CN103175508A - Monitoring for settlement of railroad bed - Google Patents
Monitoring for settlement of railroad bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175508A CN103175508A CN2011104375826A CN201110437582A CN103175508A CN 103175508 A CN103175508 A CN 103175508A CN 2011104375826 A CN2011104375826 A CN 2011104375826A CN 201110437582 A CN201110437582 A CN 201110437582A CN 103175508 A CN103175508 A CN 103175508A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring system for settlement of a roadbed. The monitoring system comprises a settlement information acquiring system, a settlement information analysis system and an alarming system; and when in use, the settlement information analysis system determines the condition that the settlement occurs and/or the settlement reaches the dangerous level, and an alarm signal and/or intelligence information is sent in one or more ways.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway operation safety monitoring field, relate to particularly the monitoring of railroad bed settlement.
Background technology
Current, the railway system is in the period of rapid construction and development.Simultaneously, safety of railway traffic also faces more challenges and tests, and the railway surrounding enviroment are more complicated, and the natural climate environmental change is frequent, and hazard weather increases, and the security of operation of safety of railway traffic especially high ferro is brought adverse effect.
For overall protected consideration, develop various new technologies, survey device, High-speed Photography Technology, GPS infra-red detection technology, microwave wireless detection etc. such as vehicle-mounted geochemical exploration, be widely used in location and monitoring, for railway security allows to provide effective protection and monitoring means.But various independent technology have its limitation, can be subjected to environment respectively, humanity, and the restriction of the factors such as equipment does not have a kind of method can solve particularly high ferro security protection problem along the line of railway fully, but needs the complementation by various means.
In practice, the safety of transportation by railroad mainly depends on the safety of rail.Stable, safe rail circuit is the basis of train high-speed cruising.Yet, because China in Recent Years railway construction development is swift and violent, cause the construction period generally to shorten, simultaneously also can there be the defective of subgrade settlement deficiency of time, and complex geologic conditions, rail track much is positioned at the first-class reason in subsiding belt, and the potential safety hazard that causes due to the railroad track non-uniform settling becomes the major issue in the urgent need to paying close attention in railway construction.Roadbed is the basis of bearing track structure weight and train load, is also the weakest least stable component in line project.Thus, the Settlement Observation guarantees that settlement after construction meets design requirement most important to controlling the railway engineering quality.Particularly, the sedimentation of the transitional region of railway bridge becomes and needs problems of concern badly.In general, the bridge pier of railway bridge is built on underground lithosphere, thereby does not have significantly settlement issues.But being attached thereto the railway road surface part that connects is but to build on the soil accumulation horizon, thus ubiquity soil settlement problem.In the zone that joins, the road surface fracture that obvious settlement difference causes will appear.The safety of this meeting serious threat railway, thereby the factor of the monitoring that ought to become to attach most importance to.
In prior art, for Monitoring Surface Subsidence, all generally with burying the settlement plate method underground, namely first bury settlement plate underground, read elevation h1 after taking over onboard, after filling certain thickness, excavate roadbed to original pipe place, read elevation h2, then take over, the difference of elevation h1-h2 that reads by front and back is each settling amount.In addition, in the prior art, connect the settlement monitoring of area under a person's administration for railway bridge and land, also can take the mode of communicating pipe, namely by bury aqua storage tank underground in roadbed, it is communicated with outside by conduit, and the exterior visual mark can be used for marking the variation of water level.If the subgrade settlement of this position can cause the tank water level to descend, thereby the exterior visual mark also can change.Like this, just can detect the problem whether roadbed has sedimentation by checking external label.
Yet aforesaid way obviously exists some defectives.For example, with artificial master's measurement main body, all exist uncertain in the measurement of measuring accuracy, data, judgement; Be subjected to natural environment influence larger, traditional monitoring means is under abominable physical environment, and the accuracy of obtaining data has certain limitation;
And have problems on the processing promptness of data and accuracy; In actual observation, the observation element is easily destroyed; In actual observation, the error ratio of settlement plate and section pipe is larger.
