponding parameter of PID is determined by two bytes (X1X2) or four bytes (X1X2X3X4),Expression method is as follows:
y＝(x1*0x100+x2)*k+b
Or
y＝(x1*0x1000000+x2*0x10000+x3*0x100+x4)*k+b
(2) data processing unit is received return instruction, calculates the parameter value of PCBU DTC. DTC returnsThe reveal codes computational methods of returning, as shown in Figure 6, the fault of every 3 byte representations starting from X1Code, front 2 byte representation failure codes, the 3rd byte reaction DTC state. Its circular asShown in accompanying drawing 8. DTC selects the mode of PCBU to show, a wherein DTC of every three bytes composition,High two bit14-bit15 of the first two byte represent PCBU coded system, and bit0-bit13 represents failure code,The bit6 of last byte and bit5 represent DTC state.
DTC shows expression method:
if(x1<0x40)y＝P～HEX(x1*0x100+x2)
elseif(x1<0x80)y＝C～HEX((x1-0x40)*0x100+x2)
elseif(x1<0xc0)y＝B～HEX((x1-0x80)*0x100+x2)
elsey＝U～HEX((x1-0xc0)*0x100+x2)
(3) emission from vehicles system mode is analyzed and fault diagnosis. Analyze three-way catalytic converter, oxygen biographyExhaust system data flow, the DTC information such as sensor, engine fire, fuel system, the corresponding system of identifying and diagnosingSystem fault, aging and failure conditions.
Obtain conversion formula and DTC information below according to data processing unit (1), (2):
A) three-way catalytic converter monitoring: the deteriorated and inefficacy of three-way catalytic converter is to pass according to forward and backward oxygenSensor signal changes to reflect. The inefficacy of three-way catalytic converter and aging conditions are monitored following information:
Front/rear oxygen sensor voltage value (mV): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.2
Front/rear catalyst temperature (DEG C): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.1-273.14
When catalyst converter is normally worked, catalyst temperature in normal range (NR), front oxygen sensor voltage signal inBetween 0.1-0.9V, the voltage signal amplitude attenuation detecting through catalytic converter post oxygen sensor is fairly obvious;When catalytic converter occurs abnormal or breaks down, post oxygen sensor signal is with respect to front lambda sensor amplitude attenuationNot obvious, and can quote dependent failure code: P0420-P0424 or P0430-P0434; Inquiry failure cause:Contact matchmaker system purification usefulness is too low, lower than purification scope, connects Cat Catalytic Converter operating temperature too low etc.
B) lambda sensor monitoring: the working condition of lambda sensor can change according to the voltage signal of lambda sensorReflect. The inefficacy of lambda sensor and aging conditions are monitored following information:
Front/rear oxygen sensor voltage value (mV): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.2
The voltage signal of lambda sensor constantly changes between 0.1-0.9V under normal circumstances, if voltage existsBetween 0.1-0.5V, change, illustrate that gaseous mixture is excessively rare, if changed, gaseous mixture mistake is described between 0.5-0.9VDense, if motionless between 0.4-0.5V, illustrate that lambda sensor damages, and can quote dependent failure code:P0130-P0166; Inquiry failure cause: oxygen sensor signal low (height), react too slow, heating line fault,Overtension etc.
C) engine fire monitoring: engine fire is to come according to the variation of engine load and engine speedReflection. The following information of engine fire condition monitoring detects fire loss ratio:
Acceleration (m/s2)：y＝(x1*0x100+x2)*0.01
Speed (km/h): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.02
Engine load (%): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.0122
Engine speed (rmp): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.5
When engine single cylinder catches fire, engine speed fluctuation ratio is larger, and about 40rmp declines. Consider road jolt,The speed of a motor vehicle higher and anxious accelerate and the operating mode such as anxious deceleration under, also may cause engine speed generation larger fluctuation,In the time catching fire detection, first to judge acceleration, vehicle speed condition, only less at acceleration, the speed of a motor vehicleGenerally, and engine load variation is little, if now detect, engine speed has larger decline fluctuation, sentencesBe decided to be once and catch fire. If continue repeatedly to monitor this decline variable quantity, fire loss ratio exceedes certain limit value,ECU is judged to be engine fire, and can quote dependent failure code: P0301-P0312; Inquiry failure cause:1-12 cylinder once caught fire.
