CN105571531A - Dynamic detecting device and adjusting method for misalignment of rotating machine - Google Patents
Dynamic detecting device and adjusting method for misalignment of rotating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105571531A CN105571531A CN201610064931.7A CN201610064931A CN105571531A CN 105571531 A CN105571531 A CN 105571531A CN 201610064931 A CN201610064931 A CN 201610064931A CN 105571531 A CN105571531 A CN 105571531A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 106
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic detecting device and an adjusting method for misalignment of a rotating machine. The dynamic detecting device comprises a control cabinet, a testing platform, a stepping motor and a base board, wherein the top surface of the testing platform is provided with a guiderail. The lower part of the base board is embedded on the guiderail through a chute. The base board can slide on the guiderail. The lower part of the base board is connected with a lead screw through a nut in a threaded connection manner. One end of the lead screw is connected with output shaft of the stepping motor. The adjusting method comprises the steps of (1) testing whether the rotating machine is complete; (2) adjusting an eddy current sensor to an appropriate position; (3) resetting the position of the base board; (4) acquiring a signal; (5) drawing an axis orbit; (6) determining the misalignment degree; (7) determining the misalignment type; (8) computing an adjusting amount in XZ; (9) computing the adjusting amount in XY; and (10) acquiring another point in an acquired signal and computing the adjusting amount. The dynamic detecting device has a beneficial effect of detecting the misalignment fault of rotating shafts with different shaft diameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick-up unit and method of adjustment, particularly a kind of rotating machinery misaligns device for dynamically detecting and method of adjustment.
Background technology
Current, global industry is just moving towards industry 4.0, under the background come at industrial circle rapid spread at intelligence manufacture, precision manufactureing etc., and the role that rotating machinery performer is important.In the fault of rotating machinery, due to rotating machinery misalign that the fault caused exceedes total failare number 50%.Rotating machinery misaligns and can bring following problem: the friction increasing shaft coupling, increases the power suffered by bearing, reduces energy use efficiency, shortens the serviceable life of bearing and whole machine, improves operation cost.Therefore solve and misalign problem and be necessary.
Rotor misalignment typically refers to the adjacent axial line of two rotors and the inclination of bearing axis or degrees of offset.Rotor misalignment can be divided into coupling misalignment and bearing to misalign two classes.Measurement mechanism of the present invention and method of adjustment are mainly for coupling misalignment.Coupling misalignment can be divided into again following three classes, as shown in Figure 1, belongs to Parallel misalignment: half a coupler axis being parallel is in coupling design axis, and two half a coupler centers do not overlap diametrically; As shown in Figure 2, belong to inclination angle and misalign: half a coupler axis and coupling design axis have certain inclination angle, and two half a coupler centers overlap diametrically; As shown in Figure 3, belong to parallel rake and misalign: half a coupler axis and coupling design axis have certain inclination angle, and two half a coupler centers do not overlap diametrically.Therefore judge to belong to that form misaligning and the adjustment amount calculated in respective direction is the key of adjustment shaft coupling centering.
For the solution of coupling misalignment problem, application number be 200810227585.5 and 200810227587.4 patent propose the method that shaft coupling Parallel misalignment and Turbo-generator Set shaft coupling angle misalign On-line Fault real-time diagnosis.The method of two patent propositions can only accomplish that the monitoring that Parallel misalignment and inclination angle misalign judges, do not provide concrete side-play amount, inclination value or corresponding adjustment amount, and these two patents all can only be used for judging whether to there is the fault misaligned.For existing coupling misalignment detection method deficiency with calculate that misalign can the complexity of method of adjustment amount, not easily realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to misalign to solve existing rotating machinery the problems existed in device for dynamically detecting and method of adjustment, and a kind of rotating machinery provided misaligns device for dynamically detecting and method of adjustment.
Rotating machinery provided by the invention misaligns device for dynamically detecting and includes switch board, test board, stepper motor and base plate, wherein the end face of test board is provided with guide rail, the bottom of base plate is embedded on guide rail by chute, base plate can in the enterprising line slip of guide rail, the bottom of base plate is bolted with leading screw by nut, one end of leading screw is connected with the output shaft of stepper motor, stepper motor orders about screw turns by output shaft thus drives base plate along the slide on test board end face, the top of base plate is embedded with the first laser displacement sensor, one end of base plate is vertical with base plate is provided with vertical plate, vertical plate is embedded with the second laser displacement sensor, stepper motor controls work by switch board, the information of the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor collection can be transferred in switch board, switch board can store the information collected, analyze and Graphics Processing.
