CN105579180A - 双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(gmaw-dcw)焊接方法 - Google Patents

双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(gmaw-dcw)焊接方法 Download PDF

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CN105579180A
CN105579180A CN201480036301.8A CN201480036301A CN105579180A CN 105579180 A CN105579180 A CN 105579180A CN 201480036301 A CN201480036301 A CN 201480036301A CN 105579180 A CN105579180 A CN 105579180A
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welding
cold
gmaw
wires
dcw
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爱德华多·德·玛卡哈斯·布拉加
保罗·安赫洛·康斯塔·艾桑考
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Universidade Federal do Para
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B23K9/1735—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode making use of several electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
    • B23K9/124—Circuits or methods for feeding welding wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
    • B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本专利的方法包括将两个“冷”焊丝注入装置中的、到气炬的固定拼合夹具(2)耦合到焊接气炬(14)，其中，该焊接气炬连接到电极丝头(12)，电极丝头还连接到焊接电源(11)以建立电弧和熔池，两个“冷”焊丝由辅助头(13)推进，并被引导通过导管(17)直到注入器管(8)，注入器管由止动螺栓(10)紧固到喷射器管基座(7)，并且因此注入器管(8)可以相对于焊接气炬水平移动，同时使注入器管(8)能够垂直于焊接气炬转动，这两个运动确定“冷”焊丝相对于电极丝(气炬焊丝)的输入角以及两个“冷”焊丝之间的输入角。“冷”焊丝经过由电解铜制成的接触喷嘴(9)，并且接触喷嘴具有将“冷”焊丝尽可能近地引导至电弧以防止焊丝振动和扰动的功能。

Description

双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法
本发明涉及一种方法，在该方法中，由两个辅助头在电极丝生成的电弧中喷射未通电的两个焊丝，该方法具有执行焊接以用于接合和涂覆金属的目的。该方法可用于GMAW(熔化极气体保护焊)方法和FCAW(药芯焊丝电弧焊)方法两者。
GMAW和FCAW焊接方法是已知的并且统一的，其中，在工件与被连续进给的呈线形的消耗品之间建立电弧。当焊丝被进给到熔池时，电弧熔铸焊丝。焊接金属通过惰性或活性气流(或气体混合物)保护以免受大气的影响，以及气体和熔渣的影响。在需要更高的生产率和机器人焊接时，这些焊接方法被广泛地使用。
尽管这些方法被广泛使用，但是这也引起一些缺陷，例如，工业中需要更大的生产率。尽管与手工方法(手工电弧焊(SMAW))相比，现有方法具有高生产率，但是工业需要要求生产率更高的方法(特别是当这些方法用于自动焊接和/或机器人焊接时)，这是由于在使用机器人的情况下，焊接熔池位移更均匀并且焊接速度更大。
注意到，GMAW和FCAW方法的另一个问题涉及焊接部分的永久变形，这是由与焊丝供给速度具有直接关系的高强度焊接电流所造成的高温热循环的结果，换句话说，为了更高的生产率，焊丝进给越快，由电源供应的焊接电流越大并且该材料的永久变形越大。
考虑到这些论述并且为了克服这些问题，开发出双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法(本专利的主题)，该方法在由通电焊丝生成的电弧气氛中引入了两个“冷”焊丝，以这种方式，“冷”焊丝与通电焊丝熔铸在一起，从而增添了熔池中所沉积的材料。
该新方法增加了材料沉积率，与GMAW和FCAW焊接方法相比达到增加100％生产率，同时具有高水平的电弧稳定性以及高质量的焊缝。可以使用不同的焊丝直径以及混合管状固体焊丝(mixingtubularsolidwires)。
所观察到的该方法中的另一个优势在于加固增强并且焊接渗透减小。这一事实在焊接涂覆中是典型的，这使得该方法有望应用在涂覆中。
附图示出了本专利的主题焊接方法(GMAW-DCW)的布置，其中：
图1以分解图示出“冷”焊丝注入器的支撑件。
图2以立体图示出具有安装在焊炬上的两个注入器的支撑件。
根据以上列出的附图中的图示所示出的内容，如图1所示，本发明的主题焊接方法系统(GMAW-DCM)包括将固定夹具2连接到气炬的螺栓接头1，该夹具附装到该水平位移杆3，通过将螺母4旋拧到螺栓1上而紧固该夹具。
竖直位移杆5用于引导注入器位移支撑件6，这两个副确定焊丝入口相对于熔池的高度，注入器管底座7能够相对于焊接气炬水平移动，使注入器管8能够垂直于焊接气炬旋转，这两个运动确定相对于电极丝(气炬焊丝)的“冷”焊丝角度入口以及两个“冷”焊丝之间的“冷”焊丝角度入口。注入器管8为容纳导管17的支撑件，该导管17将“冷”焊丝引到电解铜9的接触嘴处，止动螺栓10用于紧固装置的可动部分。
在图2中，我们具有焊接电源11、连接到电源的电极丝的进给头12和未连接到电源的“冷”焊丝注入器的辅助头13，还具有耦合到焊接气炬14的“冷”焊丝注入装置，其中“冷”焊丝15布置成朝向电极丝16的方向。该注入装置使得能够使用多角度和多输入位置的“冷”焊丝。由于这是新方法，因此需要进行若干次试验。然而，该复杂的装置能够以更简单的方式制造并且具有固定的角度或具有较小的自由度，因此产生不太复杂的系统来制造和处理。