D) fuel system monitoring: the working condition of fuel system can be by detecting air inlet flow and oil spoutThe ratio of amount is that air-fuel ratio reflects. The following information of fuel system condition monitoring detects air-fuel ratio:
Air inlet flow (g/s): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.01
Actual fuel injection amount (g/s): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.02
The air-fuel ratio of the completing combustion of mist is 14.7 o'clock in theory, and exhaust emissions is minimum. Air inletAmount/actual fuel injection amount calculates actual mixing ratio, and the gaseous mixture that enters engine by control makes it to remainNear chemically correct fuel, fluctuate, if deviation is too large, cause data flow anomaly, and can quote dependent failure code:P0167-P0194; Inquiry failure cause: mixing ratio too rare (dense), fuel oil correction is bad, fuel oil temperature sensingDevice fault, pressure sensor failure etc.
In step 3, utilize network communication unit, data after treatment data processing unit are sent to long-range visitorFamily end. Network communication unit adopts the communication technology of GPRS or 3G network ICP/IP protocol, by data placeReason unit and the interconnection of remote monitoring client, realize engine three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, startMachine catches fire, the monitoring of fuel system relevant parameter and feedback transmission, and a～e signal in network service is carried out to letterBreath transmission is as follows with the process concrete grammar of information processing:
(1) first data processing unit extracts engine parameter information a, obtains after treatment parameter signal bPack and add frame head, sending to monitor client, suspending ECU parameter extraction, engine discharge shape simultaneouslyState is analyzed, in wait state.
(2) client is after signal b, and signal b is converted to human-computer interaction interface driving by clientInformation c, and judge whether engine discharge is abnormal, if note abnormalities, turns next step. Otherwise, go to step5。
(3) the feedback signal d of client configuration information c, packs and adds frame head, sends to corresponding numberAccording to processing unit.
(4) data processing unit receives after d signal, unpacks and is packaged as signal e by OBD transponderSend to ECU, control and light malfunction indicator lamp, give a warning to car owner, and notify car owner to take as early as possible to arrangeExecute and deal with problems.
(5) data processing unit is original state again.
In step 4, Terminal Server Client receives after information, real-time update content of parameter, storage relevant information.
Information management module exceedes limit value for subscriber information management, vehicle location inquiry, vehicle tracking, dischargeReport to the police, record storage and inquiry etc. Its functional analysis is as follows:
A) subscriber information management: multi-user management function, can multi-zone supervision user, click vehicle with mouseIcon, just can obtain the database data of this vehicle immediately.
B) position enquiring: monitor client operator can inquire about each car particular location at any time, travel speed,Travel direction, engine associated components state, vehicular discharge index etc., and show on computers immediately.
C) vehicle tracking: monitor client can carry out Continuous Tracking to net interior multiple vehicle simultaneously, and will follow the tracks ofResult deposit record, in order to inquiry in the future.
D) discharge exceedes limit value warning: monitor client can be emission limit of set vehicle, once carThe middle discharge of travelling exceedes limit value, will automatic alarm prompting, and notice need to arrive maintenance factory to car owner's vehicle and entersRow fault diagnosis and reparation. Meanwhile, this car team is entered to key monitoring object, irregularly vehicle is monitored to sightExamine, notify relevant department to give suitable punishment to disobeying the car owner of management.
E) record storage and inquiry: discharge is exceeded standard or data flow anomaly, the too much vehicle of DTC, databaseRunning data that can this car of autostore, and enquiry of historical data information at any time, according to vehicular discharge andSituation is irregularly monitored it in violation of rules and regulations.
Monitoring module is for monitoring in real time three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel systemRelated data flow and fault message, and will discharge abnormal conditions and send warning message to car-mounted terminal.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) data processing unit, for engine exhaust system state analysis, calculates according to traffic parameter valueMethod and fault handling method, analyzing influence three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel oilThe related data flow of system and fault message, obtain the working condition of associated components. The knot of data flow and DTCClose to analyze and effectively raise the reliable analysis of exhaust system components aging and inefficacy and accurately judgement.
