CN105006660A - Switchable antenna - Google Patents
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- CN105006660A CN105006660A CN201410154895.4A CN201410154895A CN105006660A CN 105006660 A CN105006660 A CN 105006660A CN 201410154895 A CN201410154895 A CN 201410154895A CN 105006660 A CN105006660 A CN 105006660A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switchable antenna for transceiving radio frequency signals. The switchable antenna comprises a substrate; a first radiation portion which is formed on the upper surface of the substrate and comprises a first center, and a first bending section and a second bending section respectively extending from the first center; a second radiation portion which is formed on the lower surface of the substrate and comprises a second center, and a third bending section and a fourth bending section respectively extending from the second center, wherein the third bending section and the fourth bending section are respectively arranged to be opposite to the first bending section and the second bending section; a first antenna element and a second antenna element which are respectively arranged to be opposite to the first bending section and the second bending section on the upper surface; and a first switching element and a second switching element which are used for respectively switching the first antenna element and the second antenna element into one reflector or one parasitic radiator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switchable type antenna, espespecially one can avoid interference and improve signal dead angle (dead zone), and adaptability switch to the switchable type antenna of omni-directional mode or directing mode.
Background technology
Antenna is used to launch or receive radio wave, to transmit or to exchange radio signal.Common antenna can be divided into omni-directional and directive property according to its radiation pattern distribution mode; As its name suggests, the field pattern of omni-directional antenna without certain party tropism, therefore has preferred coverage rate, and the field pattern of oriented antenna, then roughly towards a specific direction, can promote the efficiency of transmission of specific direction.
Generally speaking, after Antenna Design completes, namely its directivity is determined.But different radio communication applications may need to operate in different mode, therefore, how by efficient, communication device to be switched to omni-directional mode (Omni mode) or directing mode (Directional mode), just become one of target that industry makes great efforts.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of switchable type antenna, can switch to omni-directional mode or directing mode, and can avoid interference and improve signal dead angle.
For reaching this object, the present invention discloses a kind of switchable type antenna, is used for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes a substrate, includes a upper surface and a lower surface; One first Department of Radiation, on this upper surface being formed at this substrate, includes one first center and the one first bending section extended by this first center respectively and one second bending section; One second Department of Radiation, on this lower surface being formed at this substrate, include one second center and respectively by this second center extend one the 3rd bending section and one the 4th bending section, the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section respectively to should first bending section and this second bending section arrange; One first day kind of thread elements, to being arranged on this upper surface by the first bending section; One first switching device, is electrically connected to this first day kind of thread elements, is used for this first day kind of thread elements to switch to a reflector or a parasitic radiator; One second antenna element, to being arranged on this upper surface by the second bending section; And one second switching device, be electrically connected to this second antenna element, be used for this second antenna element to switch to a reflector or a parasitic radiator.
The present invention separately discloses a kind of switchable type antenna, is used for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes a substrate, includes a upper surface and a lower surface; One first Department of Radiation, on this upper surface being formed at this substrate, includes: one first bending section; And one second bends section; And one second Department of Radiation, on this lower surface being formed at this substrate, include a center; One the 3rd bending section, is extended by this center, and is electrically connected to this first bending section by one first connection post, and to arranging by the first bending section; And one the 4th bends section, is extended by this center, and be electrically connected to this second bending section by one second connection post, and to arranging by the second bending section.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A ~ Fig. 1 C is respectively the front of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna, the back side, perspective diagram;
The switchable type antenna operation that Fig. 1 D ~ Fig. 1 E is respectively Figure 1A is in the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram of an omni-directional mode and a directing mode;
Fig. 2 is antenna resonance (voltage standing wave ratio) the analog result schematic diagram of switchable type antenna operation in omni-directional mode of Figure 1A;
Fig. 3 A be Figure 1A switching device all not conducting time, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz;
Fig. 3 B be in the switching device of Figure 1A only one switch element conductive time, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz;
When Fig. 3 C is two switching device conductings in the switching device of Figure 1A, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz;
Fig. 4 A be Figure 1A switching device all not conducting time, switchable type antenna is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles;
Fig. 4 B be in the switching device of Figure 1A only one switch element conductive time, switchable type antenna is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles;
Fig. 5 A ~ Fig. 5 D is respectively the front of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna, the back side, perspective and schematic equivalent circuit;
Fig. 6 A is the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna respective frequencies 2500MHz of Fig. 5 A tool adjustment element;
Fig. 6 B is the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of switchable type antenna respective frequencies 2500MHz of Fig. 5 A not tool adjustment element;
Fig. 7 A is the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram of switchable type antenna operation in a directing mode of Fig. 5 A;
Fig. 7 B is the antenna resonance analog result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna of Fig. 5 A;
Fig. 8 A be Fig. 5 A switching device all not conducting time, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz;
When Fig. 8 B is two switching device conductings in the switching device of Fig. 5 A, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz;
When Fig. 8 C is two switching device not conductings in the switching device of Fig. 5 A, switchable type antenna is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz;
Fig. 9 A be Fig. 5 A switching device all not conducting time, switchable type antenna is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles;
When Fig. 9 B is two switching device conductings in the switching device of Fig. 5 A, switchable type antenna is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles;
When Fig. 9 C is two switching device not conductings in the switching device of Fig. 5 A, switchable type antenna is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles;
Figure 10 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna;
Figure 11 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna;
Figure 12 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna;
Figure 13 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna;
Figure 14 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna;
Figure 15 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna.
