CN105541250B - 一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105541250B
CN105541250B CN201510952348.5A CN201510952348A CN105541250B CN 105541250 B CN105541250 B CN 105541250B CN 201510952348 A CN201510952348 A CN 201510952348A CN 105541250 B CN105541250 B CN 105541250B
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胡锦玲
王旭辉
周俊中
张建芳
于玮
胡殿海
王荭杰
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法,属于石膏板制备领域。本发明首先通过将海泡石进行粉碎,运用海泡石遇水溶胀的特性,在石膏板吸水后,堵塞石膏板存在的孔洞,同时通过聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇在制备石膏板是使其表面形成一层聚乙烯醇薄膜,有效的隔绝水汽。本发明的有益效果:本发明制备的石膏板具有轻质,防水,保温,强度高的特点;制备步骤简单,成本低。

Description

一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法,属于石膏板制备领域。
背景技术
石膏板是以建筑石膏为主要原料制成的一种材料。它是一种重量轻、强度较高、厚度较薄、加工方便以及隔音绝热和防火等性能较好的建筑材料,是当前着重发展的新型轻质板材之一。石膏板已广泛用于住宅、办公楼、商店、旅馆和工业厂房等各种建筑物的内隔墙、墙体覆面板(代替墙面抹灰层)、天花板、吸音板、地面基层板和各种装饰板等。
石膏板材多孔且石膏晶体在水中会缓慢溶解,通常在潮湿环境中使用一段时间,一方面会松散变形导致强度降低,另一方面吸水后导致导热系数增加,从而降低保温性能。石膏耐水性差使得石膏保温板材的应用受到限制,在建筑外墙等对防潮要求比较高的场合,普通保温石膏板性能不能满足使用要求,因此需要提高保温石膏的防水性能。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题:针对石膏板材且石膏晶体在水中会缓慢溶解,在潮湿环境中使用一段时间后,不仅其强度降低,而且其保温性能也被破坏的问题,提供了一种通过将海泡石进行粉碎,运用海泡石遇水溶胀的特性,在石膏板吸水后,堵塞石膏板存在的孔洞,同时通过聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇在制备石膏板是使其表面形成一层聚乙烯醇薄膜,有效的隔绝水汽的方法,本发明制备的颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板能够有效的对水份进行隔绝,能在潮湿环境中使用,同时提高了其强度,保温性能好。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案:
(1)将海泡石表面用清水洗涤3~5次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得80~100目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于95~100℃烘箱中干燥6~8h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;
(2)按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合10~15min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在30~35℃下混合搅拌反应1~2h,制备得海泡石混合液;
(3)向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至8.5~9.0,随后在转速600~800r/min下继续搅拌混合10~15min,并将其置于35~40℃下陈化2~3h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤3~5次,在60~80℃下干燥6~8h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;
(4)按重量份数计,选取30~45份聚乙烯醇,40~45份的聚乙二醇和15~25份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为20~25℃,并在600~800r/min下搅拌混合15~20min,待混合完成后,再在温度60~80℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌2~3h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;
(5)按重量份数计,选取35~55份的半水石膏粉、20~25份的去离子水、20~30份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和5~10份的步骤(3)制备的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌10~15min使其充分混合;
(6)待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于30~40℃热风干燥25~30min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。
本发明的应用:将上述制备的颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板应用于环境潮湿度较大的房间吊顶、隔墙和贴面墙,经检测,该颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板具有较高的表面防潮性能,其表面吸水率小于120g/m3
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明制备的石膏板具有轻质,防水,保温,强度高的特点;
(2)制备步骤简单,成本低。
具体实施方式
将海泡石表面用清水洗涤3~5次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得80~100目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于95~100℃烘箱中干燥6~8h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合10~15min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在30~35℃下混合搅拌反应1~2h,制备得海泡石混合液;向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至8.5~9.0,随后在转速600~800r/min下继续搅拌混合10~15min,并将其置于35~40℃下陈化2~3h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤3~5次,在60~80℃下干燥6~8h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;按重量份数计,选取30~45份聚乙烯醇,40~45份的聚乙二醇和15~25份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为20~25℃,并在600~800r/min下搅拌混合15~20min,待混合完成后,再在温度60~80℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌2~3h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;按重量份数计,选取35~55份的半水石膏粉、20~25份的去离子水、20~30份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和5~10份的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌10~15min使其充分混合;待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于30~40℃热风干燥25~30min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。
实例1
将海泡石表面用清水洗涤5次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得100目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于100℃烘箱中干燥8h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合15min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在35℃下混合搅拌反应2h,制备得海泡石混合液;向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至9.0,随后在转速800r/min下继续搅拌混合15min,并将其置于40℃下陈化3h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤5次,在80℃下干燥8h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;按重量份数计,选取45份聚乙烯醇,40份的聚乙二醇和15份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为25℃,并在800r/min下搅拌混合20min,待混合完成后,再在温度80℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌3h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;按重量份数计,选取55份的半水石膏粉、20份的去离子水、20份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和5份的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌15min使其充分混合;待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于40℃热风干燥30min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。将上述制备的颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板应用于环境潮湿度较大的房间吊顶,经检测,该颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板具有较高的表面防潮性能,其表面吸水率为100g/m3
实例2
将海泡石表面用清水洗涤3次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得80目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于95℃烘箱中干燥6h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合10min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在30℃下混合搅拌反应1h,制备得海泡石混合液;向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至8.5,随后在转速600r/min下继续搅拌混合10min,并将其置于35℃下陈化2h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤3次,在60℃下干燥6h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;按重量份数计,选取30份聚乙烯醇,45份的聚乙二醇和25份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为20℃,并在600r/min下搅拌混合15min,待混合完成后,再在温度60℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌2h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;按重量份数计,选取35份的半水石膏粉、25份的去离子水、30份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和10份的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌10min使其充分混合;待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于30℃热风干燥25min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。将上述制备的颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板应用于环境潮湿度较大的房间隔墙,经检测,该颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板具有较高的表面防潮性能,其表面吸水率为110g/m3
实例3
将海泡石表面用清水洗涤4次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得90目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于97℃烘箱中干燥7h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合12min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在32℃下混合搅拌反应1h,制备得海泡石混合液;向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至8.7,随后在转速700r/min下继续搅拌混合12min,并将其置于37℃下陈化2h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤4次,在70℃下干燥7h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;按重量份数计,选取40份聚乙烯醇,40份的聚乙二醇和20份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为22℃,并在700r/min下搅拌混合17min,待混合完成后,再在温度70℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌2.5h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;按重量份数计,选取40份的半水石膏粉、20份的去离子水、30份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和10份的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌12min使其充分混合;待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于35℃热风干燥27min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。将上述制备的颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板应用于环境潮湿度较大的房间贴面墙,经检测,该颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板具有较高的表面防潮性能,其表面吸水率为115g/m3

