CN105576351B - A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna - Google Patents
A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105576351B CN105576351B CN201410616100.7A CN201410616100A CN105576351B CN 105576351 B CN105576351 B CN 105576351B CN 201410616100 A CN201410616100 A CN 201410616100A CN 105576351 B CN105576351 B CN 105576351B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna, is related to wireless communication technology field.The antenna radiation unit includes three electrode couples and three feedback electric connecting conductors；Wherein, the axial place datum plane of arbitrary two electrode couple in three electrode couple is axially vertical with another pair dipole；Each dipole includes the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and the distributing point conductor of the first oscillator arms of connection and the second oscillator arms；The one end of the distributing point conductor of three electrode couples respectively with described three feedback electric connecting conductors is connected, and the other end of three feedback electric connecting conductors is connected respectively with a feeding network plate.The antenna is utilized to the structure design of antenna radiation unit, and amplitude, phase by adjusting three electrode couples realizes the high-gain performance of individual antenna radiating element；Simultaneously by the phase between feeding network plate adjusting antenna radiation unit, realize under the scene of high-rise dense city, the requirement of big angle of declination performance, achieved the purpose that high station covered street.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna.
Background technology
With the arrival in LTE epoch and the fast development in city, the difficulty of Cell Site Placement increasingly.In prosperity
Dense city is largely exceeded 50 meters and is even covered to 100 meters or more of building, and existing macrocell base stations antenna can only be
Rational height and position are set up, if careless slightly, it will cause serious inter-cell interference to whole network.Original grand bee
Nest antenna for base station cannot meet requirement of the existing urban structure complex condition user to the network coverage.
Now widely used outdoor macro honeycomb antenna for base station performance is more unified, is suitble to most scene covering, but
It is with the integrated development in cities and towns, how ensures not reducing network coverage index skyscraper is intensive, use existing grand bee
Nest antenna for base station cannot be met the requirements.For skyscraper compact district domain, using existing classical macro-cellular antenna for base station,
In the case that extension height is excessively high, serious area covered can be generated to network, in existing TD-L networks, LTE network, to disturbing more
For sensitivity, Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio can deteriorate, and not only seriously affect rate, and be present with frequent switching and fall net etc. it is many
Problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of antenna radiation unit and antennas, realize the existing Downtilt of antenna for base station
Degree pushes, and realized that high station covered street, and improved the antijamming capability of system；The antenna occupies little space simultaneously, simple in structure,
It is easily integrated and produces in batches.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of antenna radiation unit, and the antenna radiation unit includes three pairs
Dipole and three feedback electric connecting conductors；Wherein,
Arbitrary two electrode couple in three electrode couples it is axial where datum plane with another pair dipole
It is axially vertical；
Each dipole includes the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connection first oscillator arms and second and shakes
The distributing point conductor of sub- arm；
The one end of the distributing point conductor of three electrode couples respectively with described three feedback electric connecting conductors is connected, and described three
The other end of item feedback electric connecting conductor is connected respectively with a feeding network plate.
Further, first oscillator arms and second oscillator arms are made of good conductor.
Further, the length of first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is the antenna radiation unit operation wavelength
Between 1/5 to 3/4.
Further, the shape of first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is cylindrical shape, horn shape or water-drop-shaped
Shape；And the minimum widith of first oscillator arms and the minimum widith of second oscillator arms are all higher than or equal to 1mm.
Further, the feedback electric connecting conductor is coaxial cable, and the coaxial cable includes the inner wire of mutually insulated
And outer conductor.
Further, the distributing point conductor is presented with described in electric connecting conductor close to the one side of first oscillator arms
Conductor connects, and the distributing point conductor connects close to the one side of second oscillator arms and the outer conductor of the feedback electric connecting conductor
It connects.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of antenna, including feeding network plate, further includes and is connected with the feeding network plate
Antenna radiation unit as described above；
The feeding network plate feeds the antenna radiation unit, the day for receiving the signal from base station
Beta radiation unit is used to the signal radiateing.
Wherein, the antenna further includes at least five mirror reflection earth plate, first in 5 mirror reflection earth plates
Mirror reflection earth plate, the second mirror reflection earth plate, the 3rd mirror reflection earth plate, the 4th mirror reflection earth plate and the 5th
Mirror reflection earth plate is sequentially connected；And the folder between sequentially connected 5 mirror reflection earth plates and a backboard
Angle is in mathematical recursion form.