Symbol description
10,50,60,68,80,82,84,92 switchable type antennas
12,52 substrates
12a, 52a upper surface
12b, 52 b lower surfaces
14 control modules
100,110,500,550 Department of Radiation 101,111,511 centers
102,104,106,502,504,506,1302,1304, upper surface bending section 1306,1402,1404,1406,1702,1704,1706
112,114,116,512,514,516,1313,1314, lower surface bending section 1316,1414,1414,1416,1712,1714,1716
122,124,126,1022,1024,1026 antenna elements
132,134,136,532,534,536 switching devices
142,144,146,1042,1044,1046 extensions of section
152a, 152b, 154a, 154b, 156a, 156b, 552, flow plug 554,556,558
162,164,166,562,564,566 resistance
102a ~ 106b, 112a ~ 116b, 502a ~ 506c, 512a ~ segmentation 516e, 522a ~ 526c, 1302a ~ 1306c, 1312a ~ 1316c, 1402a ~ 1406d, 1412a ~ 1416d, 1702a ~ 1706c, 1712a ~ 1716e
θ
1~ θ
3, φ
1~ φ
3, α
1~ α
6, β
1~ β
12, δ
1~ δ
6, angle α
1' ~ α
6', β
1' ~ β
12'
D1, D2, D3 distance
522,524,526 adjustment elements
542,544,546,1442,1444,1446,1492,1494, DC rel. 1496
572,574,576 reflector segment
582,584,586,1482,1484,1486 are communicated with post
56 radio-frequency signal processing modules
X, Y, Z direction
Embodiment
Please refer to Figure 1A ~ Fig. 1 E, Figure 1A ~ Fig. 1 C is respectively the front of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 10, the back side, perspective diagram, and Fig. 1 D ~ Fig. 1 E is then respectively the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram that switchable type antenna 10 operates in an omni-directional mode (omni mode) and a directing mode (directional mode).As shown in Figure 1A ~ Fig. 1 C, switchable type antenna 10 can be used for a Wireless LAN (as meeting the Wireless LAN of IEEE 802.11) to be used for transceiving radio frequency signal.Switchable type antenna 10 include a substrate 12, Department of Radiation 100,110, antenna element 122,124,126, switching device 132,134,136, extension of section 142,144,146, flow plug (chock) 152a, 152b, 154a, 154b, 156a, 156b, resistance 162,164,166.Department of Radiation 100 is formed on a upper surface 12a of substrate 12, the upper surface bending section 102,104,106 including a center 101 and extended by center 101.Department of Radiation 110 is formed on a lower surface 12b of substrate 12, the lower surface bending section 112,114,116 including a center 111 and extended by center 111.Antenna element 122, 124, one end of 126 is respectively via switching device 132, 134, 136 and extension of section 142, 144, 146 and be coupled to the control module 14 being used to provide DC power supply, the other end is then respectively via resistance 162, 164, 166 are coupled to ground, therefore, when control module 14 controls switching device 132 respectively, 134, during 136 conducting, antenna element 122, 124, 126 can switch to a reflector respectively, and when control module 14 controls switching device 132 respectively, 134, during 136 not conducting, antenna element 122, 124, 126 can switch to a parasitic radiator respectively.Flow plug 152a, 154a, 156a are electrically coupled to systematically between end and antenna element 122,124,126 respectively, flow plug 152b, 154b, 156b are then electrically coupled between control module 14 and antenna element 122,124,126 respectively, to limit the radiofrequency signal of resonance in antenna element 122,124,126, radiofrequency signal is avoided to disturb control module 14.
In brief, by controlling the conducting situation of switching device 132,134,136, antenna element 122,124,126 can switch to a reflector or a parasitic radiator respectively, omni-directional mode or directing mode is operated in make switchable type antenna 10, and the directive property of switchable type antenna 10 can be adjusted further, to avoid interference.
