CN105572308A - Test device for simulating tunnel excavation process - Google Patents
Test device for simulating tunnel excavation process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105572308A CN105572308A CN201610073083.6A CN201610073083A CN105572308A CN 105572308 A CN105572308 A CN 105572308A CN 201610073083 A CN201610073083 A CN 201610073083A CN 105572308 A CN105572308 A CN 105572308A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- simulation
- test
- layer
- chamber
- tunnel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for simulating the tunnel excavation process. The test device comprises a test box. A dial indicator rack is suspended on the top of the test box. An embedded body is embedded in the bottom of the test box. The test box is filled with a soil mass simulation material. The embedded body comprises a first tunnel excavation test body, a middle partition test body and a second tunnel excavation test body. The first tunnel excavation test body and the second tunnel excavation test body are of the same structure. The first tunnel excavation test body sequentially comprises a primary support simulation layer, a secondary lining simulation layer and a mountain simulation piece from outside to inside. The mountain simulation piece comprises a plurality of plates which are arranged in parallel and detachably connected. By means of the test device, ground surface deformation data can be collected, stress data of a middle partition, a primary support and a secondary lining is collected at the same time, the process of simulating mountain excavation is changed into the process of taking out the simulation piece in a layered mode piece by piece through the platy layered mountain simulation piece, detachment is convenient, and the contour left after detachment is smoother.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tunnel Engineering technical field, be specifically related to a kind of test unit of simulation tunnel digging process.
Background technology
Current utilization geotechnique similarity theory carries out a kind of important means that tunnel physical experiments is research and analysis constructing tunnel problem.
Constructing tunnel model test is carried out mainly through two kinds of methods: the first is excavated and supporting banketed body after having banketed in chamber; Another kind is embedded in the soil body in advance the lining cutting of tunnel support, and the part that tunnel will excavate is made as mould that is wooden or other materials, mounting knob on mould, extracted by mould that is wooden or other materials in the process of excavation simulation.Method one is easy to operate, but the process of excavation simulation is more difficult, when the soil body is relatively soft time, tunneling itself is than being easier to, but the soil body that excavation periphery easily occurs after excavation and before supporting also caves in, and causes test failure, when soil body relative rigid, excavation again very not easily, bothersome effort, and excavation after tunnel contour uneven, install lining cutting be very difficult, or lining cutting contacts not tight with the soil body after installing, not easily collect the data that lining cutting is stressed.Therefore method two is comparatively conventional, but method two also exists certain shortcoming, with pre-buried wood mold coupled excavation simulation part, and the inadequate mechanization of first wood mold coupled processing, the mould and die accuracy processed is inadequate; Secondly, although the overall embedding wood mold coupled device that generally can be provided with handle etc. and be convenient to take out after fill compaction, want extraction smoothly very difficult, can not extract out due to built-in fitting and cause the case of test failure can be found everywhere.And method two is generally by disposable for built-in fitting taking-up, fail to realize the incremental process simulation of tunnel excavation.
The shortcoming that this type of tunnel model test mainly exists at present has: because the difficulty of data acquisition often ignores the simulation of preliminary bracing in the test of simulation tunnel excavation, quite different with real construction method; Action pane is non-dismountable, the recycling of chamber is worth and has a greatly reduced quality; Chamber is directly placed on laboratory floor, and flatness is not enough, makes test findings produce error; The shaping general employing steel mold of gypsum lining cutting or wood mould, cost of manufacture is high and can not complete building of the special-shaped lining cutting such as multiple-arch tunnel, and the extremely difficult making realizing lining thickness and be less than the model of 1cm.Therefore, a kind of excavation difficulty little, can reuse, experimental result is accurate, plastic arbitrary shape lining cutting, data acquisition comprehensive tunnel excavation simulation system are very necessary.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art and deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of test unit of simulation tunnel digging process, this device can not only simulate progressive digging process, and the mould of this device can carry out the simulation that meticulous processing realizes various tunnel simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The test unit of the first simulation tunnel digging process, comprises chamber, and the top of chamber is outstanding establishes indicator bracket, and the bottom of chamber buries embedded body underground, fills soil body simulation material in chamber; Described embedded body comprises the first tunnel excavation test body, mid-board test body and the second tunnel excavation test body, and the first tunnel excavation test body is identical with the structure of the second tunnel excavation test body; First tunnel excavation experiment body comprises preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer and massif simulating piece from outside to inside successively, and massif simulating piece comprises multiple plates arranged that removably connect side by side.
