CN105568076A - High-purity AlSi14A alloy and preparation technique thereof - Google Patents

High-purity AlSi14A alloy and preparation technique thereof Download PDF

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CN105568076A
CN105568076A CN201510996227.0A CN201510996227A CN105568076A CN 105568076 A CN105568076 A CN 105568076A CN 201510996227 A CN201510996227 A CN 201510996227A CN 105568076 A CN105568076 A CN 105568076A
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purity
industrial silicon
alsi14a
alloy
refining
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CN105568076B (en
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陈艳玲
冯伟
何国重
黄东拓
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Shihezi Zhonghe New Material Co.,Ltd.
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Xinjiang Joinworld Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation technique of high-purity AlSi14A alloy. Raw materials are composed of 4N pure aluminum ingots, 4N pure aluminum liquid and industrial silicon. The preparation technique comprises the steps that firstly, 60% of the 4N pure aluminum ingots are added in proportion, heated and melted; then the industrial silicon is laid on the surface of aluminum melt; after the silicon is completely melted, 40% of the 4N pure aluminum liquid is laid on the surface of the industrial silicon, and the effect that the industrial silicon is sufficiently melted is guaranteed; then sufficient stirring is conducted; after sufficient stirring is conducted, a refining agent is added, refining is conducted when the temperature is controlled to be 710-730 DEG C, after refining is finished, molten slag on the surface is cleaned away, and standing is conducted; and refining alloy liquid is cast. By the adoption of the preparation technique, a traditional raw material adding mode is changed, a part of the 4N pure aluminum ingots are firstly added, heated and melted in the raw material adding process, and after the temperature of the melt reaches 800 DEG C, the industrial silicon is laid on the surface of aluminum melt; then another part of the 4N pure aluminum liquid is laid on the surface of the industrial silicon, the effect that the industrial silicon is sufficiently melted is guaranteed, and the uniformity of Si is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of high-purity AlSi14A alloy and preparation technology thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-purity AlSi14A alloy and preparation technology thereof, belong to aluminum alloy materials field.
Background technology
Aluminum silicon alloy is a kind of with aluminium, silicon be principal constituent forging and casting alloy.Add a small amount of copper simultaneously, iron, nickel can improve intensity, when silicone content is lower, the ductility of aluminum silicon alloy is better, is commonly used to do wrought aluminium alloy; When silicone content is higher (such as 7%), the fillibility of Al-Si alloy melt is better, is commonly used to do casting alloy.In the aluminum silicon alloy of silicon content more than Al-Si eutectic point (Si12.6%), when silicon grain content is up to 14.5%-25%, then adds the elements such as a certain amount of Ni, Cu, Mg and can improve its over-all properties.
Si content be 12.5% Al-Si alloy produce when being cooled to certain temperature two component eutectic reaction.Primary silicon in the Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy tissue of Si content >=12.5% is thick polygonal bulk or lath-shaped, and alloy strength is low, plasticity is poor.But adopt that certain technique goes bad to its tissue, refinement, primary silicon and Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys can be made to change becomes a lot of Hard Inclusion that soft matrix is dispersed with, and significantly improves the wear resistance of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy.Simultaneously with eutectic Al-Si alloy phase ratio, Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy also has that thermal expansivity is little, density is little, the characteristic of good corrosion resistance, at present as the starting material producing piston, is widely used in the piston production of automobile, motorcycle.
In the past, general use is hypereutectic all adopts the homemade mode of production with producer that is hypoeutectic Al-Si aluminum alloy ingot, but along with more and more higher to the requirement of material property, highly purified Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy advantage is more and more outstanding.Therefore, develop high-purity Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy ingot, extremely urgent.
The production technology scheme of traditional AlSi alloy: 1, by the oven door opening of molten guarantor's stove, industrial silicon is added in stove, send Sweet natural gas to toast, storing temperature controls at 690-720 DEG C, and baking time is not less than 30 minutes; 2, industrial silicon to toast first to required general aluminium and crucible ingot fed to boiler after 30 minutes by customer requirement composition, then adds aluminum bronze, manganese master alloy according to client's composition requirements.3, after various alloying element material enters stove, be warmed up to 780-820 DEG C of insulation 2 hours, then add a certain amount of cooling ingot, then stir aluminium liquid 10-20 minute, material is melted completely.In stove, temperature of aluminum liquid controls between 710 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C.4, add a certain amount of cooling aluminium before refining, then add Al-Sr master alloy, refining temperature controls at 710 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C.5, in fining pot, add the refining agent of melt weight 0.3%-0.5%, refining agent will ensure drying, and keep away from moisture caking.Use injection refining machine to carry out injection refining, the end of refining pipe will be inserted into furnace bottom, is refined to every nook and cranny, does not stay dead angle.The shortcoming that this technical scheme exists is mainly because the addition manner of industrial silicon causes Si element to fail to melt in the molten aluminium of comparatively high temps, comparatively large on the interior tissue impact of subsequent product, thus can not meet customer requirement.