The junction of leading screw and stepper motor output shaft is provided with flexible sheet shaft coupling.
Plate top surface is provided with the first projection, and the first projection offers the first groove, the first laser displacement sensor is embedded in the first groove by the first slide block, and the first laser displacement sensor can slide along the direction of the first projection in the first groove.
Vertical plate is provided with the second projection, and the second projection offers the second groove, the second laser displacement sensor is embedded in the second groove by the second slide block, and the second laser displacement sensor can slide along the direction of the second projection in the second groove.
One end of test board is also provided with the 3rd laser displacement sensor.
Rotating machinery provided by the invention misaligns the method for adjustment of detection of dynamic, and its concrete steps are as follows:
(1), check whether pick-up unit part installs completely, and whether electrical equipment line is correct;
(2), by the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor adjust to suitable position, namely the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are apart from the shortest position of rotating shaft surface to be measured; Detection of dynamic or Static Detection are carried out in judgement, and detection of dynamic carries out step (3), and Static Detection carries out step (11);
(3) after, " zero " is returned in base plate position, open switch board, start the drive motor of main drive shaft, main drive shaft and driven shaft is driven to operate with a constant rotational speed, now, drive leading screw to drive the movement of base plate by the running of switch board control step motor, base plate is moved to extreme position on the left of test board, specify that this position is for " zero point ";
(4) signal of four positions, is gathered, base plate is moved to four positions of main drive shaft and driven shaft by switch board control step motor respectively, when base plate moves to each position, stepper motor stops, when base plate reach stable after, record the signal of the 3rd laser displacement sensor, the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor, suppose that being parallel to main drive shaft axis direction is X-direction, short transverse is Z-direction, direction perpendicular to X and Z is Y-direction, is respectively x at the signal of this four positions the 3rd laser displacement sensor collection
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are s at first position collection signal respectively
11, s
12, the time of collection is t
1second, place has gathered signal after, restart stepper motor, drive base plate reach second position, stepper motor stop, when base plate reach stablize after, start the signal s gathering second position
21, s
22in like manner, by complete for the signals collecting of the third and fourth position, here need to ensure that having gathered turning axle in time that the next position place starts to gather in a upper position have rotated integer circle, just think that the signal that the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor gather in four positions of main drive shaft and driven shaft is " carrying out " simultaneously, in order to not affect measuring accuracy, require acquisition time t
1the time of main drive shaft triple turn should be greater than, after filtering is carried out after the signal of these four station acquisition converts displacement signal to the first laser displacement sensor on base plate, be respectively s
11, s
21, s
31, s
41, after filtering is carried out after the signal of these four station acquisition converts displacement signal to the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate, be respectively s
12, s
22, s
32, s
42;
(5), make the orbit of shaft center of main drive shaft and driven shaft four positions, by the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor, the signal on these four positions combines at complex plane, forms complex signal A
1=s
11+ js
12, Here it is the orbit of shaft center of main drive shaft when first position, in like manner can obtain the orbit of shaft center of other three positions;
(6), judge the order of severity of coupling misalignment, according to the shape of the orbit of shaft center that step (5) is made, judge shaft coupling centering situation now, in the good situation of centering situation, orbit of shaft center is the ellipse that major and minor axis is more or less the same; When misaligning, orbit of shaft center is banana-shaped; When seriously misaligning, orbit of shaft center is the outer Eight characters or interior splayed;
(7), judging the type of coupling misalignment, when occurring misaligning and seriously misalign, needing judgement to belong to which kind of coupling misalignment type, criterion according to the phase differential that same direction, shaft coupling both sides produces, as by signal s
21, s
31or s
11, s
41carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtain phase spectrum to obtain phase differential, when phase differential is 0 °, then belong to shaft coupling Parallel misalignment; Then belong to shaft coupling inclination angle when phase differential is 180 ° to misalign; Phase differential then belongs to shaft coupling parallel rake when being 0 ° ~ 180 ° and misaligns;
(8) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XZ, which kind of just need to calculate the adjustment amount in respective direction after judging to belong to the misaligning of type, be used to guide adjustment to misalign, when adjustment misaligns, with the position of main drive shaft for standard, adjustment driven shaft, in plane X Z, the signal x gathered with four positions of the 3rd laser displacement sensor on main drive shaft and driven shaft
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered the first and second two positions with the first laser displacement sensor on base plate
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as z here
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, make a m
11, m
21, n
11, n
21, some m
11, m
21straight line l can be determined
1, slope is k
1, some n
11, n
21straight line l can be determined
2, slope is k
2, some n '
11, n '
21be and a n
11, n
21when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
1on position, slope k
1=(z
2-z
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
1equation be
slope k
2=(z
4-z