Therewith correspondingly, the fast development of optical fibre device recently and extensively utilization, particularly advanced fiber grating sensing technology are for providing feasibility and convenience and economy by utilizing fiber bragg grating device to carry out remote monitoring to sedimentation.Wherein, fiber-optic grating sensor has that volume is little, precision is high, the life-span is long, high reliability, with advantages such as Transmission Fibers compatibilities, and easily is embedded to object under test inside.Wherein, particularly, optical fiber Bragg raster is a kind of novel passive photonic device, can be made into various senser elements, is widely used at sensory field.
Known, also do not monitor in the world the case of railway sedimentation at present with the optical fiber grating sensing network analysis system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of technology that is used for the monitoring railroad bed settlement that overcomes the prior art deficiency and meet the economical and efficient demand is provided.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of subgrade settlement monitoring system, it comprises: the sedimentation information acquisition system; The sedimentation information analysis system; And warning system, in the situation that described sedimentation information analysis system is determined that sedimentation occurs and/or reached hazard level, send alerting signal and/or information in one or more modes
Monitoring system according to an embodiment of the invention, based on such technical conceive: water pipe is set in roadbed, and its end arranges sensor, and the suffered hydraulic pressure of sensor is the linear function of difference of the height of the height of this position and water tower.Like this, utilize law of connected vessels, the measurement of amount of height is converted into the measurement of hydraulic pressure.Utilize fiber Bragg grating sensor network can measure the hydraulic pressure of each measurement point.By the photoelectricity demodulation, the means such as algorithm judgement, the differential water pressures variation that demodulation is obtained is reduced to difference in height, by calculating the sedimentation that relatively obtains roadbed.After determining that sedimentation has occured, provide warning message to each side concerned.
Monitoring system according to another embodiment of the invention, based on such technical conceive: prefabricated plate is set on the settled layer of roadbed, its lower surface arranges the grating fibers pressure transducer, its pressure from following layer suffered when sedimentation occurs diminishes or disappears, thereby the optical maser wavelength of its reflection can reflect such information.This information by analysis after, can determine whether to have occured sedimentation.After determining that sedimentation has occured, provide warning message to each side concerned.
Monitoring system according to still another embodiment of the invention, based on such technical conceive, the mark post parts that fixing collar tube sub-assembly are set in the settled layer in roadbed and are moved along with the sedimentation meeting, relative displacement has both reflected the situation of sedimentation.Fiber bragg grating sensor is arranged on described collar tube sub-assembly or mark post parts, for detection of relative displacement both.The signal that fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back has comprised the information relevant with sedimentation, and this information out determines whether to have occured sedimentation by analysis afterwards, and can be used for providing warning message to outside each side concerned.
The invention has the advantages that, the advantage such as simple in structure, the strong adaptability by utilizing fiber bragg grating sensor, stability, good reproducibility has realized the high precision to object, glitch-free Real-Time Monitoring.Can realize the digitizing sensing, but long-term stable operation under railway depopulated zone, non-Electric region and rugged environment especially.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to railway sedimentation monitoring system of the present invention, comprising data capturing subsystem, information analysis subsystem and warning subsystem;
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the principle schematic according to sensor setting in the data capturing subsystem of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the topological structure schematic diagram according to collection subsystem of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic according to sensor setting in the data capturing subsystem of embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 a, 6b are the principle schematic according to sensor setting in the data capturing subsystem of embodiments of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet according to the analytical approach of information analysis subsystem of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, structure and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail further.
With regard to the maintenance of way, subgrade settlement should comprise " settlement of foundation " and " filling roadbed body sedimentation " two parts.Wherein, " settlement of foundation " is relevant with factors such as duration, foundation treatment modes; " sedimentation of roadbed body " is relevant with factors such as roadbed filling character, water cut, compactness and depths of fill.Usually, subgrade settlement refers to settlement of foundation more.
Subgrade settlement has the characteristics such as sudden and randomness, all might occur throughout the year.According to previous experiences, subgrade settlement speed is the fastest in the 3-4 after line clear month, and its settling amount can account for 70% left and right of total settlement after work, opens that after 6-8 month, subgrade settlement generally will be tending towards smaller value, and impact also will weaken on the circuit rail level.In addition, subsidence rate is subjected to inside even from weather larger, and during the rainy day, the roadbed subsidence rate is faster than fine weather.Railway is to adopt engineering measure to prevent roadbed generation sedimentation at present, such as setting up bridge in the area of settling section or complicated geological or playing the SD stake and get rid of, with the harm of avoiding subgrade settlement that the traffic route is caused.But for those bridge construction difficulties, the too high scene of investment, the method that adopts automatic monitoring system and relevant inspection mechanism to combine is a kind of effective technological approaches.This needs can in time detect adventurous location, traffic route, reaches alarm and notifies railroad train not enter or the dangerous section of entry deterrence, and traffic safety is guaranteed in the generation that prevents disasters.
