CN105529748A - Automatic generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of power system - Google Patents
Automatic generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of power system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/36—Circuit design at the analogue level
- G06F30/367—Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of a power system. The system comprises a grid-side AGC module, a power plant-side AGC module and a unit-side AGC module, wherein the grid-side AGC module can achieve a plurality of control modes of constant frequency control, constant tieline power control, tieline and frequency deviation control and the like of AGC, and combination of various control modes between regional power grids; meanwhile, two control performance evaluation standards of an A standard and a CPS standard for automatic generation control are achieved; the grid-side AGC module is divided into different control regions according to regional total regulation power; and respective control parameters are adopted in each region. The power plant-side AGC module can distribute the regulation power among various units of a power plant according to the principles of the economy, the safety and the like. The unit-side AGC module can set a unit target power according to an output limit and an output speed change limit of each unit and arrange the power into a speed controller and a coordinated control system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power systems, be specifically related to a kind of automatic electricity generation control system and the method that are applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation.
Background technology
Automatic generation control (AutomaticGenerationControl, AGC) system belongs to the category of electric power system frequency modulation frequency modulation, on the basis of EMS (EMS) with generator group coordination and control system (CCS), a kind of electrical network closed-loop control means being control objectives with mains frequency or regional power grid dominant eigenvalues.In the AC-DC hybrid power grid of region, automatic electricity generation control system is using regional power grid as control unit, and each regional power grid AGC system controls the power plant in local area and exerting oneself of unit.Its task can be summarized as following three:
(1) maintaining system frequency is rated value, under normal steady state operating condition, its tolerance frequency deviation between positive and negative (0.05 ~ 0.2) Hz, viewing system amount of capacity and determining.
(2) the exchange power controlled between this area and other areas on interconnection is the numerical value that agreement specifies.
(3) meeting under security of system constraints, economic dispatch control (EconomicDispatchControl, EDC) is being carried out to energy output.
Along with the develop rapidly of China's power industry, regional power grid interconnected inevitable.Therefore, studying and explore regional internet system AGC control strategy and technology, guaranteeing the frequency quality of electrical network, has been the very real problem faced.
Economize allocation and transportation row mode according to the net of China's electrical network " United Dispatching, differentiated control ", network regulation is peak shaving, the cammander of frequency modulation and owner.In general, the Zhi Tiao power plant of network regulation is distributed in each main high-power station inside the province, and have good fm capacity, in network regulation controlled area general zero load district.According to this feature, along with the raising of interconnected network development and control overflow, each regional power grid has all actively used AGC to carry out the automatic control of electrical network, optimizes the running quality of electrical network, alleviates the operating pressure of dispatcher.
The service requirement of electrical network is sent out, defeated, the continuity of joining, to use etc. link, carries out lot of experiments not only labor intensive material resources, and can threaten the safety of operation of power networks in actual electric network.Therefore, in order to study electrical network normally run with fault after the strategy of automatic electricity generation control system and control characteristic thereof on the impact of electrical network, adopting the method for Power System Time Domain Simulation Under to carry out analyzing is a kind of important means.
In electric power system full dynamic simulation, AGC can carry out the research of following aspect to the large-scale area electrical network of alternating current-direct current series-parallel connection:
(1) ability of regulation and control to frequency and region dominant eigenvalues electrical network tackles load change at random in day-to-day operation is studied.
(2) study AC system to be short-circuited fault and the regulating characteristics of AGC and research and checking AGC control strategy under cutting machine, cutting load situation.
(3) there is the Cooperation Strategy of the AGC regulating characteristics after single bipolar locking and AGC and FLC (frequency limitation control) in researching DC.
(4) Study system primary frequency modulation, frequency modulation frequency modulation reserve capacity and distribution for subsequent use are on the impact of electric grid secondary frequency modulation effect.
(5) AGC system key parameter (as B coefficient, dead band, the gain coefficient etc.) impact on secondary system frequency modulation is studied; B coefficient and electrical network natural frequency corresponding coefficient (BXISHU).
In existing time-domain-simulation software, power system computation analysis software package (PSD-BPA), Based on Power System Analysis Software Package (powersystemanalysessoftwarepackage, etc. PSASP) transient stability computation program is applicable to the dynamic process calculating level second, the adjustment process for AGC system design minute and the simulation velocity of hour level process and precision all restricted; Full dynamic simulation program has the ability of variable step emulation, can meet the needs of AGC research in the completeness of simulation velocity and model.In existing full dynamic simulation program, there is the model of AGC system, but all there is limitation in 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, well can not adapt to the AGC system of the actual use of electric power system, especially based on the AGC system of OPEN3000.