Specifically, when switching device 132,134,136 all not conducting time, antenna element 122,124,126 switches to a parasitic radiator respectively, to increase frequency range, and make switchable type antenna 10 operate in an omni-directional mode with omni-directional ground transceiving radio frequency signal, in order to detecting, search platform (Station) or its omni-directional operation demand.When switching device 132,134,136 wherein one (as switching device 136) conducting time, antenna element 122,124,126 wherein one (as antenna element 126) switches to a reflector, other antenna element is then parasitic radiator (as antenna element 122,124), and make switchable type antenna 10 operate in a directing mode with directive property ground transceiving radio frequency signal (as towards a direction Y), thus lifting efficiency of transmission, reduce power consumption.When only have switching device 132,134,136 wherein one (as switching device 136) not conducting time, antenna element 122,124,126 wherein one (as antenna element 126) switches to a parasitic radiator, other antenna element is then reflector (as antenna element 122,124), and the directive property (as being in reverse to direction Y) of switchable type antenna 10 can be improved, and by narrower wave beam transceiving radio frequency signal, to avoid interference.
In order to improve the quality of omni-directional ground transceiving radio frequency signal, the geometry of switchable type antenna 10 can make switchable type antenna 10 form stable ring current.Specifically, upper surface bending section 102 includes segmentation 102a, 102b, and upper surface bending section 104 includes segmentation 104a, 104b, and upper surface bending section 106 includes segmentation 106a, 106b.By degree angle theta of 1 between segmentation 102a, 102b
1, one 90 degree of angle theta between segmentation 104a, 104b
2, one 90 degree of angle theta between segmentation 106a, 106b
3, upper surface bending section 102,104,106 can form a L font structure bent clockwise respectively, and decile space.Similarly, lower surface bending section 112 includes segmentation 112a, 112b, and lower surface bending section 114 includes segmentation 114a, 114b, and lower surface bending section 116 includes segmentation 116a, 116b.By degree included angle of 1 between segmentation 112a, 112b
1, one 90 degree of included angle between segmentation 114a, 114b
2, one 90 degree of included angle between segmentation 116a, 116b
3, lower surface bending section 112,114,116 can form a L font structure bent counterclockwise respectively, and decile space.As shown in Figure 1 C, at a upright projection direction Z, center 101,111 is overlapping, and the L font structure that the L font structure of the clockwise bending of upper surface bending section 102,104,106 and lower surface bend the counterclockwise bending of section 112,114,116 forms a T font structure respectively.Accordingly, when switchable type antenna 10 transmits radiofrequency signal at omni-directional mode, electric current is as shown in figure ip to be distributed in Department of Radiation 100 clockwise or counterclockwise, 110, and make switchable type antenna 10 have Ya Fute annular (Alford loop) antenna effect, and pass through the geometric properties of switchable type antenna 10, the zero point (null) of the Z-shaped one-tenth radiation pattern in upright projection direction can be made, and the radiofrequency signal radiofrequency signal that can produce with another T font structure because of time delay that a T font structure of switchable type antenna 10 produces adds mutually in space and takes advantage of, and form omni-directional field pattern.
In order to strengthen the directive property of switchable type antenna 10, the distance D1 of center 111 and antenna element 122,124,126, D2, D3 can between operative wavelength corresponding to 0.15 to 0.25 times of centre frequency, distance D1, D2, D3 of center 111 and antenna element 122,124,126 are preferably operative wavelength corresponding to 0.15 times of centre frequency, are greater than 5dB to make operation frequency range (as 5150MHz ~ 5850MHz) in front and back field pattern ratio (F/B) of 60 degree of angles (i.e. XY planar elevation 30 degree).In other words, the antenna resonance mechanism of switchable type antenna 10 is similar to loop aerial, and the distance therefore meeting Yagi antenna reflector and radiant body is between the operative wavelength of 0.15 to 0.25 times.Bookmark
Can judge whether the antenna radiation patterns of the different frequency of switchable type antenna 10 meets system requirements further by simulating and measuring.Please refer to Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 4 B, Fig. 2 is antenna resonance (voltage standing wave ratio) the analog result schematic diagram that switchable type antenna 10 operates in omni-directional mode, wherein, dotted line represents the antenna resonance analog result that switchable type antenna does not have antenna element 122,124,126, and solid line representative includes the antenna resonance analog result of the switchable type antenna 10 of antenna element 122,124,126.As shown in Figure 2, the switchable type antenna 10 including antenna element 122,124,126 effectively can increase frequency range.During due to practical application, a sheet of metallic plate polygamy closes and is arranged at below switchable type antenna 10, to provide shielding (shielding) effect or other purposes, but large stretch of metallic plate produces an angle of inclination by causing the radiation pattern of switchable type antenna 10 upwards to offset.In order to suitably present the characteristic of switchable type antenna 10, preferably sampling switchable type antenna 10 is in the field pattern data of 60 degree of angles (i.e. XY planar elevation 30 degree).Fig. 3 A be switching device 132,134,136 all not conducting time, switchable type antenna 10 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz.Fig. 3 B be in switching device 132,134,136 only one switch element conductive time, switchable type antenna 10 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz.When Fig. 3 C is two switching device conductings in switching device 132,134,136, switchable type antenna 10 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 5500MHz.Fig. 4 A be switching device 132,134,136 all not conducting time, switchable type antenna 10 is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles, Fig. 4 B be in switching device 132,134,136 only one switch element conductive time, switchable type antenna 10 is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles.As shown in Fig. 3 A ~ Fig. 4 B, when the quantity of switching device conducting is more, wave beam is more concentrated.