For the construction of railways technician, understandablely be that roadbed and abutment and roadbed and transversary thing transition section stratigraphic fluctuation larger part and different measures of foundation treatment junctions are the common site that non-uniform settling easily produces.When occuring, non-uniform settling can consist of serious threat to the security of the train of running at high speed.Usually, sedimentation should be satisfied certain standard.Wherein, roadbed: settlement amount after construction is no more than the sedimentation amount of the heightening 15mm that fastener allows; The relative settlement of road and bridge culvert intersection should be greater than 5mm; Geologic condition better, sedimentation tends towards stability and when designing and surveying the poor 5mm of being not more than of sedimentation total amount, can judge that sedimentation satisfies the ballastless track construction conditions.The tunnel basis settlement after construction value of prediction is not more than 15mm.The prediction and evaluation method of transition section sedimentation is carried out with reference to roadbed.Prediction settlement difference between the different works of transition section is not more than 5 mm.The prediction sedimentation causes along the knuckle of circuit direction and is not more than 1/1000.
The subgrade settlement monitoring system should have the three basic function: settling amount is detected, can automatically identify when sedimentation exceeds the regulation category, can take effective means to report to the police after the identification warning message.In order to satisfy above requirements, as shown in Figure 1, should be consisted of by three subsystems at least according to sedimentation monitoring system of the present invention: the signals collecting subsystem; The signal analysis subsystem; The warning subsystem.In addition, because facility is had relatively high expectations for equipment dependability, system must possess self-diagnosing function, and when device signal collection path was impaired, equipment can provide corresponding alerting signal and notify the staff to safeguard.
The groundwork of the subsystem of signals collecting wherein, is collection site sedimentation information and changes into data and send to the signal analysis subsystem by transmission means such as networks; The groundwork of signal analysis subsystem is the data that send from the signals collecting subsystem according to the respective algorithms analysis, then the binding time variable quantity judges the settling amount of unit interval, and sends corresponding alerting signal to the warning subsystem; Warning subsystem main task is to receive can to send the warning means such as light, sound, electricity after the alerting signal that the signal analysis subsystem sends and inform the corresponding warning message of staff at different levels.The below describes respectively each subsystem.
＜signals collecting subsystem 〉
Embodiment 1
According to signals collecting subsystem shown in this embodiment 1, by the mode of water pressure monitoring, it mainly comprises water tank and on-the-spot water passage, fiber-optic grating sensor and fiber optic network, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator of laying.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the ultimate principle of this data capturing subsystem is: by laying hose below railway bed, and detect the variation in water pressure amount of respective line at the top of water pipe installing optical fibres grating sensor.When sedimentation occured, pipeline can sink along with sedimentation, and its change in location can cause the measured hydraulic pressure of sensor to change, and fiber bragg grating sensor is by variation in water pressure perception sedimentation in signal piping.
Wherein, in water pipe and the sensor operated by rotary motion suitable layer in roadbed, such as the sandy soil packed layer.In fact, also can be arranged in other suitable layer.
The laying of monitoring water route and fiber bragg grating sensor is referring to shown in Fig. 2 and 3, wherein with the road direction laying of water main downline, optical fiber cable wire and hose are laterally laid to the roadbed center from water main, at hose top installing optical fibres grating hydraulic pressure sensor.Sensor is subject to the hydraulic pressure pressure of hose end, and its size should equal
F=S*P=S*mg*△H=S*mg*（H0-H’）。
Wherein, S is the lifting surface area of sensor, and H0 is the highest water surface elevation of water tower, and H ' is the height of water level at each sensing station place.In fact this height of water level is exactly the level height of sedimentation location.It is substantially constant that H0 keeps, and H ' is as the object variable of monitoring.
