CN105581222A - Making method of non-thermal physical freshness-retaining whole sweet potato powder - Google Patents
Making method of non-thermal physical freshness-retaining whole sweet potato powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105581222A CN105581222A CN201510966458.7A CN201510966458A CN105581222A CN 105581222 A CN105581222 A CN 105581222A CN 201510966458 A CN201510966458 A CN 201510966458A CN 105581222 A CN105581222 A CN 105581222A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23L3/44—Freeze-drying
Abstract
The invention relates to making method of non-thermal physical freshness-retaining whole sweet potato powder. The problems that whole sweet potato powder made in the prior art is short in refreshing time and poor in taste, color, luster and nutritive value are solved. According to the technical scheme, phenolic substances in sweet potatoes are extracted out through a supercritical CO2 extraction method, and the whole sweet potato powder is obtained by conducting smashing, pulp grinding, drying, sterilizing and vacuum packaging. It is shown through a large number of experiments that the storage period of the processed sweet potato powder is greatly prolonged, and the processed sweet potato powder is good in color, fragrance and taste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food manufacturing field, be specifically related to a kind of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping Ipomoea batatas completeThe preparation method of powder.
Background technology
Ipomoea batatas has another name called sweet potato, pachyrhizus, sweet potato etc., is overgrowing property of Convolvulaceae sweet potato genus herbaceous plant.Ipomoea batatas is not only rich in starch and soluble sugar, dietary fiber, amino acid, vitamin, mineralThe nutriments such as element, also contain and multiplely can safeguard blood acid-base balance, prevent AtherosclerosisChange, the functional active components of anti-aging, prevention diabetes and fat disease in advance, comprise flavonoidsThe volatile chemical component such as compound and linolenic acid and trypsase activator and inhibitorDeng. Therefore, there is high nutrition and medical value, have the good reputation of " life prolonging food ". WithThe adjustment of Industry Structure and the variation of people's dietary structure, fully realize Ipomoea batatas processing profitWith present situation, try to explore Ipomoea batatas product development and seem particularly important.
The deep processing of Ipomoea batatas can improve the economic benefit of Ipomoea batatas, but its fresh-keeping problem is tired alwaysA difficult problem for difficult Ipomoea batatas deep processing, existing correlative study person develops multiple Ipomoea batatas antistaling process, for example:Chinese Patent Application No. CN201210044901.1 " a kind of sweet potato can preparation method ", inState number of patent application CN200810151098.5 " a kind of Ipomoea batatas anti-corrosive fresh-keeping composition " etc.Deng. Research contents is all with traditional heat sterilization, then carries out the canned mode of vacuum or goes outAfter enzyme, use the mode of chemical substance immersion treatment, carry out fresh-keeping to Ipomoea batatas. But, heating powerThe mode of sterilization inevitably can cause as color, mouthfeel and nutritive value the quality of Ipomoea batatasImpact, also there is food security potential problem in chemical substance immersion treatment.
Summary of the invention
To the object of the invention is in order solving the problems of the technologies described above, to provide one to protect for a long timeFresh and keep color and luster, mouthfeel and the nutritive value of sweet potato whole powder non-heating power physical fresh-keeping Ipomoea batatasThe preparation method of full powder.
Technical solution of the present invention is: pass through supercritical CO2The method of extraction is by the phenols in Ipomoea batatasMaterial extracts, then carry out fragmentation, defibrination, dry, sterilization final vacuum packaging put obtain redThe full powder product of potato.
Described supercritical CO2When extraction, using ethanol as entrainer.
Described Ipomoea batatas is carrying out supercritical CO2When extraction, carry out ultrasonic concussion with strengthening extractionEffect.