Therefore, along with the extensive use of automatic electricity generation control system in electric power system production run, the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of AGC system there has also been significant progress, needs the automatic electricity generation control system that exploitation and 26S Proteasome Structure and Function that is perfect and existing AGC system match in electric system simulation program.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is the feature of structure in conjunction with AGC system and Power System Dynamic Simulation program, on the former in harness basis of full dynamic simulation program, a kind of automatic electricity generation control system and the method that are applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation are proposed, to mate the AGC system of practical power systems on 26S Proteasome Structure and Function better, and the regulating characteristics of AGC system after electrical network normally runs and receives disturbance can be emulated more exactly.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation, this automatic electricity generation control system comprises grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module, wherein:
Grid side AGC module, for gathering and the frequency of zoning electrical network and region Tie line Power, the total regulating power in zoning and district control deviation power, and select different control strategies according to the total regulating power in region, calculate and the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that range of distribution AGC Zhong Ge power plant or unit are born, and be issued to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit AGC module;
Power Plant Side AGC module, for receiving the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that grid side AGC module sends, according to the strategy such as economy and fail safe of set reformation each in power plant, by platform unit every in this expectation power division to power plant, and be handed down to the unit side AGC module of each unit;
Unit side AGC module, expects power for the AGC receiving grid side AGC module or the transmission of Power Plant Side AGC module, through the process of the link such as amplitude limit, rate limit, calculates the target power of this unit, be issued to Coordinated Control Systems or speed regulator.
In such scheme, this grid side AGC module comprises filter module, district control deviation computing module, the total regulating power computing module in region, dynamic dead zone module, AGC net side control strategy selection module and grid side AGC controller, wherein:
Filter module, for the mains frequency of filtering external input and the high fdrequency component of dominant eigenvalues, the mains frequency after output filtering and dominant eigenvalues are to district control deviation computing module;
District control deviation computing module, for according to receive filtered mains frequency and dominant eigenvalues zoning control deviation (ACE) numerical value, export grid side AGC controller to, and export filtered mains frequency and dominant eigenvalues and ACE numerical value to region total regulating power computing module in the lump;
The total regulating power computing module in region, for adopting the ACE numerical value of reception, mains frequency and the total regulating power P in dominant eigenvalues zoning
r, and export dynamic dead zone module to;
Dynamic dead zone module, for carrying out the judgement in dead band according to the total regulating power of current time and the region in preorder moment, and will through the total regulating power P in the revised region of dead band link
rbe input to AGC and net side control strategy selection module;
AGC nets side control strategy and selects module, for according to the total regulating power P in revised region
rcarry out the examination of CPS standard (controlperformancestandard), and judge the controller controlled area residing for AGC, the controlled area instruction of current AGC controller is sent to grid side AGC controller;
Grid side AGC controller, for being received from the ACE numerical value of district control deviation computing module according to current controlled area instruction process, exporting total expectation regulating power of all units in electrical network, and is assigned to corresponding Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module.
In such scheme, the total regulating power P in total regulating power computing module zoning, described region
radopt following formula:
Wherein, P
pfor the proportional component in regulating power, P
ifor the quadrature components in regulating power, P
cPSfor the CPS component in regulating power; G
pfor proportional gain factor, under A control strategy, value is slightly larger than 1, to ensure ACE zero passage, directly can get 1 under CPS control strategy; E
aCEfor ACE value; G
ifor integration gain factor; I
aCEfor the ACE integrated value that the current examination period is accumulative, unit MWh; G
cPSfor frequency gain coefficient, unit MW/0.1Hz; Δ F is frequency departure, unit Hz.
In such scheme, this Power Plant Side AGC module comprises reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, expects that power distribution strategies is selected module and expects power division module, wherein:
Reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, for gathering each unit reserve capacity and previous unallocated power, calculate total reserve capacity and total unallocated power, and export expectation power distribution strategies selection module to and expect power division module;
Expecting that power distribution strategies selects module, for selecting to expect power distribution strategies between unit according to the power of the assembling unit distribution principle of current unit output and setting, distributing for power division controller;
Expecting power division module, for distributing power plant total expectation power between each unit, the expectation power of each unit being issued to each unit side AGC control module.
In such scheme, this unit side AGC module comprises instruction and issues control module, the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit, power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module and unit regulating power mode controller, wherein:
Instruction issues control module, for expecting the deviation of power and actual treatment according to unit mechanical output and expectation power calculation unit, if deviation is less than the threshold value preset, then expect that power does not issue in this control cycle, if be greater than threshold value, then expectation power is issued to the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit;
The upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit, for carrying out amplitude limit to expectation power, the restriction up and down making expectation power be no more than unit mechanical output to exert oneself;
Power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module, for limiting the speed of expectation changed power, if expect, the variable quantity of power exceeded in this cycle expects that power allows the maximum changed, then will expect that Power Limitation is in the maximum allowing change;
Unit regulating power mode controller, for bearing logic by expecting that power transfer is the target instruction target word power of unit CCS system or speed regulator according to current group setup to what expect power, is issued in CCS system or speed regulator.