(2) Terminal Server Client can be realized the inquiry to owner information and historical record problem, can chase after in real timeTrack vehicle, obtain vehicle position information, and can Real-Time Monitoring three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, startMachine catches fire, fuel system related data flow and fault message, and diagnostic system is abnormal, to discharge exceed standard, system thereforeBarrier vehicle sends warning etc., to ensure normal vehicle operation, to realizing energy-saving and environmental protection, safety traffic state toolPlay an important role.
(3) set up client and data place taking GPRS or 3G network ICP/IP protocol as network communication unitThe transfer of data of reason unit, will discharge related data flow, the long-range prison that is back in real time of fault message with Vehicle Driving CycleControl center, makes administrative department can understand in real time vehicle running state, will effectively meet its real-time and mobilityActive demand; Vehicular discharge abnormality, fault message are notified in time to driver simultaneously, contributed to driveThe person of sailing is found in time and is got rid of vehicle safety hidden danger, forms the consciousness of vehicle maintenance and maintenance management, to ensureing carNormal travel conditions, realize energy-saving and environmental protection, safe operation and enterprise information system management level and have heavilyWant meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system involved in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is OBD data link layer communication structure involved in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is OBD transponder initialize communications and repeating process involved in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is reading data flow instruction description figure involved in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is data flow read method flow chart involved in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is read failure code instruction description figure involved in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is DTC read method flow chart involved in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is PCBU DTC algorithm demonstration figure involved in the present invention;
Fig. 9 is grid signal of communication transfer process figure involved in the present invention;
Figure 10 is remote monitoring client composition block diagram involved in the present invention;
Figure 11 is System Implementation flow chart involved in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, invention detailed description of the invention is described further:
A vehicular discharge remote supervision system that detects data based on OBD, is characterized in that comprising: dataProcessing unit, network communication unit, remote monitoring client. Annexation between each several part is as accompanying drawing 1Shown in.
Wherein, data processing unit, comprises OBD transponder, data processor. OBD transponder is for realExisting data processor is communicated by letter with vehicle-mounted OBD system; Data processor is for parameter extraction, data flow, eventBarrier discriminance analysis, engine exhaust system analysis, and by network communication unit, communication after treatment is arrivedMonitor client.
OBD transponder, interface adopts the 16 pin OBD diagnosis joints that meet SAE standard, can pass through KLine or CAN agreement are communicated by letter with vehicle motor ECU, obtain and forward the data command on vehicle bus;Data processor adopts STM32 chip microcontroller Data Management Analysis, GPS module to realize and follows the tracks of vehicle locationInformation and wireless communication module are realized remote data transmission.
Network communication unit, the communication technology of employing GPRS or 3G network ICP/IP protocol, by data placeReason unit and monitor client are set up telecommunication, realize the relevant discharge of Engine ECU in Vehicle Driving Cycle processThe transmission of parameter and the enforcement of control strategy.
5 kinds of signals below processing between data processing unit and monitor client, transmitting:
A. data flow, failure code primary signal;
B. the discharge of the Transmission Control Protocol after Screening Treatment relevant parameter signal;
C. exhaust system aging or lost efficacy, discharge abnormal information;
D. abnormal warning feedback primary signal;
E. feedback alarm signal after treatment.
Terminal Server Client, comprises information management module and monitoring module. Data management module is for user profile pipeReason, vehicle location inquiry, vehicle tracking, discharge exceed limit value and report to the police, record storage and inquiry etc.; Monitoring mouldPiece discharges fault message and affects the number of exhaust emissions for real-time display monitoring vehicle subassembly system is relevantAccording to stream, and send administration order to car-mounted terminal, control driving vehicle.
Detect the vehicular discharge remote supervision system of data based on OBD, need the support of following software:
(1) VS2008 software platform is installed, design MFC client end interface, and it is public to load ECU communicationFunction library altogether, realizes communication and algorithm and shows.
(2) at monitor client, SQLServer2008 software platform is installed, storage and inquiring user data,Fault message etc.
(3) network communication unit between OBD transponder and Terminal Server Client adopts ICP/IP protocol,The programming of VS2008 software platform realizes the network service based on ICP/IP protocol, various data flow, fault messageDeng all transmitting in TCP/IP mode.