On the other hand, please refer to Fig. 5 A ~ Fig. 5 D, Fig. 5 A ~ Fig. 5 D is respectively the front of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 50, the back side, perspective and schematic equivalent circuit.As shown in Fig. 5 A ~ Fig. 5 C, switchable type antenna 50 also can be used for a Wireless LAN (as meeting the Wireless LAN of IEEE802.55) to be used for transceiving radio frequency signal.Switchable type antenna 50 include a substrate 52, Department of Radiation 500,510, adjustment element 522,524,526, switching device 532,534,536, DC rel. (Direct Current Block) 542,544,546, flow plug (chock) 552,554,556,558, resistance 562,564,566.Department of Radiation 500 is formed on a upper surface 52a of substrate 52, includes upper surface bending section 502,504,506.Department of Radiation 510 is formed on a lower surface 52b of substrate 52, include a center 511, the lower surface bending section 512 extended by center 511,514,516, reflector segment 572,574,576, be communicated with post (Via) 582,584,586.The corresponding upper surface bending section 502,504,506 of lower surface bending section 512,514,516, and upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is electrically connected to by being communicated with post 582,584,586, wherein, be communicated with post 582,584,586 to be arranged in substrate 52.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5 D, one end of switching device 532,534,536 is respectively coupled to provide a radio-frequency signal processing module 56 of AC signal and be coupled to via flow plug 558 systematically holds, the other end be then electrically connected to upper surface bending section 502,504,506 respectively and via upper surface bending section 502,504,506, flow plug 552,554,556 and resistance 562,564,566 and be coupled to the control module 54 that DC power supply is provided.Therefore, when control module 54 control respectively switching device 532,534,536 conducting time, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 can be connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56 respectively, with transceiving radio frequency signal, and when control module 54 control respectively switching device 532,534,536 not conducting time, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 cannot be connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56.Wherein, flow plug 552,554,556,558 can limit the radiofrequency signal of resonance in upper surface bending section 502,504,506, with avoid radiofrequency signal disturb control module 54, DC rel. 542,544,546 then can avoid upper surface bend section 502,504,506 wherein one (as upper surface bent area section 502) DC power supply via connection post 582,584,586 and be passed to other upper surface bending section (as upper surface bent area section 504,506).Reflector segment 572,574,576 is arranged between two adjacent lower surface bending sections respectively, to strengthen the directive property of switchable type antenna 50.
In brief, by controlling the conducting situation of switching device 532,534,536, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 can be connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56 respectively, omni-directional mode or directing mode is operated in make switchable type antenna 50, and the directive property of switchable type antenna 50 can be adjusted further by reflector segment 572,574,576, to avoid interference.
Specifically, when switching device 532,534,536 equal conducting, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56 respectively, and switchable type antenna 50 can be made to have Ya Fute annular (Alford loop) antenna effect by the lower surface bending section 512,514,516 of electrical connection, therefore switchable type antenna 50 operates in an omni-directional mode with omni-directional ground transceiving radio frequency signal, in order to detecting, searches platform (Station) or its omni-directional operation demand.When switching device 532, 534, 536 wherein one (as switching device 536) not conducting time, only there are two upper surface bending sections (as upper surface bent area section 502, 504) radio-frequency signal processing module 56 is still connected to, and bend section (as lower surface bent area section 512 with corresponding lower surface, 514) folded dipole (Foldeddipole antenna) structure is formed, and because the reflector segment of correspondence is (as reflector segment 574, 576) effect, therefore switchable type antenna 50 operates in a directing mode with directive property ground transceiving radio frequency signal (as towards a direction Y), thus lifting efficiency of transmission, reduce power consumption.When only have switching device 532,534,536 wherein one (as switching device 536) conducting time, only there is upper surface to bend section (as upper surface bent area section 506) and be still connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, and bend section (as lower surface bent area section 516) with corresponding lower surface and form folded dipole structure, and the effect of reflector segment (as reflector segment 574,576) because of correspondence, and the directive property (as being in reverse to direction Y) of switchable type antenna 50 can be improved, and by narrower wave beam transceiving radio frequency signal, to avoid interference.
