CN105543546A - Technology for smelting and casting C18150 alloy under atmosphere condition - Google Patents
Technology for smelting and casting C18150 alloy under atmosphere condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543546A CN105543546A CN201610110504.8A CN201610110504A CN105543546A CN 105543546 A CN105543546 A CN 105543546A CN 201610110504 A CN201610110504 A CN 201610110504A CN 105543546 A CN105543546 A CN 105543546A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
Abstract
A technology for smelting and casting a C18150 alloy under the atmosphere condition comprises steps as follows: (1), furnace casting, baking and sintering: a basic refractory material is to be selected as a furnace liner material, acid refractory materials such as silica sand and the like cannot be utilized, and the operational process is as follows: furnace forging, furnace baking and sintering; (2), smelting and casting: a, baking of a covering agent, b, blending, c, smelting, d, casting, e, checking, f, sawing and g, warehousing. According to the technology for smelting and casting the C18150 alloy under the atmosphere condition, the problem of burning loss of Cr and Zr is solved fundamentally, meanwhile, melts are purified, consumption of raw materials is reduced, the production cost is greatly reduced, the ingot metallurgy quality is improved, the defects of pores, impurity inclusion, slag inclusion and the like caused by air absorption and oxygen absorption due to adoption of a traditional method for conveying molten metal by a launder are overcome, the ingot quality is improved, the technology further has the advantages of small occupied space, low labor intensity, low metal loss and the like, and low-cost production is realized truly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of melting and casting alloy, particularly relate to melting and casting C18150(chrome zirconium copper alloy under a kind of atmospheric condition) technique, especially a kind of casting stove and baking oven sintering process is related to, emphasize that furnace building material must be basic refractory, on melt, covering agent for smelting copper alloy is added during melting, chromium, zirconium add in stove with master alloy form, adopt vertical undercurrent semi continuous mode, cast circular ingot during casting.
Background technology
C18150(chrome zirconium copper alloy) owing to having high-strength, high-conductivity energy, have wide range of applications, the high-performance copper alloy material greatly developed during being China 12, technical value added is higher, but production difficulty is large.In China, most enterprises chrome zirconium copper alloy ingot casting adopts vacuum method founding to produce, and chromium, zirconium once add at vacuum chamber, can not adjust, and ingot quality metallurgical quality is poor, and ingot casting yield rate is about 70%, and production cost is high; Although minority enterprise have employed antivacuum method and produces, chromium, zirconium, by manually adding at chute, melt insufficient, also cannot adjusting component.Therefore, the unstable and skewness of chemical composition content, following ingot quality is also unstable, and ingot casting yield rate is substantially about 80%, and production cost is also higher.The product of the ingot casting processing of producing by above-mentioned two kinds of methods can not meet high-end user high performance requirements.
From global range angle, chrome zirconium copper alloy suitability for industrialized production key issue is smelting technique.Due to Cr, Zr element and oxygen affinity larger, therefore the oxidization burning loss problem of alloying element must be solved when melting chrome zirconium copper alloy, adopt vacuum smelting method to carry out its manufacture cost of actual production too high, realize continuous seepage, large length product difficulty is quite large.How solving the melting in air problem of chrome zirconium copper alloy, is one of research direction of the many research institutions in the current whole world, particularly copper alloy manufacturing enterprise, also belongs to the very large problem of a difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, provide melting and casting C18150 alloy prior under a kind of atmospheric condition.The invention solves that traditional vacuum method equipment investment is large and antivacuum forensic chemistry component content unstable and the problem of skewness, there is flexible operation, improve ingot metallurgy quality, make the even segregation-free of the chemical composition of ingot casting, grain fineness number tiny, there is no the feature that metallurgical imperfection, surface quality are good, enhance productivity, reduce production cost, and form industrialized mass production.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides is: melting and casting C18150 alloy prior under a kind of atmospheric condition, is characterized in that there are following steps.
(1) cast stove to sinter with baking.
Furnace lining material must select basic refractory, must not use the acid refractories such as silica sand, operating process: cupola drop-baking oven-sintering, process control condition.
A, cupola drop.
Burner and upper furnace body adopt casting material to make, and lower furnace body adopts dry dnockout ramming, and burner and upper furnace body, upper furnace body and lower furnace body are docking integrally by burner and upper furnace body natural curing for 3 ~ 7 days again.
