CN105568924B - A kind of manual multiple river course and the method using artificial composite river enhancing water quality - Google Patents
A kind of manual multiple river course and the method using artificial composite river enhancing water quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN105568924B CN105568924B CN201610100904.0A CN201610100904A CN105568924B CN 105568924 B CN105568924 B CN 105568924B CN 201610100904 A CN201610100904 A CN 201610100904A CN 105568924 B CN105568924 B CN 105568924B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B2201/00—Devices, constructional details or methods of hydraulic engineering not otherwise provided for
- E02B2201/02—Devices and methods for creating a buffer zone in the water to separate, e.g. salt and sweet water
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of manual multiple river course and the method using artificial composite river enhancing water quality, the manual multiple river course includes multiple " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated components, horizontal fixture, vertical fixture, " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component includes post centrum, crossbeam, horizontal pod apertures, longitudinal pod apertures, vertical pod apertures, lateral connection hole, vertical fixing hole, by lateral connection hole, laterally fixed " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component, the vertical fixture pass through the vertical fixation of vertical fixing hole " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component to the horizontal fixture.The manual multiple river course can strengthen water quality of river, accelerate self-purification of water process, so as to promote the formation of downstream alluvial flat.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to hydraulic engineering field, and in particular to a kind of manual multiple river course and is strengthened using artificial composite river
The method of water quality.
Background technology
Choke water finger because current are obstructed and caused by water level rise phenomenon.Lock, dam or bridge pier are built such as in river, or has ice
When insulting obstruction, it is responsible for choking water.And for example two confluences communicate, and when river Sheng rises, then can also cause in another korneforos and choke water.
In river physical arrangement, composite river refers to the river course for having alluvial flat.In composite river, it is different from beach
The depth of water of main stem and the degree of roughness of riverbed bottom, it have impact on water body and flow through ability, and in non-flood season, overbank
Ground and surrounding land inland water ecotone usually grow a large amount of plants, especially all kinds of water plants, above two physical factor and biology
Factor, and wet land system that is comprehensive and being formed have played important function for purifying river pollutant, lifting water quality of river.
During flood, in composite river, after alluvial flat is submerged, because main stem and beach have the different depth of water and rough
Rate, " water level-flow " relation of composite river will be different with single river channel.And when current overbank, due to major trough water
The interaction of stream and beach current, channel section discharge capacity would generally reduce.Particularly current just overbank when, due to disconnected
The mutation of face shape, different typically with main stem plus beach roughness, section regimen is complicated.
Polluted as the water bodys such as national economy rapid growth, the raising of living standards of the people, China river, river, lake, storehouse are present
Thing discharge is excessive, eutrophication, and ecological disruption seriously waits quality problem.
Existing waterway, often in variable condition, becomes the hydrology form in river course in the case where holding the flow action of shifting silt under the arm
Change, produce alluvial flat and form the problems such as slow.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the application provides a kind of manual multiple river course, and the manual multiple river course includes multiple " H " type water conservancy projects
Prefabricated component, horizontal fixture, vertical fixture, " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component include post centrum, crossbeam, horizontal pod apertures, vertical
To pod apertures, vertical pod apertures, lateral connection hole, vertical fixing hole, the horizontal fixture is laterally solid by lateral connection hole
Fixed " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component, the vertical fixture pass through the vertical fixation of vertical fixing hole " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component.
Further, the horizontal pod apertures of the water conservancy project prefabricated component are arranged at the broadside of the post centrum, for promoting
Water turbulence, turbulization, longitudinal pod apertures are arranged at the narrow edge direction of the post centrum, it is quick for dredging current
By the way that the vertical pod apertures are arranged at the middle part of the water conservancy project prefabricated component, for promoting water turbulence, turbulization.
Further, the post centrum of the water conservancy project prefabricated component includes top triangular prism, quadrangular, bottom triangular prism, the top
Portion's triangular prism and bottom triangular prism are irregular triangular prism, and are symmetrical arranged, and the top triangular prism, bottom triangular prism are just
Face is intilted triangle, and side is trapezoidal, and the top triangular prism is used to block water to choke water, the side of the top triangular prism
The rib side parallel with quadrangular is used to separate disturbance current;The bottom triangular prism is embedded in bed mud, for the fixation of post centrum,
The face that the quadrangular intersects with longitudinal pod apertures, for stopping current.