(4) by data flow, DTC algorithm, analyze data flow, the DTC of discharge related system, pointAnalyse diagnosis vehicle tail gas discharge system state.
The method of real-time that detects the vehicular discharge remote supervision system of data based on OBD, is characterized in thatComprise the following steps:
Step 1, data processing unit carries out Engine ECU parameter extraction. Concrete grammar is as accompanying drawing 2-accompanying drawingShown in 7.
First according to OBD transponder shown in accompanying drawing 3 and transmitter ECU initialize communications and data flow and eventBarrier code repeating process, initializes system. Secondly according to OBD data link as shown in Figure 2Layer communication structure form can obtain data flow instruction transformat and DTC command form, as accompanying drawing 4,Shown in accompanying drawing 6. Again according to the traffic parameter extracting method flow process shown in accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 7 and DTC ginsengNumber extracting method flow process, calculates corresponding traffic parameter and DTC information.
Step 2, data processing unit carries out tail gas discharge system state analysis and fault diagnosis.
(1) with reference to the accompanying drawings 4 and accompanying drawing 5 obtain after traffic parameter, distinguish state parameter and numerical parameter,Then respectively according to conversion formula calculating parameter state corresponding to parameter or parameter size.
(2) with reference to the accompanying drawings 6 and accompanying drawing 7 obtain after DTC information, aobvious according to the algorithm of DTC shown in Fig. 8Show expression method, can obtain corresponding failure code, and the DTC storehouse of storing in automatic Query Database,Obtain corresponding fault content.
(3) obtain traffic parameter content and fault message, analyzing influence exhaust emissions according to (1), (2)Three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, degree of aging and the failure conditions of fuel system.
Step 3, utilizes network communication unit, and exhaust system parameter information after treatment data processing unit is sent outDeliver to Terminal Server Client. Concrete method flow diagram as shown in Figure 9.
Step 4, Terminal Server Client receives after information, real-time update content of parameter, storage relevant information.
Information management module can be realized subscriber information management, vehicle location inquiry, vehicle tracking, row on the one handPut and exceed limit value warning, record storage and inquiry etc. Monitoring module can be monitored three-element catalytic in real time on the other handConverter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system related data flow and fault message, and will discharge differentReason condition sends warning message to car-mounted terminal. Concrete structure as shown in Figure 10.
Figure 11 is System Implementation flow chart of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a vehicular discharge remote supervision system that detects data based on OBD, is characterized in that: this system comprises dataProcessing unit, network communication unit, remote monitoring client;
Wherein, data processing unit, comprises OBD transponder, data processor; OBD transponder is used for realizing data placeReason device is communicated by letter with vehicle-mounted OBD system; Data processor is for parameter extraction, data flow, Fault Identification analysis, engineExhaust system analyze, and by network communication unit by communication after treatment to monitor client;
Network communication unit, adopts wireless network communication technique, and data processing unit and monitor client are set up to telecommunication,Realize the transmission of vehicle operation data and the enforcement of control strategy;
5 kinds of signals below processing between data processing unit and monitor client, transmitting:
A. data flow, failure code primary signal;
B. the discharge of the Transmission Control Protocol after Screening Treatment relevant parameter signal;
C. exhaust system aging, lost efficacy, discharge abnormal information;
D. abnormal warning feedback primary signal;
E. feedback alarm signal after treatment;
Wherein, a is data flow, the failure code presumptive instruction frame being extracted by data processing unit, and b is data processing unit placeThree-way catalytic converter after reason, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system coherent signal, c is in exhaust system faultHold and discharge abnormal information, d discharge exceedes the abnormal feedback primary signal of limit value, and e is data processing unit feedback after treatmentAlarm signal;
Terminal Server Client, comprises information management module and monitoring module; Data management module is for subscriber information management, vehiclePosition enquiring, vehicle tracking, discharge exceed limit value and report to the police, record storage and inquiry etc.; Monitoring module is for showing in real time prisonControl vehicle subassembly system is relevant discharges fault message and affects the data flow of exhaust emissions, and sends management to car-mounted terminalOrder, controls driving vehicle.