Claims (1)

1.一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板的制备方法,其特征在于具体制备步骤为:
(1)将海泡石表面用清水洗涤3~5次,随后将其晾干并置于粉碎机中粉碎至粒径大小为1cm的海泡石碎块,并将其置于碾压机中进行碾压并过筛,制备得80~100目的颗粒海泡石,随后将其置于95~100℃烘箱中干燥6~8h,制备得干燥海泡石颗粒;
(2)按Fe2+和Fe3+物质的量之比为1:2,将0.5mol/L的氯化铁溶液和0.8mol/L的氯化亚铁溶液搅拌混合10~15min,配置得总铁浓度为0.7mol/L的混合溶液,随后按固液质量比1:10,将上述制备的干燥海泡石颗粒添加至上述制备的溶液中,在30~35℃下混合搅拌反应1~2h,制备得海泡石混合液;
(3)向上述制得的海泡石混合液中滴加质量浓度为10%的氨水溶液,调节pH至8.5~9.0,随后在转速600~800r/min下继续搅拌混合10~15min,并将其置于35~40℃下陈化2~3h,并对其过滤并收集滤饼,随后用去离子水洗涤3~5次,在60~80℃下干燥6~8h,制备得改性颗粒海泡石,备用;
(4)按重量份数计,选取30~45份聚乙烯醇,40~45份的聚乙二醇和15~25份的聚丙烯酸进行混合,控制温度为20~25℃,并在600~800r/min下搅拌混合15~20min,待混合完成后,再在温度60~80℃下对其磁力均匀搅拌2~3h,制备得耐水改性凝胶液;
(5)按重量份数计,选取35~55份的半水石膏粉、20~25份的去离子水、20~30份的上述制备的耐水改性凝胶和5~10份的步骤(3)制备的改性海泡石,将其混合均匀制备得石膏浆料,随后继续搅拌10~15min使其充分混合;
(6)待混合完成后,将其注入不锈钢模具板中,随后将其置于30~40℃热风干燥25~30min,待干燥完成后,对其脱模处理,将石膏板取出,即可制备得一种颗粒海泡石改性防水石膏板。
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