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
2equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
1equation, just can obtain a n '
11, n '
21coordinate in z-direction, some n '
11coordinate be (x
3, k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1); Point n '
21coordinate be (x
4, k
1(x
4-x
1)+z
1), as a n
11, n
21adjust to a n '
11, n '
21during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft and driven shaft in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in z-direction puts n exactly
11, n
21with a n '
11, n '
21z-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ z
3, Δ z
4, wherein Δ z
3=k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1-z
3, Δ z
4=k
1(x
4-x
1)+z
1-z
4, straight line l
1with straight line l
2between angle α=| (k
1-k
2)/1+k
1k
2|;
(9) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XY, in plane X Y, the signal x gathered with four positions of laser displacement sensor on main drive shaft and driven shaft
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered the first and second two positions with the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as y here
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, make a m
12, m
22, n
12, n
22, some m
12, m
22straight line l can be determined
3, slope is k
3, some n
12, n
22straight line l can be determined
4, slope is k
4. some n '
12, n '
22be and a n
12, n
22when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
3on position, slope k
3=(y
2-y
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
3equation be
slope k
4=(y
4-y
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
4straight-line equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
3equation, just can obtain a n '
12, n '
22coordinate in the Y direction, some n '
12coordinate be (x
3, k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1); Point n '
22coordinate be (x
4, k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1), as a n
12, n
22adjust to a n '
12, n '
22during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft and driven shaft in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in the Y direction puts n exactly
12, n
22with a n '
12, n '
22y-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ y
3, Δ y
4, wherein Δ y
3=k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1-y
3, Δ y
4=k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1-y
4, straight line l
3with straight line l
4between angle β=| (k
3-k
4)/1+k
3k
4|;
(10) another point, got on collection signal calculates adjustment amount, in order to ensure that adjustment is more accurate, here by step (8) with the first and second two the signal ss that position gather of the first laser displacement sensor on base plate on main drive shaft and driven shaft
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2become the signal s that the first and second two positions gather
11, s
21the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as z
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, with the signal s that the first and second two position of the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate on main drive shaft and driven shaft gathers in step (9)
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2become the signal s that the first and second two positions gather
12, s
22the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as y
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, continue step (8), (9), the adjustment amount finally calculated on Z and Y-direction is respectively Δ z '
3, Δ z '
4, Δ y '
3, Δ y '
4, then final adjustment amount is: be Δ z in z-direction "
3=(Δ z
3+ Δ z '
3)/2, Δ z "
4=(Δ z
4+ Δ z '
4)/2; Δ y in the Y direction "
3=(Δ y
3+ Δ y '
3)/2, Δ y "
4=(Δ y
4+ Δ y '
4)/2;
(11), for Static Detection, the motor starting main drive shaft is not needed in step (3), the number of turns only needing manual rotation axle three to enclose when gathering the signal of main drive shaft and driven shaft four positions in the step (4) or more, next carries out according to the step of detection of dynamic.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Technical scheme provided by the invention can realize the detection of dynamic of shaft coupling Shaft alignment state, and the adjustment amount that can calculate in respective direction, can play to coupling misalignment the effect that shaft coupling centering is debugged in on-line monitoring, early warning and guidance, fault can be misaligned to the turning axle of different diameter of axle size and detect.Pick-up unit part adopts laser displacement sensor to carry out non-contact measurement, and thus detected turning axle can be in rotation status, can accomplish real-time early warning coupler of rotating machinery being misaligned to fault simultaneously.Measuring Time is short, and measuring process is simple.The type of coupling misalignment can not only be judged, but also the adjustment amount in respective direction can be calculated.Signal according to two laser displacement sensor collections obtains orbit of shaft center, judges the order of severity of coupling misalignment, and the signal phase difference on equidirectional according to shaft coupling both sides judges the type misaligned.The adjustment amount in respective direction can be calculated according to the signal collected four positions, instruct misaligning of adjustment coupler of rotating machinery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shaft coupling Parallel misalignment schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that shaft coupling inclination angle misaligns schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 shaft coupling parallel rake misaligns schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is pick-up unit one-piece construction figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is base arrangement schematic diagram in pick-up unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the specific implementation process process flow diagram of method of adjustment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the measuring position schematic diagram of method of adjustment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the Chart of axes track of method of adjustment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the adjustment amount calculating schematic diagram in the Z-direction of method of adjustment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the adjustment amount calculating schematic diagram in the Y-direction of method of adjustment of the present invention.
