The splice type distributed optical fiber sensing system of roadbed internal monitoring
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor fibre monitoring technical field, specifically refer to a kind of splice type distributed optical fiber sensing system of roadbed internal monitoring.
Background technology
The build situation of roadbed determines the integral level of road to a great extent.For improving road quality, ensure traffic safety, make engineering safety and the economy coordinating and unifying, roadbed testing is a necessary link before road comes into operation.Common roadbed testing includes the conventional projects such as elevation, horizontal wall inscription, width, flatness, flexure, compactness, although the detection method of these routines can react roadbed integrality preferably, but the 3 D deformation of roadbed inner. layers cannot be reacted, especially the non-uniform settling of roadbed, the key factors such as internal fissure development can not correctly characterize.Particularly for built operation road, the distortion of roadbed inner. layers is more difficult to monitoring.
Recent year road Traffic Volume increases fast, and original road passage capability is obviously not enough to some extent, and therefore corresponding enlarging and widening project have all been carried out in various places, and expressway extension still can continue within a very long time from now on predictably.People also encounter many problems in relevant engineering reality, especially the non-uniform settling of Soft Roadbed, new and old road and faying surface problem, these difficult problems only rely on theoretical analysis or engineering experience to be all difficult to satisfactorily resolve, and this is also the place, blind area of routine monitoring method, so the proposition of new technology, new method just seems very necessary.
Distributed fiberoptic sensor is a kind of sensing mode based on the principle measuring the scattered light produced when light wave is propagated in a fiber.Ultimate principle based on the optical fiber measurement of Brillouin scattering is when optical fiber exists axial strain along the line or temperature changes, the frequency of the Brillouin scattering dorsad in optical fiber will be drifted about relative to the pulsed light frequency injected, and the change of the drift value of Brillouin scattering light frequency and the axial strain suffered by optical fiber and temperature is good linear relationship.
Fibre Optical Sensor is corrosion-resistant, volume is little, lightweight, deflection, and geometric configuration has many-sided adaptability, is not only convenient to lay install, and very little on the material property and mechanics parameter impact burying position underground, can realize harmless burying underground.Fiber-optic monitoring is highly sensitive, good reliability, long service life, and especially Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques can realize the distributed monitoring of structure physical quantity, can overcome the shortcoming that conventional port sensor exists detection leakage phenomenon.By to the data acquisition of laying optical fiber between base course, situation between sign base course that just can be authentic and valid, particularly all intuitively can react problems such as roadbed differential settlement, faying surface situation, roadbed longitudinal joints.
Summary of the invention
Be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of splice type distributed optical fiber sensing system of roadbed internal monitoring, to solve the problem such as settlement of subgrade, internal fissure development in prior art, the present invention can be used for the tracking and monitoring of newly-built road, also can be used for the study on monitoring of road after old road widening.
For achieving the above object, the splice type distributed optical fiber sensing system of a kind of roadbed internal monitoring of the present invention, it comprises: splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor, optical fiber sedimentometer, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument and roadbed two-dimensional model; Wherein, splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor is arranged between base course, optical fiber sedimentometer is laid in widening road side curb, the displacement data of fiber position fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument measured imports in roadbed two-dimensional model, obtains the two-dimentional dynamic model of subgrade settlement; By sedimentation delta data and the two-dimentional dynamic model of tested roadbed, at monitor terminal, Real-Time Monitoring is carried out to subgrade deformation.
Preferably, described splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor diameter is 1cm, in horizontally disposed, comprises sensor fibre and temperature sensing optical fiber, and the type of the two is diameter 1mm standard single-mode fiber, and the connection between optical fiber adopts FC/APC joint.
Preferably, it is three-dimensional that described splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor is laid, for the monitoring section of a certain pile No., Fibre Optical Sensor layering is laid in the interlayer of roadbed, roadbed and bed course, bed course and subbase, subbase and basic unit, splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor on every layer along road lateral arrangement, termination lump monitoring box outside kerbstone; Each layer fiber deployment is in the same section of road, and horizontal level is identical, and optical fiber sedimentometer is laid in identical section widening road side curb; On each monitoring xsect, optic fibre end comes together in same position and is numbered and is protected.
Preferably, described tunneling boring subgrade deformation uses distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument to carry out data monitoring collection, and optical fiber sedimentometer Monitoring Data is gathered by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Preferably, when detecting the sedimentation of built operation road foundation inside, put into splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor by drilling subsection and monitor.
Preferably, in conjunction with temperature sensing optical fiber, temperature compensation is carried out to the fiber-optic monitoring information that distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument is collected.
Preferably, at monitor terminal, by ABAQUS software, two-dimensional model is set up to construction subgrade; The displacement data of the fiber position of measurement is imported in the two-dimensional model of roadbed to be measured, obtain the sedimentation dynamic model of roadbed to be measured, by the settling data of roadbed and the two-dimentional dynamic model of roadbed, at monitor terminal, Real-Time Monitoring is carried out to roadbed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can supplement the deficiency of conventional monitoring methods, obtain the interlayer effect of each layer of roadbed, it is all helpful that this studies the problem such as subgrade deformation, cracking to us, especially in the application of old road widening, the sedimentation and deformation of road width each point can be reacted comparatively intuitively, can more step to a new level to the research of road widening extension project; There is the advantages such as visual pattern, safe and reliable, Realtime Alerts.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor first schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor second schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates fiber deployment cross sectional representation in the present invention;
Fig. 4 illustrates fiber deployment floor map in the present invention;
Accompanying drawing illustrate: 10 be monitor terminal, 11 for optical fiber sedimentometer, 12 for splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor, 13 for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, 14 for distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument, 15 for roadbed two-dimensional model, 21 for roadbed, 22 for curb, 23 for basic unit, 24 for central interlayer band, 25 for bed course, 26 for subbase, 121 for temperature sensing optical fiber, 122 for sensor fibre, 123 be FC/APC joint.
Embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, and the content that embodiment is mentioned not is limitation of the invention.
Shown in Fig. 4, the splice type distributed optical fiber sensing system of a kind of roadbed internal monitoring of the present invention, it comprises: optical fiber sedimentometer 11, splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor 12, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 13, distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument 14 and roadbed two-dimensional model 15; Optical fiber sedimentometer 11 is laid in widening road side curb 22, and the displacement data of fiber position fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 13, distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument 14 measured imports in roadbed two-dimensional model 15, obtains the two-dimentional dynamic model of subgrade settlement; By sedimentation delta data and the two-dimentional dynamic model of tested roadbed, carry out Real-Time Monitoring at monitor terminal 10 pairs of subgrade deformations.
Splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor 12 diameter is 1cm, in horizontally disposed, comprise sensor fibre 122 and temperature sensing optical fiber 121, overcome the shortcoming that conventional port sensor exists detection leakage phenomenon, can monitor each point data of road full width, can react to some extent diverse location sedimentation, faying surface situation.
For newly-built road, optical fiber is successively buried underground along with work progress, successively buries underground from lower to upper.Fiber type is diameter 1mm standard single-mode fiber, and the connection between optical fiber adopts FC/APC joint 123; When subgrade construction buries height underground to sensor fibre 122, after the compacting of roadbed making, lay splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor in Design stake number position, laterally lay along road, be fixed every 3 meters, termination is all at curb 22 outward flange.The laying of one deck road structure above carrying out again after Fibre Optical Sensor has been laid.When roadbed 21 fills top sensor fibre installation position, repeat above-mentioned Fibre Optical Sensor and bury step underground; So, in monitor layer positions such as roadbed 21, roadbed 21 and bed course 25, bed course 25 and subbase 26, subbase 26 and basic units 23, three-dimensional fiber-optic monitoring network can be formed, gather the situation studying each layer of roadbed, when laying at other sections, construct according to same method.
For built operation road, because roadbed builds up, cannot lay according to method above, can adopt favourable turn boring, segmentation puts into boring splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor 12, then slip casting; When laying at other sections, construct according to same method.
Section is laid, at widening road one lateral edges laying optical fiber sedimentometer 11, for the sedimentation of each layer distributed optical fiber sensing roadbed tunneling boring provides benchmark at distribution type fiber-optic.
Adopt distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument 14(BOTDA) gather the strain data that sensor fibre measures.Suggestion fiber-optic monitoring frequency be constructed one day after once, one week latter two days are once, after January weekly, bimester after biweekly, its monitoring periods should at least more than 1 year.
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 13 is adopted to gather the Monitoring Data of optical fiber sedimentometer 11, suggestion and distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument image data time and Frequency Synchronization.
Distribution type fiber-optic, to strain and temperature all comparatively sensitivity, needs the impact eliminating temperature effect when processing Monitoring Data.The present invention adopts the method for indirect compensation, temperature sensing optical fiber 121 is all provided with in splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor, in order to detect the interlayer temperature of each layer of roadbed, when carrying out fiber-optic monitoring, all should collect corresponding Temperature Datum, in order to eliminating temperature effect at every turn.
According to the optical fiber Brillouin frequency data that distribution type fiber-optic measuring instrument 14 gathers, make difference by frequency and can obtain its Brillouin shift; Then utilize temperature coefficient and the coefficient of strain of sensor fibre, and the impact of temperature effect can be eliminated with reference to the temperature information collected during monitoring, obtain the subgrade deformation information that sensor fibre detects.In general the position of Brillouin shift crest, trough just represents the generation of distortion, and according to the coefficient of strain and relevant modulus, we just can obtain roadbed internal stress strain effect, and can this calculating subgrade deformation.
According to the physical dimension of actual road structure, at monitor terminal, by ABAQUS software (ABAQUS software is the finite element software of a set of powerful engineering simulation, and its scope of dealing with problems is from relatively simple linear analysis to the nonlinear problem of many complexity), two-dimensional model is set up to construction subgrade; In material module and load, boundary condition, according to density, the initial boundary conditions of on-the-spot roadbed material, generate the two dimensional model of on-the-spot roadbed displacement field.
According to the particular location of the splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor 12 in roadbed, mark out in two dimensional model; And according to the strain effect of mark splice type distributed fiberoptic sensor 12 position out, tested roadbed 21 sedimentation delta data is added on the correspondence position of roadbed model as load; The delta data of the sedimentation of the tested roadbed of real-time update, obtains the dynamic model of tested subgrade settlement.
Embody rule approach of the present invention is a lot, and the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.