For achieving the above object, present invention also offers a kind of automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation, be applied to described automatic electricity generation control system, the method comprises:
Step 1: first, automatic electricity generation control system is divided into following three parts according to 26S Proteasome Structure and Function: grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 2: judge whether simulation time arrives the start-up time of automatic electricity generation control system setting, if reach, then carry out step 3; If do not reach, then wait for that the next cycle processes again;
Step 3: the grid side AGC module of automatic electricity generation control system, in simulation process, often through a sampling period, judges the frequency f of sampling AGC region electrical network and the exchange power P of interregional interconnection according to control model;
Step 4: judge whether automatic electricity generation control system meets time-out condition, if the frequency of automatic electricity generation control system region electrical network and the deviation delta f of rated frequency are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, or the exchange power of interregional interconnection and the deviation of unscheduled power are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, then automatic electricity generation control system suspends, proceed to suspended state, return step 2 and wait for that instruction cycle next time processes; If do not meet time-out condition, then carry out step 5; If automatic electricity generation control system is in halted state, and current time judges that automatic electricity generation control system does not meet the condition suspended, then proceed to running status by halted state;
Step 5: ask for the total regulating power in region, P
r=P
p+ P
i+ P
cPS;
Step 6: by the frequency of collection, power signal and ACE, P of calculating
rthe value AGC sent in grid side AGC module net side control strategy and select module to process, judge whether current AGC system meets the requirement of Region control Performance Evaluating Indexes, and with this, pattern of control system and strategy adjusted;
Step 7: the grid side AGC controller in grid side AGC module is according to the total regulating power P in region
rzoning electrical network always expects power adjustments amount;
Step 8: participate in the power plant of frequency modulation frequency modulation and the quantity of unit and rated capacity in the statistical regions in grid side AGC module, according to weight factor, regional power grid is always expected that power adjustments amount is assigned to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 9: Power Plant Side AGC module adopts certain distribution principle, is realizing the distribution of regulated quantity between unit belonging to power plant;
Step 10: according to the power bound of unit and the maximum variable quantity of unit target power in power of the assembling unit rate of change this cycle of limit calculation, if target power exceedes maximum variable quantity, then target power is limited in given maximum, if do not exceed maximum variable quantity, then carry out step 11;
Step 11: the unit target power signal after restriction of exerting oneself is sent to Coordinated Control Systems or speed regulator;
Step 12: return step 2 and sample next time.
In such scheme, area power deviation dead band adopts dynamic dead zone to calculate, and when regulating power is in static dead band, dynamic dead zone is positioned at urgent regulatory region lower limit threshold P
e; When regulating power crosses static dead band, dynamic dead zone with given time constant T to static dead band threshold P
dchange, finally rests on P
don; Once regulating power gets back to static dead band, no matter dynamic dead zone is positioned at where, gets back to P all immediately
e.
In such scheme, automatic electricity generation control system starts after the emulation making time of setting; For each automatic electricity generation control system, be setting automatic generation control from emulation after moment of putting into operation, automatic generation control is in suspended state before this.
In such scheme, the control model of automatic electricity generation control system has the logic of automatic switchover: the control model of automatic electricity generation control system has permanent FREQUENCY CONTROL (FFC), permanent dominant eigenvalues control (FTC) and interconnection and frequency bias control (TBC), after the frequency departure of automatic electricity generation control system or dominant eigenvalues deviation reach set point, can logically by a kind of control mode switch to another kind of control model.
In such scheme, for different controlled areas, automatic generation control main website PID controller adopts different pid control parameters; According to region total deviation power P
rvalue from small to large, the controlled area of automatic generation control is divided into dead band, normal district, secondary urgent district, urgent district, in each controlled area, automatic generation control main station controller adopts different pid control parameters.
In such scheme, for same set of emulated data, can set up and overlap automatic electricity generation control system more, separate between automatic electricity generation control system: by filling in the data of many cover automatic electricity generation control systems, can set up and overlap independently automatic electricity generation control system more, distinguish with automatic generation control name identification between each automatic electricity generation control system.
In such scheme, there is in automatic electricity generation control system level of factory AGC Controlling model, the power instruction that grid side AGC module issues directly is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC module, or be directly handed down to unit side AGC module, wherein: Power Plant Side AGC module distributes the target power of each unit in field of points according to economy and principle of sound accounting; Fill in corresponding power plant parameter in Power Plant Side AGC module after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller; Fill in corresponding unit parameter in the AGC module of unit side after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to unit side AGC controller; When unit side AGC module and Power Plant Side unit side AGC module all fill in parameter, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller.
