CN110687385A - Grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment - Google Patents
Grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment, which comprises the steps of collecting main parameter states of power grid frequency, regional control deviation and the like, and judging whether a power grid is in a relatively stable state; collecting and monitoring the state of a grid-connected unit, and selecting the grid-connected unit in a relatively stable state; sequentially carrying out remote frequency disturbance test on the selected units; recording test related data, performing primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis, and judging whether the standard requirements are met; and (4) marking a position label for the test, judging the load section of the test point according to the power of the test point, and automatically judging and selecting the load section of the next test of the unit. The invention can automatically analyze the state of the power grid and the grid-connected unit, select the test unit to carry out remote frequency disturbance test, and reasonably select the load interval of the next-stage disturbance test according to the previous test result, thereby realizing the automatic and comprehensive frequency modulation performance test of the grid-connected unit and laying a solid foundation for the frequency stability of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network source coordination control, in particular to a grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the power demand and the power grid scale are increasingly increased, but the resource distribution and the economic development in China are not balanced, and in order to improve the operation economy of the power grid and realize the optimal distribution of resources, the construction scale of a high-voltage interconnected power grid is continuously enlarged in recent years. Meanwhile, the installed capacity and the generated energy of new energy in China are rapidly improved, China becomes the country with the largest global new energy scale and the fastest development, the wind power grid-connected capacity is increased by 100 times in 10 years, the photovoltaic capacity is increased by 100 times in 5 years, and the installed capacities of wind power and photovoltaic are the first in the world. By 2018, the capacity of the wind and light new energy reaches 3.6 hundred million kilowatts, and accounts for 19 percent of installed capacity. High-voltage direct-current transmission has inevitable risks while realizing interconnection of regional power grids and improving economic benefits. The high-voltage direct current system has numerous equipment components, a primary system, a control and protection system, an auxiliary system and the like are complex and various, a transmission line is thousands of kilometers long, the terrain passing is variable, the environment is complex, and interaction influence exists between a multi-loop direct current system and an alternating current system, so that single-pole and double-pole locking faults of the high-voltage direct current system are difficult to avoid and frequently occur. Both the conventional power grid simulation analysis and the inversion analysis after an accident show that once the ultrahigh voltage direct current is subjected to single-pole and double-pole locking during large-scale power transmission, the section power is subjected to large-scale fluctuation, and large impact is formed on a transmitting-receiving-end power grid. From the accident situation of a receiving-end power grid, the rapid drop of the power grid frequency under a large-scale power gap is mainly shown, and the stable operation of a power grid system is influenced due to the large fluctuation of the bus voltage. The influence of a large-capacity wind power plant connected to an extra-high voltage level power transmission network on the stable operation of a power system is directly related to the output prediction accuracy of the wind power plant, certain errors generally exist in the output prediction of new energy such as wind power and the like, the randomness and uncertainty of the new energy such as the wind power and the like increase the net load fluctuation amplitude and speed of the system, and the stable operation of the power grid system can be influenced.
Frequency modulation is an indispensable part of an interconnected power grid and is important for safe and stable operation of the interconnected power grid, and various frequency modulation modes are mutually matched on different time scales to ensure that the frequency of the power grid keeps relatively stable (50 +/-0.2 Hz). The primary frequency modulation is used as a 'first defense line' for frequency adjustment, and plays an important role in rapidly supplementing (absorbing) active power and restraining the great change of the frequency of the power grid. When large disturbance occurs, if a primary frequency modulation does not respond to a fault in a sufficient amount in time, the frequency quality is greatly reduced, and when the frequency quality is serious, a power grid starts to carry out low-frequency load shedding, so that power grid disconnection and even breakdown accidents are caused, and huge loss is brought. In the initial period of disturbance, the primary frequency modulation action of the region has great significance for restraining frequency fluctuation, the starting speed and the climbing speed of each unit in the region are directly related to whether the frequency fluctuation can be effectively controlled in the region or not, and a primary frequency modulation task is completed. Therefore, the primary frequency modulation capability of the grid-connected unit has great significance on the safety of the operation of the power grid.