B, baking.
Slow intensification, avoiding heats up rapidly causes crackle and peels off, and baking terminates slow cooling.
C, sintering.
Add in stove by the fritter electrolytic copper cut, till filling up, then sinter, sintering process is shown in accompanying drawing.
(2) melting and casting.
Newly make stove excessive production in early stage and be not less than 3 days, and then produce chrome zirconium copper alloy.
Crystallizer is circular, and ingot-guiding head stretches into about 1/3 position of crystallizer from ingot casting Way out.
Chemical Composition Control according to the form below specifies.
C18150(chrome zirconium copper alloy) main chemical compositions requirement.
Chrome zirconium copper alloy operating process.
Batching-shove charge-add covering agent for smelting copper alloy-melt-add copper chromium master alloy-intensification fusing-scald burner-sampling analysis-Jia copper magnesium master alloy deoxidation-add copper zirconium master alloy-leave standstill-sampling analysis, adjusting component-scald burner-casting.
Technology controlling and process.
A, baking insulating covering agent.
Covering agent for smelting copper alloy, fully dries before using, and technique is temperature 500 DEG C/5 ~ 6 hours, and oven dry terminates rear taking-up and seals stand-by.
B, batching.
MAGNESIUM METAL calculates by the total amount 0.01% that feeds intake, and chromium calculates by 0.7 ~ 0.9% of total charging capacity, and zirconium calculates by 0.15 ~ 0.20% of total charging capacity; Magnesium, chromium, zirconium make copper-20% magnesium, copper-10% chromium, copper-30% zirconium master alloy respectively, before using, master alloy are smashed into fritter, melt when being convenient to melting.
C, melting.
Copper and covering agent for smelting is added in stove, insulating covering agent thickness is advisable to reach 100mm after fusing, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C add Cu-Cr alloy make it fusing, temperature reduces naturally, within 3 ~ 5 minutes, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C again, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes copper liquid inflow burner carry out boiling hot burner (10 ~ 15 minutes), stir sampling analysis chromium content (visual content is finely tuned), chromium (Cr) analyze qualified after add Cu-Mg alloy, be incubated and add Cu-Zr alloy again after about 5 minutes, be incubated about 5 minutes again, sampling analysis zr element content, qualified rear insulation prepares casting.
D, casting.
The body of heater that fascinates scalds burner (10 ~ 15 minutes) again, allowing after the abundant preheating of burner can tapping casting, and copper liquid temperature is adjusted to 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes the carbon tube of embedding burner aim at crystallizer center perpendicular to crystallizer (horizontal plane), open flow-limiting valve, copper liquid enters crystallizer cast through valve-graphite pipeline, copper liquid at crystallizer inner height for making carbon tube be immersed apart from crystallizer along 10 ~ 15mm.Cover bath surface in crystallizer with cigarette ash, casting temp 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, casting speed 0.8 ~ 1.2mm/s, during casting, cooling water pressure is 0.03 ~ 0.05MPa.
E, inspection.
After casting terminates, ingot casting is hung out casting well, cut sample analysis chemical composition, low power checks internal soundness, measurement size, checks surface quality, qualified rear preparation sawing.
F, sawing.
Ingot casting after passed examination is cut into neat chi as required, prepares next procedure processing and uses;
G, warehouse-in.
To be up to the standards and the ingot casting of sawing, be deposited into qualified ingot casting storage area, perform record.
The present invention relies on " covering agent for smelting copper alloy " patent of invention (publication number is CN101817066A) had, chromium zirconium copper non-vacuum melting and semicontinuous undercurrent casting technique are developed, fundamentally solve the burning problems of Cr, Zr element, purified melt simultaneously, reduce raw materials consumption, significantly reduce production cost, improve ingot metallurgy quality; Semicontinuous undercurrent is cast pore that air-breathing, the oxygen uptake of avoiding the method for traditional chute transferring metal liquid to bring cause, is mingled with and the defects such as slag inclusion, not only improve ingot quality, also there is little, the advantage such as labour intensity is low, metal loss is few that takes up room, really achieve low cost production.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows.
1. antivacuum founding chrome zirconium copper alloy ingot casting yield rate reaches 90%, higher than vacuum casting by more than 20%.
