CN105547664B - Oil-well rig overhead traveling crane fast steamer running status contactless measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-contact method for measuring the running state of the fast wheel of the crown block of an oil drilling rig. The method uses a non-contact method to measure the running state of the fast wheel of the crown block. First, the metal shape features on the surface of the fast wheel of the oil drilling rig crane are obtained through specific sensors; secondly, the core control unit calculates the rotation speed, direction, and position of the fast wheel through these features; finally, the user program passes the operation of the fast wheel of the crane The state calculates parameters such as the position, direction, running speed and well depth of the travel hook. Aiming at the special requirements of the oil drilling rig, the present invention also provides the installation method of the sensor specially for the fast wheel of the overhead crane in the oil industry. The application field of the present invention is not limited to the petroleum industry, and can be used in any occasion where non-contact and high-precision measurement of fast rotating objects is required.

Description

Non-contact measurement method for running state of oil drilling rig crown block fast wheel

technical field

The invention relates to a measurement method, in particular to a non-contact measurement method capable of detecting the running state of the fast wheel of the crown block of an oil drilling rig.

Background technique

Many devices in the oil drilling industry need to measure the position, running speed and direction of the hook, so as to be able to calculate the well depth or detect the anti-collision. The running status such as free hook position, running speed and direction can only be measured indirectly. The usual method is to use an encoder installed on the shaft of the winch drum to measure. This method has always had the following disadvantages:

1. The accuracy is not high, which is caused by the non-linear length of each layer of wire rope in the winch drum.

2. Calibration is cumbersome. A lot of parameters need to be input during calibration, and re-calibration is required after the steel wire rope is replaced, rewound, or the well crew moves. When the parameters input during these calibrations are inaccurate, the accuracy will also be reduced.

3. It is inconvenient to install. The winch drum of each drilling team may not be able to provide the encoder installation shaft. In this case, the installation is extremely difficult.

In theory, there is another method to obtain the running state of the free hook by measuring the running state of the fast wheel of the crane. This method is very accurate, because the running state of the crane can directly reflect the running state of the free hook, but there are various difficulties. For example, a shaft encoder cannot be installed on the fast wheel, and secondary processing cannot be performed on the surface of the fast wheel, otherwise it will affect the dynamic balance and mechanical strength of the fast wheel, so there is still no practical solution. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a non-contact measurement method for the running state of the fast wheel of the crane.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact measurement method capable of accurately measuring the running state of the fast wheel of the crown block of the oil drilling rig.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

First, the metal shape features on the surface of the fast wheel of the oil drilling rig crane are acquired through specific sensors;

Secondly, the core control unit calculates the rotation speed, direction, and position of the fast wheel through these characteristics;

Finally, the user program calculates parameters such as the position, direction, running speed, and well depth of the travel hook through the running status of the fast wheel of the crown block.

The specific sensors described in this invention include two types: rib sensors and hole sensors. The purpose is to meet the requirements of the API 4F specification for the manufacture of cranes in the petroleum industry and the mechanical structure of the fast wheels of the cranes in the petroleum industry as required by the SY/T5527 industry standard.

In view of the special requirements of oil drilling rigs, in order to further clarify the implementation of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for installing the sensor specifically for the fast wheel of the overhead crane in the petroleum industry.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the non-contact method can be used to directly measure the running state parameters such as the rotation speed, direction, and position of the fast wheel of the oil drilling rig crane, which improves the accuracy of the measurement of the running parameters of the free hook and solves the problem of The problem that the fast wheel cannot be installed with the encoder. In addition, since the non-contact measurement method is used, there is no need to make any changes to the fast wheel body, which will not affect the dynamic balance and mechanical strength of the fast wheel. Even better, it is easy to use, as long as the fast pulley is not replaced, there is no need for any calibration whether it is replacing the wire rope, rewinding the wire rope or after the well crew moves.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b are two kinds of mechanical structural forms of the fast wheel of the crown block of the oil drilling rig according to the present invention, wherein Fig. 1a is a fast wheel with reinforcing ribs in the casting process, and Fig. 1b is a fast wheel without reinforcing ribs in the forging process;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the rib sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the hierarchical framework of the core control unit program of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the hole sensor of the present invention;

Figures 5a and 5b are descriptions of the relative positions of the installation of the sensor and the fast wheel during the implementation of the present invention, wherein Figure 5a describes the relative position, and Figure 5b describes the projected position;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the anti-jump frame before the transformation of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the anti-jump frame after transformation of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-jump frame with sensors installed according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure after the bracket is installed on the fast wheel seat according to the present invention.

detailed description

The following is a more detailed description of the above-mentioned and other technical features of the present invention according to the accompanying drawings.

In view of the fact that the present invention finally calculates the motion state parameters such as the rotation speed, direction, and position of the fast wheel by sensing the metal shape characteristics of the fast wheel surface, so in Fig. 1, the API4F specification and the SY /T5527 industry standard in two types of mechanical structure of crane and fast wheel. Figure 1-a shows the fast wheel with ribs in the casting process, and Figure 1-b shows the fast wheel without ribs in the forging process.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the rib sensor structure. The number of sensor probes used is 7, the central axis is symmetrical, and they are arranged symmetrically with double-layer dislocation in the arc-shaped center. From left to right are No. 1-7 probes, the diameter of the probe is 30mm, and the sensing distance is 15mm.

The basic principle of detection is: the characteristic object selected by the sensor during detection is the rib. When the fast wheel rotates, the 6 ribs will alternately sweep the No. 1~7 induction probe groups. When the stiffener is close to the sensing probe, the output original signal is digital or analog. The signal enters the core control unit for calculation, and the program block diagram is shown in Figure 3.