2. a vehicular discharge remote supervision system method for real-time monitoring that detects data based on OBD, is characterized in that, shouldMethod comprises the following steps:
Step 1, data processing unit carries out Engine ECU parameter extraction;
Step 2, data processing unit carries out tail gas discharge system state analysis and fault diagnosis;
Step 3, utilizes network communication unit, and data after treatment data processing unit are sent to Terminal Server Client;
Step 4, Terminal Server Client receives after information, real-time update content of parameter, storage relevant information.
3. a kind of vehicular discharge remote supervision system based on OBD detection data according to claim 2 is monitored in real timeMethod, is characterized in that, in step 1, data processing unit carries out Engine ECU parameter extraction, comprises OBD transponderWith transmitter ECU initialize communications, transmitter ECU traffic flow information extracts, the information extraction of transmitter ECU DTC;Concrete grammar is as follows,
(1) OBD transponder and transmitter ECU initialize communications, concrete grammar is as follows:
A) OBD transponder and ECU establish a communications link, first executive system initialization operation, Lookup protocol communication baudThe parameters such as rate, check bit, time, detect the coded system of automobile ECU system etc.;
B) request command that OBD transponder transmission SID is 0x81 and the link command of 0x3E, it is 0xC1 that ECU returns to SIDResponse enter system, and return link order, communicates by letter successfully, wait data processing unit to be detected send reading data flow orDTC signal mode;
C), after OBD transponder receives readout data signal pattern, automatically send request signal and the pattern of each patternIn PID request signal to ECU, and ECU signal is back to data processing unit;
(2) transmitter ECU traffic flow information extracts, and concrete grammar is as follows:
A) first data processing unit sends reading data flow request command;
Whether b) detect data flow request instruction is asked pattern of traffic 21; Whether the 1st byte SID of data bitFor 0x21, when detected pattern is during for asked pattern, this data command is effective, carries out next step; Otherwise, shouldData command is invalid, returns to step a and resends reading order;
C) whether detection data flow pid value is effective; What pid value reflected is what content of parameter corresponding to this data flow be, noSame pid value, the content of parameter difference of representative; The 2nd, 3 byte representation pid values of data bit, if pid value is effective,Carry out next step, otherwise, return to step a and resend reading order;
D) ECU data acquisition bus upper sensor data, packing parameters content is also returned; When ECU returns, data bitThe 1st byte should be 0x61, and the 2nd, 3 bytes should be pid parameter, and the 4th byte starts the parameter corresponding for PIDContent, arranges shared byte length according to sensor return data type, parameter size;
(3) transmitter ECU DTC information extraction, concrete grammar is as follows:
A) first data processing unit sends read failure code request command;
Whether b) detect data flow request instruction is asked DTC pattern 18; The 1st byte SID of logarithmic data position isNo is 0x18, and when detected pattern is during for asked pattern, this request instruction is effective, carries out next step; Otherwise,Return to step a and resend reading order;
C) whether detection failure code state is effective; Whether detect in read failure code state i.e. the 2nd of data bit the byteWhether is 0x00, there is fault in system if so,, carries out next step; Otherwise system fault-free code, returns to step a againSend reading order;
D) detection failure code reading manner, i.e. the 3rd, 4 byte height states; General the 3rd byte is 0xFF, the 4th byteFor 0x00, fault is returned by order combination low after front height;
E) fault message on ECU data acquisition bus, packing parameters content is also returned; When ECU returns, the 1st of data bitIndividual byte should be 0x58, the 2nd byte representation DTC number, if system fault-free, this byte is 0; If system existsFault, since DTC of the 3rd every 3 byte representations of byte, until complete all faults.
