CN103346392A - Mobile phone antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of broadband reconfigurable micro-strip antennas and particularly relates to a mobile phone antenna with a reconfigurable directional diagram. The mobile phone antenna with the reconfigurable directional diagram is used for receiving and transmitting wireless signals in communication devices such as a mobile phone and an ISM communication device. The mobile phone antenna with the reconfigurable directional diagram is composed of two medium substrates, four bending-shaped passive vibrators, four horizontal straight passive vibrators, six switches, two dipole excitation vibrators, two perpendicular parasitic vibrators, a balancer and a coaxial feeder. The first bending-shaped passive vibrator, the first horizontal straight passive vibrator, the second horizontal straight passive vibrator and the second bending-shaped passive vibrator are sequentially connected together to form a first connecting structure through the switches. The third bending-shaped passive vibrator, the third horizontal straight passive vibrator, the fourth horizontal straight passive vibrator and the fourth bending-shaped passive vibrator are sequentially connected together to form a second connecting structure through RF-PIN switches. The antenna is small in SAR value, low in radiation, high in efficiency, simple in structure, convenient to machine and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to broadband reconstructable microstrip aerial field, be specifically related to a kind of directional diagram reconstruct antenna for mobile phone of in communication equipments such as mobile phone and ISM, accepting and launch wireless signal.
Background technology
In recent years, develop rapidly along with wireless communication technology, people are also more and more stronger to the dependence of radio communication, in order to improve power system capacity, realize the multi-functional and ultra broadbandization of communication system, next generation wireless communication will more consider to adopt multiple-input, multiple-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO) technology.But along with the increase of antenna amount, the size of communication system increases, and cost raises, and can bring the problem of electromagnetic compatibility aspect, and the complexity and the cost that make the MIMO technology realize increase significantly, can not give full play to its technical advantage.The phased array antenna technology is ripe relatively, but the shortcomings such as expensive and high-tech difficulty that have the feeding network complexity, need the increase phase shifter and cause thus, and reconfigurable antenna arises at the historic moment under this background.Reconfigurable antenna just is to use on the bore face of same antenna or antenna array, by load methods such as variable capacitance diode, microelectronic mechanical switch (MEMS) switch or RF-PIN switch at antenna aperture, the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of control antenna irradiator surface, realize different radiation characteristics, make an antenna have the function of multiple antenna.Reconfigurable antenna is that the development of antenna technology has brought revolution, provide the important techniques guarantee for improving aspects such as capability of wireless communication system, expanding system function, increase system works bandwidth, realization software radio, will bring far-reaching influence to wireless communication technology.Reconfigurable antenna can be divided into frequency reconfigurable antenna, directional diagram reconstructable aerial, frequency and directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, polarization reconfigurable antenna etc. simultaneously according to function.Directional diagram is a key property of antenna, and the antenna beam back lobe radiation of directional antenna is little, and omnidirectional antenna has the omnidirectional radiation characteristic.If the directional diagram reconstructable technology is applied to significantly to reduce the SAR value in the portable radio communication devices such as mobile phone, reduces it to the radiation of human body, simultaneously because concentration of energy, can also improve antenna efficiency, therefore, the directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone has huge market using value.