The test unit of the second simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first, and the thickness of described plates is 1cm.
The test unit of the third simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, and described massif simulating piece realizes removably connecting by the harness cord screw rod running through setting.
The test unit of the 4th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, and described preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer and mid-board test body adopt gypsum to build shaping being made; Plates in massif simulating piece are foaming PVC plate.
The test unit of the 5th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 4th kind, the mould of building of described preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer and mid-board test body is formwork for placing component, and formwork for placing component comprises the top fixed head removably connected, multiple template layer and bottom fixed head from top to bottom successively; Multiple template layer is etched to the shape forming part to be built.
The test unit of the 6th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 5th kind, described top fixed head arranges slip casting groove, multiple template layer etches the slip casting gap of preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer or mid-board test body shape, by slip casting groove, gypsum is cast in the slip casting gap of multiple template layer composition, after shaping, preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer or mid-board test body are removed and obtained to top fixed head, multiple template layer and bottom fixed head successively burst.
The test unit of the 7th kind of simulation tunnel digging process on the basis of the first or the second, described indicator bracket comprise be fixed on chamber top singletree, be hung on the height adjusting equipment under strut and the Magnetic gauge stand that is fixedly connected with height adjusting equipment adsorbs bar.
The test unit of the 8th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 7th kind, described height adjusting equipment comprises U-shaped connector, pin, adjusting screw(rod) and setting nut, the openend of U-shaped connector is suspended on singletree by pin is sheathed, adjusting screw(rod) is fixedly connected with U-shaped connector through the arc tips of U-shaped connector, and setting nut controls the height realization adjustment to indicator bracket suspension height of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar on adjusting screw(rod).
The test unit of the 9th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, described chamber is the casing of square upper opening, the bottom of experimental box is leveling base plate, the width face of chamber is the lateral side baffle of monoblock, the length face of chamber is the baffle plate by framework compartmentalization, and arranges detachable operation window in the below in length face.
The test unit of the tenth kind of simulation tunnel digging process, on the basis of the 9th kind, the length face of described chamber arranges vertical scale and horizontal scale; Described lateral side baffle and framework are made by steel, and baffle plate is made by pmma material.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The test unit of the first simulation tunnel digging process of the present invention comprises chamber, and the top of chamber is outstanding establishes indicator bracket, and the bottom of chamber buries embedded body underground, fills soil body simulation material in chamber, massif simulating piece comprises multiple plates arranged that removably connect side by side, the stress data of mid-board and preliminary bracing and secondary lining is gathered while can gathering earth's surface deformation data by device of the present invention, Data Collection is comprehensive, and pass through the setting of the massif simulating piece of sheet layering, the process that simulation massif is excavated becomes takes out piecemeal for simulating piece layering, not only convenient disassembly, and the profile stayed after dismounting is rounder and more smooth, agree with round and smooth degree when making completely, the process of simulation tunnel massif excavation more accurately, by controlling the sheet number simulation tunnel drilling depth of the pre-excavation part of disposable taking-up, make the data of test more accurately and reliably, better instruct practical work process.
The test unit of the second simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first, and the thickness of described plates is 1cm, is convenient to excavate the digging process being beneficial to simultaneously and simulating different operating mode.
The test unit of the third simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, described massif simulating piece realizes removably connecting by the harness cord screw rod running through setting, the structure of harness cord screw rod is not only easy for installation, convenient disassembly, and utilize the coaxial principle of harness cord screw rod, easily multiple plates coaxially can be assembled, ensure integrally-built consistance, the complicated processes of situation monitoring when avoiding installation.
The test unit of the 4th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, and described preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer and mid-board adopt gypsum to build shaping being made; Plates in massif simulating piece are foaming PVC plate, and the foaming PVC plate that tunnel excavates part burst is in advance formed, and achieves the successful excavation in model tunnel, not only make material cheap and easy to get, and shape is easy to control, and improves test accuracy.
The test unit of the 5th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 4th kind, the mould of building of described preliminary bracing simulation layer, secondary lining simulation layer and mid-board test body is formwork for placing component, and formwork for placing component comprises the top fixed head removably connected, multiple template layer and bottom fixed head from top to bottom successively; Multiple template layer is etched to the shape forming part to be built, prepare flexible shapes changeable, building of different shaped element can be met shaping.