The series of patents such as patent " a kind of rare-earth elements of lanthanum alloying aluminum silicon alloy and preparation method " (CN201310357494.4), " a kind of Rare Earth Elements of Praseodymium alloying aluminum silicon alloy and preparation method " (CN201310357779.8), " a kind of Rare earth element ytterbium alloying aluminum silicon alloy and preparation method " (CN103469026A), " a kind of Samarium Nitrate alloying aluminum silicon alloy and preparation method " (CN103451489A), has mainly set forth in the aluminum silicon alloy of si content 9.0-13.5% the method for adding a certain amount of various rare earth element and preparing alloy.Because alloy product of the present invention belongs to high-purity AlSi alloy series, require higher to impurity element especially Fe element content range, therefore the component content of alloy described in these series of patents inapplicable high-purity AlSi alloy.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes an existing difficult problem, provides that a kind of silicone content is higher, eutectic temperature is lower;
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation technology of above-mentioned welding al-si eutectic alloy bar.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of high-purity AlSi14A alloy, si content is 13-15wt%, and impurity content is as follows:
Fe≤0.05wt%、Mg≤0.1wt%、Cu≤0.04wt%、Mn≤0.1wt%、Zn≤0.07wt%。
The preparation technology of above-mentioned high-purity AlSi14A alloy, adopts raw material to comprise: 4N refined aluminium ingot, 4N fine aluminum liquid, 2202 industrial silicons.
Preferably, the quality of described 4N refined aluminium ingot meets GB/T1196-2008 standard-required.
Preferably, described 2202 industrial silicons, quality meets GB/T2881-2014 standard-required.
Preferably, the preparation technology of above-mentioned high-purity AlSi14A alloy, comprises the steps:
1) raw material is added
Raw material is made up of 4N refined aluminium ingot and 4N fine aluminum liquid and industrial silicon, first add the 4N refined aluminium ingot of 60% in proportion, heat up fusing, again industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface, after silicon fusing completely, the 4N fine aluminum liquid adding 40% is again bedded in industrial silicon surface, ensures the abundant fusing of industrial silicon, then stirs fully;
2) refining
After abundant stirring, add refining agent, control temperature carries out refining at 710-730 DEG C, removes totally after refining by surperficial slag, leaves standstill;
3) pouring
By step 2) refined alloy liquid cast.
Preferably, in described step 1), when molten aluminium temperature rises to 800 DEG C, add industrial silicon again;
Preferably, described industrial silicon is massive industrial silicon roasted in advance;
Preferred further, use fork truck that roasted massive industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface;
Preferred further, take off with slag and industrial silicon is paved, guarantee that industrial silicon is not oxidized.
Preferably, in described step 1), the refine on line equipment of degassing efficiency more than 50% is adopted to carry out refining;
Preferred further, refining agent consumption is 3-5 ‰, and refining time is no less than 30min.
Preferably, in described step 1), the filter of specification >=40ppi is adopted to remove totally by surperficial slag; Preferably, more than 30min is left standstill.
Preferably, described step 2) in, whole casting cycle ensures pouring temperature 650-680 DEG C.
Preferably, described step 2) in, adopt the casting of 6kg pig moulding machine
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The silicone content of the present invention high-purity AlSi14A alloy product is higher, and eutectic temperature is lower is 577 DEG C, and product chemical composition meets customer requirement (within Impurity Fe content is strict controlled in 500ppm, and the having good uniformity of Si element).
Preparation technology of the present invention changes traditional raw material addition manner, in raw material adding procedure, first add a part of 4N refined aluminium ingot, heat up fusing, when melt temperature reaches 800 DEG C, again industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface, add a part of 4N fine aluminum liquid again and be bedded in industrial silicon surface, ensure the abundant fusing of industrial silicon, ensure the homogeneity of Si element.Wherein, when melt temperature reaches 800 DEG C, add industrial silicon again, make industrial silicon obtain pyroprocessing, ensure the interior tissue of product.Because Si constituent content is higher, very easily segregation, this technique suitably reduces teeming temperature, and control pouring temperature is 650-680 DEG C.Further, this technique adopts the casting of 6kg pig moulding machine, can reduce the segregation of Si element, ensures the homogeneity of Si element.