Further, above-mentioned preparation method can comprise the following steps:
(1) section: Ipomoea batatas selected, after cleaning is cut into the thin slice of 5～10mm;
(2) soak: above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices is immersed in ultra-pure water, to completely cut offOxygen;
(3) supercritical CO2Superization concussion when extraction: pack sweet potato slices into barrel, soAfter put into and in extraction kettle, carry out supercritical CO2Extraction, controlling extraction temperature is 38～42 DEG C, extractionPressure power 9～14MPa, 38～42 DEG C of separation temperatures, extraction time 30～60min, CO2Flow6～10L/min, entrainer is the ethanolic solution of molar fraction 3～6%, consumption is by being taken Ipomoea batatas15～20% of tablet quality; At supercritical CO2When extraction, sweet potato slices is carried out to ultrasonic concussionWith strengthening extraction effect;
(4) fragmentation: use fiberizer to wear into centrotheca the sweet potato slices after extraction, expectedSlurry;
(5) colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to particle diameter with colloid mill is0.090mm～0.150mm, obtains wet sweet potato whole powder;
(6) freeze drying: the sweet potato whole powder that will wet carries out freeze drying, makes dried Ipomoea batatasFull powder water content is down to 7%～9% (w/w), then uses PE polybag will carry out vacuum packaging;
(7) the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60Co-gamma-rays carries out vacuum-packed sweet potato whole powderAfter radiation treatment, secondary vacuum is packed and be get final product.
In described step (3), the supersonic frequency of controlling described ultrasonic concussion is 15～20KHz,Ultrasonic power is 160～200W.
In described step (4), in the described paste mill grinding process of use, add mass fractionThe ethanolic solution of 30%-50%, consumption is 20～30% of taken sweet potato slices quality.
In described step (6), control drying chamber pressure 120～150Pa, temperature of heating plate is40～45 DEG C, rate of temperature fall is-0.2～-0.4 DEG C/min.
In described step (7), the cold sterilization dose of irradiation is 7～10kGy.
In step of the present invention (3), utilize supercritical CO2Extraction process can be by sweet potato slicesAldehydes matter extract, thereby can reduce Ipomoea batatas brown stain, protection powder process after sweet potato whole powderColor and luster; Selected extraction temperature is 38～42 DEG C, and temperature is selected the too high heat that not only can causeThe destruction of quick property nutritional labeling, and select higher temperature can improve to a certain extent overcriticalCO2Extracting power, cause the loss of Ipomoea batatas product nutrient substances; Selected extracting pressureBe 9～14MPa, extracting pressure improves the not only anti-pressure ability proposition requirements at the higher level to equipment, andAnd can improve supercritical CO2Extracting power, cause Ipomoea batatas product nutrient substances run off; SelectedThe extraction time of selecting is 30～60min, and extraction time is unsuitable long, but will meet Ipomoea batatas and the utmost pointThe supercritical CO of strong penetration2Fully contact, makes supercritical CO2Can penetrate Ipomoea batatas deep layer;Selected CO2Flow is 6～10L/min, and the selection of flow is excessive, both can cause CO2WaveTake, also can improve to a certain extent supercritical CO2Extracting power, cause the nutrition of Ipomoea batatas productThe loss of material, but too low CO2Aldehydes matter poor effect in flow extraction Ipomoea batatas.
Entrainer selects ethanol can further improve the effect of extracting of aldehydes matter, preferably usesThe ethanolic solution of molar fraction 3～6%, consumption is 15～20% of taken sweet potato slices quality, mistakeHow can cause the loss of Ipomoea batatas product nutrient substances, very few to the aldehydes matter effect in extraction Ipomoea batatasFruit is not good.
Further, inventor surprisingly finds under study for action, at supercritical CO2When extractionCarry out ultrasonic concussion and can significantly improve supercritical CO2The effect of separating phenols material, preferably ultrasonicFrequency is 15～20KHz, and ultrasonic power is 160～200W, too high supersonic frequency and power meetingUltrasonic device is proposed to higher requirement, and can cause Ipomoea batatas product nutrient substances to run off, too lowSupersonic frequency and power to supercritical CO2The lifting of extracting power is not remarkable.
In the defibrination process of step (4), added ethanol, the volatilization of ethanol can be taken away heat,Ensure that broken defibrination carries out at low temperature, avoid the heat producing in broken defibrination process to destroy redHeat-sensitive substance in potato slip, the preferably ethanolic solution of service property (quality) mark 30%-50%, consumptionFor 20～30% of taken sweet potato slices quality. The surplus ethanol not volatilizing in shattering process is coldFreeze in dry run and also can easily be removed.
In step (6), adopt freeze drying to substitute traditional heating power dry with red except dryingThe moisture content of the full powder of potato, adopts freeze drying can make in Ipomoea batatas vitamin and linoleic acid etc. thermo-labileOxidizable composition can be retained as far as possible, by reducing moisture, also can suppress micro-Biological growth, extends storage period.
