CN105564595A

CN105564595A - Intelligent device accurately determining ship anchor dragging

Info

Publication number: CN105564595A
Application number: CN201410540921.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘鑫
Original assignee: Weihai Tuoda Gaoke Ship Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weihai Tuoda Gaoke Ship Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-10-14
Filing date: 2014-10-14
Publication date: 2016-05-11

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent device accurately determining ship anchor dragging; the intelligent device can combine various determination methods so as to provide reference and basis for determining ship anchor dragging, thus preventing anchor dragging in advance, and navigation personnel can timely take corresponding measures to control anchor dragging, thus ensuring ship anchoring safety.

Description

A kind of intelligent apparatus of accurate judgement Dragging

Technical field

The present invention relates to Ship Anchoring security fields, be specifically related to a kind of intelligent apparatus of accurate judgement Dragging.

Background technology

Ship Anchoring safety is the problem of numerous floating staff research always, and the accident that numerous anchored vessel causes because of Dragging accounts for the overwhelming majority.Therefore, study and a kind ofly can judge that the method whether this ship drags of anchor is particularly important as early as possible and exactly.When the anchoring waters anchored vessel density residing for anchored vessel is little, holding ground good, anchoring waters wind, wave, stream, condition are good, when anchoring attendant fulfils the duty, we can judge by general determination methods whether boats and ships drag of anchor, even if danger such as judging in other words to have dragged of anchor incurs loss through delay or inaccurately be also unlikely to hit a submerged reef soon, stranded, collisions.But, when waters wind residing for anchored vessel, wave, stream inclement condition, holding ground are bad, when hindering the disavantage such as anchor thing is numerous, anchored vessel density is large, then need anchoring attendant as early as possible and judge whether boats and ships drag of anchor accurately, then the risk of anchored vessel will reduce a lot.For the condition that current general boats and ships can realize, the method that the judgement introducing some routines drags of anchor and boats and ships large in anchored vessel density, anchoring waters is limited and distinguished and admirable condition is unfavorable wait harsh conditions under accurately judge the method for Dragging.

Summary of the invention

In order to make up the deficiency of above technology, the invention provides a kind of intelligent apparatus of accurate judgement Dragging.Feature of the present invention is comprehensively concluded together multiple determination methods, and for judging to drag of anchor and provide reference and foundation, thus prevent the generation that drags of anchor in advance, so that floating staff takes appropriate measures in time, control drags of anchor, and guarantees Ship Anchoring safety.

Monitoring anchor position, judge whether this ship drags of anchor, it is one of groundwork of each anchored vessel value anchoring class chaufeur, cause because this ship drags of anchor hit a submerged reef, the accident such as stranded, collision is too numerous to enumerate, study a kind of can accurately judge Dragging simple, feasible method is extremely urgent, this is the important topic that floating staff studies always.Especially large in anchored vessel density, anchoring waters is limited, anchoring waters wind, stream, wave, inclement condition, under the disavantage of the bad grade of holding ground, accurately judges whether this ship drags of anchor particularly important.

One, anchor position and dragging of anchor

1, anchor position

After anchorage regardless, anchor is in fixed position, seabed, usual anchor position and accommodation have certain range difference, when open, the anchored vessel density in waters is little when anchoring, distance between anchored vessel is greater than the length sum of this ship captain and pay out cables, can ignore the range difference between accommodation and anchor position.

2, drag of anchor

Dragging refers to that the grip of anchor is inadequate, and anchor has movement in the position in seabed, and the summation being subject to the External Force Actings such as wind, stream, wave when boats and ships is greater than the grip that anchor and anchor chain produce, and anchor will move in seabed, and the position of boats and ships is also moved thereupon.Along with distinguished and admirable effect traction anchor and anchor chain move in seabed.Because being connected by anchor chain between boats and ships with anchor, the position even without the boats and ships that drag of anchor also can have some to move along with the effect of wind, stream, therefore whether can not have movement by observing this ship position completely, judges whether boats and ships drag of anchor.

The determination methods that the present invention comprises and selection gist as follows:

1, anchor chain determining method is observed.