The test unit of the 6th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 5th kind, described top fixed head arranges slip casting groove, multiple template layer etches preliminary bracing simulation layer, the slip casting gap of secondary lining simulation layer or mid-board test body shape, by slip casting groove, gypsum is cast in the slip casting gap of multiple template layer composition, by top fixed head after shaping, preliminary bracing simulation layer is removed and obtained to multiple template layer and bottom fixed head successively burst, secondary lining simulation layer or mid-board test body, the mould of split blade type structure is when removing, the integrality of building test specimen can be ensured, and operating process simple economy, be suitable for large-scale promotion.
The test unit of the 7th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, described indicator bracket comprise be fixed on chamber top singletree, be hung on the height adjusting equipment under strut and the Magnetic gauge stand that is fixedly connected with height adjusting equipment adsorbs bar, measured by the ground settlement that applicable differing heights bankets that arranges of height adjusting equipment, and the structure of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar is easy to use, the measuring process of structure to dial gauge that can not produce other has an impact.
The test unit of the 8th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the 7th kind, described height adjusting equipment comprises U-shaped connector, pin, adjusting screw(rod) and setting nut, the openend of U-shaped connector is suspended on singletree by pin is sheathed, adjusting screw(rod) is fixedly connected with U-shaped connector through the arc tips of U-shaped connector, setting nut controls the height realization adjustment to indicator bracket suspension height of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar on adjusting screw(rod), the structure of this height adjusting equipment, not only convenient with the assembling process of the singletree at chamber top, and coordinating by adjusting screw(rod) and setting nut, namely the change of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar height is achieved, thus achieve the adjustment of dial gauge height.
The test unit of the 9th kind of simulation tunnel digging process is on the basis of the first or the second, the bottom of experimental box is leveling base plate, the levelness of warranty test case meets testing requirements, the width face of chamber is the lateral side baffle of monoblock, the length face of chamber is the baffle plate by framework compartmentalization, the baffle arrangement of subregion reduces the rapid wear risk of large-area whole structure, and detachable operation window is set in the below in length face, the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of action pane can need to make according to model size to be changed, putting into of the convenient embedded body without size.
The test unit of the tenth kind of simulation tunnel digging process, on the basis of the 9th kind, the length face of chamber arranges vertical scale and horizontal scale, can observe in experimentation to level and vertical soil body material; Lateral side baffle and framework are made by steel, and baffle plate is made by pmma material, and baffle plate adopts organic material can carry out the observation of change in case, and steel framework and lateral side baffle increase the serviceable life of device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of the embedded body in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of massif simulating piece in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is chamber case construction schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the optional cutting form structural representation of one of detachable operation window in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of indicator bracket in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of suspension height adjustment means in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the formwork for placing element structure schematic diagram of secondary lining simulation layer and preliminary bracing simulation layer in making embedded body of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the Die and mould plate in Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the top layer fixed head of the formwork for placing of mid-board in making embedded body of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the Die and mould plate under the fixed head of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the harness cord screw rod used in the present invention;
Figure 13 is funnel structure schematic diagram of twitching one's mouth;
Figure 14 is ground settlement result statistical graph in embodiment 1;
Figure 15 is the cloth set-point of the pressure cell position figure in embodiment 1, the positional representation pressure cell that the English alphabet in figure is corresponding;
Figure 16 is the result figure of different measuring points pressure in embodiment 1;
Figure 17 is the position of the foil gauge position figure in embodiment 1, the positional representation foil gauge that the English alphabet in figure is corresponding;
Figure 18 is the result figure of different measuring points strain in embodiment 1;
In figure, each label is expressed as: 1-chamber, 101-framework, 102-baffle plate, the detachable operation window of 103-, 1031-window frame, 1032-block, 1033-block bolt, 1034-block nut, 1035-embedded body placement mouth, 104-lateral side baffle, 105-flatten base plate, the vertical scale of 106-, 107-horizontal scale;
The absorption of 2-indicator bracket, 201-height adjusting equipment, 2011-U type connector, 2012-pin, 2013-adjusting screw(rod), 2014-setting nut, 202-Magnetic gauge stand bar, 203-singletree;
3-embedded body, 301-mid-board test body, 302-preliminary bracing simulation layer, 303-secondary lining mould simulation layer, 304-standing screw, 305-hold-down nut, 306-massif simulating piece, 3061-plates, the cutting of 3062-data line cabling;
4-soil body simulation material, 5-formwork for placing component, 501-template layer, 5011-slip casting gap, 5012-screw hole, 5013-tamping equipment hole, 502-top fixed head, 5021-slip casting groove, 503-bottom fixed head, the detachable fixture of 504-, 5041-first hold-down nut, 5042-harness cord screw rod, 5043-second hold-down nut, 5044-leveling nut; 6-slip casting funnel, 601-spout of funnel;
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is illustrated.
