CN105006660B - Switchable type antenna - Google Patents
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- CN105006660B CN105006660B CN201410154895.4A CN201410154895A CN105006660B CN 105006660 B CN105006660 B CN 105006660B CN 201410154895 A CN201410154895 A CN 201410154895A CN 105006660 B CN105006660 B CN 105006660B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of switchable type antenna, for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes a substrate；One first irradiation unit, is formed on a upper surface of the substrate, and the one first bending section and one second extended comprising one first center and respectively by first center bends section；One second irradiation unit, it is formed on a lower surface of the substrate, include one second center and respectively by second center extend one the 3rd bending section and one the 4th bending section, the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section respectively to should first bending section and this second bending section set；First, second antenna element, respectively to should first, second bending section be arranged on the upper surface；First, second switching device, for first, second antenna element is switched into a reflector or a parasitic radiator respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switchable type antenna, espespecially one kind, which is avoided that, disturbs and improves signal dead angle (dead
Zone), and adaptability switch to the switchable type antenna of omni-directional mode or directing mode.
Background technology
Antenna is for launching or receiving radio wave, to transmit or exchange radio signal.Common antenna is according to its spoke
Omni-directional and directive property can be divided into by penetrating Waveform mode；As its name suggests, the field pattern of omni-directional antenna is without certain party tropism, therefore has
There is preferred coverage rate, and the field pattern of oriented antenna can lift the efficiency of transmission of specific direction then generally towards a specific direction.
In general, after the completion of Antenna Design, its directionality is to have determined that.However, different radio communication applications may be needed
Operate in different mode, therefore, how communication device to be switched into omni-directional mode (Omni mode) by effective percentage or mould is pointed to
Formula (Directional mode), just turns into one of target that industry is made great efforts.
The content of the invention
Therefore, present invention is primarily aimed at a kind of switchable type antenna is provided, it can switch to omni-directional mode or point to mould
Formula, and be avoided that interference and improve signal dead angle.
For up to this upper purpose, the present invention discloses a kind of switchable type antenna, for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes a base
Plate, includes a upper surface and a lower surface；One first irradiation unit, is formed on the upper surface of the substrate, includes one
First center and the one first bending section extended respectively by first center and one second bending section；One second radiation
Portion, is formed on the lower surface of the substrate, includes one second center and extended respectively by second center one
Three bending sections and one the 4th bending section, the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section are respectively to should the first bent area
Section and the second bending section are set；One first antenna element, to should first bending section be arranged on the upper surface；One
First switching device, is electrically connected to the first antenna element, for the first antenna element is switched into a reflector or one posted
Raw radiant body；One second antenna element, to should second bending section be arranged on the upper surface；And one second switching member
Part, is electrically connected to second antenna element, for second antenna element is switched into a reflector or a parasitic radiator.
The present invention separately discloses a kind of switchable type antenna, for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes a substrate, includes on one
Surface and a lower surface；One first irradiation unit, is formed on the upper surface of the substrate, includes：One first bending section；
And one second bending section；And one second irradiation unit, it is formed on the lower surface of the substrate, includes a center；
One the 3rd bending section, is extended by the center, and is electrically connected to the first bending section by one first connection post, and to should
First bending section is set；And one the 4th bending section, extended by the center, and by one second connection post be electrically connected to this
Second bending section, and to should second bending section set.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1AFig. 1 C are respectively the front, the back side, perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 1 DFig. 1 E are respectively Figure 1A switchable type antenna operation in an omni-directional mode and the electric current of a directing mode
Distribution schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows for Figure 1A switchable type antenna operation in antenna resonance (voltage standing wave ratio) analog result of omni-directional mode
It is intended to；
When Fig. 3 A are not turned on for Figure 1A switching device, switchable type antenna is 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz's
Antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 B are during only one switching element conductive, switchable type antenna is in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies in Figure 1A switching device
5500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 C are during two switching device conductings, switchable type antenna is in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies in Figure 1A switching device
5500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
When Fig. 4 A are not turned on for Figure 1A switching device, antenna patterns illustrated characteristic actual measurement of the switchable type antenna at 60 degree of angles
Result schematic diagram；
When Fig. 4 B switch element conductive in Figure 1A switching device only one, antenna field of the switchable type antenna at 60 degree of angles
Type characteristic measured result schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 AFig. 5 D are respectively front, the back side, perspective and the equivalent circuit of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 A are the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior knot for the switchable type antenna respective frequencies 2500MHz that Fig. 5 A have adjustment element