4. a kind of vehicular discharge remote supervision system based on OBD detection data according to claim 2 is monitored in real timeMethod, is characterized in that, step 2, and data processing unit carries out tail gas discharge system state analysis and fault diagnosis; AnalyzeProcess relevant data flow and the DTC information of impact discharge, identifying and diagnosing exhaust system fault, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) data parameters type difference, the computational methods of traffic parameter value are divided into state parameter and numerical parameter, and calculating is retouchedState as follows:
If state parameter (as opened or closed, be switched on or switched off, activation or un-activation etc.) represents electronic control system elementDuty, the corresponding content of parameter of PID is only determined by a byte X1, expression method is as follows:
if(x1＝＝S1) y=' state 1'
elseif(x1＝＝S2) y=' state 2'
elseif(x1＝＝S3) y=' state 3'
……
Else' state n'
If the parameter that numerical parameter (voltage, pressure, temperature, time, speed etc.) changes within the specific limits; PIDCorresponding parameter is by two bytes (X1X2) or four bytes (X1X2X3X4) decision, and expression method is as follows:
y＝(x1*0x100+x2)*k+b
Or
y＝(x1*0x1000000+x2*0x10000+x3*0x100+x4)*k+b
(2) step 2 extraction X1X2X3 represents a DTC, returns to PCBU reveal codes computational methods as follows:
X1X2 represents failure code, and wherein bit13-bit0 represents failure code; Bit15bit14 represents PCBU coding:
00:P, reflection power assembly system dependent failure
01:C, reflection chassis fault
10:B, reflection vehicle body fault
11:U, reflection network system failures
X3 reaction DTC state, wherein bit6bit5 reaction DTC state:
01: historical failure
11: work as prior fault
DTC shows expression method:
if(x1<0x40)y＝P～HEX(x1*0x100+x2)
elseif(x1<0x80)y＝C～HEX((x1-0x40)*0x100+x2)
elseif(x1<0xc0)y＝B～HEX((x1-0x80)*0x100+x2)
elsey＝U～HEX((x1-0xc0)*0x100+x2)
(3) emission from vehicles system mode is analyzed and fault diagnosis; Analyze three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, startExhaust system data flow, the DTC information such as machine catches fire, fuel system, identifying and diagnosing correspondence system fault, aging and inefficacySituation;
Obtain conversion formula and DTC information below according to data processing unit (1), (2):
A) three-way catalytic converter monitoring: the deteriorated and inefficacy of three-way catalytic converter is to become according to forward and backward oxygen sensor signalChange and reflect; The inefficacy of three-way catalytic converter and aging conditions are monitored following information:
Front/rear oxygen sensor voltage value (mV): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.2
Front/rear catalyst temperature (DEG C): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.1-273.14
When catalyst converter is normally worked, catalyst temperature is in normal range (NR), and front oxygen sensor voltage signal is in 0.1-0.9VBetween, the voltage signal amplitude attenuation detecting through catalytic converter post oxygen sensor is fairly obvious; When catalytic converter occursAbnormal or break down, post oxygen sensor signal is not obvious with respect to front lambda sensor amplitude attenuation, and can quote dependent failureCode: P0420-P0424 or P0430-P0434; Inquiry failure cause: contact matchmaker system purification usefulness is too low, lower than purificationScope, connects Cat Catalytic Converter operating temperature too low etc.;
B) lambda sensor monitoring: the working condition of lambda sensor can change to reflect according to the voltage signal of lambda sensor; OxygenThe inefficacy of sensor and aging conditions are monitored following information:
Front/rear oxygen sensor voltage value (mV): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.2
The voltage signal of lambda sensor constantly changes between 0.1-0.9V under normal circumstances, if voltage is between 0.1-0.5VChange, illustrate that gaseous mixture is excessively rare, if changed, gaseous mixture overrich is described between 0.5-0.9V, if 0.4-0.5V itBetween motionless, illustrate that lambda sensor damages, and can quote dependent failure code: P0130-P0166; Inquiry failure cause: oxygen passesSensor signal low (height), reacts too slow, heating line fault, overtension etc.;
C) engine fire monitoring: engine fire is to reflect according to the variation of engine load and engine speed; StartThe machine following information of condition monitoring of catching fire detects fire loss ratio:
Acceleration (m/s2)：y＝(x1*0x100+x2)*0.01
Speed (km/h): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.02
Engine load (%): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.0122
Engine speed (rmp): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.5
When engine single cylinder catches fire, engine speed fluctuation ratio is larger, and about 40rmp declines; Consider that road jolts, the speed of a motor vehicle is higher,And anxious accelerate and the operating mode such as anxious decelerations under, also may cause engine speed generation larger fluctuation, in the time catching fire detection, headFirst will judge acceleration, vehicle speed condition, only less at acceleration, the speed of a motor vehicle is general, and engine load changes notGreatly, if now detect, engine speed has larger decline fluctuation, is judged to be once to catch fire; Repeatedly monitor if continuedThis decline variable quantity, fire loss ratio exceedes certain limit value, and ECU is judged to be engine fire, and can quote dependent failureCode: P0301-P0312; Inquiry failure cause: 1-12 cylinder once caught fire;
D) fuel system monitoring: the working condition of fuel system can be by the ratio that detects air inlet flow and distributive valueAir-fuel ratio reflects; The following information of fuel system condition monitoring detects air-fuel ratio:
Air inlet flow (g/s): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.01
Actual fuel injection amount (g/s): y=(x1*0x100+x2) * 0.02
The air-fuel ratio of the completing combustion of mist is 14.7 o'clock in theory, and exhaust emissions is minimum; Air inlet amount/actual fuel injectionAmount is calculated actual mixing ratio, and the gaseous mixture that enters engine by control fluctuates near making it to remain at chemically correct fuel,If deviation is too large, causes data flow anomaly, and can quote dependent failure code: P0167-P0194; Inquiry failure cause: mixedComposition and division in a proportion too rare (dense), fuel oil correction is bad, fuel temperature sensor fault, pressure sensor failure.