Embodiment
Composition graphs 1-7, the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process of the present invention comprises chamber 1, and the top of chamber 1 is outstanding establishes indicator bracket 2, and the bottom of chamber 1 buries embedded body 3 underground, fills soil body simulation material 4 in chamber 1, described embedded body 3 comprises the first tunnel excavation test body, mid-board test body 301 and the second tunnel excavation test body, and the first tunnel excavation test body is identical with the structure of the second tunnel excavation test body, first tunnel excavation experiment body comprises preliminary bracing simulation layer 302 from outside to inside successively, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and massif simulating piece 306, massif simulating piece 306 comprises multiple plates 3061 arranged that removably connect side by side, the stress data of mid-board and preliminary bracing and secondary lining is gathered while can gathering earth's surface deformation data by device of the present invention, Data Collection is comprehensive, and pass through the setting of the massif simulating piece 306 of sheet layering, the process that simulation massif is excavated becomes takes out piecemeal for simulating piece layering, not only convenient disassembly, and the profile stayed after dismounting is rounder and more smooth, agree with round and smooth degree when making completely, the process of simulation tunnel massif excavation more accurately, by controlling the sheet number simulation tunnel drilling depth of the pre-excavation part of disposable taking-up, make the data of test more accurately and reliably, better instruct practical work process.
The thickness of plates 3061 is 1cm, 50 layers are total to thick 0.5m, massif simulating piece 306 realizes removably connecting by the harness cord screw rod running through setting, be specially standing screw 304 and hold-down nut 305 realizes detachably fixing the plates 3061 of burst, standing screw 304 is harness cord screw rod, not only meet the requirement of the massif simulating piece 306 of different-thickness, multiple plates 3061 are forced to limit on the same axis by the coaxial performance of screw rod simultaneously, install and use convenient, also can two or more harness cord screw rods be set according to different requirement of experiment, to meet the fixing requirement of process of the test, in addition, conveniently place data line etc. and measure line, in the top setting data line cabling cutting 3062 of massif simulating piece 306, preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and mid-board test body 301 adopt gypsum to build shaping being made, plates 3061 in massif simulating piece 306 are foaming PVC plate, carry out building the preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and the mid-board test body 301 that make different size according to testing requirements during use, again foaming PVC plate is cut into the plates requiring shape and size, after assembling, namely obtain embedded body 3 of the present invention.
Indicator bracket 2 comprise be fixed on chamber 1 top singletree 203, be hung on the height adjusting equipment 201 under singletree 203 and the Magnetic gauge stand that is fixedly connected with height adjusting equipment 201 adsorbs bar 202; Height adjusting equipment 201 comprises U-shaped connector 2011, pin 2012, adjusting screw(rod) 2013 and setting nut 2014, the openend of U-shaped connector 2011 is suspended on singletree 203 by pin 2012 is sheathed, adjusting screw(rod) 2013 is fixedly connected with U-shaped connector 2011 through the arc tips of U-shaped connector 2011, and setting nut 2014 controls the height realization adjustment to indicator bracket 2 suspension height of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar 202 on adjusting screw(rod) 2013.
Chamber 1 is the casing of square upper opening, the bottom of chamber 1 is leveling base plate 105, the width face of chamber 1 is the lateral side baffle 104 of monoblock, and the length face of chamber 1 is the baffle plate 102 by framework 101 compartmentalization, and arranges detachable operation window 103 in the below in length face.The length face of chamber 1 arranges vertical scale 106 and horizontal scale 107, lateral side baffle 104 and framework 101 are made by steel, and baffle plate 102 is made by pmma material, concrete detachable operation window 103 comprises window frame 1031, block 1032, block bolt 1033, block nut 1034 and embedded body place mouth 1035, emissive plastic glazing installed by window frame 1031, emissive plastic glazing is fixed on window frame 1031 by the block 1032 arranged along window frame 1031 surrounding, block 1032 is removably connected with window frame 1030 by block bolt 1033 and block nut 1034, therefore, the glass sheet of emissive plastic glazing can be pulled down in use, the embedded body meeting embedded body 3 size according to testing requirements cutting places mouth 1035, facilitate imbedding of embedded body 3.
