CN105602278A - 一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN105602278A
CN105602278A CN201610058564.XA CN201610058564A CN105602278A CN 105602278 A CN105602278 A CN 105602278A CN 201610058564 A CN201610058564 A CN 201610058564A CN 105602278 A CN105602278 A CN 105602278A
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俞杏英
姚晨华
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用，所述化合物的结构如式I所示：制备方法采用重氮化、偶合反应方式制备。本发明单独应用于制备分散染料或者与其他染料单体组成染料组合物制备分散染料。本发明制备工艺简单，成本低，用于制备得到的染料，具有重现性好、耐摩擦色牢度、耐水洗色牢度、光照牢度、提升力好的特点。

Description

一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于非离子型染料领域，特别涉及一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
分散染料是一类水溶性较低的非离子型染料。分散染料最早用于醋酯纤维的染色，称为醋纤染料。随着合成纤维的发展，锦纶、涤纶相继出现，尤其是涤纶，由于具有整列度高，纤维空隙少，疏水性强等特性。该纤维要在高温、热溶下使纤维膨化，染料才能进入纤维并上染。随着合成纤维的发展，人们对染料也提出了新的要求，以往的染料具有应用缺陷，例如上染率低，牢度难以让人接受等。为了提升染料的水洗等各项牢度，已经开发了多种新型染料。
专利WO9520014、WO2005056690和WO2008049758中公开了一系列连接2-氧代烷基酯取代的偶氮分散染料，具有优异耐洗性和极佳耐升华性。然而，就染料特性而言，同时满足染料的提升力和各项牢度指标，仍然存在技术难点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物及其制备方法和应用，该化合物制备工艺简单，成本低，用于制备得到的染料，具有重现性好、耐摩擦色牢度、耐水洗色牢度、光照牢度、提升力好的特点。
本发明的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物，所述化合物的结构如式I所示：
本发明的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将3,5-二硝基溴苯、亚硝酰硫酸及硫酸混合，升温至20～30℃搅拌2～4小时，待反应完毕加入氨基磺酸处理，得到重氮化液；
(2)向上述重氮化液中加入冰搅拌，在5℃以下加入式III化合物，搅拌反应2-3小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，得到式II化合物；其中，式III化合物的结构式为
式II化合物的结构式为
(3)将上述式II化合物和氰化亚酮加入DMF中，升温至80～85℃，搅拌反应1～2小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，即得蓝色分散染料单体化合物。
所述化合物单独应用于制备分散染料或者与其他染料单体组成染料组合物制备分散染料。组合物是指根据印染颜色需要，将本发明式I化合物和其他染料单体以任意比例组合。所述的组合物还可以含有助剂。组合物可应用用于不同颜色的印染。
所述分散染料的制备方法具体为：将化合物与助剂按质量比1:0.8-5在水或润湿剂的存在下混合均匀并研磨，然后进行喷雾干燥，即得。
所述助剂为分散剂、扩散剂、表面活性剂中的一种或两种。
所述助剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、烷基耐磺酸甲醛缩合物、苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐中的一种或两种。例如NNO、MF、CNF、Reax85A。
所述蓝色分散染料应用于对疏水性材料或混纺材料进行染色或印花。
所述疏水性材料或混纺材料为醋酯纤维、棉、尼龙、聚酯纤维、腈纶、羊毛或氨纶。
所述疏水性材料或混纺材料可以是丝状，散纤维，纱或机织或针织织物的形式。
所述的分散染料可采用普通浸染法、轧染法印染，也可用于直接印花。所述的印染方法为本领域常规方法。
有益效果
本发明制备工艺简单，成本低，用于制备得到的染料，具有重现性好、耐摩擦色牢度、耐水洗色牢度、光照牢度、提升力好的特点。
附图说明
图1为式(I)化合物制得的分散染料的提升力曲线；
图2为式(I)化合物的H1-NMR谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
反应方程式如下：
(1)将式(V)化合物24.7g、15g亚硝酰硫酸和45g的硫酸混合，升温至20℃搅拌2小时，待反应完毕，加入氨基磺酸处理，获得式(IV)所示的重氮化液。
(2)向上述重氮化液中加入200g冰，搅拌，在5℃以下缓缓加入式(III)化合物26g，5℃以下搅拌反应2小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，获得式(II)所示化合物。
(3)将上述式(II)化合物50g和1.8g氰化亚酮加入20mlDMF中，升温至80℃，搅拌反应1小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，得约36g式(I)化合物。熔点：170℃。H1-NMR(氘代DMSO)谱图见图2。
实施例2
将式(I)化合物30g和MF70g加水混合后，用研磨机研磨分散，然后进行喷雾干燥，获得深蓝色染料。
实施例3
各取2.0g实施例2制得的分散染料，用水分别配成浓度为2g/L的分散染料悬浮液，取2ml与8ml的水混合，用醋酸调节染浴pH为5，然后升温至60℃，同时分别放入2g如下表所示的纤维材料进行高温高压染色，30分钟内升温到130℃，保温30分钟，冷却，取样。检测上染率。并分别按照国标有关规定测试实施例2的耐摩擦色牢度、耐水洗色牢度、光照牢度和提升力。
如下表所示，应用本发明化合物制得的分散染料在耐摩擦色牢度、耐水洗色牢度和提升力上都显著优于现有技术。图1体现了实施例1所示化合物制得的分散染料具有良好的提升力。
表1
表2

Claims (8)

1.一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式I所示：
2.一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将3,5-二硝基溴苯、亚硝酰硫酸及硫酸混合，升温至20～30℃搅拌2～4小时，待反应完毕加入氨基磺酸处理，得到重氮化液；
(2)向上述重氮化液中加入冰搅拌，在5℃以下加入式III化合物，搅拌反应2-3小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，得到式II化合物；其中，式III化合物的结构式为式II化合物的结构式为
(3)将上述式II化合物和氰化亚酮加入DMF中，升温至80～85℃，搅拌反应1～2小时，过滤，水洗，干燥，即得蓝色分散染料单体化合物。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述化合物单独应用于制备分散染料或者与其他染料单体组成染料组合物制备分散染料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述分散染料的制备方法具体为：将化合物与助剂按质量比1:0.8-5在水或润湿剂的存在下混合均匀并研磨，然后进行喷雾干燥，即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述助剂为分散剂、扩散剂、表面活性剂中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述助剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、烷基耐磺酸甲醛缩合物、苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐中的一种或两种。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述分散染料应用于对疏水性材料或混纺材料进行染色或印花。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种蓝色分散染料单体化合物的应用，其特征在于：所述疏水性材料或混纺材料为醋酯纤维、棉、尼龙、聚酯纤维、腈纶、羊毛或氨纶。
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