2. applying covering agent for smelting copper alloy makes zr element recovery rate reach 60%, and zr element is evenly distributed.
3. chrome zirconium copper alloy ingot casting grain fineness number reaches M-8.5 level.
This process technology scheme, without the need to special equipment, does not have facility investment, and can make full use of the existing up-down structure smelting furnace of general non-ferrous metals processing enterprise, semicontinuous caster, energy consumption is low, easy to operate, clean environment firendly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1. furnace lining baking oven sintering process curve.
Fig. 2. melting and casting ingot process schema.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
The present invention is adopted to produce C18150(chrome zirconium copper alloy) ∮ 223mm circular ingot.
Requirement.
Newly make stove excessive production in early stage and be not less than 3 days, and then go to produce chrome zirconium copper alloy.
Crystallizer is circular, and diameter ∮ 227mm ingot-guiding head stretches into 1/3 position of crystallizer from ingot casting Way out.
Chrome zirconium copper alloy operating process.
Batching-shove charge-add covering agent for smelting copper alloy-melt-add copper chromium master alloy-intensification fusing-scald burner-sampling analysis-Jia copper magnesium master alloy deoxidation-add copper zirconium master alloy-leave standstill-sampling analysis, adjusting component-scald burner-casting.
Process control condition.
A, baking insulating covering agent.
Covering agent for smelting copper alloy, fully dries before using, and technique is temperature 500 DEG C/5 ~ 6 hours, and oven dry terminates rear taking-up and seals stand-by.
B, charge calculation.
Select 2t medium-frequency induction furnace, always feed intake 2000kg, wherein MAGNESIUM METAL calculates by the total amount 0.01% that feeds intake, and needs Cu-20%Mg master alloy 1kg, and chromium calculates by 0.8% of total charging capacity, need Cu-10%Cr master alloy 160kg, zirconium calculates by 0.18% of total charging capacity, needs Cu-, 30%Zr master alloy 12kg, surplus is copper, weight 1827kg; Respectively master alloy is smashed into fritter, melt when being convenient to melting.
C, melting.
1827kg copper and covering agent for smelting (about 50kg) is added in stove, insulating covering agent thickness is advisable to reach 100mm after fusing, intensification is melted to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C and adds 160kgCu-Cr alloy, temperature is slightly fallen, within 5 minutes, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes copper liquid inflow burner carry out boiling hot burner (13 minutes), (visual content is finely tuned to stir sampling analysis chromium content, chrome content is made to be not less than 0.6%), chromium (Cr) analyze qualified after add 1kgCu-Mg alloy, be incubated and add 12kgCu-Zr alloy again after 5 minutes, be incubated about 5 minutes again, (standard-required is 0.05 ~ 0.25% to sampling analysis zr element content, on-the-spot sample analysis requires to be not less than 0.13%, otherwise carry out adding zirconium), qualified rear insulation prepares casting.
D, casting.
The body of heater that fascinates scalds burner (15 minutes) again, allowing after the abundant preheating of burner can tapping casting, and copper liquid temperature is adjusted to 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes the carbon tube of embedding burner aim at crystallizer center perpendicular to crystallizer (horizontal plane), open flow-limiting valve, copper liquid enters crystallizer cast through valve-graphite pipeline, copper liquid at crystallizer inner height for making carbon tube be immersed apart from crystallizer along 13mm.Cover bath surface with cigarette ash in crystallizer, casting temp 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, casting speed 0.9 ~ 1.2mm/s, during casting, cooling water pressure is 0.03 ~ 0.05MPa.
E, inspection.
After casting terminates, ingot casting is hung out casting well, cut sample analysis chemical composition, low power checks internal soundness, measurement size, checks surface quality, qualified rear preparation sawing.
F, sawing.
Ingot casting after passed examination is cut into neat chi as required, prepares next procedure processing and uses.
G, warehouse-in.
To be up to the standards and the ingot casting of sawing, be deposited into qualified ingot casting storage area, perform record.
Embodiment 2.
The present invention is adopted to produce ∮ 253mm circular ingot.
Requirement.
Newly make stove excessive production in early stage and be not less than 3 days, and then go to produce chrome zirconium copper alloy.
Crystallizer is circular, and diameter ∮ 258mm ingot-guiding head stretches into 1/3 position of crystallizer from ingot casting Way out.
Chrome zirconium copper alloy operating process.