(1) use the processing mode of non-heating power, can be good at protecting the thermal sensitivity in Ipomoea batatasComposition, the original flavor of maintenance food, the nutritive value of raising sweet potato whole powder. (2) whole preparation workIn skill process, do not use chemical substance immersion treatment, the food security of having avoided chemical substance to bringPotential problem. (3) ultrasonic concussion and supercritical CO2Extraction is synchronously carried out, super than simple useCritical CO2Extraction can more extract aldehydes matter in Ipomoea batatas, further effectively reducesIpomoea batatas brown stain, ensured that the color and luster of sweet potato whole powder is stable. (4) adopt freeze drying processing,In Ipomoea batatas, the thermo-labile oxidizable composition such as vitamin and linoleic acid can be retained as far as possible, logicalCross reduction moisture, also can suppress microbial growth, extend storage period. (5) through spokeAccording to cold sterilization, kill the microorganism of the inside, thereby reach the object of better keeping fresh and protecting color. (6)Sweet potato whole powder prepared by the inventive method cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1～5 DEG C of condition can reach more than 90 days,Its color and luster, mouthfeel and nutritive value are effectively guaranteed, and have wide market application foreground.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
(1), select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 10mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated Ipomoea batatas, be immersed in ultra-pure water, to completely cut offOxygen.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle and carry outSupercritical CO2Extraction, slective extraction temperature is 42 DEG C, 14MPa, separation temperature 42 are pressed in extractionDEG C, extraction time 60min, CO2Flow 10L/min, entrainer is the ethanol of molar fraction 6%Solution usage is 20% of taken Ipomoea batatas quality; Carry out ultrasonic concussion enhanced supercritical CO simultaneously2Extraction process, supersonic frequency is 20KHz, ultrasonic power is 200W.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 50%, consumption is red by being taken30% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to colloid mill0.110mm, obtains wet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 120Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 45 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.4 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder water contentBe down to 7%～9% (w/w), then use the packing of PE polybag, every packaging 100g, then carries out trueEmpty package.
(9), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold bactericide of irradiationAmount is 10kGy.
(10), carry out external packing: use the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of aluminium foil bag to above-mentioned processingCarry out vacuum packaging, and in packaging, put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidierPouch.
(11), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Embodiment 2
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 7mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated Ipomoea batatas, be immersed in ultra-pure water, to completely cut offOxygen.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle and carry outSupercritical CO2Extraction, slective extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, extracting pressure 12MPa, separation temperature39 DEG C, extraction time 45min, CO2Flow 7L/min, entrainer is molar fraction 4.5%Ethanolic solution, consumption is 17% of taken Ipomoea batatas quality; Carry out ultrasonic concussion strengthening super simultaneouslyCritical CO2Extraction process, supersonic frequency is 17KHz, ultrasonic power is 180W.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 40%, consumption is red by being taken25% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to 0.090mm with colloid mill,Obtain wet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 135Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 42.5 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.3 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder moistureAmount is down to 8% (w/w), then uses the packing of PE polybag, and then every packaging 100g carries out trueEmpty package.
(9), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold sterilization dose of irradiationFor 8.5kGy.
(10), carry out external packing: use the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of aluminium foil bag to above-mentioned processingCarry out vacuum packaging, and in packaging, put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidierPouch.
(11), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Embodiment 3
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 7mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices, be immersed in ultra-pure water, with everyAnoxybiotic gas.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle and carry outSupercritical CO2Extraction, slective extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, extracting pressure 12MPa, separation temperature39 DEG C, extraction time 45min, CO2Flow 6L/min, entrainer is the second of molar fraction 4%Alcoholic solution, consumption is 17% of taken Ipomoea batatas quality; Carry out ultrasonic super facing of concussion strengthening simultaneouslyThe CO of boundary2Extraction process, supersonic frequency is 17KHz, ultrasonic power is 180W.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 40%, consumption is red by being taken25% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to particle diameter with colloid mill0.150mm, obtains wet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 130Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 42 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.3 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder water contentBe down to 9% (w/w), then use the packing of PE polybag, every packaging 100g, then carries out vacuumPackaging.
(9), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold sterilization dose of irradiationFor 8.5kGy.
(10), carry out external packing: use the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of aluminium foil bag to above-mentioned processingCarry out vacuum packaging, and in packaging, put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidierPouch.