The primary frequency modulation performance acceptance of the conventional unit during grid connection and the regular acceptance after 4-5 years of overhaul cannot effectively ensure the frequency modulation performance of the grid-connected unit in the operation process. At present, a plurality of provincial and urban power grid regulation and control departments perform primary frequency modulation remote disturbance testing on a grid-connected unit, as shown in a schematic diagram of a conventional primary frequency modulation remote disturbance testing system in fig. 1, a power grid dispatching operator autonomously selects a testing unit according to the power grid condition and manually sets a frequency value to perform remote disturbance testing. The purpose of primary frequency modulation remote disturbance test is to realize the whole-process monitoring of the frequency modulation capability of the grid-connected unit, but the current remote disturbance test is usually selected and manually tested by scheduling control personnel, the judgment standards of different scheduling control personnel are not uniform, and a large amount of working time is occupied; meanwhile, if the quality of the former disturbance test result of a certain unit needs to be searched in a database, the frequency disturbance test of each load section of the grid-connected unit can not be automatically and rapidly carried out, and the frequency modulation performance of each load section of the grid-connected unit can not be comprehensively tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment, which can automatically analyze the states of a power grid and a grid-connected unit, select a testing unit to perform remote frequency disturbance testing, reasonably select a load interval of next-stage disturbance testing according to the previous testing result, realize automatic and comprehensive frequency modulation performance testing of the grid-connected unit, and lay a solid foundation for the frequency stability of the power grid.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring main parameter states of power grid frequency, regional control deviation and the like, and judging whether the power grid is in a relatively stable state;
s2: collecting and monitoring the state of a grid-connected unit, and selecting the grid-connected unit in a relatively stable state;
s3: sequentially carrying out remote frequency disturbance test on the selected units;
s4: recording test related data, performing primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis, and judging whether the standard requirements are met;
s5: and (4) marking a position label for the test, judging the load section of the test point according to the power of the test point, and automatically judging and selecting the load section of the next test of the unit.
Further, in step S1, the determination criterion that the power grid is in the stable state is: 49.95Hz < f < 50.05Hz and-150 MW < ACE < 150MW, where f is the grid frequency and ACE is the area control deviation.
Further, in step S3, when the selected units are sequentially subjected to the remote frequency disturbance test, the time for each frequency disturbance test of a single unit is not less than 1 minute, and the time interval for the two units to perform the test should be not less than 3 minutes.
Further, in step S3, when the selected unit is subjected to the remote frequency disturbance test in sequence, the grid side and the power supply side lock the AGC (automatic generation control) function of the unit, that is, at this time, the power instruction of the grid connected unit received remains unchanged, and the change of the unit power is caused only by the primary frequency modulation disturbance, thereby ensuring the validity of the primary frequency modulation performance detection of the grid connected unit.
Further, in the step S3, the number of times each unit performs the remote frequency disturbance test is generally set to 2-3 times per month, and the test is performed in the upper half and the lower half of the month respectively.
Further, in step S3, the unit automatically marks the number of tests performed in the month after each test is completed, and sorts the number of tests from small to large, and hangs up after the number of tests in the month is reached, and the unit is not tested again in the month.
Further, in step S3, the range of the single perturbation test frequency values is generally: f is more than or equal to 49.8Hz and less than or equal to 49.933Hz, and f is more than or equal to 50.067Hz and less than or equal to 50.2 Hz.
Further, in step S4, the evaluation and analysis of the primary frequency modulation performance may adopt a time point method or an integral electric quantity contribution index method according to the specific requirements of each regional power grid.
Further, in step S5, regarding 0-50% of the grid-connected unit as a low load section, 50-80% as a medium load section, and 80-100% as a high load section, if the test is qualified, the next test is performed by selecting the other two load sections; if the test is not qualified, the next test still selects the load section to be carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the test unit can be automatically selected to carry out remote frequency disturbance test according to the states of the regional power grid and the grid-connected unit, so that the workload of power grid dispatching operation personnel is reduced, and the dispatching automation level is improved.