Wherein, the angle between the first mirror reflection earth plate and the backboard is 0 °.
Wherein, it is both provided at least on each mirror reflection earth plate in addition to the 5th mirror reflection earth plate
One antenna radiation unit；
The antenna radiation unit is fixed on by a supporting rack on the mirror reflection earth plate, and support frame as described above passes through
Spiral shell button is fixed on the mirror reflection earth plate.
Wherein, distance of the antenna radiation unit away from the mirror reflection earth plate is antenna radiation unit operation wavelength
1/4 to 2 times between.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention at least has the advantages that：
In the antenna radiation unit and antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, using the structure design to antenna radiation unit, pass through
Amplitude, the phase of three electrode couples are adjusted to realize the high-gain performance of individual antenna radiating element；Member itself of shaking is utilized simultaneously
Beamforming capabilities, it is only necessary to 4 antenna radiation units can realize the gain of more than 12dB, realize the small-sized of antenna
Change design；And the phase between antenna radiation unit is adjusted by feeding network plate, it realizes under the scene of high-rise dense city, under big
The requirement of inclination angle performance achieved the purpose that high station covered street.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure schematic diagrams of the antenna radiation unit of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 represents the basic structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 represents the side view of antenna shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 represents the front view of antenna shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 represents the external structure schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention is directed under prior art dense city scene on the middle and senior level, the covering index error of antenna, serious interference, user
It the problem of experience difference, provides in a kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna, using the structure design to antenna radiation unit, passes through tune
The amplitude of whole three electrode couples, phase realize the high-gain performance of individual antenna radiating element；Member itself of shaking is utilized simultaneously
Beamforming capabilities, it is only necessary to which 4 antenna radiation units can realize the gain of more than 12dB, realize the miniaturization of antenna
Design；And the phase between antenna radiation unit is adjusted by feeding network plate, it realizes under the scene of high-rise dense city, has a down dip greatly
The requirement of angle performance achieved the purpose that high station covered street.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antenna radiation unit, the antenna radiation unit includes three antithesis
It is extremely sub, it is respectively the first dipole 1, the second dipole 2 and the 3rd dipole 3；Three feedback electric connecting conductors, respectively with first
Dipole 1 corresponding first presents electric connecting conductor 11, second feedback electric connecting conductor 21 corresponding with the second dipole 2 and with the 3rd
Dipole 3 the corresponding 3rd presents electric connecting conductor 31；
Wherein, arbitrary two electrode couple in three electrode couples it is axial where datum plane with another electrode couple
Sub is axially vertical；
Specifically, first dipole 1, the second dipole 2 and the 3rd dipole 3 respectively with a three-dimensional system of coordinate three
The direction of a reference axis is consistent, i.e., the axial direction of arbitrary two electrode couples is mutually vertical.
Further, each dipole includes the first oscillator arms, the second oscillator arms and connection first oscillator
The distributing point conductor of arm and the second oscillator arms；The distributing point conductor is respectively the first distributing point conductor 10 of the first dipole 1,
Second distributing point conductor 20 of the second dipole 2 and the 3rd distributing point conductor 30 of the 3rd dipole 3；Simultaneously because the dipole
Characteristic, then distributing point conductor be respectively positioned on the length and second at the midpoint of dipole, i.e. the first oscillator arms of three dipoles
Oscillator arms are equal in length.Therefore preferably, ideally, the first distributing point conductor 10, the second distributing point conductor 20 and
Three distributing point conductors 30 are respectively positioned on the dot position of above-mentioned three-dimensional system of coordinate, i.e. three distributing point conductors are in same position (such as
Shown in Fig. 1)；But three distributing point conductors are separated using relevant art, in the reception and transmission of signal mutually
It does not disturb.