Batching-shove charge-add covering agent for smelting copper alloy-melt-add copper chromium master alloy-intensification fusing-scald burner-sampling analysis-Jia copper magnesium master alloy deoxidation-add copper zirconium master alloy-leave standstill-sampling analysis, adjusting component-scald burner-casting.
Technology controlling and process.
A, baking insulating covering agent.
Covering agent for smelting copper alloy, fully dries before using, and technique is temperature 500 DEG C/5 ~ 6 hours, and oven dry terminates rear taking-up and seals stand-by.
B, charge calculation.
Select 2t medium-frequency induction furnace, always feed intake 2000kg, wherein MAGNESIUM METAL calculates by the total amount 0.01% that feeds intake, and needs Cu-20%Mg master alloy 1kg, and chromium calculates by 0.8% of total charging capacity, need Cu-10%Cr master alloy 160kg, zirconium calculates by 0.18% of total charging capacity, needs Cu-, 30%Zr master alloy 12kg, surplus is copper, weight 1827kg; Respectively master alloy is smashed into fritter, melt when being convenient to melting.
C, melting.
1827kg copper and covering agent for smelting (about 50kg) is added in stove, insulating covering agent thickness is advisable to reach 100mm after fusing, intensification is melted to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C and adds 160kgCu-Cr alloy, temperature is slightly fallen, within 5 minutes, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes copper liquid inflow burner carry out boiling hot burner (13 minutes), (visual content is finely tuned to stir sampling analysis chromium content, chrome content is made to be not less than 0.6%), chromium (Cr) analyze qualified after add 1kgCu-Mg alloy, be incubated and add 12kgCu-Zr alloy again after 5 minutes, be incubated about 5 minutes again, (standard-required is 0.05 ~ 0.25% to sampling analysis zr element content, on-the-spot sample analysis requires to be not less than 0.13%, otherwise carry out adding zirconium), qualified rear insulation prepares casting.
D, casting.
The body of heater that fascinates scalds burner (15 minutes) again, allowing after the abundant preheating of burner can tapping casting, and copper liquid temperature is adjusted to 1320 ~ 1350 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes the carbon tube of embedding burner aim at crystallizer center perpendicular to crystallizer (horizontal plane), open flow-limiting valve, copper liquid enters crystallizer cast through valve-graphite pipeline, copper liquid at crystallizer inner height for making carbon tube be immersed apart from crystallizer along 13mm.Cover bath surface with cigarette ash in crystallizer, casting temp 1320 ~ 1350 DEG C, casting speed 0.8 ~ 1.1mm/s, during casting, cooling water pressure is 0.03 ~ 0.05MPa.
E, inspection.
After casting terminates, ingot casting is hung out casting well, cut sample analysis chemical composition, low power checks internal soundness, measurement size, checks surface quality, qualified rear preparation sawing.
F, sawing.
Ingot casting after passed examination is cut into neat chi as required, prepares next procedure processing and uses.
G, warehouse-in.
To be up to the standards and the ingot casting of sawing, be deposited into qualified ingot casting storage area, perform record.