(2) The invention can reasonably select the load interval of the next-stage disturbance test according to the test result of the grid-connected unit, realizes the automatic and comprehensive frequency modulation performance test of the grid-connected unit, and lays a solid foundation for the frequency stability of the power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional primary frequency modulation remote perturbation testing system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optimized primary frequency modulation remote disturbance test system;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance test based on load interval dynamic adjustment.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
For a better understanding of the present application, embodiments of the present application are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, when a unit is subjected to a conventional primary frequency modulation remote disturbance test, a power grid dispatching operator autonomously selects a test unit according to the power grid condition, manually sets a frequency disturbance value to perform a remote disturbance test, transmits a test related instruction signal to a power supply side unit DCS (distributed control system) according to a related protocol through a power private network, receives a power grid remote disturbance test switching value signal, sets a switching value "1" at a setting end S of an analog quantity selector AXSEL1, outputs a value received by a Z2 end to a value received by a Z1 end, switches an output of a unit actual measurement frequency value to a power grid remote disturbance test frequency value, converts the value into a unit frequency modulation power variable through a primary frequency modulation compensation function f (x), superposes the unit frequency modulation power variable on a processed AGC (automatic generation control) load instruction, and regulates and controls the actual output of the unit through a unit PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller, thereby achieving the purpose of frequency automatic compensation.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to ensure that the AGC function of the unit is locked by the power supply side during the disturbance test, an analog quantity selector AXSEL2 module is added, when the unit receives a switching value signal of the remote disturbance test of the power grid, the set end S of the analog quantity selector AXSEL2 is a switching value "1", the output switches the value received by the Z2 end to the value received by the Z1 end, that is, the original output of the AXSEL2 is kept unchanged at this time.
Referring to fig. 3, the method of the present invention includes the following processes:
s1: acquiring main parameter states of power grid frequency, regional control deviation and the like, and judging whether the power grid is in a relatively stable state;
s2: collecting and monitoring the state of a grid-connected unit, and selecting the grid-connected unit in a relatively stable state;
s3: sequentially carrying out remote frequency disturbance test on the selected units;
s4: recording test related data, performing primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis, and judging whether the standard requirements are met;
s5: and (4) marking a position label for the test, judging the load section of the test point according to the power of the test point, and automatically judging and selecting the load section of the next test of the unit.
In step S1, since the grid frequency is in a small amplitude low frequency fluctuation state when normal, the dead zone of the fossil power unit is ± 0.033Hz and the dead zone of the hydroelectric power unit is ± 0.05Hz specified in the standards of DL/T1870 "grid source coordination technical specification of power system", and the like; meanwhile, the active power of the regional power grid also fluctuates slightly, so that the judgment standard of the power grid in a stable state is selected as follows: 49.95Hz < f < 50.05Hz and-150 MW < ACE < 150MW, where f is the grid frequency and ACE is the area control deviation.
In step S2, the determination standard for the state of the grid-connected unit being in a relatively stable state may refer to GB/T31464 "grid operation criteria", GB/T30370 "primary frequency modulation test and performance acceptance guide of thermal power generation unit", DL/T1245 "grid-connected operation technical guide of turbine regulation system", GB/T19963 "technical specification for wind farm access to electric power system", and GB/T19964 "technical specification for photovoltaic power plant access to electric power system", respectively, according to the type of the grid-connected unit, according to relevant specifications such as national or industrial standards, and the like, and determine the state of the unit, such as a total valve position instruction (thermal power unit)/opening position instruction (hydro-turbine unit)/fuel instruction (gas power unit), and actual power, which are collected by using a synchronized Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU).
