CN105523868A - Silicone, calcium and carbon ternary compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicone, calcium and carbon ternary compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105523868A CN105523868A CN201610102550.3A CN201610102550A CN105523868A CN 105523868 A CN105523868 A CN 105523868A CN 201610102550 A CN201610102550 A CN 201610102550A CN 105523868 A CN105523868 A CN 105523868A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses silicone, calcium and carbon ternary compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer. The silicone, calcium and carbon ternary compound fertilizer is composed of 15-25 parts of silica, 15-25 parts of calcium oxide, 7-15 parts of biological carbon, less than or equal to 2 parts of adding element and 1-3 parts of water. The preparation method includes: putting raw materials of the above proportion into a container with a stirrer for stirring; conveying an obtained mixture to a feeding hopper to be fed into a disc or drum granulator in a controlled manner, spraying water and a disintegrant to the mixture during granulating, and controlling amounts of sprayed water and the disintegrant; leading obtained granules into a rolling drum for screening, leading screened granules into a drying kiln through a carrying belt for drying, and cooling and packaging. The biological carbon plays an effective role in adsorbing cadmium, lead, chromium and selenium and plays a good role in passivating cadmium, selenium and lead in soil, the silicone, calcium and carbon ternary compound fertilizer has excellent effect on preventing soil acidification and degradation, can improve cold resistance and disease and pest resistance and increase yield, and is short in step and low in cost, and the raw materials are easy to get and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and relate to its preparation method.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's modern industry, on the one hand social materials wealth is accumulated day by day, on the other hand living standards of the people are significantly improved, but simultaneously because the discharge of three industrial wastes aggravates gradually to the pollution level of environment as air, water system and soil, arable land acidifying degradation phenomena is serious.Correlation study data according to the Ministry of Agriculture of China show: the area that China's arable soil point is polluted has accounted for 19.4% of total cultivated area, the area that timbered soil point is polluted has accounted for 10% of the forest land total area, the area that grassland soil point is polluted has accounted for 10.4% of the meadow total area, wherein soil acidification area more than 1.5 hundred million mu.
For arable land, except being subject to aforesaid three industrial wastes exhaust emission, also be subject to the agricultural pollution because excessively using chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, especially the Farmland contamination that causes of heavy metal both had an impact, again because undermining HUMAN HEALTH by food chain to the quality of farm crop, output.Evaluate heavy metal mainly to refer to the index polluted of ploughing: the content in soil such as Pb, Hg, Cd, As and Cr.Typical example is as occurred in " cadmium rice " event in China Hunan for 2013, and this event reflects China partial area paddy rice and makes the cadmium content severe overweight in rice because suffering heavy metal contamination.
As is known in the industry, form mineral compound as the chemical element such as cadmium (Cd) and oxygen, chlorine and sulphur of heavy metal element and be distributed in occurring in nature.Because the biogenic migration of cadmium is comparatively strong, is thus very easily absorbed by plants and accumulates.The harm of cadmium to plant shows as: damage the metabolism of tenuigenin permeable membrane, water metabolism, photosynthesis, respiration, carbohydrate, the biological process such as nucleic acid metabolism and plant hormone and work the mischief too to soil microorganisms; The harm that cadmium enters human body generation by food chain shows as: all can produce toxicity to kidney, lung, liver, testis, brain, bone and blood system, be classified as the 6th toxic substance be detrimental to health by poisonous substance management committee of the U.S..
The existence form of cadmium in soil mainly contains following six kinds: one for ionic state; Two is exchange state; Three is carbonate state; Four is Fe-Mn oxide form; Five is organic sulfide states of matter; Six is residual.The cadmium of first two form is the most responsive and be the most easily absorbed by plants to edatope, thus maximum to the hazardness of plant; Carbonate state refers to the heavy metal cadmium of carbonate deposition, to edatope condition and soil pH value the most responsive, along with the reduction of pH value, ionic state cadmium again significantly discharges and affects crop, and is absorbed by plants and works the mischief; 4th to the 6th kind of form is relatively stable.In general, the form of Cadmium in Soil and validity are by pH value, organic matter, the soil texture, the soil CO of soil
2the impact of the condition such as dividing potential drop and moisture.
From the above, improving soil pH value can reduce and even suppress cadmium to cause the hazard rating to plant to the pollution of soil to a great extent, accordingly, not only effectively can reduce soil acidity if to impose to farmland in the mode of fertilising and to be easily absorbed by plants but also can to cadmium, plumbous, arsenic, the heavy metal elements such as chromium have desirable resistance control and adsorption, and the soil porosity that is increased, increase soil fertility, improve soil aeration water-permeable, alleviate the composite fertilizer that soil compaction can also improve crop yield and quality, to can yet be regarded as a kind of active measures of achieving many things at one stroke.At current land remediation, paddy rice falls in the practice of cadmium more has realistic meaning.