1, switch board 2, test board 3, stepper motor 4, base plate 5, guide rail 6, chute 7, nut 8, leading screw 9, output shaft 10, first laser displacement sensor 11, vertical plate 12, second laser displacement sensor 13, flexible sheet shaft coupling 14, first projection 15, first groove 16, first slide block 17, second projection 18, second groove 19, second slide block 20, the 3rd laser displacement sensor 21, main drive shaft 22, driven shaft.
Embodiment
Refer to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: rotating machinery provided by the invention misaligns device for dynamically detecting and includes switch board 1, test board 2, stepper motor 3 and base plate 4, wherein the end face of test board 2 is provided with guide rail 5, the bottom of base plate 4 is embedded on guide rail 5 by chute 6, base plate 4 can in the enterprising line slip of guide rail 5, nut 7 is bolted on the centre of two chutes 6 about base plate 4 bottom, nut 7 and leading screw 8 are installed togather, one end of leading screw 8 is connected by flexible sheet shaft coupling 13 with the output shaft 9 of stepper motor 3, stepper motor 3 orders about leading screw 8 by output shaft 9 and rotates thus drive base plate 4 to slide along the guide rail 5 on test board 2 end face, the top of base plate 4 is embedded with the first laser displacement sensor 10, one end of base plate 4 is vertical with base plate 4 is provided with vertical plate 11, vertical plate 11 is embedded with the second laser displacement sensor 12, stepper motor 3 controls work by switch board 1, the information that first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12 gather can be transferred in switch board 1, switch board 1 can store the information collected, analyze and Graphics Processing.
Base plate 4 end face is provided with the first projection 14, first projection 14 offers the first groove 15, first laser displacement sensor 10 is embedded in the first groove 15 by the first slide block 16, and the first laser displacement sensor 10 can slide along the direction of the first projection 14 in the first groove 15.
Vertical plate 11 is provided with the second projection 17, second projection 17 offers the second groove 18, second laser displacement sensor 12 is embedded in the second groove 18 by the second slide block 19, and the second laser displacement sensor 12 can slide along the direction of the second projection 17 in the second groove 18.
One end of test board 2 is also provided with the 3rd laser displacement sensor 20.
Rotating machinery provided by the invention misaligns the method for adjustment of detection of dynamic, and its concrete steps are as follows:
(1), check whether pick-up unit installs completely, and whether electrical equipment line is correct;
(2), by the first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12 adjust to suitable position, namely the first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12 are apart from the shortest position of rotating shaft surface; Detection of dynamic or Static Detection are carried out in judgement, and detection of dynamic carries out step (3), and Static Detection carries out step (11);
(3), base plate 4 position is returned " zero ", open switch board 1, start the motor of main drive shaft 21, main drive shaft 21 and driven shaft 22 is driven to operate with a constant rotational speed, the running of switch board 1 control step motor 3 drives leading screw 8 to drive base plate 4 to move, base plate 4 is moved to the left side extreme position of test board 2, specify that this position is for " zero point ";
(4) signal of four positions, is gathered: consult Fig. 7, base plate 4 is moved to tetra-positions of e, f, g, the h shown in Fig. 7 by switch board 1 control step motor 3 respectively.When base plate 4 moves to each position in these four positions, stepper motor 3 stops, when base plate 4 reach stable after, record the signal of the 3rd laser displacement sensor 20, first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12.Suppose that being parallel to main drive shaft 21 axis direction is X-direction, short transverse is Z-direction, and the direction perpendicular to X and Z is Y-direction.The signal gathered at this four positions the 3rd laser displacement sensor 20 is respectively x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4.First laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12 are s at e place, Fig. 7 position collection signal respectively
11, s
12, the time of collection is t
1second, after place has gathered signal, restart stepper motor 3, drive base plate 4 to reach the position at f place, stepper motor 3 stops, after base plate 4 reaches and stablizes, recording first laser displacement sensor 10 at f place and the signal of the second laser displacement sensor 12, is s respectively
21, s
22in like manner, by complete for the signals collecting at g, h place, Fig. 7 position, here need to ensure that having gathered turning axle in time that the next position place starts to gather in a upper position have rotated integer circle, just think that the signal that the first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12 gather in four positions of main drive shaft and driven shaft is " carrying out " simultaneously, in order to not affect measuring accuracy, require acquisition time t
1the time of main drive shaft 21 triple turn should be greater than, after the signal (converting displacement signal to) of these four station acquisition carries out filtering, s is respectively to the first laser displacement sensor 10 on base plate 4
11, s
21, s
31, s