Traditional antenna for mobile phone adopts monopole antenna or PIFA antenna mostly.These two kinds of antennas all are omnidirectional antennas, and the SAR value is all than directional antenna height, and the reconstruct antenna then can effectively reduce the SAR value under the situation that does not reduce communication quality, reduce antenna for mobile phone to the radiation of human body.Document " W.Kang; J.Park and Y.Yoon; Simple reconfigurable antenna with radiation pattern; Elecronics letters.No.3; 2008. " and document " J.Dong and A.Wang; " A Simple Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Printed Dipole Antenna; " Proceedings of20093rd IEEE International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications.2009. " a kind of directional diagram reconstruct antenna proposed; and this antenna is by the mems switch state on the control antenna bore face; it is switched between not with the monopole antenna of ground structure and the dipole antenna with structure reflectingly; designing can reconstruct antenna omnidirectional directional diagram and the antenna of orientation direction figure; but this antenna structure is asymmetric; and can offset problem in order to solve operating frequency, need add the match and regulate branch road in addition, design is complicated, the reconstruct of antenna pattern need rely on ground structure in addition, size is bigger, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of antenna.Yagi antenna has simple in structure, good directionality, the gain advantages of higher, but traditional Yagi spark gap size is bigger, be unsuitable in mini-plant, using, in order to reduce the size of antenna, document " G.Ni; B.Gao, and J.Lu, A newly dielectric embedded quasi-microstrip Yagi antenna with barrier; International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology; 2008. " proposes a kind of medium and buries little band Yagi antenna, therefore this antenna buries microstrip line in dielectric-slab,, effectively reduced the size of antenna, but this antenna can only be realized directed radiation, does not have the omnidirectional radiation characteristic, is unsuitable in mobile communication equipments such as mobile phone.For design direction figure reconfigurable antenna, document " S.Zhang; G.H.Huff; J.Feng and J.T.Bernband; A Pattern Reconfigurable Microstrip Parasitic Array; IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation; vol.52,2004, pp.35-36. " has designed a little band yagi arrary of directional diagram reconstructable, directional diagram reconstruct antenna is a kind of microstrip line antenna, be installed in lip-deep 4 the mems switch states of antenna aperture by control, this antenna structure symmetry is in the restructuring procedure of directional diagram, operating frequency remains unchanged, therefore, do not need to add the coupling open stub, be easier to design, but this antenna can only be realized the directed reconstruct of directional diagram, does not have the omnidirectional radiation characteristic.In order to reduce the size of antenna, effectively reduce the SAR value, reduce it to the radiation of human body, the present invention proposes a kind of reconstruct antenna for mobile phone that omnidirectional and orientation direction figure can be provided.
The present invention is by changing the angle between reflection oscillator and director dipole and the excitation oscillator, increase the quantity of director dipole, add parasitic oscillator in vertical direction, load the method that RF-PIN diode and medium bury oscillator, keeping having realized antenna pattern omnidirectional and directed reconstruct under the constant situation of operating frequency.This radiation pattern can change the antenna pattern of antenna according to the practical communication situation: when not having communication, antenna is operated in the omnidirectional radiation state, has guaranteed the sensitivity of antenna; If when communicating, antenna is operated in the directed radiation state, main beam deviates from human body, and energy reconstruct main beam radiation direction, and in order to guarantee to receive the antenna backward signal, the antenna back beam also has gain, but smaller.This antenna is under the prerequisite that guarantees communication quality, effectively reduced the SAR value, reduced the harmful radiation of electromagnetic wave to human body, improved the overall performance of system, and this antenna has good antenna gain, size is relatively little, simple in structure, symmetrical, be easy to the processing design, be convenient to produce in batches, and with low cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of satisfy low radiated communications demand, wide band reconstructable microstrip aerial.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone, by two medium substrates, four bending shape parasitic elements, four straight parasitic elements of level, six RF-PIN switches, two dipole excitation oscillators, two vertical parasitic oscillators, a balancer and a coaxial feeder are formed, the first bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of first level, straight passive the shaking of second level, the second bending shape parasitic element links together by said sequence by the RF-PIN switch and constitutes first syndeton, the 3rd bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of the 3rd level, straight passive the shaking of the 4th level, the 4th bending shape parasitic element links together by said sequence by the RF-PIN switch and constitutes second syndeton; First syndeton and the second syndeton symmetric arrangement, two dipole excitation oscillators are arranged between first bindiny mechanism and second syndeton, first dipole excitation oscillator links to each other with the balancer outer wall, and second dipole excitation oscillator is connected with the coaxial feeder of balancer inside.
Bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of level, dipole excitation oscillator are arranged between two medium substrates; The first vertical parasitic oscillator is printed on the first medium substrate upper surface, and the second vertical parasitic oscillator is printed on the second medium substrate lower surface.
Two straight parasitic elements of level in the middle of first syndeton and second syndeton can be replaced by a straight parasitic element of big level.
Two vertical parasitic oscillators, two dipole excitation oscillators are arranged in this place, device axis.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
This antenna has simple in structure, adopt bending shape parasitic element and stacked microstrip line construction technology, effectively reduce the physical dimension of antenna, increase orientation direction figure main beam width, this antenna has used the reconstruct of 6 PIN diode realization antenna patterns, can increase the impedance bandwidth of antenna significantly, cover " 3G " frequency range and ISM band, thereby the wide frequency communication demand is satisfied in design.This antenna adopts the horizontal direction at the excitation oscillator to load the technology that parasitic element and vertical direction load parasitic oscillator, the gain that improves the antenna omnidirectional directional diagram.This antenna SAR value is little, and radiation is low, the efficient height, and simple in structure, easy to process, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the basic structure of the invention process example 1;
Fig. 2 is the end view of the basic structure of the invention process example 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the basic structure of the invention process example 2;
Fig. 4 is the end view of the basic structure of the invention process example 2;
Fig. 5 is the front view of the basic structure of the invention process example 3;
Fig. 6 is the end view of the basic structure of the invention process example 3.