Fruit schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 B are the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior for the switchable type antenna respective frequencies 2500MHz that Fig. 5 A do not have adjustment element
Result schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 A are Fig. 5 A switchable type antenna operation in the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram of a directing mode；
Fig. 7 B are the antenna resonance analog result schematic diagram of Fig. 5 A switchable type antenna；
When Fig. 8 A are not turned on for Fig. 5 A switching device, switchable type antenna is 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz's
Antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 B are during two switching device conductings, switchable type antenna is in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies in Fig. 5 A switching device
2450MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
When Fig. 8 C are not turned on for two switching devices in Fig. 5 A switching device, switchable type antenna is in 60 degree of angle correspondence frequencies
Rate 2450MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram；
When Fig. 9 A are not turned on for Fig. 5 A switching device, antenna patterns illustrated characteristic actual measurement of the switchable type antenna at 60 degree of angles
Result schematic diagram；
In the switching device that Fig. 9 B are Fig. 5 A during two switching devices conductings, antenna field of the switchable type antenna at 60 degree of angles
Type characteristic measured result schematic diagram；
When Fig. 9 C are not turned on for two switching devices in Fig. 5 A switching device, antenna of the switchable type antenna at 60 degree of angles
Field pattern characteristic measured result schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Figure 11 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Figure 12 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Figure 13 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Figure 14 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Figure 15 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Symbol description
10th, 50,60,68,80,82,84,92 switchable type antenna
12nd, 52 substrate
12a, 52a upper surface
12b, 52b lower surface
14 control modules
100th, 110,500,510 irradiation unit
101st, 111,511 center
102nd, 104,106,502,504,506,1302,1304, upper surface bending section 1306,1402,1404,
1406、1702、1704、1706
112nd, 114,116,512,514,516,1312,1314, lower surface bending section 1316,1412,1414,
1416、1712、1714、1716
122nd, 124,126,1022,1024,1026 antenna element
132nd, 134,136,532,534,536 switching device
142nd, 144,146,1042,1044,1046 extension of section
152a, 152b, 154a, 154b, 156a, 156b, 552, flow plug 554,556,558
162nd, 164,166,562,564,566 resistance
102a106b、112a116b、502a506c、512aIt is segmented 516e, 522a526c、1302a1306c、
1312a1316c、1402a1406d、1412a1416d、1702a1706c、1712a1716e
θ1 θ3、φ1 φ3、α1 α6、β1 β12、δ1 δ6, angle α1’α6’、β1’β12’
D1, D2, D3 distance
522nd, 524,526 adjustment element
542nd, 544,546,1442,1444,1446,1492,1494, DC rel. 1496
572nd, 574,576 reflector segment
582nd, 584,586,1482,1484,1486 connection post
56 radio-frequency signal processing modules
X, Y, Z direction
Embodiment
It refer to Figure 1AFig. 1 E, Figure 1AFig. 1 C be respectively the switchable type antenna 10 of the embodiment of the present invention one front,
The back side, perspective diagram, and Fig. 1 DFig. 1 E are respectively then that switchable type antenna 10 operates in an omni-directional mode (omni mode)
And one directing mode (directional mode) CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram.Such as Figure 1AShown in Fig. 1 C, switchable type antenna
10 can be used for a Wireless LAN (Wireless LAN for such as meeting IEEE 802.11) for transceiving radio frequency signal.Can
Suitching type antenna 10 include a substrate 12, irradiation unit 100,110, antenna element 122,124,126, switching device 132,134,
136th, extension of section 142,144,146, flow plug (chock) 152a, 152b, 154a, 154b, 156a, 156b, resistance 162,
164、166.Irradiation unit 100 is formed on a upper surface 12a of substrate 12, is included a center 101 and is extended by center 101
The upper surface bending section 102,104,106 gone out.Irradiation unit 110 is formed on a lower surface 12b of substrate 12, includes one
Center 111 and the lower surface bending section 112,114,116 extended by center 111.One end of antenna element 122,124,126
Be coupled to respectively via switching device 132,134,136 and extension of section 142,144,146 for dc source is provided one
Control module 14, the other end is then coupled to ground via resistance 162,164,166 respectively, therefore, when control module 14 is controlled respectively
When switching device 132,134,136 is turned on, antenna element 122,124,126 can switch to a reflector respectively, and when control mould
When block 14 controls the switching device 132,134,136 to be not turned on respectively, antenna element 122,124,126 can switch to one parasitic respectively
Radiant body.Flow plug 152a, 154a, 156a are electrically coupled between system ground terminal and antenna element 122,124,126 respectively, and
Flow plug 152b, 154b, 156b are then electrically coupled between control module 14 and antenna element 122,124,126 respectively, to limit
The radiofrequency signal resonated in antenna element 122,124,126 processed, it is to avoid radiofrequency signal disturbs control module 14.
In short, the conducting situation by controlling switching device 132,134,136, antenna element 122,124,126 can divide
A reflector or a parasitic radiator are not switched to, so that switchable type antenna 10 operates in omni-directional mode or directing mode, and
The directive property of switchable type antenna 10 can be further adjusted, to avoid interference.
Specifically, when switching device 132,134,136 is not turned on, antenna element 122,124,126 switches respectively
For a parasitic radiator, to increase frequency range, and make switchable type antenna 10 operate in an omni-directional mode and receive and dispatch with omni-directional to penetrate
Frequency signal, with profit detecting, searches platform (Stat ion) or its omni-directional operation demand.When switching device 132,134,136 wherein
When one (such as switching device 136) is turned on, the one of which of antenna element 122,124,126 (such as antenna element 126) switches to one
Reflector, and other antenna elements are then parasitic radiator (such as antenna element 122,124), and operate switchable type antenna 10
In a directing mode with directive property ground transceiving radio frequency signal (as towards a direction Y), so as to lift efficiency of transmission, power consumption is reduced.