Build initial conditions after completing at sedimentation monitoring system, system can obtain the pressure data of each fiber-optic grating sensor (comprising reference sensor) of relevant position, and is converted into altitude information, as primary data.Wherein, the reference optical fiber grating sensor is arranged on certain hydraulic pressure position, remains unchanged, and measured hydraulic pressure is as a datum quantity.System accounting is calculated difference in height △ H1, △ H2, △ H3, △ H4 etc. of each fiber-optic grating sensor that is positioned at monitoring location and reference sensor.
When tested roadbed has sedimentation to produce, near the change in location of hose causing, and near the hydraulic pressure that drives respective sensor changes; Detect by the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor, and after Signal Analysis System calculates, obtain the variation of corresponding difference in height; When the variation that occurs when difference in height exceeded defined threshold, this can draw the generation that there is obvious sedimentation in this location, and according to the order of severity of sedimentation, relevant departments are informed in the signal alarm of sending different brackets.Wherein, the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor carries temperature compensation, detects numerical value and is not subjected to influence of temperature change.
Wherein, the principle of work of described fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor is:
Each fiber-optic grating sensor receives laser from lasing light emitter (such as (FBG) demodulator), and is reflected back the laser of specific wavelength.For the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor, under the impact of pressure, be offset by its optical maser wavelength that is reflected back.For the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor, the characteristic wavelength λ of its reflection is between 1510-1590nm.Have set relation between the amount △ λ of wavelength shift and hydraulic pressure F, this relational expression can be expressed as:
△λ
i=k*F
i （1）
Wherein, K for predetermined coefficient, is an empirical value or test determination value.
Monitor fiber-optic grating sensor that sedimentation causes and the situation of change of the differential water pressures between the reference optical fiber grating sensor in order to utilize above-mentioned relational expression by the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor, according to embodiments of the invention, can build a kind of sedimentation information acquisition system.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of signals collecting subsystem.Wherein, shown in sensor location formula array comprise a plurality of fiber-optic grating sensors, special case is only to comprise this sensor.Described Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array can be to be connected in series, and perhaps is connected in parallel, also can the mode that combine with series connection in parallel.Particularly, the topological structure of sensor can be as shown in the figure, described Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is connected in a plurality of branches light path, and each branch's light path is connected with main cable by optical cable connecting box, by main cable, each shunt optical cable is connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator device.For example, on each detected position, a sensor can be set, also several sensors can be set, and the sensor on a plurality of measured positions connects through certain mode that in existing system, each modulation /demodulation instrument can connect 4-64 bar optical channel, and every optical channel can be contacted and be connect 15-20 fiber bragg grating sensor.System's maximum can connect more than 1000 sensor altogether like this, and according to the needs of monitoring, the laying of sensor on rail track can require to select different density implementing monitorings according to difference.
Send laser signal to the fiber grating hydraulic pressure sensor by optical fiber cable by described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.Usually, (FBG) demodulator sends predetermined beam of laser, comprises the laser of a plurality of predetermined wavelengths.According to predetermined set, the laser of the fiber-optic grating sensor of each reflection specific wavelength under normal condition, and skew has occured or has disappeared in the wavelength of the laser of fiber-optic grating sensor reflection under the effect of extraneous stress.The wavelength variations of the laser of described (FBG) demodulator by relatively reflecting back into (FBG) demodulator observes the external environment condition of each sensor on its impact that produces.
Wherein, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises: laser beam emitting device, be used for to generate laser beam, and the laser input/output port, and be used for Laser output to the Transmission Fibers optical cable, described Transmission Fibers is connected with fiber-optic grating sensor, with transfer laser.In addition, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises the laser demodulating equipment, is used for the laser signal that demodulation is reflected.In addition, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises and also comprises other data-out port, is used for to data platform the data message that gathers such as the server transmission.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator as shown above has 4 passages, fiber-optic grating sensor in each passage interconnects with series system, each forehearth limb optical cable is connected with optical cable connecting box with main cable, and main cable can be four-core, six cores, eight cores, 16 cores and do not wait.The grating fibers (FBG) demodulator each passage fiber grating sensor wavelength signal demodulation after, send the signal analysis subsystem to by network interface and carry out signal analysis.