In order to improve the quality of omni-directional ground transceiving radio frequency signal, the geometry of switchable type antenna 50 can make switchable type antenna 50 form stable ring current.Specifically, upper surface bending section 502 includes segmentation 502a, 502b, 502c, and upper surface bending section 504 includes segmentation 504a, 504b, 504c, and upper surface bending section 506 includes segmentation 506a, 506b, 506c.By degree angle α 1 ~ α 6 of 90 between segmentation 502a ~ 506c, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 can form clockwise bending structure respectively, and decile space.Similarly, lower surface bending section 512 includes segmentation 512a ~ 512e, and lower surface bending section 514 includes segmentation 514a ~ 514e, and lower surface bending section 516 includes segmentation 516a ~ 516e.By degree angle β of 90 between segmentation 512a ~ 516e
1~ β
12, lower surface bending section 512,514,516 can form counterclockwise bending structure respectively, and decile space.As shown in Figure 5 C, in a upright projection direction Z, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface bend section 512,514,516 and form a folded dipole structure closed respectively.Further, lower surface bending section 512,514,516 is electrically connected to upper surface bending section 502,504,506 by being communicated with post 582,584,586.Accordingly, when switchable type antenna 50 transmits radiofrequency signal in omni-directional mode, switchable type antenna 50 has Ya Fute annular (Alford loop) antenna effect.
In order to strengthen the directive property of switchable type antenna 10, reflector segment 572,574,576 is arranged between two adjacent lower surface bending sections respectively, bend with corresponding upper surface bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface the folded dipole structure that section 512,514,516 formed respectively, and there is the characteristic being similar to Yagi antenna and reflecting.Adjustment element 522 includes segmentation 522a, 522b, 522c, and adjustment element 524 includes segmentation 524a, 524b, 524c, and adjustment element 526 includes segmentation 526a, 526b, 526c.Further, by the angle δ between segmentation 522a ~ 526c
1~ δ
6the adjustment element 522,524,526 that corresponding reflector segment 572,574,576 is arranged can form a bow-shaped structural respectively, to strengthen the antenna gain of the radiation pattern intersection of directing mode, in other words, it is wide that adjustment element 522,524,526 can increase wave beam, to improve signal dead angle (dead zone).Specifically, please refer to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 A is the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna 50 respective frequencies 2500MHz with adjustment element 522,524,526, and Fig. 6 B is the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of the switchable type antenna respective frequencies 2500MHz of not tool adjustment element.As shown in figs. 6 a and 6b, the wave beam with the switchable type antenna 50 of adjustment element 522,524,526 is wider.
In addition, the geometry of switchable type antenna 50 also can take into account the impedance matching of omni-directional mode and directing mode.Specifically, when switchable type antenna 50 operates in omni-directional mode, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 is all connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, and operate in directing mode when switchable type antenna 50, only part upper surface bending section 502,504,506(is as upper surface bent area section 506) be connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56.But, because upper surface bending section (as upper surface bent area section 506) is by being communicated with post 582, 584, 586(is as be communicated with post 586) and be electrically connected to lower surface bending section (as lower surface bent area section 516), and lower surface bending section (as lower surface bent area section 516) can be connected to other lower surfaces bending section (as lower surface bent area section 512 via center 511, 514) and correspondence upper surface bending section (as upper surface bent area section 502, 504), therefore the upper surface bending section 502 of part is made when switchable type antenna 50 operates in directing mode, 504, 506(is as upper surface bent area section 506) be connected to radio-frequency signal processing module 56, other upper surface bending section and lower surface bending section are (as upper surface bent area section 502, 504 and lower surface bending section 512, 514) also reverse current is had, and can impedance matching be guaranteed.For example, Fig. 7 A is the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram that embodiment of the present invention switchable type antenna 50 operates in a directing mode, Fig. 7 B is the antenna resonance analog result schematic diagram of switchable type antenna 50, wherein, choice refreshments line is the antenna resonance analog result that switchable type antenna 50 operates in omni-directional mode, thick dotted line, carefully refine line, antenna return loss (S11 value) analog result that thick refining line is respectively upper surface bending section 502,504,506, dotted line, heavy line, fine line are respectively the isolation between antennas analog result that upper surface bends section 502,504,506.