41, after the signal (converting displacement signal to) of these four station acquisition carries out filtering, s is respectively to the second laser displacement sensor 12 on vertical plate 11
12, s
22, s
32, s
42;
(5) orbit of shaft center of e, f, g, h tetra-positions, is made.By the first laser displacement sensor 10 and the second laser displacement sensor 12, the signal on these four positions combines at complex plane, such as, during e place, position in the figure 7, forms complex signal A
1=s
11+ js
12, Here it is the orbit of shaft center of main drive shaft 21 when e place, Fig. 7 position.In like manner can obtain the orbit of shaft center at f, g, h place, Fig. 7 position;
(6) order of severity of coupling misalignment, is judged.According to the shape of the orbit of shaft center that step (5) is made, judge shaft coupling centering situation now.As shown in Figure 8, in the good situation of centering situation, orbit of shaft center is the ellipse that major and minor axis is more or less the same; When misaligning, orbit of shaft center is banana-shaped; When seriously misaligning, orbit of shaft center is the outer Eight characters or interior splayed;
(7), judging the type of coupling misalignment, when occurring misaligning and seriously misalign, needing judgement to belong to which kind of coupling misalignment type.Criterion then can according to the phase differential that same direction, shaft coupling both sides produces, as by signal s
21, s
31or s
11, s
41carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtain phase spectrum to obtain phase differential.Shaft coupling Parallel misalignment is then belonged to when phase differential is 0 °; Then belong to shaft coupling inclination angle when phase differential is 180 ° to misalign; Phase differential then belongs to shaft coupling parallel rake when being 0 ° ~ 180 ° and misaligns;
(8) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XZ, just needs to calculate the adjustment amount in respective direction after judging to belong to the misaligning of which kind of type, is used to guide adjustment and misaligns.Here misalign with parallel rake and analyze.When adjustment misaligns, with the position of main drive shaft 21 for standard, adjustment driven shaft 22.As shown in Figure 9, in plane X Z, the signal x gathered in Fig. 7 e, f, g, h tetra-positions with the 3rd laser displacement sensor 20
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered in Fig. 7 e, f two position with the first laser displacement sensor 10 on base plate 4
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2, be designated as z here
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, make a m
11, m
21, n
11, n
21, some m
11, m
21straight line l can be determined
1, slope is k
1, some n
11, n
21straight line l can be determined
2, slope is k
2.Point n '
11, n '
21be and a n
11, n
21when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
1on position.Slope k
1=(z
2-z
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
1equation be
slope k
2=(z
4-z
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
2equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
1equation, just can obtain a n '
11, n '
21coordinate in z-direction.Point n '
11coordinate be (x
3, k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1); Point n '
21coordinate be (x
4, k
1(x
4-x
1)+z
1).As a n
11, n
21adjust to a n '
11, n '
21during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft 21 and driven shaft 22 in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in z-direction puts n exactly
11, n
21with a n '
11, n '
21z-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ z
3, Δ z
4.Wherein Δ z
3=k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1-z
3, Δ z
4=k
1(x
4-x
1)+z
1-z
4.Straight line l
1with straight line l
2between angle α=| (k
1-k
2)/1+k
1k
2|;
(9) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XY.As shown in Figure 10, in plane X Y, the signal x gathered in Fig. 7 e, f, gh tetra-positions with the 3rd laser displacement sensor 20
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered in Fig. 7 e, f two position with the second laser displacement sensor 12 on vertical plate 11
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
32, s
42the worth mean value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2, be designated as y here
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, make a m
12, m
22, n
12, n
22, some m
12, m
22straight line l can be determined
3, slope is k
3, some n
12, n
22straight line l can be determined
4, slope is k
4. some n '
12, n '
22be and a n
12, n
22when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
3on position.Slope k
3=(y
2-y
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
3equation be
slope k
4=(y
4-y
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
4straight-line equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
3equation, just can obtain a n '
12, n '
22coordinate in the Y direction.Point n '
12coordinate be (x
3, k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1); Point n '
22coordinate be (x
4, k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1).As a n
12, n
22adjust to a n '
12, n '
22during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft 21 and driven shaft 22 in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in the Y direction puts n exactly
12, n
22with a n '
12, n '
22y-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ y
3, Δ y
4.Wherein Δ y
3=k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1-y
3, Δ y
4=k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1-y
4.Straight line l
3with straight line l
4between angle β=| (k
3-k
4)/1+k
3k
4|.