When only the one of which of switching device 132,134,136 (such as switching device 136) is not turned on, antenna element 122,124,126
One of which (such as antenna element 126) switches to a parasitic radiator, and other antenna elements are then reflector (such as antenna element
122nd, 124), the directive property (being such as in reverse to direction Y) of switchable type antenna 10 can be improved, and is penetrated by narrower wave beam transmitting-receiving
Frequency signal, to avoid interference.
For the quality of with improving omni-directional transceiving radio frequency signal, the geometry of switchable type antenna 10 can make changeable
The stable ring current of the formation of formula antenna 10.Specifically, bending section 102 in upper surface includes segmentation 102a, 102b, upper table
Face bending section 104 includes segmentation 104a, 104b, and upper surface bending section 106 includes segmentation 106a, 106b.By dividing
One 90 degree of angle thetas between section 102a, 102b1, segmentation 104a, 104b between one 90 degree of angle thetas2, segmentation 106a, 106b it
Between one 90 degree of angle thetas3, upper surface, which bends section 102,104,106, can form the L font structures bent clockwise respectively,
And decile space.Similarly, lower surface bending section 112 includes segmentation 112a, 112b, and lower surface bending section 114 is included
There are segmentation 114a, 114b, lower surface bending section 116 includes segmentation 116a, 116b.By being segmented between 112a, 112b
One 90 degree of included angles1, segmentation 114a, 114b between one 90 degree of included angles2, segmentation 116a, 116b between one 90 degree of angles
φ3, lower surface, which bends section 112,114,116, can form the L font structures bent counterclockwise, and decile space respectively.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1 C, in a upright projection direction Z, center 101,111 is overlapping, and upper surface bends the up time of section 102,104,106
The L font structures for the bending counterclockwise that the L font structures of pin bending bend section 112,114,116 with lower surface form one respectively
T font structures.Accordingly, when switchable type antenna 10 transmits radiofrequency signal in omni-directional mode, electric current is as shown in figure iD with suitable
Hour hands are counterclockwise distributed in irradiation unit 100,110, and switchable type antenna 10 is had Ya Fute annulars (Alford
Loop) antenna effect, and by the geometric properties of switchable type antenna 10, upright projection direction can be made Z-shaped into radiation pattern
Zero point (nul l), and switchable type antenna 10 a T font structures produce radiofrequency signal because time delay can be with another T
The radiofrequency signal that font structure is produced mutually is added in space to be multiplied, and forms omni-directional field pattern.
In order to strengthen the directive property of switchable type antenna 10, center 111 and antenna element 122,124,126 apart from D1,
D2, D3 can be between the corresponding operative wavelength of 0.15 to 0.25 times of centre frequency, center 111 and antenna elements 122,124,126
It is preferably the corresponding operative wavelength of 0.15 times of centre frequency apart from D1, D2, D3, so that operation frequency range (such as 5150MHz
5850MHz) the front and rear field pattern ratio (F/B) in 60 degree of angles (i.e. 30 degree of the X/Y plane elevation angle) is more than 5dB.In other words, switchable type day
The antenna resonance mechanism of line 10 is similar to loop aerial, therefore meets the distance of yagi aerial reflector and radiant body between 0.15
To 0.25 times of operative wavelength.
By simulation and measure can determine whether switchable type antenna 10 different frequency antenna radiation patterns whether
Meet system requirements.It refer to Fig. 2Fig. 4 B, Fig. 2 are the antenna resonance (voltage that switchable type antenna 10 operates in omni-directional mode
Standing-wave ratio) analog result schematic diagram, wherein, dotted line, which represents switchable type antenna, does not have the antenna of antenna element 122,124,126
Resonate analog result, and solid line represents the antenna resonance simulation for the switchable type antenna 10 for including antenna element 122,124,126
As a result.As shown in Fig. 2 frequency range can be effectively increased by including the switchable type antenna 10 of antenna element 122,124,126.Due to reality
Coordinate when border is applied, a sheet of metallic plate more and be arranged at the lower section of switchable type antenna 10, to provide shielding (shielding) effect
Or other purposes, but the radiation pattern for causing switchable type antenna 10 is offset up and produces an inclination angle by large stretch of metallic plate
Degree.In order to which the characteristic of switchable type antenna 10 is suitably presented, preferably sampling switchable type antenna 10, (i.e. X/Y plane is faced upward at 60 degree of angles
30 degree of angle) field pattern data.When Fig. 3 A are that switching device 132,134,136 is not turned on, switchable type antenna 10 is at 60 degree of angles
Respective frequencies 5500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram.Fig. 3 B be switching device 132,134,136 in only all
When changing element conductive, antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result signal of the switchable type antenna 10 in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz
Figure.Fig. 3 C are during two switching devices conductings, switchable type antenna 10 is in 60 degree of angles correspondence frequencies in switching device 132,134,136
Rate 5500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram., can when Fig. 4 A are that switching device 132,134,136 is not turned on
Suitching type antenna 10 is in the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles, and Fig. 4 B is in switching devices 132,134,136
During only one switching element conductive, antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna 10 at 60 degree of angles.Such as Fig. 3 AShown in Fig. 4 B, when the quantity that switching device is turned on is more, wave beam is more concentrated.