The one end of the distributing point conductor of three electrode couples respectively with described three feedback electric connecting conductors is connected, and described three
The other end of item feedback electric connecting conductor is connected respectively with a feeding network plate.Specifically, the first distributing point conductor 10 and the first feedback
Electric connecting conductor 11 is connected after connecting with feeding network plate 4 again；Second distributing point conductor 20 connects with the second feedback electric connecting conductor 21
It is also connected after connecing with feeding network plate 4；3rd distributing point conductor 30 with the 3rd feedback electric connecting conductor 31 be connected after also with transmission network
Network plate 4 connects；It should be noted that feeding network plate 4 is the feeding network plate of a three-way, pass through the realization pair of feeding network plate 4
The independent output and input of distributing point conductor, and pass through and replace different feeding network plates 4 makes out of phase, different amplitudes
Signal transmission realizes the adjustment in aerial radiation direction into the antenna radiation unit.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, first oscillator arms and second oscillator arms are by good conductor system
Into；Between the length of first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is the 1/5 to 3/4 of the antenna radiation unit operation wavelength；
And the shape of first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is cylindrical shape, horn shape or drop shape；And described first shakes
The minimum widith of sub- arm and the minimum widith of second oscillator arms are all higher than or equal to 1mm.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, three the first oscillator arms and three the second oscillator arms of the antenna radiation unit by
Good conductor forms, and good conductor is easily conductive object, and preferable red copper material makes.The oscillator arms can apply a variety of knots
Structure, such as cylindrical, tubaeform or drop shape, it is numerous to list herein, to realize the frequency band for widening antenna radiation unit
It is required that；Simultaneously because tubaeform or drop shape oscillator arms are the inconsistent design of width, therefore the first oscillator arms need to be met
Minimum widith and the minimum widiths of the second oscillator arms be all higher than or the requirement equal to 1mm.
It should be noted that the physical length of the first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms is antenna radiation unit operation wavelength
Between 1/5 to 3/4；And the operation wavelength of antenna radiation unit can be determined according to the working frequency of the antenna radiation unit, and by
It is not certain value in the working frequency of antenna radiation unit, therefore the operation wavelength of radiating element changes according to the change of working frequency
Become, be not especially limited herein.
It holds and continues upper example, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the electric connecting conductor (11/21/31) of presenting is coaxial cable, institute
Stating coaxial cable includes the inner wire and outer conductor of mutually insulated.
Further, the distributing point conductor is presented with described in electric connecting conductor close to the one side of first oscillator arms
Conductor connects, and the distributing point conductor connects close to the one side of second oscillator arms and the outer conductor of the feedback electric connecting conductor
It connects.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the first distributing point conductor 10 is (close to the one of the first oscillator arms
End) it is connected with the inner wire of the first feedback electric connecting conductor 11；The second end of first distributing point conductor 10 is (close to the second oscillator arms
One end) it is connected with the outer conductor of the first feedback electric connecting conductor 11；It should be noted that other distributing point conductors and corresponding feed
It is consistent with the description above mode to connect the connection of conductor, does not repeat one by one herein.It should be noted that if the of distributing point conductor
One end and second end are same point, then the point connects the inner wire and outer conductor of feedback electric connecting conductor (11/21/31) respectively.
Above-mentioned antenna radiation unit realizes member itself of shaking using any two dipole mutually vertical structure design
Beamforming capabilities；And the amplitude and phase of three electrode couples are adjusted by feeding network plate, it realizes and is not changing antenna structure
On the premise of, achieve the purpose that improve single radiating element gain.
In order to preferably realize above-mentioned purpose, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of antenna,
Including feeding network plate 4, which is characterized in that further include the aerial radiation list as described above being connected with the feeding network plate 4
Member；
The feeding network plate 4 feeds the antenna radiation unit, the day for receiving the signal from base station
Beta radiation unit is used to the signal radiateing.Wherein, the specific connection relation of feeding network plate 4 and antenna radiation unit
It has been described in detail in the above-described embodiments, not repeated description herein.In the specific embodiment of the invention, by replacing different feeds
Network board 4 makes out of phase, in the signal transmission of different amplitude to the antenna radiation unit, and it is single to pass through mutiple antennas radiation
The adjustment in aerial radiation direction is realized in the cooperation of member.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the antenna further includes at least five mirror reflection earth plate, described 5