Can judge whether the antenna radiation patterns of the different frequency of switchable type antenna 50 meets system requirements further by simulating and measuring.During due to practical application, a sheet of metallic plate polygamy closes and is arranged at below switchable type antenna 50, to provide shielding (shielding) effect or other purposes, but large stretch of metallic plate produces an angle of inclination by causing the radiation pattern of switchable type antenna 50 upwards to offset.In order to suitably present the characteristic of switchable type antenna 50, preferably sampling switchable type antenna 50 is in the field pattern data of 60 degree of angles (i.e. XY planar elevation 30 degree).Please refer to Fig. 8 A to Fig. 9 C, Fig. 8 A be switching device 532,534,536 all not conducting time, switchable type antenna 50 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz.When Fig. 8 B is two switching device conductings in switching device 532,534,536, switchable type antenna 50 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz.Fig. 8 C is switching device 532, 534, in 536 during two switching device not conductings, switchable type antenna 50 is in the antenna patterns illustrated simulated behavior result schematic diagram of 60 degree of angle respective frequencies 2450MHz, Fig. 9 A is switching device 532, 534, during 536 equal conducting, switchable type antenna 50 is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles, Fig. 9 B is switching device 532, 534, in 536 during two switching device conductings, switchable type antenna 50 is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles, Fig. 9 C is switching device 532, 534, in 536 during two switching device not conductings, switchable type antenna 50 is at the antenna patterns illustrated characteristic measured result schematic diagram at 60 degree of angles.As shown in Fig. 8 A to Fig. 9 C, when the quantity of switching device conducting is fewer, wave beam is more concentrated.
It should be noted that switchable type antenna 10,50 is for embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art is when doing different changes according to this.For example, the switching device of switchable type antenna can be the switch element such as diode or transistor, and its number may correspond to the number of upper surface bending section and adjusts, but, a upper surface bending section is not limited to a corresponding switching device, and may correspond to multiple switching device.Switchable type antenna package contains three upper surface bending sections and three lower surface bending sections, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and switchable type antenna can include multiple upper surface bending section and multiple lower surface bending section, or switchable type antenna only includes two upper surface bending sections and two lower surface bending sections.And, upper surface bending section 102,104,106 is roughly radial symmetric and configures and decile space, therefore corresponding lower surface bending section 112,114,116 is also roughly radial symmetric configuration, and upper surface bending section 502,504,506 be roughly radial symmetric configuration and decile space, therefore corresponding lower surface bending section 512,514,516 is also roughly radial symmetric configuration, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be symmetrical arrangements, rectangular arrangement and mirror configuration.In addition, the antenna element 122 of switchable type antenna 10,124,126, upper surface bending section 102,104,106 and lower surface bending section 112,114,116 have same size respectively, and the upper surface of switchable type antenna 50 bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface bending section 512,514,516 have same size respectively, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and visible system demand or design consideration are sizes configuration.In addition, antenna element 122,124,126, the segmentation 112a ~ 516e of the segmentation 522a ~ 526c of adjustment element 522,524,526, the segmentation 102a ~ 506c of upper surface bending section 102,104,106,502,504,506 and lower surface bending section 112,114,116,512,514,516 is roughly a linear structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto, antenna element, upper surface bending section and lower surface bending section also can be arc structure.
In addition, antenna element 122,124,126 length of switchable type antenna 10 preferably between the operative wavelength that the centre frequency of 0.4 to 0.475 times is corresponding, to increase frequency range as parasitic radiator.If not but switching device 132,134,136 perfect switch and tool capacitor and inductor effect, then in switching device 132,134,136 not conducting time, portion of electrical current still can flow through switching device 132,134,136, in the case, antenna element 122,124,126 also visible system demand and suitably adjusting.For example, please refer to Figure 10, Figure 10 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 60, and the framework of switchable type antenna 60 is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in Figure 10, the switching device 132,134,136 of switchable type antenna 60 is arranged between antenna element 1022,1024,1026 and extension of section 1042,1044,1046 respectively, and the length of antenna element 1022 is substantially equal to the length of extension of section 1042, the length of antenna element 1024 is substantially equal to the length of extension of section 1044, and the length of antenna element 1026 is substantially equal to the length of extension of section 1046.It should be noted that, the length ratio of antenna element of the present invention and extension of section is not limited thereto, and the equivalent aerial leement duration that the radiofrequency signal resonated in the characteristic of visual switching device, antenna element is corresponding, and adjust the length ratio of antenna element and extension of section.The configuration sequence of antenna element and extension of section also can suitably adjust.In addition, upper surface bending section can form a clockwise bending structure respectively, and lower surface bending section is then counterclockwise bending structure accordingly, but not as limit.Upper surface bending section can form counterclockwise bending structure respectively, and lower surface bending section is then clockwise bending structure accordingly.Wherein, bending structure can also be such as the L font structure of bending.