Further, the post centrum of the water conservancy project prefabricated component has four.
Further, the crossbeam of the water conservancy project prefabricated component is made up of entablature and sill, and entablature is used to block water to choke water, under
Maintain an equal level on crossbeam along after burying with bed mud.
Further, the material of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component of the composite river is diatomite material.
Further, the horizontal fixture of the composite river is rope or club.
Further, the vertical fixture of the composite river is crooked chisel or pile.
The application also proposes a kind of method for strengthening water quality using artificial composite river, comprises the following steps:
S1, selected cross section of river, manual multiple river course is set by riverbed and bank slope physical features, is formed integration and is choked water structure;
S2, river level change, and choke water structure and are effectively choked water by post centrum and crossbeam, improve water quality;
S3, river flow through the downstream that prefabricated component enters manual multiple river course, and deposition occurs for bulky grain thing in river, sinks
Water purification is dropped, promotes alluvial flat structure to be formed.
Further, the step S1 includes following sub-step:
Step S101:After selected cross section of river, connection " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component is buried successively by riverbed and bank slope physical features;
Step S102:Respectively connected in " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component transverse direction with horizontal fixture by lateral connection hole, it is vertical on
Connected with vertical fixture by vertical fixing hole, form integration and choke water structure;
Step S103:Integration chokes water structure and river course is divided into section upstream, chokes water section and section downstream.
From above technical scheme, the application has following technique effect:
(1) manual multiple river course is formed in river cross-section using " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component of diatomite material, realized
Effect manually is choked water, to change " water level-flow " relation before and after river cross section, so as to change this section of rivers current feature, profit
Lifted in quality of water environment.
(2) section is choked water by constructing, lifting section crosses water flow velocity, increase turbulent flow, promotes Dissolved Oxygen in Water to recover, accelerates
Self-purification of water process.
(3) section is choked water by constructing, after section, water flow speed reduction occurs, the solid suspension such as silt occurs in current
Deposition, one side direct purification water body, water quality is lifted, on the other hand, formed for downstream overbank and particulate matter basis is provided.
(4) water conservancy project structure of diatomite material, riverbed substrate and overbank diadactic structure are substantially distinguished from, can modularization set
Put, can also dissolve as required, recover river channel natural attribute.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to embodiment or existing in order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in manual multiple river course.
Fig. 2 is the front view of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component.
Fig. 3 is the side view of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component.
Fig. 4 is the top view of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present application
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
Only it is some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained, it should all belong to the scope of the application protection.
The specific implementation of the application is further illustrated with reference to illustrations.
The application proposes a kind of manual multiple river course 1, as shown in figure 1, the manual multiple river course 1 includes " H " type water conservancy project
Prefabricated component 11, horizontal fixture 12, vertical fixture 13, the horizontal fixture 12 are rope or club, described vertical solid
Part 13 is determined for iron fibre or pile." H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component includes post centrum 111, crossbeam 112, horizontal pod apertures 113, vertical
To pod apertures 114, vertical pod apertures 115, lateral connection hole 116, vertical fixing hole 117, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4.It is described
Horizontal fixture 12 laterally fixes " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 by lateral connection hole 116, and the vertical fixture 13, which passes through, to hang down
To vertical fixation " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 of fixing hole 117.
Specifically, the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 is arranged to H types, allows on upstream face, can hinder to a certain extent
Dash stream was by and being beneficial to water because diversion channel being present and being unlikely to manufacture the larger face that blocks water, avoided in wet season and flood
Phase is easy to be destroyed by rush of water.