(3) beneficial effect
This automatic electricity generation control system and the method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention, 26S Proteasome Structure and Function mates the AGC system of practical power systems better, and the regulating characteristics of AGC system after electrical network normally runs and receives disturbance can be emulated more exactly, specifically the present invention has the following advantages:
1, this automatic electricity generation control system comprises grid side, Power Plant Side, three grades, unit side AGC model;
2, grid side can realize the permanent FREQUENCY CONTROL (FFC) of AGC, permanent dominant eigenvalues controls (FTC) and the multiple control modes such as interconnection and frequency bias control (TBC), and the combination of various control modes between regional power grid.Achieve A standard and CPS standard two kinds of control performance assessment criterias of automatic generation control simultaneously, be divided into different control areas according to the total regulating power in region, in each region, take respective controling parameters;
3, Power Plant Side model can distribute regulating power according to the principle such as economy and fail safe between each unit of power plant;
4, unit side form type can according to exert oneself restriction and the velocity variations restriction of exerting oneself of unit, setting unit target power, and is arranged in speed regulator and coordinated control system by power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that AGC control area provided by the invention divides.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram asking for regulating power dynamic dead zone provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation being applicable to the automatic electricity generation control system of Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of grid side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Power Plant Side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of unit side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The present invention is the feature of structure in conjunction with AGC system and Power System Dynamic Simulation program, on the former in harness basis of full dynamic simulation program, proposes a kind of automatic electricity generation control system and the method that are applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation.Below first introduce and of the present inventionly realize principle.
(1) execution of instruction cycle:
In the AGC system of actual motion, the moment is performed in each instruction cycle of default, the frequency of AGC data processing module pickup area electrical network from data acquisition and supervisor control (SupervisoryControlAndDataAcquisition, SCADA) processes with exchanging the signals such as power and importing in AGC system.And in electric power system time domain dynamic simulation computational process, the calculating that simulated program carries out single step according to certain step-length solves, the moment that single step calculates not necessarily calculates the moment and overlaps completely with the AGC instruction cycle.Therefore in simulated program, add event processing mechanism, execution moment instruction cycle to AGC once solves calculating separately, and strategy process and the instruction of carrying out current time AGC system issue.
(2) the asking for of the total regulating power in region
Be applicable in the automatic electricity generation control system of Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention, adopt the total regulating power P in region
rinstead of district control deviation (ACE) controls the sign of amount of unbalance as region AGC.The total regulating power in region adopts following computational methods:
Wherein, P
pfor the proportional component in regulating power, P
ifor the quadrature components in regulating power, P
cPSfor the CPS component in regulating power.G
pfor proportional gain factor, under A control strategy, value is slightly larger than 1, to ensure ACE zero passage, directly can get 1 under CPS control strategy; E
aCEfor the value of ACE; G
ifor integration gain factor; I
aCEfor the ACE integrated value that the current examination period is accumulative, unit MWh; G
cPSfor frequency gain coefficient, unit MW/0.1Hz; Δ F is frequency departure, unit Hz.
(3) AGC control area divides
By the total regulating power P in region
rthe size of (but not district control deviation ACE) and given static gates threshold value, be divided into control area:
Dead band (DEADBAND)
Normal regulating district (NORMAL)
Secondary urgent regulatory region (ASSISTANTEMERGENCY) also claims urgent auxiliary adjustment district
Urgent regulatory region (EMERGENCY)
In A1, A2 control criterion, ACE is the unique objects that AGC controls, and thus directly can divide AGC control area, by P by the size of ACE absolute value
rit is also consistent for dividing AGC control area result with ACE.CPS control strategy will consider ACE and frequency deviation F two factors, and these two factors are all embodied in the total regulating power P in region
rin, should by P
rthe size of absolute value divides AGC control area.Its threshold value uses P respectively
d, P
a, P
erepresent, as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that AGC control area provided by the invention divides.Except P
routside dead band, all issue control command, control objectives is P
rbe zero.
(4) the asking for of regulating power dynamic dead zone
Due to P
radjustment target residence at dead band P
d, so change the disturbance to system frequently in order to avoid regulating power near the threshold of dead band, dynamic dead zone is employed to the total regulating power in region, only has as regulating power P
rabsolute value when being greater than dynamic dead zone, just issue AGC control command.As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram asking for regulating power dynamic dead zone provided by the invention to the Changing Pattern of dynamic dead zone.In Fig. 2, when regulating power is in static dead band, dynamic dead zone is positioned at urgent regulatory region lower limit threshold P
e.When regulating power crosses static dead band, dynamic dead zone with given time constant T (general 8 ~ 16 seconds) to static dead band threshold P
dchange, finally rests on P
don.The value of right times constant T is very important, and it illustrates works as P
rduring unexpected increase, how long, dynamic dead zone is from P
edrop to P
d.Once regulating power gets back to static dead band, no matter dynamic dead zone is positioned at where, gets back to P all immediately
e.
(5) A1/A2 standard index calculates
Be applicable in the automatic electricity generation control system of Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention, make the calculating carrying out A standard index with the following method:
a1: judge currently whether occur AGC zero passage at each emulation cycle, and the moment whether occurring zero passage before the moment instruction cycle statistics of AGC in 10 minutes, if exist, then current A1 qualified, if do not exist, A1 index is defective.
a2: the ACE mean value in 10 minutes calculate current time in each emulation cycle before, and judge ACE mean value whether in the scope of+LD in moment instruction cycle of AGC, if do not exceed this scope, then A2 qualified, on the contrary then A2 index is defective.