Claims (1)
1. melting and a casting C18150 alloy prior under atmospheric condition, is characterized in that there are following steps:
(1) cast stove to sinter with baking
Furnace lining material must select basic refractory, must not use the acid refractories such as silica sand, operating process: cupola drop-baking oven-sintering, process control condition:
A, cupola drop
Burner and upper furnace body adopt casting material to make, and lower furnace body adopts dry dnockout ramming, and burner and upper furnace body, upper furnace body and lower furnace body are docking integrally by burner and upper furnace body natural curing for 3 ~ 7 days again;
B, baking
Slow intensification is advisable, and avoiding heats up rapidly causes crackle and peels off, and baking terminates slow cooling;
C, sintering
The fritter electrolytic copper cut is added in stove, till filling up, then sinters;
(2) melting and casting
Newly make stove excessive production in early stage and be not less than 3 days, and then produce chrome zirconium copper alloy;
Crystallizer is circular, and ingot-guiding head stretches into 1/3 position of crystallizer from ingot casting Way out;
Chrome zirconium copper alloy operating process:
Batching-shove charge-add covering agent for smelting copper alloy-melt-add copper chromium master alloy-intensification fusing-scald burner-sampling analysis-Jia copper magnesium master alloy deoxidation-add copper zirconium master alloy-leave standstill-sampling analysis, adjusting component-scald burner-casting;
Process control condition:
A, baking insulating covering agent
Covering agent for smelting copper alloy, fully dries before using, and technique is temperature 500 DEG C/5 ~ 6 hours, and oven dry terminates rear taking-up and seals stand-by;
B, batching
MAGNESIUM METAL calculates by the total amount 0.01% that feeds intake, and chromium calculates by 0.7 ~ 0.9% of total charging capacity, and zirconium calculates by 0.15 ~ 0.20% of total charging capacity; Magnesium, chromium, zirconium make copper-20% magnesium, copper-10% chromium, copper-30% zirconium master alloy respectively, before using, master alloy are smashed into fritter, melt when being convenient to melting;
C, melting
Copper and covering agent for smelting is added in stove, insulating covering agent thickness is advisable to reach 100mm after fusing, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C add Cu-Cr alloy make it fusing, temperature reduces, within 3 ~ 5 minutes, be warming up to 1280 ~ 1320 DEG C again, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes copper liquid inflow burner carry out boiling hot burner (10 ~ 15 minutes), stir sampling analysis chromium content (visual content is finely tuned), chromium (Cr) analyze qualified after add Cu-Mg alloy, be incubated and add Cu-Zr alloy again after about 5 minutes, be incubated about 5 minutes again, sampling analysis zr element content, qualified rear insulation prepares casting,
D, casting
The body of heater that fascinates scalds burner (10 ~ 15 minutes) again, allowing after the abundant preheating of burner can tapping casting, and copper liquid temperature is adjusted to 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, at this moment the body of heater that fascinates makes the carbon tube of embedding burner aim at crystallizer center perpendicular to crystallizer (horizontal plane), open flow-limiting valve, copper liquid enters crystallizer cast through valve-graphite pipeline, copper liquid at crystallizer inner height for making carbon tube be immersed apart from crystallizer along 10 ~ 15mm, bath surface in crystallizer is covered with cigarette ash, casting temp 1300 ~ 1350 DEG C, casting speed 0.8 ~ 1.2mm/s, during casting, cooling water pressure is 0.03 ~ 0.05MPa,
E, inspection
After casting terminates, ingot casting is hung out casting well, cut sample analysis chemical composition, low power checks internal soundness, measurement size, checks surface quality, qualified rear preparation sawing;
F, sawing
Ingot casting after passed examination is cut into neat chi as required, prepares next procedure processing and uses;
G, warehouse-in
To be up to the standards and the ingot casting of sawing, be deposited into qualified ingot casting storage area, perform record.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105177343A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-12-23 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Free-cutting copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111390132A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 无锡隆达金属材料有限公司 | Anti-oxidation casting method for B30 alloy cast ingot |
| CN113390259A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnesium alloy smelting and casting integrated device |
| CN114383390A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-22 | 潍坊信合节能科技有限公司 | Medium-frequency induction diathermy furnace and medium-frequency induction diathermy furnace lining drying process |
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| CN101745791A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-23 | 浙江宏天铜业有限公司 | Non-vacuum smelting technology of copper alloy |
| CN102343424A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-08 | 大连理工大学 | Horizontal continuous casting device and method for high-conductivity and high-strength copper alloy round bar |
| CN102965527A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for preparing aluminium-chromium intermediate alloy by using chromium shavings |
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| CN101745791A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-23 | 浙江宏天铜业有限公司 | Non-vacuum smelting technology of copper alloy |
| CN102343424A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-08 | 大连理工大学 | Horizontal continuous casting device and method for high-conductivity and high-strength copper alloy round bar |
| CN102965527A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for preparing aluminium-chromium intermediate alloy by using chromium shavings |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105177343A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-12-23 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Free-cutting copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111390132A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 无锡隆达金属材料有限公司 | Anti-oxidation casting method for B30 alloy cast ingot |
| CN111390132B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 | Anti-oxidation casting method for B30 alloy cast ingot |
| CN113390259A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnesium alloy smelting and casting integrated device |
| CN113390259B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnesium alloy smelting and casting integrated device |
| CN114383390A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-22 | 潍坊信合节能科技有限公司 | Medium-frequency induction diathermy furnace and medium-frequency induction diathermy furnace lining drying process |
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