On the other hand, Fig. 5 A be refer toFig. 5 D, Fig. 5 AFig. 5 D are respectively the switchable type antenna of the embodiment of the present invention one
50 front, the back side, perspective and schematic equivalent circuit.Such as Fig. 5 AShown in Fig. 5 C, switchable type antenna 50 can also be used for one
Wireless LAN (Wireless LAN for such as meeting IEEE 802.55) is for transceiving radio frequency signal.Switchable type antenna
50 include a substrate 52, irradiation unit 500,510, adjustment element 522,524,526, switching device 532,534,536, direct current break
Electrical equipment (Direct Current Block) 542,544,546, flow plug (chock) 552,554,556,558, resistance 562,
564、566.Irradiation unit 500 is formed on a upper surface 52a of substrate 52, include upper surface bending section 502,504,
506.Irradiation unit 510 is formed on a lower surface 52b of substrate 52, is included a center 511, is extended by center 511
Lower surface bending section 512,514,516, reflector segment 572,574,576, connection post (Via) 582,584,586.Lower surface is curved
The correspondence upper surface bending section 502,504,506 of folding area section 512,514,516, and be electrically connected by connecting post 582,584,586
Upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is connected to, wherein, connection post 582,584,586 is arranged in substrate 52.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5 D, one end of switching device 532,534,536 is respectively coupled to the one of offer AC signal and penetrated
Audio signalprocessing module 56 and system ground terminal is coupled to via flow plug 558, it is curved that the other end is then respectively electrically connected to upper surface
Folding area section 502,504,506 and via upper surface bend section 502,504,506, flow plug 552,554,556 and resistance 562,
564th, 566 and be coupled to provide dc source a control module 54.Therefore, when control module 54 controls switching device respectively
532nd, during 534,536 conducting, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 can be respectively connecting to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, with
Transceiving radio frequency signal, and when control module 54 controls switching device 532,534,536 to be not turned on respectively, upper surface bending section
502nd, 504,506 it cannot connect to radio-frequency signal processing module 56.Wherein, flow plug 552,554,556,558 can limit upper table
The radiofrequency signal that resonates in face bending section 502,504,506, to avoid radiofrequency signal from disturbing control module 54, and DC dump
Device 542,544,546 can avoid upper surface bends section 502,504,506 one of which (such as upper surface bent area section 502)
Dc source be transferred to via connection post 582,584,586 other upper surfaces bend sections (such as upper surface bent area section 504,
506).Reflector segment 572,574,576 is respectively arranged between two adjacent lower surface bending sections, to strengthen switchable type day
The directive property of line 50.
In short, the conducting situation by controlling switching device 532,534,536, upper surface bending section 502,504,
506 can be respectively connecting to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, so that switchable type antenna 50 operates in omni-directional mode or directing mode,
And the directive property of switchable type antenna 50 can be further adjusted by reflector segment 572,574,576, to avoid interference.
Specifically, when switching device 532,534,536 is both turned on, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is distinguished
Radio-frequency signal processing module 56 is connected to, and section 512,514,516 is bent by the lower surface of electrical connection and can make to cut
Formula antenna 50 is changed with annular (Alford loop) antenna effects of Ya Fute, therefore switchable type antenna 50 operates in an omnidirectional
Pattern with profit detecting, searches platform (Stat ion) or its omni-directional operation demand with omni-directional ground transceiving radio frequency signal.Work as switching
When the one of which of element 532,534,536 (such as switching device 536) is not turned on, only two upper surfaces bend section (such as upper table
Face bends section 502,504) is still connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, and bends section (such as following table with corresponding lower surface
Face bending section 512,514) formation folded dipole (Folded dipole antenna) structure, and because of corresponding reflection
The effect of section (such as reflector segment 574,576), therefore switchable type antenna 50 operated in a directing mode and received with directive property
Radiofrequency signal (such as one direction Y of direction) is sent out, so as to lift efficiency of transmission, power consumption is reduced.When only switching device 532,534,536
When one of which (such as switching device 536) is turned on, only upper surface bending section (such as upper surface bent area section 506) is still connected to
Radio-frequency signal processing module 56, and form folded dipole with corresponding lower surface bending section (such as lower surface bent area section 516)
Antenna structure, and because of the effect of corresponding reflector segment (such as reflector segment 574,576), and switchable type antenna 50 can be improved
Directive property (is such as in reverse to direction Y), and by narrower wave beam transceiving radio frequency signal, to avoid interference.