(6) CPS standard index calculates
Be applicable in the automatic electricity generation control system of Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention, make the calculating carrying out CPS standard index with the following method:
The requirement of CPS qualified is as shown by the equation:
AVG
period[ACE
AVE-min×DF
AVE-min/(10B
i)]≤ε
1 2
In formula: AVG
period[] is for average to the value in bracket.ACE
aVE-minbe the mean value of 1 minute ACE; Δ F
aVE-minbe the mean value of one minute frequency departure; B
ifor the deviation factor of control area; ε
1for interconnected network is to the root mean square control objectives value of annual 1 minute frequency averaging deviation.
Judge whether above formula is set up in moment instruction cycle of AGC, if set up, then the qualified of CPS; If be false, then the index of CPS is defective.
(7) exert oneself restriction and the rate of change restriction of exerting oneself of unit sidelong glance mark power instruction
When the expectation power of grid side or Power Plant Side model is issued to unit side form type, unit side form type can carry out amplitude limiting processing according to the situation of exerting oneself of current unit to target power:
If current expectation power exceedes the upper limit or lower limit that machine unit speed regulating device exerts oneself, then target power is remained on the upper lower limit value that machine unit speed regulating device is exerted oneself;
If the departure absolute value of current expectation power and unit actual machine power has exceeded the maximum at this AGC instruction cycle internal object changed power of being converted out by unit maximum power regulations speed, then target power is changed according to this maximum.
(8) overlap the realization of AGC more
In the simulation calculation of overall process program, calling of AGC model realizes by filling in the corresponding model parameter card of AGC in dynamic stability data.When between needs survey region during interconnected network, often need to set up many cover regions AGC model to study frequency adjustment between interconnected network and Power Exchange problem.In a program, by identifying the mark title of AGC card, AGC card can be divided into the parameter of overlapping independently AGC system more, thus set up and overlap independently AGC model more, in respective model, perform respective AGC control strategy.
Principle is realized based on above-mentioned, Fig. 3 shows the structural representation being applicable to the automatic electricity generation control system of Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention, this automatic electricity generation control system comprises grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module, wherein:
Grid side AGC module, for gathering and the frequency of zoning electrical network and region Tie line Power, the total regulating power in zoning and district control deviation power, and select different control strategies according to the total regulating power in region, calculate and the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that range of distribution AGC Zhong Ge power plant or unit are born, and be issued to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit AGC module;
Power Plant Side AGC module, for receiving the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that grid side AGC module sends, according to the strategy such as economy and fail safe of set reformation each in power plant, by platform unit every in this expectation power division to power plant, and be handed down to the unit side AGC module of each unit;
Unit side AGC module, AGC for receiving grid side AGC module or the transmission of Power Plant Side AGC module expects power, through the process of the link such as amplitude limit, rate limit, calculate the target power of this unit, be issued to Coordinated Control Systems (CCS) or speed regulator.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of grid side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3, and this grid side AGC module comprises filter module, district control deviation computing module, the total regulating power computing module in region, dynamic dead zone module, AGC net side control strategy selection module and grid side AGC controller.Wherein, filter module is used for the mains frequency of filtering external input and the high fdrequency component of dominant eigenvalues, and the mains frequency after output filtering and dominant eigenvalues are to district control deviation computing module; District control deviation computing module is used for calculating ACE numerical value according to the filtered mains frequency received and dominant eigenvalues, export grid side AGC controller to, and export filtered mains frequency and dominant eigenvalues and ACE numerical value to region total regulating power computing module in the lump; Region total regulating power computing module adopts the ACE numerical value, mains frequency and the total regulating power P in dominant eigenvalues zoning that receive
r, and export dynamic dead zone module to; Dynamic dead zone module carries out the judgement in dead band according to the total regulating power of current time and the region in preorder moment, and will through the total regulating power P in the revised region of dead band link
rbe input to AGC and net side control strategy selection module; AGC nets side control strategy and selects module according to the total regulating power P in revised region
rcarry out the examination of CPS standard, and judge the controller controlled area residing for AGC, the controlled area instruction of current AGC controller is sent to grid side AGC controller; Grid side AGC controller is received from the ACE numerical value of district control deviation computing module according to current controlled area instruction process, exports total expectation regulating power of all units in electrical network, and is assigned to corresponding Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module.
As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Power Plant Side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3, and this Power Plant Side AGC module comprises reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, expects that power distribution strategies is selected module and expects power division module.Wherein, reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, for gathering each unit reserve capacity and previous unallocated power, calculate total reserve capacity and total unallocated power, and export expectation power distribution strategies selection module to and expect power division module; Expecting that power distribution strategies selects module for selecting to expect power distribution strategies between unit according to the power of the assembling unit distribution principle of current unit output and setting, distributing for power division controller; Expect that power division module for distributing power plant total expectation power between each unit, is issued to each unit side AGC control module by the expectation power of each unit.