As shown in figure 3, the horizontal pod apertures 113 of " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 are arranged at the width of the post centrum 111
Edge direction, for promoting water turbulence, turbulization, as shown in Fig. 2 longitudinal pod apertures 114 are arranged at the post centrum
111 narrow edge direction, it is consistent with the direction of current, for dredging current quickly through as shown in figure 4, the vertical pod apertures
115 are arranged at the middle part of the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11, for promoting water turbulence, turbulization, by " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11
Top when looking down, the water passage of " ten " font is presented, this is advantageous to turbulent water and forms turbulent flow, beneficial to water body richness naturally
The progress of the self purification processes such as oxygen.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 the post centrum 111 of the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 includes top triangular prism 1111, quadrangular
1112nd, bottom triangular prism 1113, the top triangular prism 1111 and bottom triangular prism 1113 are irregular triangular prism, and symmetrically
Set, the top triangular prism 1111, the front of bottom triangular prism 1113 be intilted triangle, side be it is trapezoidal, such as
Shown in Fig. 4, the top triangular prism 1111 is used to block water to choke water, the incline 11111 and quadrangular of the top triangular prism 1111
1112 parallel sides are used to separate disturbance current;The bottom triangular prism 1113 is embedded in bed mud, for consolidating for pyramid body 111
It is fixed, the analogy rock-steady structure for being bonded to gum of tooth so that after this water conservancy project prefabricated component is embedded in bed mud, more firmly water-fast
Stream impact;The face that the quadrangular 1112 intersects with longitudinal pod apertures 114, for stopping current.
More specifically, when specifically setting, suitable river course is selected, and determines river cross section, section part typically has certain
Thickness pureed substrate, this is easy to embedded water conservancy project prefabricated component 11, and section part should place tend at straight section, cross crook current sheet
Turbulent flow, turbulent flow and sinuous flow easily occur for body, it is not necessary to set the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11.
The post centrum 111 of the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 has four, and the crossbeam 112 of the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 is by entablature
1121 and sill 1122 form, entablature 1121 is used to block water and choke water, along maintaining an equal level with bed mud after embedded on sill 1122.Institute
The material for stating " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component is diatomite material, and in another embodiment, " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component is by diatom
Soil material, doping clay and a certain proportion of such as coal dust, the material of the certain combustion heat value of gangue tool, high-temperature baking process and
Into.
Specifically, the diatomaceous density is 1.9-2.3g/cm3, heap density 0.34-0.65g/cm3, specific surface area 40-
65m/g, pore volume 0.45-0.98m, water absorption rate are 2-4 times of own vol, 1650 DEG C -1750 DEG C of fusing point, in electron microscope
Down it is observed that special porous construction, this microcellular structure are that diatomite has the reason for feature physicochemical property.Diatomite
PH value is neutral, nontoxic, and suspendability is good, and absorption property is strong, and unit weight is light, oil absorbency 115%, and fineness is mixed in the mesh of 325 mesh~500
It is good to close uniformity.Diatomite is in generally light yellow or light grey, and matter is soft, porous and light.The unique physical arrangement of diatomite, is determined
It is in sewage disposal and the extensive use of water quality field of purification.
" H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11, along river center, to both sides bunding direction, is taken on river cross section
Continuous embedding manner successively, water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 that is adjacent and pressing close to mutually is then connected by lateral connection hole 12, or will
Loosely it is embedded in after water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 is spaced apart inside river course.
Specifically, using lateral connection hole 12 and the adjacent water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 of connection pressed close to mutually, water conservancy project can be made pre-
Product 11 is preferably fixed together, and so as to which that constructs continuous one on cross section chokes water body, this is different from one and tied
The check dam body or gate valve structure of structure, the water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 after connection, the manual multiple river course 1 of composition can ensure the knot
Structure is not easy to be destroyed by rush of water by flood;By the way of being loosely embedded in inside river course after water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 is spaced apart, this
Kind of embedding manner mainly according to river cross section bank slope gradualization suddenly, i.e., is deposited along river course Central Line to bank slope direction, riverbed bottom
In height change, it is necessary to adjust embedded prefabricated component height according to physical features, can be in because of embedded difference in height in water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 then
It is now not contour, occur certain spacing distance with each other, this can be wide according to the upstream face of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 apart from width
Degree as reference data sets multiple, to determine spacing width, or according to physical features concrete condition depending on.Being in principle can
The laying extended along physical features beneficial to water conservancy project prefabricated component 11, while the lateral connection of water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 can also be beneficial to, it is ensured that can
It is integrally connected holding firmness degree, connects adjacent preforms with rope or club through lateral connection hole 116 during connection.