For the quality of with improving omni-directional transceiving radio frequency signal, the geometry of switchable type antenna 50 can make changeable
The stable ring current of the formation of formula antenna 50.Specifically, upper surface bending section 502 include segmentation 502a, 502b,
502c, upper surface bending section 504 includes segmentation 504a, 504b, 504c, and upper surface bending section 506 includes segmentation
506a、506b、506c.By being segmented 502a90 degree of angle αs 1 between 506cα 6, upper surface bending section 502,504,
506 can form bending structure clockwise, and decile space respectively.Similarly, lower surface bending section 512 includes segmentation 512a512e, lower surface bending section 514 includes segmentation 514a514e, lower surface bending section 516 includes segmentation 516a516e.By being segmented 512a90 degree of angle β between 516e1 β12, lower surface, which bends section 512,514,516, to be divided
Bending structure counterclockwise, and decile space are not formed.As shown in Figure 5 C, in a upright projection direction Z, upper surface bending section
502nd, 504,506 the folded dipole structure that section 512,514,516 forms a closing respectively is bent with lower surface.Also,
Lower surface bending section 512,514,516 can by connect post 582,584,586 and be electrically connected to upper surface bend section 502,
504、506.Accordingly, when switchable type antenna 50 transmits radiofrequency signal in omni-directional mode, switchable type antenna 50 has sub- good fortune
Special annular (Alford loop) antenna effect.
In order to strengthen the directive property of switchable type antenna 10, it is adjacent that reflector segment 572,574,576 is respectively arranged at two
Between lower surface bending section, section 502,504,506 is bent with correspondence upper surface and bends section 512,514,516 with lower surface
The folded dipole structure formed respectively, and with the characteristic for being similar to yagi aerial reflection.Adjustment element 522 includes
522a, 522b, 522c are segmented, adjustment element 524 includes segmentation 524a, 524b, 524c, and adjustment element 526 includes segmentation
526a、526b、526c.Also, by being segmented 522aAngle δ between 526c1 δ6, correspondence reflector segment 572,574,
576 adjustment elements 522,524,526 set can form a bow-shaped structural respectively, be had a common boundary with the radiation pattern for strengthening directing mode
The antenna gain at place, in other words, it is wide that adjustment element 522,524,526 can increase wave beam, to improve signal dead angle (dead
zone).Specifically, refer to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 A is the switchable type antenna 50 with adjustment element 522,524,526
Respective frequencies 2500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram, Fig. 6 B are the switchable type antenna for not having adjustment element
Respective frequencies 2500MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram.As shown in figs. 6 a and 6b, with adjustment element 522,
524th, the wave beam of 526 switchable type antenna 50 is wider.
In addition, the geometry of switchable type antenna 50 can also take into account the impedance matching of omni-directional mode and directing mode.In detail
For thin, when switchable type antenna 50 operates in omni-directional mode, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is connected to radio frequency letter
Number processing module 56, and when switchable type antenna 50 operates in directing mode, only the upper surface bending section 502 of part, 504,
506 (such as upper surface bent area sections 506) are connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56.However, due to upper surface bending section (such as
Upper surface bends section 506) lower surface bent area can be electrically connected to by connecting post 582,584,586 (such as connection post 586)
Section (such as lower surface bent area section 516), and lower surface bending section (such as lower surface bent area section 516) can connect via center 511
It is connected to other lower surfaces bending section (such as lower surface bent area section 512,514) and corresponding upper surface bending section (such as upper table
Face bending section 502,504), therefore the upper surface of part is bent section when switchable type antenna 50 operates in directing mode
502nd, 504,506 (such as upper surface bent areas section 506) is connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, other upper surfaces bending sections and
Lower surface bending section (such as upper surface bent area section 502,504 and lower surface bending section 512,514) also has reverse current, and
It can ensure that impedance matching.For example, Fig. 7 A are the electricity that switchable type of embodiment of the present invention antenna 50 operates in a directing mode
Flow distribution schematic diagram, Fig. 7 B are the antenna resonance analog result schematic diagram of switchable type antenna 50, wherein, choice refreshments line is changeable
Formula antenna 50 operates in the antenna resonance analog result of omni-directional mode, and thick dotted line, carefully refining line, thick refining line are respectively upper surface bending
Antenna return loss (S11 values) analog result of section 502,504,506, dotted line, heavy line, fine line are respectively that upper surface is curved
The isolation between antennas analog result of folding area section 502,504,506.