(11), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Embodiment 4
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 5mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices, be immersed in ultra-pure water, with everyAnoxybiotic gas.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle and carry outSupercritical CO2Extraction, slective extraction temperature is 38 DEG C, extracting pressure 9MPa, separation temperature38 DEG C, extraction time 30min, CO2Flow 6L/min, entrainer is the second of molar fraction 3%Alcoholic solution, consumption is 15% of taken Ipomoea batatas quality; Carry out ultrasonic super facing of concussion strengthening simultaneouslyThe CO of boundary2Extraction process, supersonic frequency is 15KHz, ultrasonic power is 160W.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 30%, consumption is red by being taken20% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to colloid mill0.120mm, obtains wet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 150Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 40 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.2 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder water contentBe down to 9% (w/w), then use the packing of PE polybag, every packaging 100g, then carries out vacuumPackaging.
(9), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold bactericide of irradiationAmount is 7kGy.
(10), carry out external packing: use the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of aluminium foil bag to above-mentioned processingCarry out vacuum packaging, and in packaging, put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidierPouch.
(11), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Comparison example 1: do not use ultrasound-enhanced supercritical CO2Extraction is processed
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure intoThe color and luster of product and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 10mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices, be immersed in ultra-pure water, with everyAnoxybiotic gas.
(5), fragmentation: use fiberizer to wear into centrotheca sweet potato slices, and add in defibrination processEnter the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 50%, consumption is 30% of taken Ipomoea batatas quality.
(6), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground with colloid mill, obtainWet sweet potato whole powder.
(7), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 150Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 45 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.4 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder water contentBe down to 8% (w/w), then use the packing of PE polybag, every packaging 100g, then carries out vacuumPackaging.
(8), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold bactericide of irradiationAmount is 10kGy.
(9), carry out external packing: use aluminium foil bag to enter the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of above-mentioned processingRow vacuum packaging, and put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have the little of Fe powder deoxidier in packagingBag.
(10), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Comparison example 2: use merely supercritical CO2Extraction
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 10mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices, be immersed in ultra-pure water, with everyAnoxybiotic gas.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle, choosingSelecting extraction temperature is 42 DEG C, and 14MPa is pressed in extraction, 42 DEG C of separation temperatures, and extraction time 1h,CO2Flow 10L/min, the ethanolic solution consumption that entrainer is molar fraction 6% is red by being taken20% of potato quality.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 50%, consumption is red by being taken30% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground with colloid mill, obtainWet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), freeze drying: wet sweet potato whole powder is carried out to freeze drying, drying chamber pressure 150Pa,Temperature of heating plate is 45 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.4 DEG C/min, makes wet sweet potato whole powder water contentBe down to 9% (w/w), then use the packing of PE polybag, every packaging 100g, then carries out vacuumPackaging.
(9), the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60The processing of Co-gamma-ray irradiation, the cold bactericide of irradiationAmount is 10kGy.
(10), carry out external packing: use the pre-packaged sweet potato whole powder of aluminium foil bag to above-mentioned processingCarry out vacuum packaging, and in packaging, put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidierPouch.
(11), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
Comparison example 3: do not use freeze drying and radiation sterilizing processing
(1) select and pre-treatment: select fresh nothing to rot, profile is complete, the potato heart is orange redLook, without the Ipomoea batatas of aging tissue, removes the foreign material such as some potatos are climing, root, leaf, to ensure finished productColor and luster and purity.
(2), clean: Ipomoea batatas clear water is cleaned, then put into ultrasonic cleaning device with superPure water cleans 1h.
(3), section: the thin slice that Ipomoea batatas is cut into 10mm.
(4), soak: by above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices, be immersed in ultra-pure water, with everyAnoxybiotic gas.
(5), extraction: take 50g sweet potato slices and pack barrel into, then put in extraction kettle, choosingSelecting extraction temperature is 42 DEG C, extracting pressure 14MPa, and 42 DEG C of separation temperatures, extraction time 60min,CO2Flow 10L/min, the ethanolic solution consumption that entrainer is molar fraction 6% is red by being taken20% of potato quality; Carry out ultrasonic concussion enhanced supercritical CO simultaneously2Extraction process, supersonic frequencyRate is 20KHz, and ultrasonic power is 200W.