Wherein, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is relative with Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array to be arranged in the environment to be measured of a certain part matchingly, and described (FBG) demodulator is arranged on safer stable position.And described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator can be powered by external power source, or externally can be powered by its power supply that carries in the situation of power supply power-fail.
By sedimentation information acquisition system of the present invention, can collect the sedimentation information that obtains about certain position or the generation of certain regional area.Wherein, be offset if obtain the wavelength of the laser of certain sensor reflection, this means that certain sedimentation has appearred in the position of this sensor.This just need to utilize information analysis system to analyze collected signal, thereby draws certain conclusion.
Embodiment 2
According to embodiment 2, another kind of collection subsystem of collecting sedimentation information comprises: in the settled layer of roadbed, be provided for the fiber-optic grating sensor that gaging pressure changes.
Wherein, railway bed generally can be divided into several layers, and every layer through the layer above covering again after the rammer pressure.Generally have one or several layer of sedimentation easily occurs.Particularly, plate is preset in certain position setting at layer top that sedimentation easily occurs, it separates free settling layer (such as the sandy soil buring layer) and non-settled layer (such as gravel embankment or cement LIFT), at its lower surface, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor can be set, it is used for measuring the settled layer of institute's sensing to its pressure that causes.In the situation that sedimentation occurs, its measured pressure can diminish, until vanishing.Like this, can obtain the sedimentation situation of certain position by its measured pressure.This can be by understanding the principle of this measurement shown in Fig. 5.Wherein, prefabricated board generally is assumed to and is not moved.Prefabricated board can be constructed by cement, and area coverage is about a square of left and right, can be also other size.
Thus, according to principle of the present invention, along the bearing of trend of railway bed, in the layer that sedimentation easily occurs, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is set, is used for collecting the sedimentation situation of the potential generation of roadbed a plurality of positions.
As shown in the figure, data capturing subsystem comprises: optical fiber optical grating stress sensor distributive array, and optical fiber cable, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Also can be represented by Fig. 4 according to the signals collecting subsystem of embodiment 2.Send laser signal to optical fiber optical grating stress sensor by optical fiber cable by described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.Usually, (FBG) demodulator sends predetermined beam of laser, comprises the laser of a plurality of predetermined wavelengths.According to predetermined set, the laser of the fiber-optic grating sensor of each reflection specific wavelength under normal condition, and skew has occured in the wavelength of the laser of fiber-optic grating sensor reflection under the effect of extraneous stress.The wavelength variations of the laser of described (FBG) demodulator by relatively reflecting back into (FBG) demodulator observes the external environment condition of each sensor on its impact that produces.
Wherein, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises: laser beam emitting device, be used for to generate laser beam, and the laser input/output port, and be used for Laser output to the Transmission Fibers optical cable, described Transmission Fibers is connected with fiber-optic grating sensor, with transfer laser.In addition, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises the laser demodulating equipment, is used for the laser signal that demodulation is reflected.In addition, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises and also comprises other data-out port, is used for to data platform the data message that gathers such as the server transmission.
By protection network information acquisition system of the present invention, can collect the information that obtains about certain position or certain regional area.Wherein, under normal circumstances, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is subject to the pressure of settled layer, and its wavelength can produce certain skew, and this is as the benchmark reference.And if have sedimentation to occur, skew can diminish or disappear, fiber-optic grating sensor can reflect and its characteristic wavelength occur.Thus, whether or judge near characteristic wavelength whether sedimentation has occured herein appearance that can be by the detected characteristics wavelength.This just need to utilize the information analysis subsystem to analyze the collected signal of above-mentioned information acquisition system, thereby draws certain conclusion.
Embodiment 3
According to embodiment 3, another kind of analysis of information collection system is proposed, comprising: in the settled layer of roadbed, be provided for measuring the fiber-optic grating sensor structure of relative displacement.Particularly, as shown in Fig. 6 a, 6b, each position arranges a pipe box and mark post, and its middle sleeve is due to relatively fixing with the friction force of each layer, and mark post can move down along with the sedimentation of settled layer.Certain position at sleeve pipe or mark post arranges fiber grating displacement sensor.By measuring the relative displacement between sleeve pipe and mark post, just can measure whether sedimentation has occured, and sedimentation how much.