Build making, composition graphs 8-13 in order to what carry out fast the secondary lining simulation layer 303 of gypsum material, preliminary bracing simulation layer 302 and mid-board test body 301 accurately, the present invention gives the mould and device that are more prone to make:
Fig. 8 is formwork for placing component 5 structural representation of secondary lining simulation layer 303 and preliminary bracing simulation layer 302 in making embedded body 3 of the present invention, formwork for placing component 5 comprises top fixed head 502, multiple template layer 501 and bottom fixed head 503 from top to bottom successively, runs through above-mentioned flaggy and arranges detachable fixture 504; Template layer 501 is the plate body of foaming PVC material, according to the different shapes of building article, template layer 501 is carved the slip casting gap 5011 of respective shapes, and the conveniently serial connection of multiple template layer and the evenly smooth and easy of casting process, each template layer 501 arranges screw hole 5012 and tamping equipment hole 5013, screw hole 5012 is installed detachable fixture 504, screw hole 5012 quantity and position stressed in conjunction with mould, to reaching desirable fixed effect, mould adopts multi-disc to be spliced, during the demoulding, slices are taken off, and modelling success ratio is high; Place the stirring that vibration tamper carries out slip casting gypsum in tamping equipment hole 5013, ensure that gypsum lining cutting is built and shaping rear lining quality smoothly, vibration tamper is opened immediately after slip casting completes, and stops vibrating, allow gypsum lining cutting leave standstill shaping after slip casting completes 1min.
Top fixed head 502 and bottom fixed head 503 are steel plate, top fixed head 502 are arranged slip casting groove 5021, and the shaped position in the slip casting gap 5011 on the shape of slip casting groove 5021 and position and template layer 501 is consistent.The duct of serial connection screw rod beaten by bottom fixed head 503, slip casting groove 5021 should be considered to facilitate slip casting to consider to process the convenience of cutting simultaneously, therefore slip casting groove 5021 should be designed to rectangle or border is straight line, in addition for ensureing the globality of end face steel plate, the middle reserve part steel plate of adjacent slip casting groove 5021.
Detachable fixture 504 comprises the first hold-down nut 5041, harness cord screw rod 5042, second hold-down nut 5043 and leveling nut 5044, harness cord screw rod 5042 is through formwork for placing component 5, first hold-down nut 5041 carries out the fixing of integral mold plate component on top fixed head 502, second hold-down nut 5043 and leveling nut 5044 successively and harness cord screw rod 5042 outer at bottom fixed head 503 are coaxially socketed, second hold-down nut 5043 achieves a fixed connection, and leveling nut 5044 ensures the smooth of whole formwork for placing component 5.
Slip casting funnel 6 is made up of hard plastic board, spout of funnel 601 one-tenth flat, and in the convenient slip casting groove 5021 inserted on top fixed head 502, top is circular, facilitates slurry filling.
The use procedure of experimental provision of the present invention is as follows:
Cut the organic glass sheet in detachable operation window 103 according to test design tunnel-shaped, with block 1032, organic glass sheet is fixed on the window frame 1031 of detachable operation window 103;
Deng the plaster cast of preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and mid-board test body 301 reach intensity after paste foil gauge, be combined into embedded body 3 by building preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and the mid-board test body 301 made with the plates 3061 of well cutting;
The ratio choosing lime, gypsum and sand mixing inserts according to testing requirements is made into soil body simulation material 4, being crossed from the embedded body placement mouth 1035 of detachable operation window 103 by the embedded body 3 made in advance is placed in chamber 1, then buries with soil body simulation material 4 and fills out chamber 1 to design height; Indicator bracket 2 is installed, indicator bracket 2 installs and measures the dial gauge of ground settlement;
Gather simulation of excavation process after various instrument initial reading, hold-down nut 305 on the standing screw 304 of removal serial connection built-in fitting 3, extract standing screw 304 out, plates 3061 are taken out according to the step pitch burst of excavation simulation, for model excavation progress for 2cm/h, then take out two panels plates 3061 at every turn, acquisition and recording is carried out to data, the excavation of next drilling depth is simulated at the lower two panels plates 3061 taking out next-door neighbour, until complete whole process of the test after one hour.
Concrete, below by way of a concrete simulative example, the present invention is illustrated:
Embodiment one:
To simulate certain multiple-arch tunnel excavation, list hole, tunnel span 9m, tunnel height 7m.Prototype tunnel preliminary bracing 30cm, secondary lining 40cm, the thick 150m of mid-board, tunneling area country rock grade is IV level, and edpth of tunnel 60m, tunnel excavation drilling depth 3m/ circulate.