Embodiment
Giving an example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this is done in more detail invention and describes:
The present invention relates to a kind of directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone.This antenna belongs to the microband paste Yagi antenna, this antenna is by medium substrate 201,202, bending shape parasitic element 101,107,109,115, the straight parasitic element 103 of level, 105,111,113, RF-PIN switch 102,104,106,110,112,114, dipole excitation oscillator 108,116, vertical parasitic oscillator 203,204, balancer 205 and coaxial feeder 206 are formed.Wherein bend the shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of level, RF-PIN switch and dipole excitation oscillator can be according to little band Yagi antenna principle and the designs of directional diagram reconstructable aerial principle.
The straight parasitic element of bending shape parasitic element and level constitutes director dipole or reflection oscillator, vertical parasitic oscillator plays the director dipole effect, the state of RF-PIN switch control reflection oscillator and director dipole, realize omnidirectional and the directed radiation of antenna pattern, dipole excitation oscillator links to each other with coaxial feeder with balancer respectively, balancer is realized the conversion of aerial balance-unbalanced circuit, plays the impedance matching effect.
Bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of level, RF-PIN switch and dipole excitation oscillator have constituted little band Yagi antenna structure, disconnection (or closed) by RF-PIN switch and RF-PIN switch, the disconnection (or connection) of control bending shape parasitic element and the straight parasitic element of level, the disconnection (or connection) of bending shape parasitic element and the straight parasitic element of level is operated in parasitic element and reflects oscillator (or director dipole) state, reaches the purpose of control antenna directional diagram reconstruct.
This antenna buries microstrip antenna in medium, constitutes stacked microstrip antenna structure, by embedded microstrip antenna correlation technique design, has effectively reduced antenna size.
The disconnection (or connection) of bending shape parasitic element and the straight parasitic element of level, the director dipole (or reflecting oscillator) of bending shape parasitic element and disconnection (or connection) the formation antenna of the straight parasitic element of level, regulate bending shape parasitic element angle energy flexible antenna impedance, increase the width of antenna horizontal directivity pattern main beam, improve the gain of antenna main beam.
Vertical parasitic oscillator and the parallel and stacked placement of dipole excitation oscillator have constituted stacked structure, can effectively improve antenna gain in vertical direction, and increase impedance bandwidth simultaneously.
In addition, dipole excitation oscillator is connected with system electric feed signal line by balancer 205 and coaxial line 206.The present invention adopts little band Yagi antenna structure and stacked microstrip antenna structure, adopted bending shape parasitic element and the vertical parasitic oscillator technology of loading simultaneously, not only effectively reduced antenna size, broadening antenna impedance bandwidth, and greatly reduce the SAR value of antenna, improved the performance of antenna.
If working frequency range only needs 3G or ISM band, this antenna can just be used RF-PIN switch (102,106,110,114), to simplify the antenna design, reduces cost.
The angle of this antenna bending shape parasitic element (101,107,109,115) can be adjusted, thereby changes main beam width and the gain of antenna.
Dipole excitation oscillator is connected with system electric feed signal line by balancer (205) and coaxial line (206), the while integrated balancer (Ba Lun).Also can adopt the feed microstrip line mode, use independently matching network, improve the matching of antenna radiator and feeder line, the impedance bandwidth of broadening antenna.
Parasitic oscillator on the vertical direction can load the RF-PIN switch, the antenna pattern on the reconstruct vertical direction.
According to the advantage of little band Yagi antenna structure realization directional diagram reconstruct and embedded microstrip antenna technology, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
1, this antenna is the directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone that is applied to 3G frequency range and ISM band, can design by little band Yagi antenna theory and directional diagram reconstructable aerial theory, this antenna has omni-directional pattern and orientation direction figure recombination function, and antenna structure is simple, be easy to coupling, realize miniaturization easily.
2, this antenna adopts stacked microstrip line construction, can effectively reduce the length of antenna oscillator, adopt little band Yagi antenna structure of symmetry simultaneously, not need to mate open stub, be easy to design and making, be suitable in mobile phone and portable radio communication device, using.
3, this antenna has used the parasitic oscillator 203 of bending shape parasitic element 101,107,109,115 technology and vertical direction, 204 technology, has increased the antenna gain on main beam width and the vertical direction, improves the omnidirectional radiation performance of antenna.