Upper surface bending section and lower surface bend the division number visible system demand of section and suitably adjust.For example, please refer to Figure 11, Figure 11 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 68, and the framework of switchable type antenna 68 is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 11, upper surface bending section 1302 includes segmentation 1302a, 1302b, 1302c, and upper surface bending section 1304 includes segmentation 1304a, 1304b, 1304c, and upper surface bending section 1306 includes segmentation 1306a, 1306b, 1306c.And lower surface bending section 1312 includes segmentation 1312a, 1312b, 1312c, lower surface bending section 1314 includes segmentation 1314a, 1314b, 1314c, and lower surface bending section 1316 includes segmentation 1316a, 1316b, 1316c.It should be noted that upper surface bending section and the lower surface bending segmentation width ratio of section and length ratio also visible system demand and suitably adjusting, do not repeat them here.
On the other hand, the structure that the lower surface bending section of switchable type antenna and upper surface bend section can suitably adjust, and is communicated with the position then corresponding change of post.For example, please refer to Figure 12, Figure 12 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 80, and the framework of switchable type antenna 80 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 12, upper surface bending section 1402 includes segmentation 1402a ~ 1402d, upper surface bending section 1404 includes segmentation 1404a ~ 1404d, upper surface bending section 1406 includes segmentation 1406a ~ 1406d, and lower surface bending section 1412 includes segmentation 1412a ~ 1412d, lower surface bending section 1414 includes segmentation 1414a ~ 1414d, and lower surface bending section 1416 includes segmentation 1416a ~ 1416d.And accordingly, be communicated with post 1482,1484,1486 and be arranged at upper surface bending section 1402,1404,1406 and lower surface respectively and bend between section 1412,1414,1416 and bend section 1402,1404,1406 and lower surface bends section 1412,1414,1416 to be electrically connected upper surface.
In addition, appropriateness adjustment also can be done in the position of the DC rel. of switchable type antenna between flow plug and the center of Department of Radiation.For example, please refer to Figure 13, Figure 13 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 82, and the framework of switchable type antenna 82 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 13, DC rel. 1442,1444,1446 is arranged at the end of upper surface bending section 502,504,506.But the present invention is not as limit, for example, please refer to Figure 14, Figure 14 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 84, and the framework of switchable type antenna 84 is similar to switchable type antenna 50, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 14, DC rel. 1492,1494,1496 is arranged in lower surface bending section 512,514,516.
Further, the geometry of the adjustment element 522,524,526 of switchable type antenna 50 also visible system demand and suitably adjusting.For example the division number adjusting element 522,524,526 is not limited to 3 sections, and can include multiple segmentation, and to strengthen the antenna gain of the radiation pattern intersection of directing mode, and it is wide to increase wave beam, improves signal dead angle.Further, the angle between segmentation, width ratio and length ratio also may correspond to adjustment, do not repeat them here.Further, upper surface bending section and lower surface bend the division number visible system demand of section and suitably adjust.For example, upper surface bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface bends section 512,514,516 and can include multiple segmentation respectively, and upper surface bending section 502,504,506 and lower surface can be made to bend section 512,514,516 form a closed convex shape folded dipole structure respectively.It should be noted that upper surface bending section and the lower surface bending segmentation width ratio of section and length ratio also visible system demand and suitably adjusting, do not repeat them here.
Upper surface bending section and lower surface bend the segmentation angle visible system demand of section and suitably adjust.For example, please refer to Figure 15, Figure 15 is the perspective diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one switchable type antenna 92, and the framework of switchable type antenna 92 is similar to switchable type antenna 10, therefore similar elements is continued to use same-sign and represented.Wherein, as shown in figure 15, the angle α between segmentation 1702b, 1702c of upper surface bending section 1702
4' be greater than 90 degree, upper surface bending section 1704 the angle α between segmentation 1704b, 1704c
5' be greater than 90 degree, upper surface bending section 1706 the angle α between segmentation 1706b, 1706c
6' be greater than 90 degree.The angle β between segmentation 1712b, 1712c of lower surface bending section 1712
4' be greater than 90 degree, angle β between segmentation 1712c, 1712d
7' and angle β between segmentation 1712d, 1712e
10' be less than 90 degree, lower surface bending section 1714 the angle β between segmentation 1714b, 1714c
5' be greater than 90 degree, angle β between segmentation 1714c, 1714d
8' and angle β between segmentation 1714d, 1714e
11' be less than 90 degree, lower surface bending section 1716 the angle β between segmentation 1716b, 1716c
6' be greater than 90 degree, angle β between segmentation 1716c, 1716d
9' and angle β between segmentation 1716d, 1716e
12' be less than 90 degree.Therefore, upper surface bending section 1702,1704,1706 and lower surface bend section 1712,1714,1716 and form a trapezoidal folded dipole structure closed respectively.