As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is the structural representation of unit side AGC module in the automatic electricity generation control system shown in Fig. 3, and this unit side AGC module comprises instruction and issues control module, the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit, power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module and unit regulating power mode controller.Wherein, instruction issues control module for expecting the deviation of power and actual treatment according to unit mechanical output and expectation power calculation unit, if deviation is less than the threshold value preset, then expect that power does not issue in this control cycle, if be greater than threshold value, then expectation power is issued to the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit; The upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit is used for carrying out amplitude limit, the restriction up and down making expectation power be no more than unit mechanical output to exert oneself to expectation power; Power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module is used for expecting that the speed of changed power limits, if expect, the variable quantity of power exceeded in this cycle expects that power allows the maximum of change, then will expect that Power Limitation is in the maximum allowing change, unit regulating power mode controller bears logic by expecting that power transfer is the target instruction target word power of unit CCS system or speed regulator according to current group setup to what expect power, is issued in CCS system or speed regulator.
Based on the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation that the invention described above provides, the present invention also provides a kind of automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation, in the time domain method emulation of electric system simulation, the calculating of AGC model is a calculating link in time domain method emulation, as shown in Figures 3 to 6, this automatic power generation control method comprises the steps:
Step 1: first, automatic electricity generation control system is divided into following three parts according to 26S Proteasome Structure and Function: grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 2: judge whether simulation time arrives the start-up time of automatic electricity generation control system setting, if reach, then carry out step 3; If do not reach, then wait for that the next cycle processes again;
Step 3: the grid side AGC module of automatic electricity generation control system, in simulation process, often through a sampling period, judges the frequency f of sampling AGC region electrical network and the exchange power P of interregional interconnection according to control model;
Step 4: judge whether automatic electricity generation control system meets time-out condition, if the frequency of automatic electricity generation control system region electrical network and the deviation delta f of rated frequency are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, or the exchange power of interregional interconnection and the deviation of unscheduled power are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, then automatic electricity generation control system suspends, proceed to suspended state, return step 2 and wait for that instruction cycle next time processes; If do not meet time-out condition, then carry out step 5; If automatic electricity generation control system is in halted state, and current time judges that automatic electricity generation control system does not meet the condition suspended, then proceed to running status by halted state;
Step 5: ask for the total regulating power in region, P
r=P
p+ P
i+ P
cPS;
Step 6: by the frequency of collection, power signal and ACE, P of calculating
rthe value AGC sent in grid side AGC module net side control strategy and select module to process, judge whether current AGC system meets the requirement of Region control Performance Evaluating Indexes, and with this, pattern of control system and strategy adjusted;
Step 7: the grid side AGC controller in grid side AGC module is according to the total regulating power P in region
rzoning electrical network always expects power adjustments amount;
Step 8: participate in the power plant of frequency modulation frequency modulation and the quantity of unit and rated capacity in the statistical regions in grid side AGC module, according to weight factor, regional power grid is always expected that power adjustments amount is assigned to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 9: Power Plant Side AGC module adopts certain distribution principle, is realizing the distribution of regulated quantity between unit belonging to power plant;
Step 10: according to the power bound of unit and the maximum variable quantity of unit target power in power of the assembling unit rate of change this cycle of limit calculation, if target power exceedes maximum variable quantity, then target power is limited in given maximum, if do not exceed maximum variable quantity, then carry out step 11;
Step 11: the unit target power signal after restriction of exerting oneself is sent to Coordinated Control Systems or speed regulator;
Step 12: return step 2 and sample next time.
In the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation provided by the invention and method, area power deviation dead band adopts dynamic dead zone to calculate, and when regulating power is in static dead band, dynamic dead zone is positioned at urgent regulatory region lower limit threshold P
e; When regulating power crosses static dead band, dynamic dead zone changes to static dead band threshold PD with given time constant T, finally rests on P
don; Once regulating power gets back to static dead band, no matter dynamic dead zone is positioned at where, gets back to P all immediately
e.
Automatic electricity generation control system starts after the emulation making time of setting; For each automatic electricity generation control system, be setting automatic generation control from emulation after moment of putting into operation, automatic generation control is in suspended state before this.
The control model of automatic electricity generation control system has the logic of automatic switchover: the control model of automatic electricity generation control system has FFC, FTC and TBC, after the frequency departure of automatic electricity generation control system or dominant eigenvalues deviation reach set point, can logically by a kind of control mode switch to another kind of control model.
For different controlled areas, automatic generation control main website PID controller (ratio, integration, derivative controller) adopts different pid control parameters; According to region total deviation power P
rvalue from small to large, the controlled area of automatic generation control is divided into dead band, normal district, secondary urgent district, urgent district, in each controlled area, automatic generation control main station controller adopts different pid control parameters.
For same set of emulated data, can set up and overlap automatic electricity generation control system more, separate between automatic electricity generation control system: by filling in the data of many cover automatic electricity generation control systems, can set up and overlap independently automatic electricity generation control system more, distinguish with automatic generation control name identification between each automatic electricity generation control system.