(10), another point got on collection signal calculates adjustment amount, in order to ensure that adjustment is more accurate, here by step (8) with the signal s that the first laser displacement sensor 10 on base plate 4 gathers in Fig. 7 e, f two position
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2become the signal s that e, f two positions gather
11, s
21the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2, be designated as z
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, with the signal s that the second laser displacement sensor 12 on vertical plate 11 gathers in Fig. 7 e, f two position in step (9)
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2become the signal s that e, f two positions gather
12, s
22the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft 21 respectively
1with the signal s gathered in g, h position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft 22 respectively
2, be designated as y
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, continue step (8), (9), the adjustment amount finally calculated on Z and Y-direction is respectively Δ z '
3, Δ z '
4, Δ y '
3, Δ y '
4.Then final adjustment amount is: be Δ z in z-direction "
3=(Δ z
3+ Δ z '
3)/2, Δ z "
4=(Δ z
4+ Δ z '
4)/2; Δ y in the Y direction "
3=(Δ y
3+ Δ y '
3)/2, Δ y "
4=(Δ y
4+ Δ y '
4)/2.
(11), for Static Detection, the motor starting main drive shaft 21 is not needed in step (3), the number of turns only needing manual rotation axle three to enclose when gathering the signal of Fig. 7 tetra-positions in the step (4) or more, next carries out according to the step of detection of dynamic.
Claims (5)
1. a rotating machinery misaligns device for dynamically detecting, it is characterized in that: include switch board, test board, stepper motor and base plate, wherein the end face of test board is provided with guide rail, the bottom of base plate is embedded on guide rail by chute, base plate can in the enterprising line slip of guide rail, the bottom of base plate is bolted with leading screw by nut, one end of leading screw is connected with the output shaft of stepper motor, stepper motor orders about screw turns by output shaft thus drives base plate along the slide on test board end face, the top of base plate is embedded with the first laser displacement sensor, one end of base plate is vertical with base plate is provided with vertical plate, vertical plate is embedded with the second laser displacement sensor, stepper motor controls work by switch board, the information of the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor collection can be transferred in switch board, switch board can store the information collected, analyze and Graphics Processing.
2. a kind of rotating machinery according to claim 1 misaligns device for dynamically detecting, it is characterized in that: described plate top surface is provided with the first projection, first projection offers the first groove, first laser displacement sensor is embedded in the first groove by the first slide block, and the first laser displacement sensor can slide along the first protrusion direction in the first groove.
3. a kind of rotating machinery according to claim 1 misaligns device for dynamically detecting, it is characterized in that: described vertical plate is provided with the second projection, second projection offers the second groove, second laser displacement sensor is embedded in the second groove by the second slide block, and the second laser displacement sensor can slide along the second protrusion direction in the second groove.
4. a kind of rotating machinery according to claim 1 misaligns device for dynamically detecting, it is characterized in that: one end of described test board is also provided with the 3rd laser displacement sensor.