By simulation and measure can determine whether switchable type antenna 50 different frequency antenna radiation patterns whether
Meet system requirements.Coordinate during due to practical application, a sheet of metallic plate more and be arranged at the lower section of switchable type antenna 50, to provide
Shield (shielding) effect or other purposes, however large stretch of metallic plate will cause the radiation pattern of switchable type antenna 50 to
It is upper skew and produce an angle of inclination.In order to which the characteristic of switchable type antenna 50 is suitably presented, switchable type antenna is preferably sampled
50 60 degree of angles (i.e. 30 degree of the X/Y plane elevation angle) field pattern data.Refer to Fig. 8 A to Fig. 9 C, Fig. 8 A be switching device 532,
534th, 536 when being not turned on, antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result of the switchable type antenna 50 in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz
Schematic diagram.Fig. 8 B are during two switching devices conductings, switchable type antenna 50 is at 60 degree of angles pair in switching device 532,534,536
Answer frequency 2450MHz antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram.Fig. 8 C are two switchings in switching device 532,534,536
When element is not turned on, antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result signal of the switchable type antenna 50 in 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz
Figure, when Fig. 9 A are that switching device 532,534,536 is both turned on, antenna patterns illustrated characteristic actual measurement of the switchable type antenna 50 at 60 degree of angles
Result schematic diagram, Fig. 9 B are during two switching devices conductings, switchable type antenna 50 is at 60 degree in switching device 532,534,536
The antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at angle, Fig. 9 C are not turned on for two switching devices in switching device 532,534,536
When, antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna 50 at 60 degree of angles.As shown in Fig. 8 A to Fig. 9 C, work as switching
When the quantity of element conductive is fewer, wave beam is more concentrated.
It is worth noting that, switchable type antenna 10,50 is embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art works as can
Different changes are done according to this.For example, the switching device of switchable type antenna can be the switch elements such as diode or transistor,
Its number can correspond to the number of upper surface bending section and adjust, however, a upper surface bending section is not limited to correspondence one
Individual switching device, and multiple switching devices can be corresponded to.Switchable type antenna includes under three upper surface bending sections and three
Surface bends section, but the invention is not restricted to this, and switchable type antenna can include multiple upper surface bending sections and multiple
Lower surface bends section, or, switchable type antenna only includes two upper surface bending sections and two lower surface bent areas
Section.Also, upper surface bending section 102,104,106 substantially radial balanced configurations and decile space, therefore corresponding following table
Face bends the also substantially radial balanced configuration of section 112,114,116, and upper surface bending section 502,504,506 substantially footpath
To balanced configuration and decile space, therefore the bending also substantially radial balanced configuration of section 512,514,516 of corresponding lower surface,
But the invention is not restricted to this, and it can be symmetrical arrangements, rectangular arrangement and mirror configuration.In addition, the day of switchable type antenna 10
Kind of thread elements 122,124,126, upper surface bending section 102,104,106 and lower surface bending section 112,114,116 have respectively
There is an identical size, and the upper surface bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface bending section 512 of switchable type antenna 50,
514th, 516 have identical size respectively, but the invention is not restricted to this, and visible system demand or design consideration are matched somebody with somebody for sizes
Put.In addition, antenna element 122,124,126, the segmentation 522a of adjustment element 522,524,526526c, upper surface bent area
The segmentation 102a of section 102,104,106,502,504,506506c and lower surface bending section 112,114,116,512,514,
516 segmentation 112aA 516e substantially linear structures, but the invention is not restricted to this, antenna element, upper surface bend section
And lower surface bending section is alternatively arc structure.
In addition, the length of antenna element 122,124,126 of switchable type antenna 10 is preferably between in 0.4 to 0.475 times
The corresponding operative wavelength of frequency of heart, to increase frequency range as parasitic radiator.If but switching device 132,134,136 is non-ideal
Switch and have capacitor and inductor effect, then when switching device 132,134,136 is not turned on, portion of electrical current can still flow through switching device
132nd, 134,136, in the case, antenna element 122,124,126 also visible system demand and suitably adjust.For example,
Figure 10 is refer to, Figure 10 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna 60 of the embodiment of the present invention one, the frame of switchable type antenna 60
Structure is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements are continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in Figure 10, switchable type day
The switching device 132,134,136 of line 60 be respectively arranged at antenna element 1022,1024,1026 and extension of section 1042,1044,
Between 1046, and the length for being approximately equal to the length to extension of section 1042 of antenna element 1022, the length of antenna element 1024
It is substantially equal to the length of extension of section 1044, and the length for being approximately equal to the length to extension of section 1046 of antenna element 1026.Value
It is noted that the antenna element and the length ratio not limited to this of extension of section of the present invention, and the characteristic of visual switching device,
The corresponding equivalent aerial leement duration of radiofrequency signal resonated in antenna element, and adjust the length of antenna element and extension of section
Ratio.The configuration sequence of antenna element and extension of section also can be adjusted suitably.In addition, upper surface bending section can form one respectively
Bending structure clockwise, and lower surface bending section is accordingly then bending structure counterclockwise, but be not limited.Upper surface is curved
Folding area section can form bending structure counterclockwise respectively, and lower surface bending section is accordingly then bending structure clockwise.Wherein,
Bending structure for example can also be the L font structures of bending.
