CN101459283B - Electric little dimension antenna based on opening resonance loop structure - Google Patents
Electric little dimension antenna based on opening resonance loop structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101459283B CN101459283B CN2009100287000A CN200910028700A CN101459283B CN 101459283 B CN101459283 B CN 101459283B CN 2009100287000 A CN2009100287000 A CN 2009100287000A CN 200910028700 A CN200910028700 A CN 200910028700A CN 101459283 B CN101459283 B CN 101459283B
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Abstract
An electrical small-sized antenna based on an opening resonant ring structure is composed of an antenna radiation unit 1, a bottom-surface etching coplanar waveguide structure 2 and plated through-holes 3, wherein a coplanar waveguide feeder line 21 feeds to an antenna system through a magnetic coupling method, the plated through-hole 31 is used to connect a metal patch and a coplanar waveguide ground to form a resonance circuit, the plated through-hole 32 is used to form a metal arm in a PCB substrate to increase equivalent capacitance of the system, an isolated metal sheet 22 and the coplanar waveguide feeder line 21 are on an identical ground plane, but are mutually separated to prevent resonant short-circuit. The invention has the advantages of small size, compact structure, low cost, high efficiency and the like, and can be conveniently integrated in a microstrip or a coplanar waveguide system to realize radio frequency front-end seamless connection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric small-size antenna, relate in particular to a kind of electric small-size antenna, can integratedly be printed on the microwave circuit boards, realize the high efficiency radiation, and can be applicable to the radio-frequency front-end of small integrated system based on resonance structure.
Background technology
Antenna integrated with miniaturization be a big bottleneck of contemporary wireless communication RF front end development.For traditional antenna, when size more hour, its radiation reactance is big more, radiation resistance is more little.This will cause the serious impedance mismatching between antenna and the feeder line, thereby causes antenna performance to worsen.The complexity of traditional antenna matching network design not only can increasing system also can raise the cost greatly.The research of novel artificial electromagnetic structure is that the resistance matching problem of miniature antenna provides new solution; There is the scholar to propose with single negative permittivity and single negative magnetoconductivity medium layered arrangement around electric dipole and magnet ring, to have accomplished isotropic small size radiation characteristic well in the world.According to this scheme, there is the people directly to utilize the resonance characteristic of split ring resonator, designed the electric small-size antenna of three-dimensional structure.Split ring resonator has the little characteristic of good electricity as artificial electromagnetic material a kind of cellular construction commonly used, and therefore the wavelength during its resonance can be utilized the radiating element as electric little resonant antenna much larger than element length.Usually the scheme that adopts now is to form magnetic coupling feed through the coaxial probe ring, and the anchor ring at split ring resonator place is passed in the magnetic field that lets coaxial probe produce, and then has excited strong resonance.This scheme can realize antenna miniaturization but lose integrated requirement.Therefore want really the electric little characteristic of the resonance of novel artificial electromagnetic material to be used in the antenna miniaturization, practicality and integrated level need overriding concern.Based on this consideration, we have proposed the split ring resonator electric small-size antenna based on medium substrate first.This invention combines with current PC B technology, can when antenna size reduces greatly, keep good radiance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of electric small-size antenna based on split ring resonator; This antenna has the compact characteristics of small scale structures; Cost is low and be easy to integratedly, has good directionality and linear polarization characteristics, has higher radiation efficiency simultaneously.
Technical scheme: split ring resonator is designed to the planar circuit structure and has good radiation characteristic, three difficult points are arranged: the one, the selection of feeding classification will realize that for the split ring resonator structure strong electromagnetic response must make magnetic field pass resonant ring; The 2nd, electric small-size split ring resonator structure Design; Can open end be bent in the three dimensions split ring resonator structure increases equivalent capacitance value, how to realize under the condition that guarantees enough swept areas that in planar structure the big electric capacity of equivalence or inductance value are big keys; The 3rd, the integration problem of reflecting surface, the equivalence when its resonance of split ring resonator structure is a magnetic dipole, and will increase the radiation directivity of magnetic dipole, just must load reflecting surface.Consider that based on three aspects we have proposed the split ring resonator electric small-size antenna of this item based on medium substrate.The medium upper surface is two rectangle metal patches, and the centre is left the slit and formed equivalent capacity, locates to have two row's plated-through holes connection metal patches of symmetry to isolate on the sheet metal with following ground near the slit.Can know when between the metal aperture enough hour by the correlative study of substrate integration wave-guide; Cycle hole battle array can equivalence be an electric wall; Be equivalent to load endways equivalent bending metallic walls for this structure, owing to increased terminal equivalent capacitance value, antenna size can significantly reduce.Around the upper surface paster, also have plated-through hole to connect paster and resonant tank of co-planar waveguide ground formation.Open circuit feeding classification is adopted in this invention, regulate the co-planar waveguide latter end apart from the bottom surface edge apart from d, can control the intensity of feeder line coupling and then can in a big way, satisfy the coupling requirement of antenna radiation impedance, obtain less energy reflection.The size of upper surface metal patch has also determined operating frequency of antenna to a great extent, and when patch length or width increase, the operating frequency of antenna all can descend.