If wind, stream, wave act on very little when anchor position is normal, anchor chain generally can be basically perpendicular to sea, if when wind, stream, wave act on larger, How is chain leading Ying Yufeng, stream, unrestrained combined action direction are anti-, and the angle of anchor chain and the water surface also changes, little when time is large, that is the painstaking degree of anchor chain is all different at any time, and anchor chain can be shaken up and down.When dragging of anchor, anchor chain lasting stressed comparatively large, anchor chain shake is less, and the variable angle of anchor chain and the water surface is little, and hull has vibrations.

2, observation anchoring stem walking direction method

If distinguished and admirable wave effect is very little when anchor position is normal, then bow left and right yawing angle is very little, if when distinguished and admirable wave effect is larger, then the left and right yawing angle of bow strengthens, and bow to change just substantially meeting, cosine function rule.

The yawing angle of then bow of dragging of anchor can be very little, even do not have yawing, and anchored vessel has lasting astern speed.

3, anchored vessel accommodation determining method is utilized

When anchor position is normal, when wind, stream, wave act on very little, the change of anchored vessel accommodation is very little, does not even change.When wind, stream, wave act on larger, the accommodation change of anchored vessel is regular, basic in (" ") horizontal splayed configuration.When dragging of anchor, then now accommodation Changing Pattern basic Cheng “ ∣ " linear pattern or total trend changes towards wind, stream, wave and force direction.Accommodation Changing Pattern is in " S " type.COG and the SOG determining method utilizing GPS to provide.

COG and the SOG data utilizing anchored vessel GPS to provide can judge whether anchored vessel drags of anchor.

When anchor position is normal, when wind, stream, wave effect are less, change can be very little, equally can be very little or equal zero, generally can not more than 0,1kn.When wind, stream, wave act on larger, data can ceaselessly change and generally not have rule, but can be different along with the severe degree of boats and ships yawing, and numerical values recited is also inconsistent.As Dragging, then data can be basically stable at one among a small circle in and more stable equally.

4, thing target azimuth-range determining method is on the bank measured

When anchor position is normal shipboard measurement on the bank same thing target azimuth-range should change very little because this ship actual position wind-engaging, stream impact change little.Certainly require that thing mark is relative with the distance of ship larger and can not use the thing mark on bow stern direction.Preferably select with boats and ships beam near thing mark or select two thing marks simultaneously.During Dragging, ship records thing target orientation and can continue to become large

Or continue to diminish, and boats and ships and thing target distance also can continue become large or diminish thereupon.

5, conventional warning circle determining method is set

When anchor position is normal, accommodation should take anchor position as the center of circle, chain scope and captain's and be radius round watch circle in, then likely drag of anchor as accommodation exceeds watch circle.Usual accommodation here refers to that the position that Ship GPS receiver obtains, anchor position refer to the GPS accommodation in this moment of casting anchor.

6, accurately judge to walk anchor method (arrange and accurately guard against circle)

When spacing that is large when anchored vessel density, anchored vessel is very little, anchoring waters wind, stream, wave affect comparatively greatly, holding ground is bad, above conventional approach judges whether anchored vessel drags of anchor and has a lot of limitation, especially, when the residue grip of anchor chain almost stretching anchor and anchor chain of acting as a planted agent is little, be difficult to conclude whether boats and ships drag of anchor.

How research judges whether anchored vessel drags of anchor, and for different situations, gives the determination methods of some routines and the determination methods of the accurate warning circle of setting, can be used for floating staff proper use of.

When using accurate warning circle method to monitor anchor position in navigation practice, when the accommodation of anchored vessel is close to the measure must taking as early as possible during the round circumferential edges of warning to control to drag of anchor, another anchor etc. is thrown as standby car adds, and utilize the accommodation after taking measure of control and chain scope, reset warning circle monitoring anchor position, to ensure safety.

Claims

1. the invention provides a kind of intelligent apparatus of accurate judgement Dragging, feature of the present invention is comprehensively concluded together multiple determination methods.

2. specifically comprise: (1) observe anchor chain determining method; (2) observation anchoring stem walking direction method; (3) utilize anchored vessel accommodation determining method; (4) measure thing target azimuth-range determining method on the bank; (5) conventional warning circle determining method is set.