CN105561007A - 一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成为:看麦娘、芦竹沥、衰草、水龙骨、蛇含、鹿茸草、小火草、青天葵、瓦韦、芒萁骨、野菊花、九仙草、白酒草、密马、遍地金和惊风草;本发明中药制剂配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热利湿、活血通络、润肺止咳、止泻、凉血止血、清热利尿、止痛等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于治疗小儿流行性感冒引起的鼻屎多、腰背痛、身痛、腹痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、疲劳、咽痛等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备,可广泛应用于小儿流行性感冒的临床治疗。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂及制备方法。
背景技术
流行性感冒简称流感,是流行性感冒病毒引起的常见急性呼吸道传染病,传播力强,常呈地方性流行,当人群对新的流感病毒变异株尚缺乏免疫力时,可酿成世界性大流行,其特点为突然发生与迅速传播,1918-1919年曾发生极广泛的世界性大流行,引致2000万人死亡。流感主要临床表现为突发高热、头痛、全身酸痛、乏力及呼吸道炎症,咳嗽、咽痛等。婴幼儿和老人易并发肺部感染,防治工作不容忽视。
小儿患流感时其临床症状常因年龄不同而各具特点,年长儿症状与成人相似,多表现为普通感冒型,起病急骤,有高热、畏寒、头痛、背痛、四肢酸痛、疲乏等,不久即出现咽痛、干咳、流鼻涕、眼结膜充血、流泪,以及局部淋巴结肿大,肺部可出现粗啰音,偶诉腹痛、腹泻、腹胀等消化道表现。在婴幼儿则临床表现与其他呼吸道病毒感染相似,不易区分,炎症涉及上呼吸道、喉部、气管、支气管、毛细支气管及肺部,病情较严重,患儿常突发高热,伴全身中毒症状及流清鼻涕,常伴呕吐、腹泻等,偶见皮疹及鼻出血,体温波动于38-41℃,可有高热惊厥。幼小婴儿可有严重的喉、气管、支气管炎伴黏稠痰液,甚至发生呼吸道梗阻现象。新生儿患者往往出现嗜睡,拒食及呼吸暂停,甚至需用人工呼吸器治疗。
小儿流行性感冒的治疗方法主要分为药物治疗,但目前治疗小儿流行性感冒的药物主要是西药,长期服用会导致小儿免疫功能减退,致使病情反复难愈。为此,我们急需研制一种药物来帮助儿童摆脱小儿流行性感冒带来的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂及制备方法;本发明中药制剂配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热利湿、活血通络、润肺止咳、止泻、凉血止血、清热利尿、止痛、解毒等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于治疗小儿流行性感冒引起的鼻屎多、腰背痛、身痛、腹痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、疲劳、咽痛等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备,可广泛应用于小儿流行性感冒的临床治。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将看麦娘、蓑草、水龙骨、蛇含、鹿茸草、小火草、青天葵、瓦韦、九仙草、白酒草、密马、遍地金和惊风草混匀后加入8倍量的水,提取2-3小时,过滤,取药液;在剩余的残渣中再加入6倍量的水,提取1-2小时,过滤,取药液;合并两次药液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度1.10-1.15的稠膏,减压干燥;
(2)将芦竹沥用开水冲开,滤过,得滤液备用;
(3)将芒萁骨洗净晒干,研末,过200目细粉,备用;
(4)将野菊花全草绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的稠膏、滤液、细粉和汁液混合,制成中药颗粒,即为本发明所述的用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
看麦娘:味淡,性凉。清热利湿,止泻,解毒。主水肿,水痘,泄泻,黄疸型肝炎,赤眼,毒蛇咬伤。
芦竹沥:味苦,性寒。清热镇惊。主小儿高热惊风。《重庆草药》载:“治小儿高烧惊风。”
衰草:味甘、淡,性凉。清热解毒,凉血散瘀。主感冒,小儿肺炎,肺痨咯血,衄血,尿血,经行不畅,热淋,乳腺炎,荨麻疹,外伤出血。
水龙骨:味苦,性凉;归心、肝、肺经。清热利湿,活血通络。主痧小便淋浊,泄泻,风湿痹痛,跌打损伤。《新疆中草药手册》载:“清热解毒,平肝明目。治尿路感染,肠炎,小儿高热惊风。”
蛇含:味苦,性寒;归肝、肺经。清热定惊,截疟,止咳化痰,解毒活血。主高热惊风,疟疾,肺热咳嗽,百晶咳,痢疾,疮疖肿毒,咽喉肿痛,风火牙痛,带状疱疹,目赤肿痛,虫蛇咬伤,风湿麻木,跌打损伤,月经不调,外伤出血。
鹿茸草:味苦、涩,性凉。清热解毒,祛风止痛,凉血止血。主感冒,咳嗽,肺炎发热,小儿鹅口疮,牙痛,风湿骨痛,疮疖痈肿,月经不调,崩漏,赤白带下,便血,叶血,外伤出血。《浙江民间常用草药》载:“治小儿高热惊凤,咳嗽,吐血,水泻。”
小火草:味甘、淡,性平。清肝明目,驱虫消积,解毒生肌。主角膜云翳,小儿腹泻,蛔虫病,感冒,咳嗽,疮疡久不收口。