4, this antenna loads the RF-PIN switching technique between the straight parasitic element 103 of level, 105,111,113, effectively the impedance bandwidth of broadening antenna.
Embodiment 1:
An example of the directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone that the present invention relates to as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.This antenna is by medium substrate (201,202), bending shape parasitic element (101,107,109,115), the straight parasitic element of level (103,105,111,113), RF-PIN switch (102,104,106,110,112,114), dipole excitation oscillator (108,116), vertical parasitic oscillator (203,204), balancer (205) and coaxial feeder (206) are formed.The end view of antenna as shown in Figure 2, wherein 101 and 107 are Fig. 1 right side bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element in 103 and 105 Fig. 1 right sides, 102 and 104 is Fig. 1 right side PF-PIN switch, 205 is balancer, 206 is coaxial feeder.According to structure illustrated in figures 1 and 2, as long as select suitable dimensions, just can satisfy the demand of directional diagram reconstruct and wideband impedance bandwidth.
Described a kind of directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone, whole bending shape parasitic elements of this antenna, whole straight parasitic elements of level, all RF-PIN switches and two dipole excitation oscillators bury in medium substrate 201 and and medium substrate 202 between, vertical parasitic oscillator 203 is printed on 201 upper surface of medium substrate, vertical parasitic oscillator 204 is printed on the following face of medium substrate 202, constitute stacked structure with dipole excitation oscillator, dipole excitation oscillator 108 links to each other with balancer 205 outer walls, dipole excitation oscillator 116 is connected with balancer 205 inner coaxial lines, and balancer is realized by metal printed line or microstrip line in the reality.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, another kind of embodiment of the present invention is on the basis of embodiment 1, removes the RF-PIN switch.By regulating bending angle and parasitic element and the active dipole oscillator distance of bending shape parasitic element, can adjust the gain of antenna impedance bandwidth and directional diagram, make designed antenna satisfy required communication requirement.This antenna is by medium substrate (401,403), bending shape parasitic element (301,305,307,311), the straight parasitic element of level (303,309), RF-PIN switch (302,304,308,310), dipole excitation oscillator (306,312), vertical parasitic oscillator (404,405), balancer (406) and and coaxial feeder (407) composition.According to structure illustrated in figures 1 and 2, as long as size is suitable, just can satisfy the demand of the directional diagram reconstruct of arrowband frequency range.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, another kind of embodiment of the present invention is at the straight parasitic element of only employing level, dipole excitation oscillator and RF-PIN switch designs directional diagram reconstructable aerial.The radiating element of this antenna can utilize Yagi antenna theory and directional diagram reconstructable aerial theory to design.This antenna is by medium substrate (601,602), bending shape parasitic element (501,507,509,515), the straight parasitic element of level (503,505,511,513), RF-PIN switch (502,504,506,510,512,514), dipole excitation oscillator (508,516), balancer (603) and and coaxial feeder (604) composition.According to structure shown in Figure 4, as long as select suitable dimensions just can satisfy the demand of the directional diagram reconstruct of arrowband frequency range.
Claims (4)
1. directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone, by two medium substrates, four bending shape parasitic elements, four straight parasitic elements of level, six RF-PIN switches, two dipole excitation oscillators, two vertical parasitic oscillators, a balancer and a coaxial feeder are formed, it is characterized in that: the first bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of first level, straight passive the shaking of second level, the second bending shape parasitic element links together by said sequence by the RF-PIN switch and constitutes first syndeton, the 3rd bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of the 3rd level, straight passive the shaking of the 4th level, the 4th bending shape parasitic element links together by said sequence by the RF-PIN switch and constitutes second syndeton; First syndeton and the second syndeton symmetric arrangement, two dipole excitation oscillators are arranged between first bindiny mechanism and second syndeton, first dipole excitation oscillator links to each other with the balancer outer wall, and second dipole excitation oscillator is connected with the coaxial feeder of balancer inside.
2. a kind of directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described bending shape parasitic element, the straight parasitic element of level, dipole excitation oscillator are arranged between two medium substrates; The first vertical parasitic oscillator is printed on the first medium substrate upper surface, and the second vertical parasitic oscillator is printed on the second medium substrate lower surface.
3. a kind of directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: two straight parasitic elements of level in the middle of described first syndeton and second syndeton can be replaced by a straight parasitic element of big level.
4. a kind of directional diagram reconstructable antenna for mobile phone according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described two vertical parasitic oscillators, two dipoles excitation oscillators are arranged in this device axis and locate.
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