In step S3, since the standard specifies that performance assessment calculation is performed on the unit within a period of time (recommended value 60S, if the grid frequency is restored to the range of the primary frequency modulation dead zone within 60S, the integral time is the total time of crossing the dead zone) from when the frequency variation of the unit exceeds the primary frequency modulation dead zone, when the selected unit is sequentially subjected to remote frequency disturbance test, the time of each frequency disturbance test of a single unit is not less than 1 minute; in order to ensure that the unit is influenced by frequent disturbance to operate safely, the interval between two tests is not less than 3 minutes so as to provide the unit with time for recovering a stable state. When the selected unit is subjected to remote frequency disturbance testing in sequence, the AGC (automatic generation control) function of the unit is locked by the power grid side and the power supply side, a disturbance testing switching value signal is sent, the AGC load instruction signal of the tested unit by the power grid side is not changed, meanwhile, the value of the output end Y of the analog quantity selector AXSEL2 is switched to the input end Z1 by the power grid remote disturbance testing switching value signal by the power grid side, namely, the original output is kept unchanged, double protection ensures that the power grid power instruction received by the grid-connected testing unit is kept unchanged, the change of the unit power is only caused by primary frequency modulation disturbance, and the effectiveness of detection of the primary frequency modulation performance of the grid-connected unit is ensured. Because the frequency disturbance test can affect the power of the unit, the frequency disturbance test needs to be carried out in batches, namely, a test period exists, if the frequency disturbance test is carried out once, part of unit tests are carried out, and then the frequency modulation function is carried out, so the frequency of carrying out the remote frequency disturbance test on each unit is generally set to be 2-3 times per month and is carried out in the upper half, the lower half and the half respectively. The unit automatically marks the testing times of the month after each testing is finished, the testing times are sorted from small to large according to the testing times, the unit is suspended after the testing times of the month are reached, and the unit is not tested any more in the month. Combining national standards such as GB/T30370 and the specific conditions of regional power grids, the single disturbance test frequency value is a certain value, and the range of the certain value is generally as follows: f is more than or equal to 49.8Hz and less than or equal to 49.933Hz, and f is more than or equal to 50.067Hz and less than or equal to 50.2 Hz.
In step S4, the primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis may adopt a time point method or an integral electric quantity contribution index method according to the specific requirements of each regional power grid, where the time point method mainly refers to the requirements in the specifications of GB/T30370 and the like: the time required by the thermal power generating unit, the gas turbine unit and other units from the time when the frequency exceeds the primary frequency modulation dead zone to the time when the power generation load reliably changes to the frequency modulation direction is less than 3 seconds, and the time for reaching 75% of the target load amplitude is not more than 15 seconds; the integral electric quantity contribution index method can refer to the requirements in the regulations such as national grid (modulation/4) 910-: within a period of time (recommended value is 60s, if the power grid frequency is restored to the range of the primary frequency modulation dead zone within 60s, the integral time is the total time of crossing the dead zone), the percentage of the ratio of the actual action integral electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation to the theoretical integral electric quantity is determined according to the actual condition of the power grid of each region, and if the power grid in northwest is not less than 60% and the power grid in Shandong is not less than 70%.
In the step S5, 0-50% of grid-connected units are determined as a low-load section, 50-80% of the grid-connected units are determined as a medium-load section, and 80-100% of the grid-connected units are determined as a high-load section, and if the test is qualified, the next test is carried out by selecting other two load sections; if the test is not qualified, the next test still selects the load section to be carried out.
Taking the power grid of Shandong province as an example, an application example of the method provided by the invention in an actual power grid is given.
The 300 MW-level positive pressure direct blowing type unit is mainly used in the power grid, more than 100 units are put into operation every day during normal operation, the rotating speed unequal rate of the 300MW positive pressure direct blowing type unit is 5% according to the Shandong power grid, the primary frequency modulation dead zone range is 50 +/-0.033 Hz, the active power of the unit needs to respond to the deviation of the power grid frequency within 3 seconds, the 15 th load adjustment quantity needs to reach the target load change amplitude of 75%, and the specified integral electric quantity contribution index is 70%.
If the power grid frequency is 49.98Hz, the regional control deviation is 80MW at a certain moment, and the power grid is in a relatively stable state under the condition of no abnormal working condition, performing state analysis on the running unit, detecting and selecting the relatively stable unit of which the total valve position instruction, the actual power and the main steam pressure deviation are all in the specified range, and sequentially performing remote frequency disturbance test on the selected unit.
Firstly, a certain 300MW unit is selected, and at the moment, under the CCS (coordinated control) mode of unit operation, the power compensation of primary frequency modulation is realized through a coordinated control system at a DCS side and a DEH (digital electro-hydraulic control) system at a steam turbine side. When a primary frequency modulation remote disturbance test is started, the AGC load instruction is 240MW, and the actual power is 231 MW. The power grid side sends a remote disturbance test switching value signal and a disturbance test frequency value of 49.9Hz, the unit keeps an AGC load instruction of 240MW unchanged through an analog quantity selector AXSEL2, the frequency value of the unit is switched from actual 50Hz to 49.9Hz, a unit frequency modulation power variable of 8MW is obtained through a primary frequency modulation compensation function F (x), the unit needs to increase power of 8MW, the unit reacts quickly, the unit active power responds after 1 second, the unit active power changes 8.58MW after 15 seconds, the integral electric quantity contribution index of the unit is calculated to be 110%, the requirement of the primary frequency modulation assessment standard of the power grid is met, and the specific numerical values are shown in Table 1.