Ratio of similitude adopts 50, list hole, model tunnel span 18cm, height 14cm, the thickness of the preliminary bracing simulation layer 302 of preliminary bracing is 6mm, the thickness of secondary lining simulation layer 303 is 8mm, the thickness of mid-board test body 301 is 30mm, and the landfill depth of embedded body more than 3 soil body simulation material 4 is 1.2m.
1. carve modelling mould and excavate pre-buried partial component:
According to moulded dimension and shape in CAD, draw the template layer shape of the plaster cast making preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and mid-board test body 301, template layer 501 is drawn screw hole 5012 and tamping equipment hole 5013 simultaneously.Select thickness 1cm foaming PVC plate, will draw sheet template PVC board engraving machine, difformity carves 50.In tunnel, the method for making of the massif simulating piece 306 of pre-excavation part is consistent with template layer 501 method for making.After completing, the detachable fixture 504 of 50 template layers 501 is connected, and top fixed head 502 is installed and bottom fixed head 503 forms formwork for placing component 5, Fig. 8 and 9 is the schematic diagram of the formwork for placing component of secondary lining simulation layer and preliminary bracing simulation layer, the formwork for placing component 5 of mid-board test body 301 in like manner makes, and Figure 10 and 11 is the structural representation of the formwork for placing component of mid-board test body.
2. make plaster cast:
According to gypsum: water: the mass ratio configuration slurries of gypsum glue=1:1:0.2, are filled in formwork for placing component 5 via slip casting funnel 6, open vibration tamper 1min.Aeration-drying place leaves standstill 48h, and dismounting push pipe fixed head 502, burst removes template layer 501, obtains the plaster cast of preliminary bracing simulation layer 302, secondary lining simulation layer 303 and mid-board test body 301.The lining cutting of polishing gypsum, pastes the test elements such as foil gauge, and is assembled into embedded body 3 with massif simulating piece 306 according to the site marked in Figure 17.
3. fill model casing:
By soil test determination lime, sand, gypsum, ground barium sulfate ratio, fill in chamber 1 as soil body simulation material 4 mix water mixing in stirring machine after, when filling to detachable action pane 103 height, place the embedded body 3 assembled, continue to fill, until stop during the earthing 1.2m of embedded body 3 top.Fill in process when arriving desired location and bury the test elements such as pressure cell underground according to the site in Figure 15.The top layer of leveling earthing, installs indicator bracket 2 and dial gauge.
4. simulation process and data acquisition;
The elements such as foil gauge, pressure cell and dial gauge are connected on data collecting instrument, open data acquisition software, after balance measuring point, carry out data record.Take out 6 pre-buried plates according to drilling depth at every turn, simulate the drilling depth that actual 3m/ circulates.First excavate left hole, excavate right hole again, in whole process, the data record automatic Fitting post-plot of ground settlement is as 14, Figure 14 can find out, the ground settlement of double-arched tunnel is the U-shaped of skewness, the sedimentation of side, leading hole is greater than rear Hang Dong side, and along with excavating the increase ground settlement journey increase trend of step, the ground settlement that middle excavation drilling depth causes is maximum.
The data that different pressures box records are as Figure 16, result in Figure 16 illustrates that tunnel excavation will cause disturbance to country rock, the pressure change of vault measuring point is greater than abutment wall, the range of disturbance of vault is also greater than abutment wall, vault range of disturbance has exceeded a Bei Dong footpath, and abutment wall disturbance is less, and range of disturbance is within a Bei Dong footpath, in strong intensity higher, beyond a Bei Dong footpath, pressure from surrounding rock change is less.On the whole whole excavation claims the stress of monitoring surface all increase with excavation step and increase.
Figure 18 can find out, increase with this excavation step, the strain of secondary lining increases to some extent, and the tunnel before excavation monitoring face is comparatively large to the deformation effect of lining cutting, and the impact of tunnel on lining deformation at rear, excavation monitoring face is less.
Claims (10)
1. the test unit of a simulation tunnel digging process, comprise chamber (1), it is characterized in that, the top of chamber (1) is outstanding establishes indicator bracket (2), the bottom of chamber (1) buries embedded body (3) underground, fills soil body simulation material (4) in chamber (1);
Described embedded body (3) comprises the first tunnel excavation test body, mid-board test body (301) and the second tunnel excavation test body, and the first tunnel excavation test body is identical with the structure of the second tunnel excavation test body;
First tunnel excavation experiment body comprises preliminary bracing simulation layer (302), secondary lining simulation layer (303) and massif simulating piece (306) from outside to inside successively, and massif simulating piece (306) comprises multiple plates (3061) arranged that removably connect side by side.
2. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described plates (3061) is 1cm.
3. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described massif simulating piece (306) realizes removably connecting by the harness cord screw rod running through setting.
4. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described preliminary bracing simulation layer (302), secondary lining simulation layer (303) and mid-board test body (301) adopt gypsum to build shaping being made; Plates (3061) in massif simulating piece (306) are foaming PVC plate.
5. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the mould of building of described preliminary bracing simulation layer (302), secondary lining simulation layer (303) and mid-board test body (301) is formwork for placing component, and formwork for placing component comprises the top fixed head removably connected, multiple template layer and bottom fixed head from top to bottom successively; Multiple template layer is etched to the shape forming part to be built.
6. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described top fixed head arranges slip casting groove, multiple template layer etches preliminary bracing simulation layer (302), the slip casting gap of secondary lining simulation layer (303) or mid-board test body (301) shape, by slip casting groove, gypsum is cast in the slip casting gap of multiple template layer composition, by top fixed head after shaping, preliminary bracing simulation layer (302) is removed and obtained to multiple template layer and bottom fixed head successively burst, secondary lining simulation layer (303) or mid-board test body (301).
7. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described indicator bracket (2) comprise be fixed on chamber (1) top singletree (203), be hung on the height adjusting equipment (201) under singletree (203) and the Magnetic gauge stand that is fixedly connected with height adjusting equipment (201) adsorbs bar (202).
8. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described height adjusting equipment (201) comprises U-shaped connector (2011), pin (2012), adjusting screw(rod) (2013) and setting nut (2014), the openend of U-shaped connector (2011) is suspended on singletree (203) by pin (2012) is sheathed, adjusting screw(rod) (2013) is fixedly connected with U-shaped connector (2011) through the arc tips of U-shaped connector (2011), setting nut (2014) controls the height realization adjustment to indicator bracket (2) suspension height of Magnetic gauge stand absorption bar (202) on adjusting screw(rod) (2013).
9. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the casing that described chamber (1) is square upper opening, the bottom of chamber (1) is leveling base plate (105), the width face of chamber (1) is the lateral side baffle (104) of monoblock, the length face of chamber (1) is the baffle plate (102) by framework (101) compartmentalization, and arranges detachable operation window (103) in the below in length face.
10. the test unit of simulation tunnel digging process as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, the length face of described chamber (1) arranges vertical scale (106) and horizontal scale (107).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073083.6A CN105572308B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | A kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel digging process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073083.6A CN105572308B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | A kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel digging process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105572308A true CN105572308A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN105572308B CN105572308B (en) | 2017-06-09 |
Family
ID=55882675
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073083.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105572308B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | A kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel digging process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105572308B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107103830A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-29 | 同济大学 | The analogy method and used tool of tunnel excavation model test |
| CN107884548A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-06 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of underground engineering geological disaster teaching demonstration device and method |
| CN108362864A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multifunction combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN111537299A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-14 | 湘潭大学 | Rock stratum micro-disturbance continuous excavation method about similar physical model |
| CN112485409A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-03-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Test model and method for tunnel simulated excavation |
| CN113417325A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Underpinning test device and method for shield underpinning bridge pile foundation |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107576761B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-03-24 | 成都理工大学 | Test device for simulating tunnel excavation unloading |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11166399A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-06-22 | Okumura Corp | Lining method of timbering assembled in ring and assembling device of timbering |
| CN201650298U (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-24 | 同济大学 | Plane strain type model testing device capable of simulating the tunnel full-face excavation |
| CN202393607U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-08-22 | 同济大学 | Underground digging simulation test box |
| CN103000068A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2013-03-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel construction process simulating test method |
| CN203720123U (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-07-16 | 长安大学 | Cold region tunnel indoor testing device |
| CN204402498U (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-06-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of multiple-arch tunnel structure for bias voltage landform |
| CN104833537A (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2015-08-12 | 北京交通大学 | Similarity model test apparatus for simulating tunnel construction |
| CN105136507A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-09 | 长安大学 | Experimental apparatus and method of indoor simulation tunnel excavation |