First mirror reflection earth plate 5 in mirror reflection earth plate, the second mirror reflection earth plate 6, the 3rd mirror reflection earth plate 7,
4th mirror reflection earth plate 8 and the 5th mirror reflection earth plate 9 are sequentially connected；And sequentially connected 5 mirror images
Angle between reflecting ground plate and a backboard 13 is in mathematical recursion form；And the first mirror reflection earth plate 5 with it is described
Angle between backboard 13 is 0 °.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the first mirror reflection earth plate 5 is parallel with backboard 13, the second mirror reflection earth plate
Angle between 6 and backboard 13 is 1 ° to 5 °, and the angle between the 3rd mirror reflection earth plate 7 and backboard 13 is 2 ° to 6 °, the
Angle between four mirror reflection earth plates 8 and backboard 13 is 3 ° to 7 °, between the 5th mirror reflection earth plate 9 and backboard 13
Angle is 4 ° to 8 °；Innovation of the embodiment of the present invention is proposed by adjusting the angle of 5 mirror reflection earth plates so that omnidirectional
The gain direction of antenna pushes so that antenna covering performance is promoted.Wherein, angle is in mathematical recursion form, such as the first mirror
As reflecting ground plate 5 is parallel with backboard 13, and the angle between the second mirror reflection earth plate 6 and backboard 13 is 2 °, then the 3rd
Angle between mirror reflection earth plate 7 and backboard 13 is 4 °, then the angle between the 4th mirror reflection earth plate 8 and backboard 13
For 6 °, then the angle between the 5th mirror reflection earth plate 9 and backboard 13 is 8 °.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, each mirror image in addition to the 5th mirror reflection earth plate 9 is anti-
It penetrates on earth plate and is both provided at least one antenna radiation unit；That is the first mirror reflection earth plate 5, the second mirror reflection
Earth plate 6 is both provided at least one antenna spoke on the 3rd mirror reflection earth plate 7 and the 4th mirror reflection earth plate 8
Unit is penetrated, i.e., the antenna includes at least 4 antenna radiation units.It should be noted that by between 4 antenna radiation units
Phase, realize 10 ° to 25 ° angle of declination push, realized high station cover street.
The antenna radiation unit is fixed on by a supporting rack on the mirror reflection earth plate, and support frame as described above passes through
Spiral shell button is fixed on the mirror reflection earth plate.It sets to buckle by spiral shell on i.e. above-mentioned 4 mirror reflection earth plates and be fixedly installed
There is at least one supporting rack consistent with three-dimensional system of coordinate shape, three electrode couple, which are installed on the supporting rack, forms above-mentioned antenna
Radiating element；It is buckled simultaneously using the adjustable spiral shell on supporting rack and adjusts the supporting rack between corresponding mirror reflection earth plate
Distance, i.e., Indirect method be installed on antenna radiation unit on the supporting rack apart from corresponding mirror reflection earth plate away from
From；Specifically, distance of the antenna radiation unit away from the mirror reflection earth plate is antenna radiation unit operation wavelength
Between 1/4 to 2 times.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, the antenna further includes an antenna cover body 12, the antenna
The inner space that cover body 12 is formed is used to accommodate at least five mirror reflections earth plate；The antenna further includes 11 He of a head cover
Bottom cover 10 couples and is covered in the opening of the upper and lower part of antenna cover body 12, and the size of the antenna cover body 12 is with lucky energy
Enough accommodating the mirror reflection earth plate is advisable, and shape is set according to the global shape of mirror reflection earth plate, is not limited to
One fixed form.
The specific antenna structure of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Assuming that the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with 5 mirror reflection earth plates, the first mirror reflection earth plate 5 to the 4th
1 antenna radiation unit is respectively arranged on mirror reflection earth plate 9；
Antenna house 12, the inner space of formation accommodate five mirror reflection earth plates；Head cover 11 and bottom cover 10, connection
It connects and is covered in the opening of the upper and lower part of antenna house；Antenna radiation unit structure is formed by stacking by the sub- oscillator of three electrode couples,
By the same signal of coaxial cable the input phase, each independent radiating element forms wave beam forming, increases the gain of antenna；Three pairs
Dipole is mounted on supporting rack, and supporting rack is buckled using spiral shell to be fixed on mirror reflection earth plate 5~9.Each radiating element by
Three electrode couples composition, the oscillator arms of dipole are the dipole arm that copper post makes, and each pair dipole arm is equipped with the first oscillator
Arm, the second oscillator arms and the feedback point conductor of connection first oscillator arms and the second oscillator arms.Three electrode couple can answer
With various structures, such as cylindrical, tubaeform and drop shape, realize that antenna frequency band is widened；Analysis recursion skill can also be passed through
Art realizes antenna miniaturization design；The most narrow place >=1mm of its oscillator arms.The sub- oscillator arms of three electrode couples respectively with three change in coordinate axis direction
Unanimously, and the axial place datum plane of arbitrary two electrode couple is axially vertical with the 3rd sub- oscillator of electrode couple, three electrode couples
Arm is symmetrical structure；The physical length of the sub- arm of three electrode couples can be 1/5~3/4 λ.The dipole arm is good conductor dipole
Arm, and can be the diversified forms such as fractal structure, horn structure.