Also can be represented by Fig. 4 according to the signals collecting subsystem of embodiment 3.Data capturing subsystem comprises: fiber grating displacement sensor distributive array, and optical fiber cable, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Wherein, shown in sensor location formula array comprise a plurality of fiber-optic grating sensors, special case is only to comprise this sensor.Described Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array can be to be connected in series, and perhaps is connected in parallel, also can the mode that combine with series connection in parallel.
Send laser signal to fiber grating displacement sensor by optical fiber cable by described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.Usually, (FBG) demodulator sends predetermined beam of laser, comprises the laser of a plurality of predetermined wavelengths.According to predetermined set, the laser of the fiber-optic grating sensor of each reflection specific wavelength under normal condition, and skew has occured in the wavelength of the laser of fiber-optic grating sensor reflection under the effect in the external world.The wavelength variations of the laser of described (FBG) demodulator by relatively reflecting back into (FBG) demodulator observes the external environment condition of each sensor on its impact that produces.Wherein, the wavelength information of reflection has reflected the information of described relative displacement.
Fiber-optic grating sensor can be arranged on a plurality of positions, by the information acquisition system according to the present embodiment, can collect the information that obtains about a plurality of positions or certain regional area.
＜information analysis subsystem 〉
According to principle of the present invention, need configuration information to analyze subsystem and analyze the information that obtains from above-mentioned data capturing subsystem collection.Preferably, information analysis subsystem can be analyzed the information from numerous data capturing subsystems.Wherein, being used for analyzing subsystem can be by wired mode such as optical cable is connected with information acquisition system.Be replacedly, also can send and transmission of information by wireless mode, this can realize by means of satellite network.
Wherein, described information analysis subsystem can be embodied as computer server particularly, and as shown in Figure 2, it comprises or connect corresponding database.According to the present invention, described information analysis subsystem comprises processor, processes and logic judgment unit as data, and the information relevant with the sensor wavelength variation that is used for (FBG) demodulator is sent is analyzed and judges.As shown in Figure 7, analytic process should comprise the following steps:
Step 101: related wavelength determines to belong to the information of which fiber-optic grating sensor.
In view of the characteristic wavelength of the amount of fiber grating sensor wavelength skew and each described sensor is comparatively speaking very little value, general is only the amount of or a few nanometer, and the general sensor characteristics wavelength with adjacent band of the wavelength after changing also can be good at differentiation.Like this, having determined just can determine after the wavelength information is the information of corresponding which fiber-optic grating sensor.
Wherein, each fiber bragg grating sensor characteristic of correspondence wavelength X and variable range thereof are pre-stored in server, perhaps calculate according to predetermined amount.
Table 1
| Reflection wavelength | Original wavelength | Respective sensor | Corresponding skew |
| λ1' | λ1 | S1 | △λ 1 |
| λ2' | λ2 | S2 | △λ 2 |
| λ3' | λ3 | S3 | △λ 3 |
| λ4' | λ4 | S4 | △λ 4 |
| … | … | … | … |
Step 102: the external information of determining the reflection wavelength representative of related sensor.
According to preamble, for the situation of first embodiment of data capturing subsystem, the skew of wavelength has represented the change information of hydraulic pressure, also and then represented the information of sedimentation.
The pressure that sensor is experienced is corresponding with the wavelength shift of sensor, also just can determine whether sensor has born suitable pressure by the amount of monitoring wavelength shift conversely.Referring to following example form 2-1
Table 2-1
| Corresponding skew | Hydraulic pressure pressure | Sedimentation |
| △λ 1 | F1 | Situation 1 |
| △λ 2 | F2 | Situation 2 |
| △λ 3 | F3 | Situation 3 |
| △λ 4 | F4 | Situation 4 |
| … | … | … |
By look-up table 2-1 as above or certain computing formula, can calculate the suffered hydraulic pressure level of respective sensor of each reflection wavelength representative.This hydraulic pressure level can be corresponding to the height of certain sensing station, and embodies sedimentation information.Thus, the wavelength by reflection can obtain sedimentation information.
