CN105543096A

CN105543096A - Directive breeding method for culturing pond diatom in fresh water

Info

Publication number: CN105543096A
Application number: CN201511020481.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晓莉; 李谷; 陶玲
Original assignee: Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS
Current assignee: Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS
Priority date: 2015-12-30
Filing date: 2015-12-30
Publication date: 2016-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-30
Also published as: CN105543096B

Abstract

The invention discloses a directive breeding method for culturing pond diatom in fresh water. By regulating the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, silicates and minor elements in the culture pond and considering the pH value and diatom inoculation concentration, favorable algal facies using diatom as the dominant species are directively bred in the pond, thereby promoting the mass reproduction of the pond diatom, preventing the outbreak of the high-yield culture pond blue algae, and increasing the culture yield. Besides, the method can effectively regulate the water quality, reduce the disease incidence rate and enhance the culture yield and culture product quality. The method is simple, does not need any supporting facility, and can be popularized and applied more easily.

Description

The directed cultivation method of freshwater aquiculture pond diatom

Technical field

The present invention relates to freshwater cultivation field, be specifically related to the directed cultivation method of freshwater aquiculture pond diatom.

Background technology

Planktonic microalgae has very important effect to the material cycle of pond culture and flow of energy, and it is for the normal function maintaining pond ecosystem, and stable pond environment is indispensable.Excellent planktonic microalgae algae is stablized population, in the process of biomass sustainable growth, can promote decomposition and the conversion of nutrient salt in water, reduce and eliminate the multiple toxic substances such as ammonia nitrogen, cultured water, organic pollutant; But also produce oxygen by photosynthesis and increase the dissolved oxygen of aquaculture water, promote the oxygenolysis of the oxygen-consuming organic matter be rich in water body.

In freshwater aquiculture, take diatom as the water body (many in dark brown or dark brown) of dominant population, one of best water surrounding being always considered to aquaculture.Cultivate with diatom be the excellent algae of sociales is the target that aquatic science and technology worker pursues mutually always.But the factor affecting growth of diatom algae comprises the many-sides such as the competition between temperature, illumination, nutritive salt, kind, be difficult to form sociales in freshwater aquiculture pond.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide the directed cultivation method of a kind of freshwater aquiculture pond diatom, utilize method provided by the invention can improve freshwater aquiculture pond diatom density, make diatom form sociales, be conducive to the sound development of aquaculture.

For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical measures:

A directed cultivation method for freshwater aquiculture pond diatom, comprising:

1) adjust the following nutritive salt index of cultivating pool water body, its final concentration scope existed:

Nitrogen content 2 ~ 20mg/L, phosphorus content 0.5 ~ 3mg/L, silicate content is 2.5 ~ 21mg/L, finally makes the scope of aquaculture water N/P ratio at 6:1 ~ 10:1.

Preferably, nitrogen content 6 ~ 12mg/L in pond waters, phosphorus content 1 ~ 1.5mg/L, silicate content is 2.5 ~ 10mg/L, finally makes the scope of aquaculture water N/P ratio at 6:1 ~ 8:1.

2) adjust below cultivating pool trace element, and the scope of its final concentration existed:

Preferably, cultivating pool trace element final concentration:

3) adjusting cultivating pool pH value is 7 ~ 8.5.

4) diatom kind of splashing in cultivating pool makes its final concentration be 0.1 ~ 0.5 × 10 ⁷cells/L;

Described diatom algae kind comprise shank algae, boat-shaped algae or little ring algae one or more, but to be not limited thereto.

5) from the inoculation, every 9 ~ 15d determination step 1) ~ 3) in refer to target value, adjustment makes each index all in step 1) ~ 3) in described scope.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

It is that the algae of sociales forms required factor mutually that the present invention has considered pond diatom, by adjusting the measure such as starting point concentration (adding algae kind) of a large amount of nutritive salt (nitrogen phosphorus) and proportioning thereof, trace element supplement, adjustment diatom, cultivating at pond interior orientation with diatom is the excellent algae phase of sociales, promote the amount reproduction of pond diatom, stop the outburst of high yielding culture blue-green algae in ponds, improve cultured output; Effectively can regulate and control water quality in addition, reduce disease and occur, improve cultured output and cultured product quality.The inventive method is simple, does not need auxiliary facility, more easily by promotion and application.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is experimental group culturing pool phosphate content schematic diagram over time in embodiment 1.