Preparation technology of the present invention adopts 4N refined aluminium ingot and fine aluminum liquid to do raw material, and 2202 industrial silicons adopting purity higher, guarantee that final alloy ingot product F e content controls below 0.05%.
Little (the 2.3g/cm of density due to Si 3), less than the density of aluminium.If addition manner method is improper, easily cause Si to float, cause finished silicon to contain quantity not sufficient.In order to solve the problem that element silicon adds, in the middle of adding procedure, first add a part of 4N refined aluminium ingot, heat up fusing, re-uses fork truck and roasted industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface, and take off with slag industrial silicon is paved when melt temperature reaches 800 DEG C.Guarantee that industrial silicon is not oxidized, after silicon fusing completely (aluminium liquid surface is without block), then add a part of 4N fine aluminum liquid and be bedded in industrial silicon surface, the abundant fusing of guarantee industrial silicon.Subsequently through checking, use this method that silicon loss amount can be made lower than 0.2%.
In order to further illustrate essence of the present invention, inventors performed following test.
One, in carrying out two heat small-scale tests with intermediate frequency furnace, drafting technical data, adjusting component, determining the area requirement of Fe content in refined aluminium raw material used and industrial silicon according to the content of Fe element in product, and verifying the homogeneity of Si element in product.Conclusion: in intermediate frequency furnace small-scale test product, Fe element meets customer requirement, and Si element uniformity is better.
Two, large heat production line test, examination casting three heat, chemical composition and product appearance all meet the requirements of the customers, and successfully sell 20.158t.Conclusion: client feedback Si element uniformity is bad, extracting lot number according to client feedback result is two pieces of ingots in S54002 and S54003, the homogeneity of checking AlSi14 alloy Si, and the result is as table 1:
Table 1
As seen from the above table, in AlSi14 alloy finished product, Si content is uneven, and deviation is larger.
Three, in order to reduce the segregation of Si element, improve the homogeneity of Si element, optimize the addition manner of industrial silicon, ensure temperature of fusion and fusing time, strict control fusion process, adds strong mixing, and appropriateness reduces teeming temperature (650-680 DEG C), then with the local homogeneity of intermediate frequency furnace checking AlSi14 alloy, the result is as table 2:
Table 2
The deviation of product local Si element is less as seen from the above table, all within 1%, meets the demands.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
First by 3.076 tons of 4N refined aluminium ingot uniform spreadings at furnace bottom, heat up fusing, when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 760 DEG C, adds 2202 industrial silicons after 0.87 ton of preheating, make its uniform spreading on aluminium liquid surface, after silicon melts completely, add 2.051 tons of 4N fine aluminum liquids again, stir 15 minutes, control refining temperature between 710-730 DEG C, refining agent consumption is 5 ‰, refining time 35 minutes, after refining, aluminium liquid surface slag removes totally, leaves standstill sampling in 20 minutes.Aluminium alloy composition meets the demands, and in-furnace temperature controls at about 730 DEG C, adopts 6kg pig moulding machine to cast; After blow-on eye, aluminium liquid carries out degasification slagging-off through refine on line and filter plant, after testing after online degasification molten aluminium hydrogen content lower than 0.12(mL/100gAl), degassing efficiency reaches 55%, and filter specification is 50ppi; In whole castingprocesses, pouring temperature controls at 680-700 DEG C; Ensure in casting cycle that coolant water temperature is at 25-35 DEG C; And will carry out playing skin process to ingot casting surface, prevent inside ingot from there is oxide inclusion, ensure inside ingot and visual appearance.Final production goes out high-purity AlSi14 alloy of about 6kg, and get sample in kind and detect its composition, result is as shown in the table:
Embodiment 2:
First by 4.206 tons of 4N refined aluminium ingot uniform spreadings at furnace bottom, heat up fusing, when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 800 DEG C, adds 2202 industrial silicons after 1.18 tons of preheatings, make its uniform spreading on aluminium liquid surface, after silicon melts completely, add 2.805 tons of 4N fine aluminum liquids again, stir 15 minutes, control refining temperature between 710-730 DEG C, refining agent consumption is 5 ‰, refining time 35 minutes, after refining, aluminium liquid surface slag removes totally, leaves standstill sampling in 20 minutes.Aluminium alloy composition meets the demands, and in-furnace temperature controls at about 730 DEG C, adopts 6kg pig moulding machine to cast; After blow-on eye, aluminium liquid carries out degasification slagging-off through refine on line and filter plant, after testing after online degasification molten aluminium hydrogen content lower than 0.12(mL/100gAl), degassing efficiency reaches 55%, and filter specification is 50ppi; In whole castingprocesses, pouring temperature controls at 680-700 DEG C; Ensure in casting cycle that coolant water temperature is at 25-35 DEG C; And will carry out playing skin process to ingot casting surface, prevent inside ingot from there is oxide inclusion, ensure inside ingot and visual appearance.Final production goes out high-purity AlSi14 alloy of about 6kg, and get sample in kind and detect its composition, result is as shown in the table:
Embodiment 3:
First by 4.147 tons of 4N refined aluminium ingot uniform spreadings at furnace bottom, heat up fusing, when temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 800 DEG C, adds 2202 industrial silicons after 1.16 tons of preheatings, make its uniform spreading on aluminium liquid surface, after silicon melts completely, add 2.765 tons of 4N fine aluminum liquids again, stir 15 minutes, control refining temperature between 710-730 DEG C, refining agent consumption is 5 ‰, refining time 35 minutes, after refining, aluminium liquid surface slag removes totally, leaves standstill sampling in 20 minutes.Aluminium alloy composition meets the demands, and in-furnace temperature controls at about 725 DEG C, adopts 6kg pig moulding machine to cast; After blow-on eye, aluminium liquid carries out degasification slagging-off through refine on line and filter plant, after testing after online degasification molten aluminium hydrogen content lower than 0.12(mL/100gAl), degassing efficiency reaches 55%, and filter specification is 50ppi; In whole castingprocesses, pouring temperature controls at 650-680 DEG C; Ensure in casting cycle that coolant water temperature is at 25-35 DEG C; And will carry out playing skin process to ingot casting surface, prevent inside ingot from there is oxide inclusion, ensure inside ingot and visual appearance.Final production goes out high-purity AlSi14 alloy of about 6kg, and get sample in kind and detect its composition, result is as shown in the table:
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are only described in upper, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a high-purity AlSi14A alloy, is characterized in that: si content is 13-15wt%, and impurity content is as follows:
Fe≤0.05wt%、Mg≤0.1wt%、Cu≤0.04wt%、Mn≤0.1wt%、Zn≤0.07wt%。
2. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt raw material to comprise: 4N refined aluminium ingot, 4N fine aluminum liquid, 2202 industrial silicons.
3. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the quality of described 4N refined aluminium ingot meets GB/T1196-2008 standard-required.
4. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described 2202 industrial silicons, quality meets GB/T2881-2014 standard-required.
5. the preparation technology of the high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to any one of claim 2-4, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) raw material is added
Raw material is made up of 4N refined aluminium ingot and 4N fine aluminum liquid and industrial silicon, first add the 4N refined aluminium ingot of 60% in proportion, heat up fusing, again industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface, after silicon fusing completely, the 4N fine aluminum liquid adding 40% is again bedded in industrial silicon surface, ensures the abundant fusing of industrial silicon, then stirs fully;
2) refining
After abundant stirring, add refining agent, control temperature carries out refining at 710-730 DEG C, removes totally after refining by surperficial slag, leaves standstill;
3) pouring
By step 2) refined alloy liquid cast.
6. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 1), adds industrial silicon again when molten aluminium temperature rises to 800 DEG C;
Preferably, described industrial silicon is massive industrial silicon roasted in advance;
Preferred further, use fork truck that roasted massive industrial silicon is layered on aluminium melt surface;
Preferred further, take off with slag and industrial silicon is paved, guarantee that industrial silicon is not oxidized.
7. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 1), adopts the refine on line equipment of degassing efficiency more than 50% to carry out refining;
And/or refining agent consumption is 3-5 ‰, and refining time is no less than 30min.
8. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 1), adopts the filter of specification >=40ppi to remove totally by surperficial slag;
Preferably, more than 30min is left standstill.
9. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described step 2) in, whole casting cycle ensures pouring temperature 650-680 DEG C.
10. the preparation technology of high-purity AlSi14A alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described step 2) in, adopt the casting of 6kg pig moulding machine.
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Cited By (1)

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CN116555640A (en) * 2023-05-08 2023-08-08 浙江永杰铝业有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum alloy strip and aluminum alloy strip

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