| CN204877506U (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 长安大学 | Indoor test device in han qu tunnel |
| CN205374417U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-06 | 长安大学 | Burst structural formula tunnel excavation test device |
-
2016
- 2016-02-02 CN CN201610073083.6A patent/CN105572308B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11166399A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-06-22 | Okumura Corp | Lining method of timbering assembled in ring and assembling device of timbering |
| CN201650298U (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-24 | 同济大学 | Plane strain type model testing device capable of simulating the tunnel full-face excavation |
| CN202393607U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-08-22 | 同济大学 | Underground digging simulation test box |
| CN103000068A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2013-03-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel construction process simulating test method |
| CN203720123U (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-07-16 | 长安大学 | Cold region tunnel indoor testing device |
| CN204402498U (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-06-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of multiple-arch tunnel structure for bias voltage landform |
| CN104833537A (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2015-08-12 | 北京交通大学 | Similarity model test apparatus for simulating tunnel construction |
| CN204877506U (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 长安大学 | Indoor test device in han qu tunnel |
| CN105136507A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-09 | 长安大学 | Experimental apparatus and method of indoor simulation tunnel excavation |
| CN205374417U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-06 | 长安大学 | Burst structural formula tunnel excavation test device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 谈杜勇: "连拱隧道开挖过程的模型试验研究及其三维数值模拟", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士） 工程科技Ⅱ辑》 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107103830A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-29 | 同济大学 | The analogy method and used tool of tunnel excavation model test |
| CN107103830B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-08-13 | 同济大学 | The analogy method and used tool of tunnel excavation model test |
| CN107884548A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-06 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of underground engineering geological disaster teaching demonstration device and method |
| CN107884548B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2023-12-15 | 西南石油大学 | Underground engineering geological disaster teaching demonstration device and method |
| CN108362864A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multifunction combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN108362864B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2023-08-29 | 北京交通大学 | Multifunctional combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN111537299A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-14 | 湘潭大学 | Rock stratum micro-disturbance continuous excavation method about similar physical model |
| CN112485409A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-03-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Test model and method for tunnel simulated excavation |
| CN112485409B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2024-04-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Test model and method for simulating tunnel excavation |
| CN113417325A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Underpinning test device and method for shield underpinning bridge pile foundation |
| CN113417325B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-07-29 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | Underpinning test device and method for shield underpinning bridge pile foundation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105572308B (en) | 2017-06-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105572308A (en) | Test device for simulating tunnel excavation process | |
| CN103399139B (en) | A kind of open air trestle production model test method and pilot system thereof | |
| CN103616287A (en) | Laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation | |
| CN104391104A (en) | Coal seam analog simulation experiment device and application method thereof | |
| CN105136507B (en) | The experimental provision of a kind of lab simulation tunnel excavation and method | |
| CN108678010A (en) | Prefabricated pipe gallery construction method | |
| CN108643247A (en) | Soft clay area rectangle foundation pit bottom soil body reinforced model testing device and test method | |
| CN103000068A (en) | Tunnel construction process simulating test method | |
| CN205374417U (en) | Burst structural formula tunnel excavation test device | |
| CN111380760A (en) | Tunnel blasting excavation model test system and method | |
| CN103061774A (en) | Shield tunnel construction environment simulation unit | |
| CN208902713U (en) | Ground preloading influences the indoor model test device of existing subway tunnel | |
| CN109681268B (en) | Indoor experiment method for simulating filling process of metal underground mine stope | |
| CN108265996B (en) | Masonry structure wall-breaking hole-opening pre-jacking recovery construction method | |
| CN205422740U (en) | Horizontal tunnel model test device in cavity behind simulation lining wall | |
| CN108181145A (en) | The prefabricated pre-embedded device of tunnel-liner and method in a kind of geomechanical model test | |
| CN107976369B (en) | Simulation system and experimental method for synchronous grouting by shield method | |
| CN109580302B (en) | Tailing paste sample preparation device for uniaxial compression experiment and experiment method | |
| CN110306561A (en) | A kind of foundation pit hardness construction method of interlocking pile | |
| CN113404065B (en) | Cutting slope anchor rod frame beam rapid construction method | |
| CN207757812U (en) | A kind of beam specimen makes and stripping fork | |
| CN113252878A (en) | Device and method for testing stability of slurry groove under load action | |
| CN204221747U (en) | A kind of Novel air pick for excavating architectural engineering rock foundation draws hole support frame | |
| CN104369165A (en) | Novel air pick hole-leading supporting frame for excavation of construction engineering rock foundation | |
| CN212483052U (en) | Quality detection and sampling device for filler seepage water |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170609 Termination date: 20190202 |