Embodiment 1:

The present embodiment carries out in circular culturing pool, and area is 12.56m ², the depth of water is 1m, and totally 6 culturing pools, are divided into 2 groups, are respectively experimental group and control group.Culturing pool water quality Raw performance is as shown in table 1.For examination algae kind shank algae (SynedraFACHB-1131) purchased from Inst. of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.Choose based on CSI substratum and test, culture condition is 25 DEG C, t (light): t (secretly)=12h:12h, illuminance be 3000lx, by algae kind in CSI culture medium culturing to logarithmic phase, for subsequent use.

Table 1 pond water quality index

The process of experimental group:

1) the nutritive salt index of cultivating pool water body is adjusted in following scope:

In pond water, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, make N:P=6:1.

2) supplement below cultivating pool trace element, make its final concentration as follows:

After above trace element is prepared, evenly splash in culturing pool.

3) adjusting cultivating pool pH value is 7 ~ 8.5.

4) diatom kind of splashing in cultivating pool makes its final concentration be 0.45 × 10 ⁷cells/L;

Described diatom algae kind is shank algae (SynedraFACHB-1131).

5) when 1d, 3d, 6d, 9d, water sampling measures water sample observation counting shank algae quantity respectively.

Control group does not carry out any process, is only 0.45 × 10 inoculating final concentration on the same day ⁷the shank algae (SynedraFACHB-1131) of cells/L.

Specifically as shown in table 1.

Table 2 shank algae growth tendency (× 10 ⁷cells/L)

Incubation time	1d	3d	6d	9d
					Control group	0.57±0.12	2.90±0.33	3.69±0.46	8.34±1.11
Experimental group	2.62±0.22	11.41±1.08	53.74±5.72	58.18±10.13

As can be seen from Table 2, embodiment 1 group is consistent with the Growth of Cells trend of control group, all along with incubation time is in rising trend, enters when 6d the phase of growing steadily, maximum cell density all appears at 9d, and the cell maximum density of embodiment 1 group reaches 58.18 × 10 ⁴cells/mL, is significantly higher than the cell density 8.34 × 10 of control group ⁴cells/mL (P<0.05).As can be seen from Figure 1, after experimental group adds phosphoric acid salt, starting point concentration becomes 1.78mg/L, and along with the change of incubation time, the growth of algae, phosphate content reduces gradually, is down to 0.50mg/L at 9d, and the change of the phosphate content of control group is not obvious.

Measure nitrogen, phosphorus, silicate and the micronutrient levels in water body during 10d, and to adjust each index be 1) ~ 3) value that step specifies, every adjustment carrying out each index for 10 days afterwards, concentration of algae can maintain 55.10 ~ 65.03 × 10 ⁴cells/mL.

Claims

1. a directed cultivation method for freshwater aquiculture pond diatom, comprising:

Nitrogen content 2 ~ 20mg/L, phosphorus content 0.5 ~ 3mg/L, silicate content is 2.5 ~ 21mg/L, finally makes the scope of aquaculture water N/P ratio at 6:1 ~ 10:1;

Fe ³⁺0.207~0.311mg/L

Mn ²⁺0.069~0.097mg/L

Zn ²⁺6.195~7.434ug/L

Mo ⁶⁺7.933~9.521ug/L

Co ²⁺1.735~2.975ug/L

3) adjusting cultivating pool pH value is 7 ~ 8.5;

5) from the inoculation, every 9 ~ 15d determination step 1) ~ 3) each finger target value, adjustment makes each index all in step 1) ~ 3) in described scope.

2. method according to claim 1, adjustment cultivating pool Water content 6 ~ 12mg/L, phosphorus content 1 ~ 1.5mg/L, silicate content is 2.5 ~ 10mg/L, finally makes the scope of aquaculture water N/P ratio at 6:1 ~ 8:1.

3. method according to claim 1, adjustment pond trace element final concentration:

Fe ³⁺0.207mg/L

Mn ²⁺0.069mg/L

Zn ²⁺7.434ug/L

Mo ⁶⁺9.521ug/L

Co ²⁺2.975ug/L。

4. method according to claim 1, described diatom algae kind comprise shank algae, boat-shaped algae or little ring algae one or more.