Firstly, the original signal is processed by the identification layer. The main function of this layer is to accurately identify when the rib sweeps across the probe. Especially when the fast wheel rotates at high speed, the time for the rib to sweep across the probe is about 10 microseconds. In this case, the proximity switch with analog output must be used. Stiffeners sweep across the probe for a clear signal. Next, the signal enters the state layer, and the state layer analyzes the signal of the identification layer, and finally divides the rotation of the rib into multiple states (the invention divides the rotation into 8 transient states and 4 steady states). Then, these states are calculated by the interpretation layer, and these states will be interpreted as two pulses with a difference of 90 degrees, and the number of pulses per week (determined by the algorithm, the present invention generates 96 pulses per week). Finally, the presentation layer converts the two pulse signals into the speed, number of turns or pulse count of the fast wheel.

Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram of the hole sensor structure. The number of sensor probes used is 7, the central axis is symmetrical, and they are arranged symmetrically in a single layer in the center of the arc. From left to right are No. 1-7 probes, the diameter of the probe is 18mm, and the sensing distance is 10mm.

The basic principle of detection is: the characteristic object selected by the sensor during detection is a via hole. When the fast wheel rotates, the 6 vias alternately scan the No. 1 to No. 7 sensing probe groups. When the via hole is close to the sensing probe, the output original signal is digital or analog. The basic framework of the program is the same as that of the rib sensor, and the final output is also the same, but the internal implementation method is very different.

Fig. 5 provides a description of the relative positions of the sensor and the fast wheel when the present invention is implemented. When using, whether it is a rib sensor or a hole sensor, the sensing probe of the sensor must be close to the rotating surface of the fast wheel. At the same time, the two bright surfaces must be parallel, which requires a bracket to fix the sensor so that the sensing probe of the sensor is close to the rotating surface. The object to be measured is a rib or a circular via. The relative position between the two is shown in Figure 5-a. At the same time, the central axis projected by the sensor on the surface of the fast wheel must coincide with the central axis of the fast wheel, as shown in Figure 5-b.

The present invention specially designs an installation method for the fast wheel of the crown block of the oil drilling rig. When the fast wheel of the crown head of the oil drilling rig is in use, a steel wire rope anti-jump frame is usually installed to prevent the steel wire rope from falling off from the upper rope groove of the fast wheel. The anti-jump frame is welded with angle steel, as shown in Figure 6.

After the anti-jump frame is modified, the sensor in the present invention can be fixed by four bolts, as shown in FIG. 7 . After installing the sensor, it is shown in Figure 8. After the installation of the sensor and the anti-jump bracket is completed, the bracket can be installed on the fast wheel seat, as shown in Figure 9 after installation.

Figure 8 and Figure 9 show the installation method of the rib sensor, and the installation method of the hole sensor is similar, so it will not be repeated here.

The above description is only illustrative, rather than restrictive, to the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art understand that many modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the following appended claims. Or equivalent, such as increasing or reducing the number of sensor probes, changing the arrangement of sensors, etc., all will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of oil-well rig overhead traveling crane fast steamer running status contactless measurement, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

The form of metal feature of the fast wheel surface of oil-well rig overhead traveling crane is obtained by sensor：The sensor include muscle sensor and Hole sensor, wherein, the muscle sensor, which is used to detect, the fast steamer of reinforcement, and the feature object of sensor selection is during detection Reinforcement, muscle sensor are with substantially symmetrical about its central axis, and the sensor probe group of the double-deck dislocation symmetry arrangement in arc center, fast steamer rotates When, reinforcement can replace inswept sensor probe group, and when reinforcement proximity transducer is popped one's head in, output primary signal is digital quantity Or analog quantity, the signal are calculated into key control unit；The hole sensor is used to detect the fast steamer without reinforcement, The feature object that sensor selects during detection is via, and hole sensor is the arc center individual layer symmetry arrangement with substantially symmetrical about its central axis Sensor probe group, when fast steamer rotates, via replaces inswept sensor probe group, when via proximity transducer is popped one's head in, output Primary signal is digital quantity or analog quantity, and the signal is calculated into key control unit；

Key control unit goes out velocity of rotation, direction and the position of fast steamer by the feature calculation：First by identification layer pair Primary signal is handled, and the effect of the identification layer is that reinforcement or the when inswept probe of via is recognized accurately；Next, letter Number enter state layer, state layer parses to identification layer signal, and most the rotation of reinforcement or via is divided into various states at last； Then, the state being calculated by interpretation layer, the state can be construed as the two-way pulse of 90 degree of difference, and weekly Umber of pulse；Finally, two pulse signals are converted into by expression layer rotating speed, the number of turns or the step-by-step counting of the fast steamer；

Client is gone on a tour by using to characterize the velocity of rotation of overhead traveling crane fast steamer running status, direction and location parameter calculating Position, direction, the speed of service and the well depth of hook；

The measuring method also includes the transformation for preventing anti-jump truss that steel wire rope comes off from fast steamer in grooving, wherein, Anti-jump truss is welded with angle steel, and after transforming anti-jump truss, sensor is bolted on anti-jump truss by four, Afterwards, anti-jump truss is arranged on fast wheel seat.

2. a kind of oil-well rig overhead traveling crane fast steamer running status contactless measurement according to claim 1, its feature It is, the sensor probe is close and parallel with the fast steamer surfaces of revolution, meanwhile, the sensor probe is in the fast steamer table The central axis of face projection overlaps with the central axis of fast steamer.