5. rotating machinery misaligns a method of adjustment for detection of dynamic, it is characterized in that: its concrete steps are as follows:
(1), check whether pick-up unit part installs completely, and whether electrical equipment line is correct;
(2), by the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor adjust to suitable position, namely the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are apart from the shortest position of rotating shaft surface to be measured; Detection of dynamic or Static Detection are carried out in judgement, and detection of dynamic carries out step (3), and Static Detection carries out step (11);
(3) after, " zero " is returned in base plate position, open switch board, start the drive motor of main drive shaft, main drive shaft and driven shaft is driven to operate with a constant rotational speed, now, drive ball-screw to drive the movement of base plate by the running of switch board control step motor, base plate is moved to extreme position on the left of test board, specify that this position is for " zero point ";
(4) signal of four positions, is gathered, base plate is moved to four positions of main drive shaft and driven shaft by switch board control step motor respectively, when base plate moves to each position, stepper motor stops, when base plate reach stable after, record the signal of the 3rd laser displacement sensor, the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor, suppose that being parallel to main drive shaft axis direction is X-direction, short transverse is Z-direction, direction perpendicular to X and Z is Y-direction, is respectively x at the signal of this four positions the 3rd laser displacement sensor collection
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are s at first position collection signal respectively
11, s
12, the time of collection is t
1second, place has gathered signal after, restart stepper motor, drive base plate reach second position, stepper motor stop, when base plate reach stablize after, start the signal s gathering second position
21, s
22in like manner, by complete for the signals collecting of the third and fourth position, here need to ensure that having gathered turning axle in time that the next position place starts to gather in a upper position have rotated integer circle, just think that the signal that the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor gather in four positions of main drive shaft and driven shaft is " carrying out " simultaneously, in order to not affect measuring accuracy, require acquisition time t
1the time of main drive shaft triple turn should be greater than, after filtering is carried out after the signal of these four station acquisition converts displacement signal to the first laser displacement sensor on base plate, be respectively s
11, s
21, s
31, s
41, after filtering is carried out after the signal of these four station acquisition converts displacement signal to the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate, be respectively s
12, s
22, s
32, s
42;
(5), make the orbit of shaft center of main drive shaft and driven shaft four positions, by the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor, the signal on these four positions combines at complex plane, forms complex signal A
1=s
11+ js
12, Here it is the orbit of shaft center of main drive shaft when first position, in like manner can obtain the orbit of shaft center of other three positions;
(6), judge the order of severity of coupling misalignment, according to the shape of the orbit of shaft center that step (5) is made, judge shaft coupling centering situation now, in the good situation of centering situation, orbit of shaft center is the ellipse that major and minor axis is more or less the same; When misaligning, orbit of shaft center is banana-shaped; When seriously misaligning, orbit of shaft center is the outer Eight characters or interior splayed;
(7), judging the type of coupling misalignment, when occurring misaligning and seriously misalign, needing judgement to belong to which kind of coupling misalignment type, criterion according to the phase differential that same direction, shaft coupling both sides produces, as by signal s
21, s
31or s
11, s
41carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtain phase spectrum to obtain phase differential, when phase differential is 0 °, then belong to shaft coupling Parallel misalignment; Then belong to shaft coupling inclination angle when phase differential is 180 ° to misalign; Phase differential then belongs to shaft coupling parallel rake when being 0 ° ~ 180 ° and misaligns;
(8) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XZ, which kind of just need to calculate the adjustment amount in respective direction after judging to belong to the misaligning of type, be used to guide adjustment to misalign, when adjustment misaligns, with the position of main drive shaft for standard, adjustment driven shaft, in plane X Z, the signal x gathered with four positions of the 3rd laser displacement sensor on main drive shaft and driven shaft
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered the first and second two positions with the first laser displacement sensor on base plate
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as z here
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, make a m
11, m
21, n
11, n
21, some m
11, m
21straight line l can be determined
1, slope is k
1, some n
11, n
21straight line l can be determined
2, slope is k
2, some n '
11, n '
21be and a n
11, n
21when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
1on position, slope k
1=(z
2-z
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
1equation be
slope k
2=(z
4-z
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
2equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
1equation, just can obtain a n '
11, n '
21coordinate in z-direction, some n '
11coordinate be (x
3, k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1); Point n '