(6), fragmentation: will be through supercritical CO2At the beginning of sweet potato slices after extraction uses fiberizer to wear intoStarch, and in defibrination process, add the ethanolic solution of mass fraction 50%, consumption is red by being taken30% of potato quality.
(7), colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground with colloid mill, obtainWet sweet potato whole powder.
(8), vacuum packaging: use aluminium foil bag to carry out vacuum to the sweet potato whole powder of above-mentioned processingPackaging, every packaging 100g, and put a packaging by 1% (w/w) and have Fe powder deoxidier in packingPouch.
(9), refrigeration: cold storing and fresh-keeping under 1 DEG C of condition.
The sweet potato whole powder goods that embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 are made are 1 DEG C of storageAfter 30 days, the PE that each embodiment chooses 3 samples removal In Aluminium Foil Packings and the inside at random mouldsPocket is packed, and then uses the whiteness value of 3 samples of color difference meter sampling and measuring, and sampling is surveyed in additionWater content and the total plate count of 3 samples of amount, and average.
The experimental result of the each embodiment index of correlation of table 1
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder, is characterized in that, logicalCross supercritical CO2Extraction method the aldehydes matter in Ipomoea batatas is extracted, then carry out fragmentation,Defibrination, dry, sterilization final vacuum are packaged to be sweet potato whole powder goods.
2. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 1,It is characterized in that described supercritical CO2When extraction, using ethanol as entrainer.
3. the preparation side of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2Method, is characterized in that, described Ipomoea batatas is carrying out supercritical CO2When extraction, carry out ultrasonic shakeSwing with strengthening extraction effect.
4. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 3,It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) section: Ipomoea batatas selected, after cleaning is cut into the thin slice of 5～10mm;
(2) soak: above-mentioned pretreated sweet potato slices is immersed in ultra-pure water, to completely cut offOxygen;
(3) supercritical CO2Superization concussion when extraction: pack sweet potato slices into barrel, soAfter put into and in extraction kettle, carry out supercritical CO2Extraction, controlling extraction temperature is 38～42 DEG C, extractionPressure power 9～14MPa, 38～42 DEG C of separation temperatures, extraction time 30～60min, CO2Flow6～10L/min, entrainer is the ethanolic solution of molar fraction 3～6%, consumption is by being taken Ipomoea batatas15～20% of tablet quality; At supercritical CO2When extraction, sweet potato slices is carried out to ultrasonic concussionWith strengthening extraction effect;
(4) fragmentation: use fiberizer to wear into centrotheca the sweet potato slices after extraction, expectedSlurry;
(5) colloid mill defibrination: above-mentioned slip is further ground to particle diameter with colloid mill is0.090mm～0.150mm, obtains wet sweet potato whole powder;
(6) freeze drying: the sweet potato whole powder that will wet carries out freeze drying, makes dried Ipomoea batatasFull powder water content is down to 7%～9% (w/w), then uses PE polybag will carry out vacuum packaging;
(7) the cold sterilization of irradiation: utilize60Co-gamma-rays carries out vacuum-packed sweet potato whole powderAfter radiation treatment, secondary vacuum is packed and be get final product.
5. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 4,It is characterized in that, in described step (3), the supersonic frequency of controlling described ultrasonic concussion is15～20KHz, ultrasonic power is 160～200W.
6. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 4,It is characterized in that, in described step (4), in the described paste mill grinding process of use, addThe ethanolic solution of mass fraction 30%-50%, consumption is 20～30% of taken sweet potato slices quality.
7. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 4,It is characterized in that, in described step (6), control drying chamber pressure 120～150Pa, heatingPlate temperature is 40～45 DEG C, and rate of temperature fall is-0.2～-0.4 DEG C/min.
8. the preparation method of non-heating power physical fresh-keeping sweet potato whole powder as claimed in claim 4,It is characterized in that, in described step (7), the cold sterilization dose of irradiation is 7～10kGy.
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| CN104872577A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州科谷米业有限公司 | Processing method of refined potato powder |
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| CN101015333A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2007-08-15 | 江南大学 | Olive comprehensive utilization method |
| CN101810286A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-25 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for preparing sweet potato whole powder |
| CN102349632A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-02-15 | 陕西海升果业发展股份有限公司 | Preparation method of concentrated clear sweet potato juice with high color value |
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Application publication date: 20160518 |