5. a kind of vehicular discharge remote supervision system based on OBD detection data according to claim 2 is monitored in real timeMethod, is characterized in that, utilizes network communication unit in step 3, and data after treatment data processing unit are sent to farJourney client; Realize engine three-way catalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system relevant parameterMonitoring and feedback transmission, the process concrete grammar that a～e signal in network service is carried out to communication and information processing is as follows:
(1) first data processing unit extracts engine parameter information a, obtains after treatment parameter signal b and packs and addFrame head, sends to monitor client, suspends ECU parameter extraction, the analysis of engine emissions status, in wait state simultaneously;
(2) client is after signal b, and signal b is converted to human-computer interaction interface running information c by client, andJudge whether engine discharge is abnormal, if note abnormalities, turns next step; Otherwise, go to step (5);
(3) the feedback signal d of client configuration information c, packs and adds frame head, sends to corresponding data processing unit;
(4) data processing unit receives after d signal, unpack and be packaged as signal e by OBD transponder to send to ECU,Malfunction indicator lamp is lighted in control, gives a warning, and notify car owner to take measures as early as possible to deal with problems to car owner;
(5) data processing unit is original state again.
6. a kind of vehicular discharge remote supervision system based on OBD detection data according to claim 2 is monitored in real timeMethod, is characterized in that, step 4 medium-long range client is after information, and real-time update content of parameter, stores relevant letterBreath; Terminal Server Client comprises information management module and monitoring module; Information management module is for subscriber information management, vehicle positionPut that inquiry, vehicle tracking, discharge exceed that limit value is reported to the police, record storage and inquiry etc.; Monitoring module is for monitoring in real time ternaryCatalytic converter, lambda sensor, engine fire, fuel system related data flow and fault message, and will discharge abnormal feelingsCondition sends warning message to car-mounted terminal.
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| CN112134942A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 北京市生态环境监测中心 | Data quality detection device and method for heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platform |
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| CN112943430A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Control method and system for reducing solid particle emission and storage medium |
| CN113417728A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-21 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Rack aging time calculation and aging test method for palladium-ruthenium formula catalyst |
| CN113900425A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-07 | 柳州赛克科技发展有限公司 | Method and system for reading and analyzing fault information of controller |
| CN113900425B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2024-02-27 | 柳州赛克科技发展有限公司 | Method and system for reading and analyzing fault information of controller |
| ES2939907A1 (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-27 | Motoblockchain S L | Vehicle monitoring system (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| WO2023073266A1 (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-04 | Motoblockchain S.L. | Vehicle supervision system |
| CN114625111A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-14 | 北斗星通智联科技有限责任公司 | Vehicle state monitoring method and system |
| CN114622974B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-23 | 山东新凌志检测技术有限公司 | Intelligent detection and diagnosis system and method for motor vehicle exhaust |
| CN114622974A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | 山东新凌志检测技术有限公司 | Intelligent detection and diagnosis system and method for motor vehicle exhaust |
| CN117682000A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-03-12 | 延边大学 | Power-assisted vehicle fault detection method and device based on vehicle speed analysis |
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