More specifically, it is contemplated that flood or the wet season embedded water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 in river course cross section of constructing stop up Gao Shui
Behind position, the firmness degree of the resistance to punching of itself structure, i.e., longitudinally along previous on cross section along flow direction downstream
Each 11 sorted array arranged side by side of water conservancy project prefabricated component reconnects embedded some water conservancy project prefabricated components 11 successively, that is, multiple water conservancy projects of connecting are prefabricated
Part 11, increase its effective length, ruin ability for increasing its water resistant, avoid cross a river Large Bridge Pier etc. in flood period frequent face
Face and damaged the problems such as dangerous, and the available vertical fixture 13 such as crooked chisel or pile by vertical fixing hole 117 on vertical to
Water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 is fixed in bed mud bottom below riverbed.
Behind embedded manual multiple river course 1, in river course cross-section, form and manually choke water structures group, if shape bridge pier is stopped up
Water, but gate dam working method is differed markedly from, this is one group of semipermanent structures, it is not necessary to when, separation can be dismantled, is recovered
River channel natural attribute.
Behind embedded manual multiple river course 1, current can be divided into three parts according to " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11, be swum over to down from above
Trip is divided into section upstream, chokes water section and section downstream, and the structure for choking water section is substantially to change to construct at this
The mistake aqueous nature of cross section of river so that river cross section was presented due to the presence that " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 connects at this
Water section narrows, i.e., the situation that effective discharge section area substantially diminishes, and section updrift side stops up height because of choking channel
Water level, show as significantly crossing water flow velocity increase, upper pond level increase, water potential energy increase, therefore the increase of water flow velocity kinetic energy, water flow velocity
The benefit for dramatically increasing and bringing is to promote the self purification processes such as water reoxygenation whereby.
After current are by choking water section, for current in section downstream relative to section part is choked water, effective cross-section of river is obvious
Broaden, water velocity is then substantially slowed down because of the increase of effective cross-section of river, then it is that water flow velocity slows down to bring favourable situation
Afterwards, the suspended material such as silt in water can be promoted to be settled under section at section, so as on the one hand, remove and be suspended in water body
The particulate matters such as material, material base on the other hand is provided for tract overbank development, that is, accelerate downstream composite river oneself
So development forming process.
The application also proposes a kind of a kind of 10, method for strengthening water quality using artificial composite river, comprises the following steps:
S1, selected cross section of river, manual multiple river course 1 is set by riverbed and bank slope physical features, is formed integration and is choked water structure;
Specifically, the step S1 includes:
Step S101:After selected cross section of river, connection " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component is buried successively by riverbed and bank slope physical features
11;
Step S102:Respectively connected in the transverse direction of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 with horizontal fixture 12 by lateral connection hole 116
Connect, it is vertical on connected with vertical fixture 13 by vertical fixing hole 117, formed integration choke water structure;
Step S103:Integration chokes water structure and river course is divided into section upstream, chokes water section and section downstream.
S2, river level change, and choke water structure and are effectively choked water by post centrum 111 and crossbeam 112, improve water quality;
Specifically, when the river level changes, change for river level between low water level and flood level.
S3, river flow through the downstream that prefabricated component enters manual multiple river course, and deposition occurs for bulky grain thing in river, sinks
Water purification is dropped, promotes alluvial flat structure to be formed.
When river level changes between low water level and flood level, manual multiple river course 1 passes through post centrum 111 and crossbeam
112 play and effectively choke water effect, have reached the purpose of effective cross-section of river of narrowed section part, and due to manual multiple river course
1, that is, the presence of structures is choked water, section upper pond level substantially stops up height, and water potential energy lifting, river is quickly through longitudinal pod apertures
114, while potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when passing through, and because turbulent flow occurs for the presence of horizontal pod apertures 113 and vertical pod apertures 117
And turbulent phenomenon, water disturbance is violent, the amount of oxygen increase dissolved from air, improves oxidative self-purification ability, this process disappears
Consume more water kinetic energy.The current for flowing through " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component 11 enter section downstream river course, herein with respect to section part,
River course broadens, and flow velocity slows down, and the large particulate matter such as suspension and silt tends to settle in water, and heap occurs at a certain distance from downstream
Water purification is realized in product, the sedimentation of one side particulate matter coalescence, on the other hand, promotes bank alluvial flat structure to be formed, and is accelerated natural compound
The growth course in river course.So complete the overall process for choking water lifting water quality.