青天葵:味甘,性凉。润肺止咳,清热解毒,散瘀止痛。主肺痨咯血,肺热咳嗽,口腔炎,咽喉肿痛,瘰疬,疮疡肿毒,跌打损伤。《南宁市药物志》载:“润肺止咳,解热清心。治肺痨,并解煤毒。”
瓦韦:味寒,性苦;归肺、小肠经。清热解毒,利尿通淋,止血。主小儿高热,惊风,咽喉肿痛,痈肿疮疡,毒蛇咬伤,小便淋沥涩痛,尿血,咳嗽咳血。《浙江民间草药》载:“止咳嗽吐血。”现代医学研究证实,对金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌及福氏痢疾杆菌均有抑制作用。
芒萁骨:味苦、涩,性凉;归肝、膀胱经。化瘀止血,清热利尿,解毒消肿。主妇女血崩,跌打损伤,热淋涩痛,白带,小儿腹泻,痔瘘,目赤肿痛,外伤出血,烫火伤,毒虫咬伤。《福建民间草药》载:“活瘀止血,利尿解热。”
野菊花:味苦、辛,性平;归肺、肝经。清热解毒,疏风平肝。主疔疮,痈疽,丹毒,湿疹,皮炎,风热感冒,咽喉肿痛,高血压病。《山西中药志》载:“疏风热,清头目,降火解毒。治诸风眩晕,头痛,目赤,肿毒。”现代医学研究证实,野菊花具有抗病原微生物作用。
九仙草:味辛、微苦,性凉;归肺、肝、脾经。解表清热,祛风止痉。主感冒,中暑,小儿肺炎,惊风。《云南中草药选》载:“解表,清热。治感冒,中暑,支气管炎。”
白酒草:味苦、辛,性寒。清热止痛,祛风化痰。主肋膜炎,肺炎,咽喉肿痛,小儿惊风。
密马:味甘,性平;归心、肝经。散寒除湿。主感冒发热,肌肉酸痛。
遍地金:味寒、苦,性涩;归大肠经。清热解毒,止泻。主小儿白口疮,小儿肺炎,口腔炎,乳痛,黄水疮,毒蛇咬伤,腹泻,久痢。《云南中草药》载:“收敛止泻,解毒。治久痢,久泻。”
惊风草:味苦,性凉;归肝、脾、大肠经。清热燥湿,解毒,凉肝。主小儿疳积,肺炎,惊风。《昆明民间常用草药》载:“清血燥湿,凉血解毒。治烦热口渴,胸闷呕吐,吐血衄血,湿热泻痢,目赤口疮,痈肿疗毒,湿热发黄。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明中药制剂配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热利湿、活血通络、润肺止咳、止泻、凉血止血、清热利尿、止痛等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于治疗小儿流行性感冒引起的鼻屎多、腰背痛、身痛、腹痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、疲劳、咽痛等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备,可广泛应用于小儿流行性感冒的临床治。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本发明中药制剂制备方法的工艺步骤为:
(1)将看麦娘、蓑草、水龙骨、蛇含、鹿茸草、小火草、青天葵、瓦韦、九仙草、白酒草、密马、遍地金和惊风草混匀后加入8倍量的水,提取2-3小时,过滤,取药液;在剩余的残渣中再加入6倍量的水,提取1-2小时,过滤,取药液;合并两次药液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度1.10-1.15的稠膏,减压干燥;
(2)将芦竹沥用开水冲开,滤过,得滤液备用;
(3)将芒萁骨洗净晒干,研末,过200目细粉,备用;
(4)将野菊花全草绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的稠膏、滤液、细粉和汁液混合,制成中药颗粒,即为本发明所述的用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂。
用法用量:口服,每日2次,每次1袋(每袋15g),5天为一疗程,轻者3到5个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
作为治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,选择我院或外院确诊的小儿流行性感冒患者140例临床观察,病人随机分成两组,治疗组70例,男性35例,女性35例,年龄1-10岁,平均年龄5岁,病程1周-1年;对照组70例,男性35例,性35例,年龄2-6岁,平均年龄4岁,病程1周-1年。两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组患者服用本发明中药制剂,每日2次,每次1袋(每袋15g),饭后半小时内温开水送服,5天为一疗程,连续服用3到5个疗程,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组服用小快克,按说明书用,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:鼻屎多、腰背痛、身痛、腹痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、疲劳、咽痛等症状消失,身体恢复正常。
(2)有效:上述症状有所缓解。
(3)无效:病症无变化。
4、结果:
服用本发明中药制剂的治疗组中,治愈50例,有效18例,无效2例,治愈率为71.4%,总有效率97.1%。