In sum, by controlling the conducting situation of switching device, switchable type antenna operation can be made in omni-directional mode or directing mode, and adjust the directive property of switchable type antenna further by antenna element or reflector segment, to avoid interference.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the claims in the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a switchable type antenna, is used for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes:
Substrate, includes upper surface and lower surface;
First Department of Radiation, on this upper surface being formed at this substrate, includes the first center and the first bending section extended by this first center respectively and the second bending section;
Second Department of Radiation, on this lower surface being formed at this substrate, include the second center and respectively by this second center extend the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section, the 3rd bending section and the 4th bending section respectively to should first bending section and this second bending section arrange;
First day kind of thread elements, to being arranged on this upper surface by the first bending section;
First switching device, is electrically connected to this first day kind of thread elements, is used for this first day kind of thread elements to switch to a reflector or a parasitic radiator;
Second antenna element, to being arranged on this upper surface by the second bending section; And
Second switching device, is electrically connected to this second antenna element, is used for this second antenna element to switch to a reflector or a parasitic radiator.
2. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein at an omni-directional mode, this first switching device and this second switching device all not conducting, and this first day kind of thread elements and this second antenna element switch to a parasitic radiator respectively.
3. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein at a directing mode, the wherein at least one conducting and switch to a reflector of this first switching device and this second switching device.
4. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein this second center is overlapping with this first center in a upright projection direction, this the first bending section and the 3rd bends section and forms one the one T font structure in this upright projection direction, and this second bends section and the 4th and bend section and form one the 2nd T font structure in this upright projection direction.
5. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 1, also includes:
First flow plug (chock), is coupled to this first day kind of thread elements;
First extension of section, is coupled to this first switching device;
Second flow plug, is coupled between a control module and this first extension of section;
First resistance, is coupled to one systematically between end and this first flow plug;
3rd flow plug, is coupled to this second antenna element;
Second extension of section, is coupled to this second switching device;
4th flow plug, is coupled between this control module and this second extension of section; And
Second resistance, is coupled to this and systematically holds between the 3rd flow plug;
Wherein, this control module is used for this first switching device of selectivity conducting or this second switching device.
6. a switchable type antenna, is used for transceiving radio frequency signal, includes:
Substrate, includes upper surface and lower surface;
First Department of Radiation, on this upper surface being formed at this substrate, includes:
First bending section; And
Second bending section;
Second Department of Radiation, on this lower surface being formed at this substrate, includes:
Center;
3rd bending section, is extended by this center, and is electrically connected to this first bending section by one first connection post (Via), and to arranging by the first bending section; And
4th bending section, is extended by this center, and is electrically connected to this second bending section by one second connection post, and to arranging by the second bending section;
First switching device, is used for switching the link of this first bending section and a radio-frequency signal processing module; And
Second switching device, is used for switching the link of this second bending section and this radio-frequency signal processing module.
7. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein at an omni-directional mode, this first switching device and the equal conducting of this second switching device, this radio-frequency signal processing module input signal is to this first bending section and this second bending section.
8. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein at a directing mode, this first switching device and this second switching device wherein at least one not conducting.
9. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the 3rd bending section first bends section with this and forms one first folded dipole (Folded dipole antenna) structure in this upright projection direction, and the 4th bends section and this second bends section and form one second folded dipole structure in this upright projection direction.
10. switchable type antenna as claimed in claim 6, also includes:
First flow plug (chock), is coupled to this first bending section;
First resistance, is coupled between a control module and this first flow plug;
First DC rel. (Direct Current Block), is arranged in this first bending section;
Second flow plug, is coupled to this second bending section;
Second resistance, is coupled between this control module and this second flow plug;
Second DC rel., is arranged in this second bending section; And
3rd flow plug, between being coupled to this first switching device and this second switching device and systematically holding;
Wherein, this control module is used for this first switching device of selectivity conducting or this second switching device.
11. switchable type antennas as claimed in claim 6, wherein this second Department of Radiation also includes:
First reflector segment, is extended by this center, and be arranged at the 3rd bending section and the 4th bend between section; And
Second reflector segment, is extended by this center, and to should the first reflector segment arrange.
12. switchable type antennas as claimed in claim 11, also include:
First adjustment element, to be formed on this upper surface and to should the first reflector segment arrange, to be used for adjusting beamwidth; And
Second adjustment element, to be formed on this upper surface and to should the second reflector segment arrange, to be used for adjusting beamwidth.
13. switchable type antennas as claimed in claim 6, wherein this first connection post and this second connection post are arranged in this substrate.
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| CN201410154895.4A CN105006660B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | Switchable type antenna |
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| CN201410154895.4A CN105006660B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | Switchable type antenna |
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| CN105006660B CN105006660B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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| CN105006660B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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