Table 15 month x unit 49.9Hz primary frequency modulation remote disturbance test data
Test time: 2019.5.1014: 51:31 CCS + DEH sequence valve
Recording the time of the unit in the month as qualified, marking the test times as 1, and the load section as a medium load section, and selecting one of a low load section of 0-50% and a high load section of 80-100% for the disturbance test of the 2 nd time in the month. And then testing the second unit according to the flow after 3 minutes of interval until the units meeting the conditions all perform a round.
The number of times of the tested unit label test is increased by 1, namely the number of times of the unit test is marked as 1, the system automatically selects a 150MW power point in the last ten days of the month for a second test, the disturbance test frequency value is automatically set to 49.933Hz, the disturbance purpose of different frequency deviation values of different load sections is realized, the test data are shown in Table 2, and the performance of the unit meets the requirements.
Table 25 months x machine set 49.933Hz primary frequency modulation remote perturbation test data
Test time: 2019.5.2611: 11:07 CCS + DEH sequence valve
After 2 times of disturbance tests are completed on all the units, the monthly test is finished.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance test method based on load interval dynamic adjustment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring main parameter states of power grid frequency, regional control deviation and the like, and judging whether the power grid is in a relatively stable state;
s2: collecting and monitoring the state of a grid-connected unit, and selecting the grid-connected unit in a relatively stable state;
s3: sequentially carrying out remote frequency disturbance test on the selected units;
s4: recording test related data, performing primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis, and judging whether the standard requirements are met;
s5: and (4) marking a position label for the test, judging the load section of the test point according to the power of the test point, and automatically judging and selecting the load section of the next test of the unit.
2. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the judgment standard that the power grid is in a stable state is as follows: 49.95Hz < f < 50.05Hz and-150 MW < ACE < 150MW, where f is the grid frequency and ACE is the area control deviation.
3. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, when the selected unit is subjected to remote frequency disturbance testing in sequence, the time of each frequency disturbance test of a single unit is not less than 1 minute, and the time interval between two units for testing is not less than 3 minutes.
4. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S3, when the selected unit is subjected to the remote frequency disturbance test in sequence, the unit AGC function is locked by the power grid side and the power supply side, that is, at this time, the power command of the power grid received by the grid-connected unit remains unchanged, and the change of the unit power is caused only by the primary frequency modulation disturbance, so as to ensure the validity of the detection of the primary frequency modulation performance of the grid-connected unit.
5. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the number of times of performing remote frequency disturbance testing on each unit is generally set to 2-3 times per month, and is respectively performed in upper half and lower half.
6. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S3, the unit automatically marks the number of tests performed in the month after each test is completed, and sorts the number of tests from small to large according to the number of tests, and hangs up after the number of tests in the month is reached, and the unit is not tested in the month.
7. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the range of single disturbance testing frequency value is generally: f is more than or equal to 49.8Hz and less than or equal to 49.933Hz, and f is more than or equal to 50.067Hz and less than or equal to 50.2 Hz.
8. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the primary frequency modulation performance evaluation analysis may adopt a time point method or an integral electric quantity contribution index method according to specific requirements of each regional power grid.
9. The grid-connected unit remote frequency disturbance testing method based on load interval dynamic adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S5, for the grid-connected unit, 0-50% is determined as a low load section, 50-80% is determined as a medium load section, and 80-100% is determined as a high load section, and if the test is qualified, the next test is performed by selecting the other two load sections; if the test is not qualified, the next test still selects the load section to be carried out.
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| CN113300420A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-08-24 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Remote primary frequency modulation test method and device |
| CN113659640A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-16 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Processing method and device for remote testing of primary frequency modulation dynamic performance |
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