对照组中治愈10例,有效20例,无效40例,治愈率为14.3%,总有效率42.9%。以上结果显示,治疗组治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、刘某,男,4岁,四川绵阳人。患者出现咳嗽、高烧、头痛、咽痛等症状,先后辗转多家医院治疗,症状并未减轻。经人介绍来我院就诊。给予服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,上述症状减轻;继续服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程,上述症状消失,随访未复发,彻底治愈。
2、周某,女,3岁,贵州贵阳人。患者突发小儿流行性感冒,在当地医院治疗,未有好转,遂来我院就诊。给予服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程,小儿流行性感冒的症状开始好转;继续服用本发明中药制剂3个疗程,小儿流行性感冒的症状消失,随访未复发,彻底治愈。
3、王某,女,6岁,江苏宿迁人。患者因出现咳嗽、腹痛、腹泻等症状,自服药后症状改善,但腹痛无多大改善,遂来我院就诊。经检查诊断为小儿流行性感冒。给予服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程,上述症状好转;继续服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,身体痊愈,随访未复发。
4、徐某,男,9岁,河南平顶山人。患者无明显诱因出现身痛、腹痛、恶心与呕吐、咳嗽等症状,后逐渐加重,遂来我院诊治。经检查诊断为小儿流行性感冒。后服用本发明中药制剂3个疗程,小儿流行性感冒的症状减轻;继续服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程,小儿流行性感冒的症状全部消失,随访未复发,彻底治愈。
5、余某,男,7岁,福建厦门人。患者自觉8月前觉腹痛和头痛,睡了1晚后疼痛加重,在当地医院检查确诊为小儿流行性感冒。后服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程,上述症状好转;继续服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,上述症状消失,身体痊愈,随访,未复发。
6、彭某,女,2岁,辽宁鞍山人。患者出现咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、疲劳、咽痛等症状,就诊与当地医院,经检查确诊为小儿流行性感冒,给予药物治疗未有好转,遂来我院就诊。给予服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,疼痛减轻,身体好转;继续服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程后,疼痛消失,身体痊愈,随访未复发,彻底治愈。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
看麦娘38-70份芦竹沥35-67份衰草32-64份水龙骨29-61份
蛇含27-59份鹿茸草24-56份小火草22-54份青天葵20-52份
瓦韦20-52份芒萁骨19-51份野菊花19-51份九仙草17-49份
白酒草17-49份密马15-47份遍地金15-47份惊风草13-45份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
看麦娘62份芦竹沥59份衰草56份水龙骨53份
蛇含51份鹿茸草48份小火草46份青天葵44份
瓦韦44份芒萁骨43份野菊花43份九仙草41份
白酒草41份密马39份遍地金39份惊风草37份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
看麦娘54份芦竹沥51份衰草48份水龙骨45份
蛇含43份鹿茸草40份小火草38份青天葵36份
瓦韦36份芒萁骨35份野菊花35份九仙草33份
白酒草33份密马31份遍地金31份惊风草29份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
看麦娘46份芦竹沥43份衰草40份水龙骨37份
蛇含35份鹿茸草32份小火草30份青天葵28份
瓦韦28份芒萁骨27份野菊花27份九仙草25份
白酒草25份密马23份遍地金23份惊风草21份。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一项所述的用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将看麦娘、蓑草、水龙骨、蛇含、鹿茸草、小火草、青天葵、瓦韦、九仙草、白酒草、密马、遍地金和惊风草混匀后加入8倍量的水,提取2-3小时,过滤,取药液;在剩余的残渣中再加入6倍量的水,提取1-2小时,过滤,取药液;合并两次药液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度1.10-1.15的稠膏,减压干燥;
(2)将芦竹沥用开水冲开,滤过,得滤液备用;
(3)将芒萁骨洗净晒干,研末,过200目细粉,备用;
(4)将野菊花全草绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的稠膏、滤液、细粉和汁液混合,制成中药颗粒,即为所述的用于治疗小儿流行性感冒的中药制剂。
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