Claims (4)

1.一种双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法，包括在电弧中或在熔池中熔铸的两个“冷”焊丝(15)，其中熔池通过惰性或活性气流(或气体混合物)保护而免受大气的影响，所述方法被认为是高生产率的方法，这是因为其与GMAW方法或FCAW方法相比具有更高的沉积率。
2.一种双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法，根据权利要求1所述的焊接方法，其特征在于，注入两个“冷”焊丝(15)，所述两个“冷”焊丝通过独立于焊接电源(11)的两个辅助头(13)推进，所述两个焊丝被引导通过所述头(13)的导管(17)，直到注入器管(8)，其中注入器管固定到注入器管基座(7)，所述注入器管基座可以相对于焊接气炬水平移动，同时使得所述注入器管(8)能够垂直于所述焊接气炬旋转，该运动将朝向所述电弧将所述“冷”焊丝引导至所述熔池。
3.一种双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法，“冷”焊丝注入装置通过固定到气炬的拼合夹具(2)连接到所述焊接气炬(14)，所述拼合夹具由螺栓(1)和螺母(4)连接。
4.一种双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW-DCW)焊接方法，所述两个“冷”焊丝(15)可以与具有已经提供的冶金性能的、形成焊缝金属的所述电极丝(16)相同的化学成分，所述两个“冷”焊丝也可以具有不同的化学成分，并且因此可以调节焊缝金属的冶金性能。
CN201480036301.8A 2013-06-25 2014-06-26 双冷焊丝型熔化极气体保护焊(gmaw-dcw)焊接方法 Pending CN105579180A (zh)

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BR102013018868A BR102013018868A2 (pt) 2013-06-25 2013-06-25 processo de soldagem gás metal arc welding - double wire cold (gmaw-dcw)
PCT/BR2014/000211 WO2014205536A1 (en) 2013-06-25 2014-06-26 Welding process gas metal arc welding - double cold wire (gmaw-dcw)

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CN111250821A (zh) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-09 山东仁科测控技术有限公司 横焊设备和焊接方法

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CN105935833A (zh) * 2016-06-14 2016-09-14 惠州市铠屹精密机械有限公司 一种便携式小型化焊接机器人
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CN113909744B (zh) * 2021-10-12 2024-04-30 湖北童河通讯器材科技有限公司 一种冷焊机用焊料输送装置

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CN111250821A (zh) * 2020-02-25 2020-06-09 山东仁科测控技术有限公司 横焊设备和焊接方法

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