Upper surface bends the division number visible system demand of section and lower surface bending section and suitably adjusted.Citing comes
Say, refer to Figure 11, Figure 11 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna 68 of the embodiment of the present invention one, switchable type antenna 68
Framework is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements are continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 11, upper surface is curved
Folding area section 1302 include segmentation 1302a, 1302b, 1302c, upper surface bending section 1304 include segmentation 1304a,
1304b, 1304c, upper surface bending section 1306 include segmentation 1306a, 1306b, 1306c.And lower surface bending section
1312 include segmentation 1312a, 1312b, 1312c, lower surface bending section 1314 include segmentation 1314a, 1314b,
1314c, lower surface bending section 1316 includes segmentation 1316a, 1316b, 1316c.It is worth noting that, upper surface bent area
Segmentation width ratio and the length ratio also visible system demand of section and lower surface bending section and suitably adjust, it is no longer superfluous herein
State.
On the other hand, the structure that the lower surface bending section of switchable type antenna bends section with upper surface can be adjusted suitably
It is whole, and the position for connecting post then corresponds to and changed.For example, Figure 12 is refer to, Figure 12 is the switchable type of the embodiment of the present invention one
The perspective diagram of antenna 80, the framework of switchable type antenna 80 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements continue to use phase
Represented with symbol.Wherein, as shown in figure 12, bending section 1402 in upper surface includes segmentation 1402a1402d, upper surface is curved
Folding area section 1404 includes segmentation 1404a1404d, upper surface bending section 1406 includes segmentation 1406a1406d, and
And, lower surface bending section 1412 includes segmentation 1412a1412d, lower surface bending section 1414 includes segmentation 1414a1414d, lower surface bending section 1416 includes segmentation 1416a1416d.And accordingly, connection post 1482,1484,
1486 are respectively arranged between upper surface bending section 1402,1404,1406 and lower surface bending section 1412,1414,1416
To electrically connect upper surface bending section 1402,1404,1406 section 1412,1414,1416 is bent with lower surface.
In addition, the position of the DC rel. of switchable type antenna also can do suitable between flow plug and the center of irradiation unit
Degree adjustment.For example, Figure 13 is refer to, Figure 13 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna 82 of the embodiment of the present invention one, can
The framework of suitching type antenna 82 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements are continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, such as Figure 13
Shown, DC rel. 1442,1444,1446 is arranged at the end that upper surface bends section 502,504,506.But it is of the invention
It is not limited, for example, refer to Figure 14, Figure 14 illustrates for the perspective of the switchable type antenna 84 of the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure, the framework of switchable type antenna 84 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements are continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein,
As shown in figure 14, DC rel. 1492,1494,1496 is arranged in lower surface bending section 512,514,516.
Also, the geometry of the adjustment element 522,524,526 of switchable type antenna 50 also visible system demand and fit
Work as adjustment.For example the division number of adjustment element 522,524,526 is not limited to 3 sections, and can include multiple segmentations, to add
The antenna gain of the radiation pattern intersection of strong directing mode, and it is wide to increase wave beam, improves signal dead angle.Also, it is segmented it
Between angle, width ratio and length ratio also can corresponding adjustment, will not be repeated here.Also, upper surface bend section and under
Surface bends the division number visible system demand of section and suitably adjusted.For example, upper surface bending section 502,504,
506 can include multiple segmentations respectively with lower surface bending section 512,514,516, and can make upper surface bend section 502,
504th, 506 the convex shape folded dipole structure that section 512,514,516 forms a closing respectively is bent with lower surface.It is worth
It is noted that the segmentation width ratio and length ratio also visible system demand of upper surface bending section and lower surface bending section
And suitably adjust, it will not be repeated here.
Upper surface bends the segmentation angle visible system demand of section and lower surface bending section and suitably adjusted.Citing comes
Say, refer to Figure 15, Figure 15 is the perspective diagram of the switchable type antenna 92 of the embodiment of the present invention one, switchable type antenna 92
Framework is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements are continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 15, upper surface is curved
Angle α between segmentation 1702b, 1702c of folding area section 17024' it is more than 90 degree, the segmentation of upper surface bending section 1704
Angle α between 1704b, 1704c5' it is more than the folder between 90 degree, segmentation 1706b, 1706c of upper surface bending section 1706
Angle α6' it is more than 90 degree.Angle β between segmentation 1712b, 1712c of lower surface bending section 17124' it is more than 90 degree, segmentation
Angle β between 1712c, 1712d7' and segmentation 1712d, 1712e between angle β10' it is less than 90 degree, lower surface bending section
Angle β between 1714 segmentation 1714b, 1714c5' it is more than the angle β between 90 degree, segmentation 1714c, 1714d8' and segmentation
Angle β between 1714d, 1714e11' it is less than the folder between 90 degree, segmentation 1716b, 1716c of lower surface bending section 1716
Angle beta6' it is more than the angle β between 90 degree, segmentation 1716c, 1716d9' and segmentation 1716d, 1716e between angle β12' be less than
90 degree.Therefore, upper surface bending section 1702,1704,1706 is formed respectively with lower surface bending section 1712,1714,1716
The trapezoidal folded dipole structure of one closing.