21coordinate be (x
4, k
1(x
4-x
1)+z
1), as a n
11, n
21adjust to a n '
11, n '
21during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft and driven shaft in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in z-direction puts n exactly
11, n
21with a n '
11, n '
21z-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ z
3, Δ z
4, wherein Δ z
3=k
1(x
3-x
1)+z
1-z
3, Δ z
4=k
1(x
4-s
1)+z
1-z
4, straight line l
1with straight line l
2between angle α=| (k
1-k
2)/1+k
1k
2|;
(9) adjustment amount, in Calculation Plane XY, in plane X Y, the signal x gathered with four positions of laser displacement sensor on main drive shaft and driven shaft
1, x
2, x
3, x
4for X-direction coordinate, the signal s gathered the first and second two positions with the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as y here
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, make a m
12, m
22, n
12, n
22, some m
12, m
22straight line l can be determined
3, slope is k
3, some n
12, n
22straight line l can be determined
4, slope is k
4. some n '
12, n '
22be and a n
12, n
22when X-coordinate is identical, at straight line l
3on position, slope k
3=(y
2-y
1)/(x
2-x
1), straight line l
3equation be
slope k
4=(y
4-y
3)/(x
4-x
3), straight line l
4straight-line equation be
by x
3, x
4bring straight line l into
3equation, just can obtain a n '
12, n '
22coordinate in the Y direction, some n '
12coordinate be (x
3, k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1); Point n '
22coordinate be (x
4, k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1), as a n
12, n
22adjust to a n '
12, n '
22during position, illustrate that the situation that misaligns of main drive shaft and driven shaft in plane X Z has been adjusted, adjustment amount in the Y direction puts n exactly
12, n
22with a n '
12, n '
22y-direction on the difference of coordinate, be designated as Δ y
3, Δ y
4, wherein Δ y
3=k
3(x
3-x
1)+y
1-y
3, Δ y
4=k
3(x
4-x
1)+y
1-y
4, straight line l
3with straight line l
4between angle β=| (k
3-k
4)/1+k
3k
4|;
(10) another point, got on collection signal calculates adjustment amount, in order to ensure that adjustment is more accurate, here by step (8) with the first and second two the signal ss that position gather of the first laser displacement sensor on base plate on main drive shaft and driven shaft
11, s
21each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2become the signal s that the first and second two positions gather
11, s
21the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
31, s
41the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as z
1, z
2, z
3, z
4as the coordinate in Z-direction, with the signal s that the first and second two position of the second laser displacement sensor on vertical plate on main drive shaft and driven shaft gathers in step (9)
12, s
22each cycle in the mean value of maximal value add the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2become the signal s that the first and second two positions gather
12, s
22the mean value of the minimum value in each cycle adds the radius r of main drive shaft respectively
1with the signal s gathered in the third and fourth position
32, s
42the mean value of the value in corresponding moment adds the radius r of driven shaft respectively
2, be designated as y
1, y
2, y
3, y
4as the coordinate in Y-direction, continue step (8), (9), the adjustment amount finally calculated on Z and Y-direction is respectively Δ z '
3, Δ z '
4, Δ y '
3, Δ y '
4, then final adjustment amount is: be Δ z in z-direction "
3=(Δ z
3+ Δ z '
3)/2, Δ z "
4=(Δ z
4+ Δ z '
4)/2; △ y in the Y direction "
3=(Δ y
3+ Δ y '
3)/2, △ y "
4=(△ y
4+ △ y '
4)/2;
(11), for Static Detection, the motor starting main drive shaft is not needed in step (3), only need manual rotation axle three to enclose or a few when gathering the signal of main drive shaft and driven shaft four positions in step (4), next carry out according to the step of detection of dynamic.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610064931.7A CN105571531B (en) | 2016-01-30 | 2016-01-30 | A kind of rotating machinery misaligns device for dynamically detecting and method of adjustment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610064931.7A CN105571531B (en) | 2016-01-30 | 2016-01-30 | A kind of rotating machinery misaligns device for dynamically detecting and method of adjustment |
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| CN110243460A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of measuring device and method of ultrasonic sound field |
| CN110243460B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-02-09 | 西安交通大学 | Ultrasonic sound field measuring device and method |
| CN110345854B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-09-03 | 湖南科技大学 | Mobile rotor system misalignment multi-dimensional quantitative detection device and method |
| CN110345854A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南科技大学 | It is a kind of movable type rotor-support-foundation system misalign various dimensions quantitative testing device and method |
| CN110553571B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Shafting centering parameter measuring method |
| CN110553571A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Shafting centering parameter measuring method |
| CN111486813A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-04 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Device and method for measuring static misalignment of two rotors |
| CN113982970A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 辽宁红沿河核电有限公司 | Method for adjusting main pump assembly in middle |
| CN114322906A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-12 | 广西防城港核电有限公司 | Measuring device suitable for shaft coupling centering |
| CN114322906B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-05-07 | 广西防城港核电有限公司 | Measuring device suitable for shaft coupling centering |
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