The mirror reflection earth plate of antenna for base station is connected by 5 different mirror reflection earth plates 5~9, with level
The angle in face is into mathematical recursion；It is presented electric connecting conductor and independently exports input, and is connected with the feeding network 4 of antenna, leads to
It crosses and replaces different feeding network plates 4, make out of phase, the signal transmission of amplitude to four radiating elements, it is possible to realize day
The adjustment in beta radiation direction；First dipole 1, the second dipole 2 and the 3rd dipole 3 are equipped with distributing point conductor, pass through three
Item feedback electric connecting conductor (11/21/31) is connected respectively with feeding network plate 4.Electric connecting conductor (11/21/31) is presented to be equipped with coaxially
The inner wire and outer conductor of line and mutually insulated, the inner wire of three feedback electric connecting conductors (11/21/31) are passed through instead by conducting wire
Plate 5~9 is penetrated, and is connected respectively with corresponding feeding network 4, the signal of 4 external communication system of feeding network receives and transmitting
Circuit.
A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, first antenna radiation unit make use of antenna skill
The characteristics of art, by adjusting three dipole its amplitudes, the phase of antenna, is realized on the premise of antenna structure is not changed, real
Existing single radiating element high-gain performance.Its advantages, it is only necessary to which the radiating element after four adjustment can realize 12dBm's
Gain intensity, antenna is 9 to 10 radiating elements before, realizes antenna miniaturization design；Then propose through feeding network plate
Or adjustment feeding network corresponds to the insulation spacer adjustment phase place on oscillator access, and Electromagnetic Fields of Antenna radiation direction can be changed,
It realizes under the scene of high-rise dense city, the requirement of big angle of declination performance, realized the purpose in high station covering street；Again by adjusting
Reflecting plate angle can push the gain direction of omnidirectional antenna, promote antenna covering performance；Finally by fractal technology with
And antenna arm configuration improves, realization antenna frequency band is widened and Miniaturization Design.The embodiment of the present invention, which improves, solves high-rise intensive city
Under area's scene, index error is covered, the problem of serious interference, poor user experience.The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention,
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, may be used also
To make several improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of antenna, including feeding network plate, which is characterized in that further include the aerial radiation being connected with the feeding network plate
Unit；
The feeding network plate feeds the antenna radiation unit, the antenna spoke for receiving the signal from base station
Unit is penetrated for the signal to be radiate；
Wherein, the antenna further includes at least five mirror reflection earth plate, the first mirror image in 5 mirror reflection earth plates
Reflecting ground plate, the second mirror reflection earth plate, the 3rd mirror reflection earth plate, the 4th mirror reflection earth plate and the 5th mirror image
Reflecting ground plate is sequentially connected；And the angle between sequentially connected 5 mirror reflection earth plates and a backboard is in
Mathematical recursion form；
And the angle between the first mirror reflection earth plate and the backboard is 0 °；Except the 5th mirror reflection connects
At least one antenna radiation unit is both provided on each mirror reflection earth plate outside floor.
2. antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna radiation unit is fixed on institute by a supporting rack
It states on mirror reflection earth plate, support frame as described above is fixed on by spiral shell button on the mirror reflection earth plate.
3. antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the antenna radiation unit is away from the mirror reflection earth plate
Distance between 1/4 to 2 times of antenna radiation unit operation wavelength.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410616100.7A CN105576351B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410616100.7A CN105576351B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | A kind of antenna radiation unit and antenna |
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| CN105576351A CN105576351A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN105576351B true CN105576351B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115411502A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna module, antenna module array and base station |
| CN114024133B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-29 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Novel dipole antenna |
| CN117335150B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-05-10 | 广东中昱通信有限公司 | 5G antenna |
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| JP2001284961A (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-12 | Ntt Docomo Inc | Frequency sharing antenna and array antenna |
| CN1566969A (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-19 | 电子科技大学 | High sensitive isotropic space electromagnetic wave leakage detecting probe |
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| CN105576351A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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