The antenna radiation unit of this antenna, bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide, plated-through hole are integrated on the microwave circuit boards, and bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide is connected with antenna element through plated-through hole; Described antenna radiation unit is made up of two metal patches side by side, has the slit between two metal patches, realizes in the circuit guided wave electromagnetic power conversion in the free space; Described bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide comprises coplanar waveguide feeder line and isolated sheet metal; Wherein, coplanar waveguide feeder line and four isolated sheet metals vertical setting each other are integrated on the same ground level, separate and separate through the slit.Described plated-through hole comprises the two exclusive through holes that link to each other with the antenna radiation unit outward flange and the two row's inner via holes that link to each other near the part in slit with antenna radiation unit; The inner via hole that wherein links to each other with the antenna radiation unit outward flange links to each other with co-planar waveguide ground, links to each other with isolated sheet metal with the accessibke porosity that links to each other near slotted section.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention have that size is little, compact conformation, advantage that cost is low.Common electrical small size antenna then necessarily requires substrate dielectric constant enough could realize the guided wave of shorter wavelength greatly, and then realizes the small size antenna if adopt based on the medium substrate structure.Doing maximum problem like this is exactly that the high dielectric constant material cost is high, and advanced low-k materials F4B commonly used is at present adopted in our invention, and cost reduces greatly.The existing three-D space structure electric small-size antenna of comparing in addition, this invention has the advantage of compact conformation again.
2, the present invention has the higher radiation efficiency and the advantage of gain.It is exactly that radiation efficiency is too low that also there is a fatal problem in the electric small-size antenna of high-k substrate commonly used; The increase of dielectric constant causes the external electromagnetic field overwhelming majority to be limited in the medium; The effect of surface wave also can increase simultaneously, and these directly cause the radiation efficiency of antenna sharply to descend.This invention adopts the sheet material of low-k, when reducing the surface wave effect, also can increase antenna efficiency.In addition when antenna size descends; The decline of the antenna gain that inevitably can follow; Therefore electric small-size antenna itself also exists the theoretical boundary of a gain, though the electronically small antenna that exists has at present reached requirement dimensionally, gain but can not meet the demands far away.This electronically small antenna based on the split ring resonator structure designs when guaranteeing dimensional requirement, also has higher gain.Two metal patches can noticing upper surface can provide comparatively even curface CURRENT DISTRIBUTION as the direct radiation unit, and these all directly help the raising that gains.
3, adopt coplanar waveguide structure among the present invention, therefore can be integrated into easily in little band or the co-planar waveguide system design, realize the seamless link of radio-frequency front-end.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of antenna face of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation at the antenna of the present invention back side.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of antenna of the present invention side.
Fig. 4 is that the S parameters simulation and the measured result of a kind of concrete structure of the present invention compares.
Fig. 5 is E face and the H face normalized power pattern that above-mentioned concrete structure actual measurement of the present invention obtains.
Have among the above figure: antenna radiation unit 1, bottom surface etching coplanar waveguide structure 2 plated-through holes 3, microwave circuit boards 4; Co-planar waveguide ground 5, metal patch 11, slit 12, coplanar waveguide feeder line 21, isolated sheet metal 22, inner via hole 31, accessibke porosity 32.
Embodiment
Among the present invention, this novel electric small-size antenna comprises antenna radiation unit 1, bottom surface etching coplanar waveguide structure 2 plated-through holes 3; Bottom surface etching coplanar waveguide structure 2 is connected on the antenna radiation unit 1 through plated-through hole 3, and total is integrated to be printed on the microwave circuit boards 4.
The antenna radiation unit, bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide, the plated-through hole that the present invention is based on the electric small-size antenna of split ring resonator structure are integrated on the microwave circuit boards, and bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide is connected with antenna element through plated-through hole; Described antenna radiation unit is made up of two metal patches side by side, has the slit between two metal patches, realizes in the circuit guided wave electromagnetic power conversion in the free space.Described bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide comprises coplanar waveguide feeder line and isolated sheet metal; Wherein, coplanar waveguide feeder line and four isolated sheet metals vertical setting each other are integrated on the same ground level, separate and separate through the slit.Described plated-through hole comprises the two exclusive through holes that link to each other with the antenna radiation unit outward flange and the two row's inner via holes that link to each other near the part in slit with antenna radiation unit; Accessibke porosity that wherein links to each other and co-planar waveguide ground with the antenna radiation unit outward flange.