There is in automatic electricity generation control system level of factory AGC Controlling model, the power instruction that grid side AGC module issues directly is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC module, or be directly handed down to unit side AGC module, wherein: Power Plant Side AGC module distributes the target power of each unit in field of points according to economy and principle of sound accounting; Fill in corresponding power plant parameter in Power Plant Side AGC module after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller; Fill in corresponding unit parameter in the AGC module of unit side after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to unit side AGC controller; When unit side AGC module and Power Plant Side unit side AGC module all fill in parameter, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. be applicable to an automatic electricity generation control system for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterized in that, this automatic electricity generation control system comprises grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module, wherein:
Grid side AGC module, for gathering and the frequency of zoning electrical network and region Tie line Power, the total regulating power in zoning and district control deviation power, and select different control strategies according to the total regulating power in region, calculate and the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that range of distribution AGC Zhong Ge power plant or unit are born, and be issued to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit AGC module;
Power Plant Side AGC module, for receiving the expectation power carrying out AGC adjustment that grid side AGC module sends, according to the strategy such as economy and fail safe of set reformation each in power plant, by platform unit every in this expectation power division to power plant, and be handed down to the unit side AGC module of each unit;
Unit side AGC module, expects power for the AGC receiving grid side AGC module or the transmission of Power Plant Side AGC module, through the process of the link such as amplitude limit, rate limit, calculates the target power of this unit, be issued to Coordinated Control Systems or speed regulator.
2. the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this grid side AGC module comprises filter module, district control deviation computing module, the total regulating power computing module in region, dynamic dead zone module, AGC net side control strategy selection module and grid side AGC controller, wherein:
Filter module, for the mains frequency of filtering external input and the high fdrequency component of dominant eigenvalues, the mains frequency after output filtering and dominant eigenvalues are to district control deviation computing module;
District control deviation computing module, for calculating ACE numerical value according to the filtered mains frequency received and dominant eigenvalues, export grid side AGC controller to, and export filtered mains frequency and dominant eigenvalues and ACE numerical value to region total regulating power computing module in the lump;
The total regulating power computing module in region, for adopting the ACE numerical value of reception, mains frequency and the total regulating power P in dominant eigenvalues zoning
r, and export dynamic dead zone module to;
Dynamic dead zone module, for carrying out the judgement in dead band according to the total regulating power of current time and the region in preorder moment, and will through the total regulating power P in the revised region of dead band link
rbe input to AGC and net side control strategy selection module;
AGC nets side control strategy and selects module, for according to the total regulating power P in revised region
rcarry out the examination of CPS standard, and judge the controller controlled area residing for AGC, the controlled area instruction of current AGC controller is sent to grid side AGC controller;
Grid side AGC controller, for being received from the ACE numerical value of district control deviation computing module according to current controlled area instruction process, exporting total expectation regulating power of all units in electrical network, and is assigned to corresponding Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module.
3. the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the total regulating power P in total regulating power computing module zoning, described region
radopt following formula:
Wherein, P
pfor the proportional component in regulating power, P
ifor the quadrature components in regulating power, P
cPSfor the CPS component in regulating power; G
pfor proportional gain factor, under A control strategy, value is slightly larger than 1, to ensure ACE zero passage, directly can get 1 under CPS control strategy; E
aCEfor ACE value; G
ifor integration gain factor; I
aCEfor the ACE integrated value that the current examination period is accumulative, unit MWh; G
cPSfor frequency gain coefficient, unit MW/0.1Hz; Δ F is frequency departure, unit Hz.
4. the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this Power Plant Side AGC module comprises reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, expects that power distribution strategies is selected module and expects power division module, wherein:
Reserve capacity and power deviation computing module, for gathering each unit reserve capacity and previous unallocated power, calculate total reserve capacity and total unallocated power, and export expectation power distribution strategies selection module to and expect power division module;
Expecting that power distribution strategies selects module, for selecting to expect power distribution strategies between unit according to the power of the assembling unit distribution principle of current unit output and setting, distributing for power division controller;
Expecting power division module, for distributing power plant total expectation power between each unit, the expectation power of each unit being issued to each unit side AGC control module.
5. the automatic electricity generation control system being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this unit side AGC module comprises instruction and issues control module, the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit, power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module and unit regulating power mode controller, wherein:
Instruction issues control module, for expecting the deviation of power and actual treatment according to unit mechanical output and expectation power calculation unit, if deviation is less than the threshold value preset, then expect that power does not issue in this control cycle, if be greater than threshold value, then expectation power is issued to the upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit;
The upper and lower clipping module of the power of the assembling unit, for carrying out amplitude limit to expectation power, the restriction up and down making expectation power be no more than unit mechanical output to exert oneself;
Power of the assembling unit rate variation limiting module, for limiting the speed of expectation changed power, if expect, the variable quantity of power exceeded in this cycle expects that power allows the maximum changed, then will expect that Power Limitation is in the maximum allowing change;
Unit regulating power mode controller, for bearing logic by expecting that power transfer is the target instruction target word power of unit CCS system or speed regulator according to current group setup to what expect power, is issued in CCS system or speed regulator.