For the situation of second embodiment of information acquisition system, the appearance of the characteristic wavelength under a sensor has represented that also sedimentation has occured in the position of ripple respective sensor.Referring to following example form 2-2
Table 2-2
| Characteristic wavelength | Sensor | The position | Sedimentation |
| λ 1 | S1 | Position 1 | Situation 1 |
| λ 2 | S2 | Position 2 | Situation 2 |
| λ 3 | S3 | Position 3 | Situation 3 |
| λ 4 | S4 | Position 4 | Situation 4 |
| … | … | … |
For the situation of the 3rd embodiment of information acquisition system, the wavelength shift of reflector laser has represented the variation of relative displacement, also and then represented what of sedimentation.Referring to following example form 2-3
Table 2-3
| Corresponding skew | Sensor | Change in displacement | Sedimentation |
| △λ 1 | S1 | △L1 | Situation 1 |
| △λ 2 | S2 | △L2 | Situation 2 |
| △λ 3 | S3 | △L3 | Situation 3 |
| △λ 4 | S4 | △L4 | Situation 4 |
| … | … | … |
Step 103: determine situation and the order of severity that sedimentation occurs.
Wherein, need default basis of reference, to determine with reference to amount.This corresponding relation is not fixed, but the artificial result of setting, so also can suitably change as the case may be.
Wherein, table 1,2 can be the part of the look-up table of an integral body, the look-up table that perhaps separates.
Wherein, also need to judge the situation that the wavelength signals that occur but disappears:
If be transferred to the signal that does not comprise or interrupt corresponding certain fiber-optic grating sensor in the sensor signal of server, mean certain serious situation that occured.This need to carry out safe handling.If the blackout of the sensor that is connected by minute optical cable is likely that this optical cable is damaged.The logic rules of judgement can specifically be set by operating personnel, or modify.
By the sedimentation information of more a plurality of positions, can determine whether inhomogeneous sedimentation has occured, thereby cause Uneven road.
The warning subsystem
Information analysis system, the server section shown in Fig. 1 namely, obtain by analysis that disaster occurs or the information of the extent of injury after, this information is sent to relevant personnel with the form of certain medium, be responsible for personnel, the maintenance personal of railway security such as the zone, and the higher level decision maker.
Wherein, by the personnel that are responsible for security monitoring, according to the situation of monitoring, can by wired or wireless mode, such as phone, note, broadcasting, warning lamp, warn or announce to the relevant personnel.
As a further example, the present invention is fit to carry out automatic monitoring and warning by auto-alarm function, because a server can be used for monitoring numerous sensors and large-area zone, and also can realize the instantaneity of reporting to the police.
Like this, the railroad track sedimentation monitoring system that comprises above-mentioned each ingredient has advantages of outstanding with respect to existing mode, i.e. the aspect such as accurate, safe, instant and low-cost.Wherein, sensor preferably is arranged on road and bridge and meets boundary place, can certainly be arranged on other position of sedimentations easily occurs.
This system also can be relevant with railroad track with other monitoring system compatible or parallel mutually, to realize comprehensive function.
The present invention describes as an example of the railway sedimentation example, in fact also is applicable to the situation of the settlement monitoring of highway.Those examples that functional character of the present invention is not limited to provide previously it is contemplated that the function of any kind in spirit of the present invention like this.Although describe the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not in order to limit the invention to object lesson set forth herein.On the contrary, scope of the present invention only is subject to described claim.
Claims (17)
1. a sedimentation information acquisition system, be used for collecting the information relevant with subgrade settlement, and this information acquisition system comprises:
Fiber-optic grating sensor is individual or by its distributive array that consists of; With
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, wherein said fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected by optical fiber cable with said fiber-optic grating sensor or by the array that it consists of;
Wherein, described sensor individuality or array are arranged on the certain position place in roadbed, when sedimentation occured for this roadbed position, described sensor individuality or array can sense the sedimentation of this position, and generated sensing signal and return to described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
2. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein
Described roadbed is railway bed;
Described fiber-optic grating sensor is any in following:
Displacement transducer, pressure transducer and hydraulic pressure sensor.
3. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein said fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator comprises laser beam emitting device, be used for generating laser, and input/output port, be used for Laser output to Transmission Fibers, described Transmission Fibers is connected with fiber-optic grating sensor, and laser turns back to described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator after the fiber-optic grating sensor reflection
Wherein, laser is when the fiber-optic grating sensor internal reflection, if described fiber grating is subject to outside effect, the wavelength of the laser of reflection can change, and has predetermined correlativity between described variation and external action.
4. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein said fiber-optic grating sensor is displacement transducer and is arranged to:
Be positioned at railway bed, and be arranged in the structure that is made of collar tube sub-assembly and mark post parts, wherein said sleeve pipe and mark post are along with sedimentation produces relative displacement;
Relative displacement between the mark post parts that relatively move for detection of the collar tube sub-assembly of fixed position and along with sedimentation.
5. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein, described fiber-optic grating sensor is hydraulic pressure sensor and is arranged to:
Be positioned at the end of the water pipe of railway bed, wherein this water pipe is arranged in the layer of easy generation sedimentation and communicates with water tower by water main, and the peak level of water tower remains unchanged substantially;
Variation for detection of its suffered hydraulic pressure.
6. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein, described fiber-optic grating sensor is pressure transducer and is arranged to:
Be positioned at the lower surface of the prefabricated board of railway bed, wherein this prefabricated board is arranged in the layer of easy generation sedimentation and keeps motionless;
Variation for detection of its pressure.
7. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 3, wherein said fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator carries out demodulation process to the laser that reflects from described fiber-optic grating sensor, and draws the wavelength signals of reflector laser.
8. sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 5, wherein, the sedimentation information acquisition system also comprises the reference optical fiber grating sensor, hydraulic pressure for detection of level altitude position in water pipe, as benchmark hydraulic pressure, it is compared with the hydraulic pressure that described fiber-optic grating sensor is surveyed, and is used for offsetting the variation of water tower water surface elevation.
9. sedimentation information analysis system comprises:
Signal receiving device is used for receiving the signal from sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 1,
Processor unit, be arranged to by analyzing definite:
1) which fiber-optic grating sensor is the wavelength signals of each laser that is reflected back relate to;
2) level of sedimentation of the wavelength variation information of related laser and representative;
3) whether sedimentation occurs, and whether sedimentation reaches hazard level.
10. system according to claim 9, wherein said system comprises memory storage, and is wherein pre-stored:
Corresponding relation between fiber-optic grating sensor and characteristic wavelength;
The external action Relations Among that wavelength variations and fiber-optic grating sensor are surveyed;
Corresponding relation between tested external action and sedimentation occur.
11. system according to claim 9, processor unit wherein, be arranged to also be used for:
Determine whether to disappear corresponding to the wavelength signals of one or several fiber bragg grating sensors; And
According to predetermined logic rules, judgement is where sensor damage and/or the damage of which bar optical fiber cable have occured in the position thus.
12. system according to claim 9, processor unit wherein, be arranged to also be used for:
Whether the sedimentation of determining a plurality of positions in roadbed belongs to uniform settling.
13. system according to claim 9, processor unit wherein, also comprise for:
Generate alerting signal after determining to occur to surpass the sedimentation of predetermined extent.
14. a subgrade settlement monitoring system comprises:
Arbitrary described sedimentation information acquisition system according to claim 1-8;
Arbitrary described sedimentation information analysis system according to claim 9-13;
Warning system in the situation that described sedimentation information analysis system is determined that sedimentation occurs and/or reached hazard level, is sent alerting signal and/or information to the external world in one or more modes.
15. system according to claim 14 is characterised in that, described sedimentation information acquisition system and described sedimentation information analysis system by wired or wirelessly mode be connected at a distance.
16. according to claim 14 or 15 described systems are characterised in that, comprise one or more described sedimentation information acquisition systems, and
Described one or more described sedimentation information acquisition system provides the information of collection to one or more described sedimentation information analysis systems.
17. system according to claim 16 is characterised in that, described sedimentation information analysis system is the collected information of a plurality of described sedimentation information acquisition system comprehensively, determines the sedimentation situation in a plurality of highway sections that road is along the line.
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| CN2011104375826A CN103175508A (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Monitoring for settlement of railroad bed |
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| CN2011104375826A CN103175508A (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Monitoring for settlement of railroad bed |
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| CN103674777A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽省金田建筑设计咨询有限责任公司 | Test method for measuring settlement amount of fully eluviated soil |
| CN103968804A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 大连理工大学 | Low coherence optical monitoring system and method for micron settlement of long-span foundation of high speed railway |
| CN104316030A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-01-28 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Roadbed settlement monitoring system |
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