Although having been described for the preferred embodiment of the application, those skilled in the art once know basic creation
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So appended claims be intended to be construed to include it is excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the application scope.Obviously, those skilled in the art can be to the application
Various changes and modification are carried out without departing from spirit and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the application
Belong within the scope of the application claim and its equivalent technologies, then the application is also intended to exist comprising these changes and modification
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of manual multiple river course, it is characterised in that the manual multiple river course includes multiple " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated components, transverse direction
Fixture, vertical fixture, " H " the type water conservancy project prefabricated component include post centrum, crossbeam, horizontal pod apertures, longitudinal pod apertures, hang down
To pod apertures, lateral connection hole, vertical fixing hole, the horizontal fixture passes through laterally fixed " H " the type water conservancy project of lateral connection hole
Prefabricated component, the vertical fixture pass through the vertical fixation of vertical fixing hole " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component;
The horizontal pod apertures of the water conservancy project prefabricated component are arranged at the broadside of the post centrum, for promote water turbulence,
Turbulization, longitudinal pod apertures are arranged at the narrow edge direction of the post centrum, for dredging current quickly through described vertical
Pod apertures are arranged at the middle part of the water conservancy project prefabricated component, for promoting water turbulence, turbulization;
The post centrum of the water conservancy project prefabricated component includes top triangular prism, quadrangular, bottom triangular prism, the top triangular prism and bottom
Portion's triangular prism is irregular triangular prism, and is symmetrical arranged, and the top triangular prism, the front of bottom triangular prism are inward slant
Triangle, side is trapezoidal, and the top triangular prism is used to block water to choke water, and the incline of the top triangular prism is put down with quadrangular
Capable side is used to separate disturbance current;The bottom triangular prism is embedded in bed mud, for the fixation of post centrum, the quadrangular with
The intersecting face of longitudinal pod apertures, for stopping current;
The crossbeam of the water conservancy project prefabricated component is made up of entablature and sill, and entablature is used to block water to choke water, and edge is buried on sill
If maintain an equal level afterwards with bed mud;
The material of " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component of the composite river is diatomite material, and diatomaceous fineness is in 325 mesh~500
Mesh, mixing uniformity are good.
2. manual multiple river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the post centrum of the water conservancy project prefabricated component has four.
3. manual multiple river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal fixture of the composite river is rope
Or club.
4. manual multiple river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the vertical fixture of the composite river is crooked chisel
Or pile.
5. a kind of method for strengthening water quality using artificial composite river, uses the manual multiple as described in one of claim 1-4
River course, comprise the following steps:
S1, selected cross section of river, manual multiple river course is set by riverbed and bank slope physical features, is formed integration and is choked water structure;
S2, river level change, and choke water structure and are effectively choked water by post centrum and crossbeam, improve water quality;
S3, river flow through the downstream that prefabricated component enters manual multiple river course, and deposition occurs for bulky grain thing in river, and sedimentation is net
Water, alluvial flat structure is promoted to be formed.
6. as claimed in claim 5 using the method for artificial composite river enhancing water quality, it is characterised in that the step S1 bags
Include following sub-step:
Step S101:After selected cross section of river, connection " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component is buried successively by riverbed and bank slope physical features;
Step S102:Respectively connected in " H " type water conservancy project prefabricated component transverse direction with horizontal fixture by lateral connection hole, it is vertical upper with vertical
Connected to fixture by vertical fixing hole, form integration and choke water structure;
Step S103:Integration chokes water structure and river course is divided into section upstream, chokes water section and section downstream.
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CN201610100904.0A CN105568924B (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2016-02-24 | A kind of manual multiple river course and the method using artificial composite river enhancing water quality |
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CN201610100904.0A CN105568924B (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2016-02-24 | A kind of manual multiple river course and the method using artificial composite river enhancing water quality |
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CN105568924B true CN105568924B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN2161639Y (en) * | 1993-03-13 | 1994-04-13 | 施士力 | Breakwater block for protecting bank |
JP3103814B2 (en) * | 1994-05-23 | 2000-10-30 | 株式会社大林組 | Blocks for subsea facilities |
CN1296565C (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2007-01-24 | 陈法根 | Frame mount type combined dam |
CN1318702C (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2007-05-30 | 上海交通大学 | Installation for trapping sediment from riverbed and seabed promoting siltation and erosion protection |
CN102182160A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Ecological spur dike of fish nest |
CN203452048U (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-02-26 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Riverway water clearing system |
CN205530108U (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-08-31 | 东北师范大学 | Artifical composite river |
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