In summary, by controlling the conducting situation of switching device, switchable type antenna operation can be made in omni-directional mode or
Directing mode, and the directive property of switchable type antenna can be further adjusted by antenna element or reflector segment, to avoid interference.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, all equivalent changes done according to the claims in the present invention are with repairing
Decorations, should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of switchable type antenna, for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes：
Substrate, includes upper surface and lower surface；
First irradiation unit, is formed on the upper surface of the substrate, includes the first center and is prolonged respectively by first center
The the first bending section and the second bending section stretched out；
Second irradiation unit, is formed on the lower surface of the substrate, includes the second center and is prolonged respectively by second center
The 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section stretched out, the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section are respectively to should first
Bend section and the second bending section is set；
First antenna element, to should first bending section be arranged on the upper surface；
First switching device, is electrically connected to the first antenna element, for by the first antenna element switch to a reflector or
One parasitic radiator；
Second antenna element, to should second bending section be arranged on the upper surface；And
Second switching device, is electrically connected to second antenna element, for by second antenna element switch to a reflector or
One parasitic radiator.
2. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein in an omni-directional mode, first switching device and this second cut
Element is changed to be not turned on, and the first antenna element and second antenna element switch to a parasitic radiator respectively.
3. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein in a directing mode, first switching device and this second cut
Change the conducting of element at least one of which and switch to a reflector.
4. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein second center in a upright projection direction and this in first
The heart is overlapping, and the first bending section forms one the oneth T font structures with the 3rd bending section in the upright projection direction, and should
Second bending section forms one the 2nd T font structures with the 4th bending section in the upright projection direction.
5. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, also includes：
First flow plug (chock), is coupled to the first antenna element；
First extension of section, is coupled to first switching device；
Second flow plug, is coupled between a control module and first extension of section；
First resistor, is coupled between a system ground terminal and first flow plug；
3rd flow plug, is coupled to second antenna element；
Second extension of section, is coupled to second switching device；
4th flow plug, is coupled between the control module and second extension of section；And
Second resistance, is coupled between the system ground terminal and the 3rd flow plug；
Wherein, the control module turns on first switching device or second switching device for selectivity.
6. a kind of switchable type antenna, for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes：
Substrate, includes upper surface and lower surface；
First irradiation unit, is formed on the upper surface of the substrate, includes：
First bending section；And
Second bending section；
Second irradiation unit, is formed on the lower surface of the substrate, includes：
Center；
3rd bending section, is extended by the center, and is electrically connected to the first bending section by one first connection post (Via),
And to should first bending section set；And
4th bending section, is extended by the center, and is electrically connected to the second bending section by one second connection post, and correspondingly
The second bending section is set；
First switching device, for switching the link of the first bending section and a radio-frequency signal processing module；And
Second switching device, for switching the link of the second bending section and the radio-frequency signal processing module.
7. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein in an omni-directional mode, first switching device and this second cut
Change element to be both turned on, the radio-frequency signal processing module input signal to the first bending section and the second bending section.
8. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein in a directing mode, first switching device and this second cut
Element at least one of which is changed to be not turned on.
9. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, the wherein the 3rd bending section hangs down with the first bending section in one
Straight projecting direction formation one first folded dipole (Folded dipole antenna) structure, and the 4th bending section
With the second bending section one second folded dipole structure is formed in the upright projection direction.
10. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, also includes：
First flow plug (chock), is coupled to the first bending section；
First resistor, is coupled between a control module and first flow plug；
First DC rel. (Direct Current Block), is arranged in the first bending section；
Second flow plug, is coupled to the second bending section；
Second resistance, is coupled between the control module and second flow plug；
Second DC rel., is arranged in the second bending section；And
3rd flow plug, is coupled between first switching device and second switching device and system ground terminal；
Wherein, the control module turns on first switching device or second switching device for selectivity.
11. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein second irradiation unit also include：
First reflector segment, is extended by the center, and is arranged between the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section；And
Second reflector segment, is extended by the center, and to should the first reflector segment set.
12. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 11, also includes：
First adjustment element, be formed on the upper surface and to should the first reflector segment set, for adjusting beam angle；
And
Second adjustment element, be formed on the upper surface and to should the second reflector segment set, for adjusting beam angle.
13. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, the wherein first connection post and the second connection post are arranged at the base
In plate.
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| CN201410154895.4A CN105006660B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | Switchable type antenna |
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| CN105006660B true CN105006660B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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| JP7039467B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2022-03-22 | 株式会社ヨコオ | In-vehicle antenna device |
| CN109428177A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of diversity antenna arrangement and terminal |
| TWI682585B (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-01-11 | 和碩聯合科技股份有限公司 | Antenna device |
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| US7362280B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2008-04-22 | Ruckus Wireless, Inc. | System and method for a minimized antenna apparatus with selectable elements |
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| US7362280B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2008-04-22 | Ruckus Wireless, Inc. | System and method for a minimized antenna apparatus with selectable elements |
| TW201114107A (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-16 | Amphenol Taiwan Corp | Multi-band switching antenna |
| CN102956993A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-06 | 华南理工大学 | S-PIN-diode-based directional diagram reconfigurable disk microstrip antenna |
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