At this, provide a kind of concrete structure to realize the power on design of little resonant antenna of 3.06GHz frequency.Wherein antenna radiation unit 1 is made up of two block length square metal pasters 11; Separate 12 by the slit between two metal patches; Input signal is through coaxial probe feed-in coplanar waveguide feeder line 21, thereby co-planar waveguide ground is through the metal inner via hole 31 formation resonant tank that links to each other with two metal patches 11.Isolated sheet metal 22 is in same ground level with coplanar waveguide feeder line 21, but separate separating.Isolated sheet metal 22 links to each other with two metal patches 11 through metallization inner via hole 31, increases system's equivalent capacity whereby.In this design, metal inner via hole 31 design is near two metal patches, 11 outer peripheral positions, and every metal patch has 18 metal inner via holes 31, is symmetrically distributed in coplanar waveguide feeder line 21 both sides.Similarly, outer accessibke porosity 32 designs of metal are near 12 places, upper surface slit, and 18 metal accessibke porosities 32 of every metal patch are distributed in coplanar waveguide feeder line 21 both sides.The entire antenna similar is in having " brachium " split ring resonator structure, and metal accessibke porosity 32 is equivalent to the brachium of split ring resonator, and when resonance frequency, the ring current in the antenna also is similar to the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION in the split ring resonator very much.This antenna is of a size of 0.204 λ * 0.224 λ * 0.0081 λ, and wherein λ is a free space wavelength, and according to the definition of electric small-size antenna, the radius that can surround the smallest sphere of this antenna is 0.151 λ, satisfies the standard of miniature antenna fully.
Fig. 4 has provided the S parameters simulation and the experiment test result of above-mentioned concrete structure, and Fig. 5 has provided the E face and the H face normalizing power directional diagram of above-mentioned concrete structure.Can find out from the S parameters simulation result of Fig. 4; Electric little resonant antenna emulation frequency (2.953GHZ) based on the split ring resonator structure of the present invention approaches to survey working frequency points (3.05GHZ); And the reflectivity curve of actual measurement has good standing-wave ratio characteristic; Standing-wave ratio is 1.143 at the resonance frequency place, has accomplished the coupling of antenna feed impedance preferably.As can beappreciated from fig. 5 this electronically small antenna has good linear polarization characteristics, and the cross-polarization levels of E face and H face is all less than-20dB on the main lobe direction.The actual measurement yield value (2.254dB) of antenna is very approaching with simulated gain value (2.325dB), and the theoretical boundary that all gains less than electronically small antenna.
Claims (1)
1. electric small-size antenna based on the split ring resonator structure; The antenna radiation unit (1), bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide (2), the plated-through hole (3) that it is characterized in that this antenna are integrated on the microwave circuit boards (4), and bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide (2) is connected with antenna radiation unit (1) through plated-through hole (3); Described antenna radiation unit (1) is made up of two metal patches (11) side by side, has slit (12) between two metal patches, realizes in the circuit guided wave electromagnetic power conversion in the free space; Described bottom surface etching co-planar waveguide (2) comprises coplanar waveguide feeder line (21) and isolated sheet metal (22); Wherein, Coplanar waveguide feeder line (21) is integrated on the same co-planar waveguide ground with the mutual vertical setting of four isolated sheet metals (22); Through the slit separately and separate, described plated-through hole (3) comprises the two exclusive through holes (32) that link to each other with antenna radiation unit (1) outward flange and two arranges inner via holes (31) with antenna radiation unit (1) near what the part of slit (12) linked to each other; The accessibke porosity (32) that wherein links to each other with antenna radiation unit (1) outward flange links to each other with co-planar waveguide ground (5), links to each other with isolated sheet metal (22) with the inner via hole that links to each other near slotted section (31).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100287000A CN101459283B (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2009-01-05 | Electric little dimension antenna based on opening resonance loop structure |
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| CN2009100287000A CN101459283B (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2009-01-05 | Electric little dimension antenna based on opening resonance loop structure |
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| CN101459283B true CN101459283B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101894990A (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2010-11-24 | 东南大学 | Double-frequency polarization insensitive active frequency selective surface |
| CN102832458A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-19 | 云南银河之星科技有限公司 | Double-open-loop electrically-small antenna |
| CN102799926B (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2015-11-18 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | A kind of SD card and radio-frequency recognition system thereof |
| CN105184351A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-12-23 | 广东瑞德智能科技股份有限公司 | Method of embedding radio frequency identification chip in household electrical appliance controller |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1941505A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 西北工业大学 | Microband antenna C-band left-hand material and its array |
| CN101237081A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2008-08-06 | 东南大学 | Multi-resistance band and ultra-broadband antenna realized by split ring resonancer coupling feedback antenna |
| CN101262211A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-09-10 | 东南大学 | Self-resonance structure based on open hole resonance loop |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1941505A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 西北工业大学 | Microband antenna C-band left-hand material and its array |
| CN101262211A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-09-10 | 东南大学 | Self-resonance structure based on open hole resonance loop |
| CN101237081A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2008-08-06 | 东南大学 | Multi-resistance band and ultra-broadband antenna realized by split ring resonancer coupling feedback antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| JP特开2005-192165A 2005.07.14 |
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