6. be applicable to an automatic power generation control method for Power System Dynamic Simulation, be applied to the automatic electricity generation control system according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Step 1: first, automatic electricity generation control system is divided into following three parts according to 26S Proteasome Structure and Function: grid side AGC module, Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 2: judge whether simulation time arrives the start-up time of automatic electricity generation control system setting, if reach, then carry out step 3; If do not reach, then wait for that the next cycle processes again;
Step 3: the grid side AGC module of automatic electricity generation control system, in simulation process, often through a sampling period, judges the frequency f of sampling AGC region electrical network and the exchange power P of interregional interconnection according to control model;
Step 4: judge whether automatic electricity generation control system meets time-out condition, if the frequency of automatic electricity generation control system region electrical network and the deviation delta f of rated frequency are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, or the exchange power of interregional interconnection and the deviation of unscheduled power are greater than the threshold value that AGC suspends, then automatic electricity generation control system suspends, proceed to suspended state, return step 2 and wait for that instruction cycle next time processes; If do not meet time-out condition, then carry out step 5; If automatic electricity generation control system is in halted state, and current time judges that automatic electricity generation control system does not meet the condition suspended, then proceed to running status by halted state;
Step 5: ask for the total regulating power in region, P
r=P
p+ P
i+ P
cPS;
Step 6: by the frequency of collection, power signal and ACE, P of calculating
rthe value AGC sent in grid side AGC module net side control strategy and select module to process, judge whether current AGC system meets the requirement of Region control Performance Evaluating Indexes, and with this, pattern of control system and strategy adjusted;
Step 7: the grid side AGC controller in grid side AGC module is according to the total regulating power P in region
rzoning electrical network always expects power adjustments amount;
Step 8: participate in the power plant of frequency modulation frequency modulation and the quantity of unit and rated capacity in the statistical regions in grid side AGC module, according to weight factor, regional power grid is always expected that power adjustments amount is assigned to Power Plant Side AGC module and unit side AGC module;
Step 9: Power Plant Side AGC module adopts certain distribution principle, is realizing the distribution of regulated quantity between unit belonging to power plant;
Step 10: according to the power bound of unit and the maximum variable quantity of unit target power in power of the assembling unit rate of change this cycle of limit calculation, if target power exceedes maximum variable quantity, then target power is limited in given maximum, if do not exceed maximum variable quantity, then carry out step 11;
Step 11: the unit target power signal after restriction of exerting oneself is sent to Coordinated Control Systems or speed regulator;
Step 12: return step 2 and sample next time.
7. the automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, area power deviation dead band adopts dynamic dead zone to calculate, and when regulating power is in static dead band, dynamic dead zone is positioned at urgent regulatory region lower limit threshold P
e; When regulating power crosses static dead band, dynamic dead zone with given time constant T to static dead band threshold P
dchange, finally rests on P
don; Once regulating power gets back to static dead band, no matter dynamic dead zone is positioned at where, gets back to P all immediately
e.
8. the automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, is characterized in that, automatic electricity generation control system starts after the emulation making time of setting; For each automatic electricity generation control system, be setting automatic generation control from emulation after moment of putting into operation, automatic generation control is in suspended state before this.
9. the automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the control model of automatic electricity generation control system has the logic of automatic switchover:
The control model of automatic electricity generation control system has FFC, FTC and TBC, after the frequency departure of automatic electricity generation control system or dominant eigenvalues deviation reach set point, can logically by a kind of control mode switch to another kind of control model.
10. the automatic power generation control method being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, is characterized in that, for different controlled areas, automatic generation control main website PID controller adopts different pid control parameters; According to region total deviation power P
rvalue from small to large, the controlled area of automatic generation control is divided into dead band, normal district, secondary urgent district, urgent district, in each controlled area, automatic generation control main station controller adopts different pid control parameters.
11. automatic power generation control methods being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, is characterized in that, for same set of emulated data, can set up and overlap automatic electricity generation control system more, separate between automatic electricity generation control system:
By filling in the data of many cover automatic electricity generation control systems, can set up and overlap independently automatic electricity generation control system more, distinguishing with automatic generation control name identification between each automatic electricity generation control system.
12. automatic power generation control methods being applicable to Power System Dynamic Simulation according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, there is in automatic electricity generation control system level of factory AGC Controlling model, the power instruction that grid side AGC module issues directly is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC module, or be directly handed down to unit side AGC module, wherein:
Power Plant Side AGC module distributes the target power of each unit in field of points according to economy and principle of sound accounting; Fill in corresponding power plant parameter in Power Plant Side AGC module after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller;
Fill in corresponding unit parameter in the AGC module of unit side after, grid side AGC target power is handed down to unit side AGC controller;
When unit side AGC module and Power Plant Side unit side AGC module all fill in parameter, grid side AGC target power is handed down to Power Plant Side AGC controller.
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