In disclosed Chinese patent literature, the technical intelligence of aforementioned composite fertilizer can be seen in, as CN1279005C recommendation has " fused(calcium magnesium phosphorus)potash fertilizer and production method thereof ", CN101638348A provides " a kind of containing calcium silicon high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer and manufacture method thereof ", CN101550035B introduces has " high-activity Si, Ca, Mg, K fertilizer ", CN101891521A discloses to be had " silicon-calcium-magnesium-sulfur fertilizer and preparation technology thereof ", CN101709003B discloses to be had " binary silicon potassium compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof ", etc.
Be not limited to the patent formula that exemplifies above for improving soil organisms vigor, the object improving the content of the bioelement needed for plant-growth, strengthen plant disease-resistant insect pest ability and Promoting plant growth and reach volume increase has positive effect, but resistance control and the adsorption of expectation are not produced for the heavy metal element of aforementioned such as lead, arsenic, chromium particularly cadmium and so on.
For above-mentioned prior art, the applicant, having done lasting and useful exploration and test repeatedly for many years, finally have found the way of the shortcoming existing for the composite fertilizer being made up prior art and defines technical scheme described below.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is to provide a kind of heavy metal element that both can effectively reduce to use the pollution of soil and avoid soil acidification to degenerate, can use as the nutritive element of farm crop again and to be absorbed by farm crop and to promote the growth of farm crop and reach the object of volume increase and oil recovery enhancement, and then good economy can be embodied and use the silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium avoiding increase agricultural cost.
Another task of the present invention is the preparation method providing a kind of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, the method processing step is terse and technical factor is not harsh and use and meet industrial amplification production requirement, and the silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium prepared by the method is improved fertilising efficiency and uses the cost of labor that consumes when reducing fertilising and can ensure comprehensive embodiment of the effect of described silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
Task of the present invention has been come like this, a kind of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and it is made up of the raw material of following proportioning by weight:
Silica 1 5-25 part;
Calcium oxide 15-25 part;
Charcoal 7-15 part;
Addition ofelements≤2 part;
Water 1-3 part.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, described charcoal refers to be smouldered the biomass charcoal obtained through 600-800 DEG C of high temperature or hypoxemia by straw, shell, branch, wood chip and/or rice chaff.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, described silicon-dioxide is the mixture of water soluble silica 5-10 part and the solubility in citric acid silica 1 0-15 part taken by weight; Described calcium oxide is levigate lime powder.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, any one or multiple combination in described Addition ofelements copper, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminium, magnesium and boron.
Another task of the present invention has been come like this, and a kind of preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, comprises the following steps:
A) batch mixing, stirs the silica 1 5-25 part taken by weight, calcium oxide 15-25 part, charcoal 7-15 part, Addition ofelements≤2 part and water 1-3 part inputs with in the container of agitator, obtains compound;
B) granulation, by by steps A) compound that obtains delivers to feeding hopper by conveying belt, by feeding hopper to control mode Feeding disc tablets press or roller pelletizer granulation, to compound spray water and disintegrating agent while granulating disc or roller pelletizer granulation, and control the amount of water and the amount of disintegrating agent of sprinkling, obtain particulate material;
C) subsequent disposal, first will by step B) particulate material that obtains introduces the choosing of rolling shaft screen, and sieve the particulate material of getting by trommel screen by the kiln drying of acknowledgement of consignment band introducing drying, cool after going out drying kiln and pack, obtaining silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, steps A) described in time of stirring be 5-15min, the stirring velocity of agitator is 15-25rpm.
Also have in a specific embodiment of the present invention, step B) described in the control amount of water of spraying refer to that the amount by the water sprayed controls the 2-3% of the weight for compound, the amount of described control disintegrating agent refers to the 1-3% amount of disintegrating agent controlled as compound weight.
More of the present invention and in a specific embodiment; step B) described in by feeding hopper to control mode Feeding disc tablets press or roller pelletizer refers to that the rate of feeding of feeding hopper is directly proportional to the rotating speed of the rotating speed of the disk of disk grain-making machine or the cylinder of roller pelletizer, and the rotating speed of the rotating speed of described disk and cylinder is 20-40rpm.
In an of the present invention and then specific embodiment, step C) described in the temperature of drying be 200-300 DEG C, the gait of march of described acknowledgement of consignment band is 15-25m/min; The particle diameter of described silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is 2-5 ㎜.
Of the present invention again more and in a specific embodiment, described disintegrating agent is sodium starch glycolate, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose or croscarmellose sodium.
The technique effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is: one, owing to employing charcoal in formula, thus can play active adsorption effect to cadmium, lead, chromium and arsenic by charcoal, and charcoal also can significantly increase soil porosity, reduces volume weight of soils, improves soil aeration and water permeable ability and alleviate soil compaction; Its two, due to formula in introduce silicon-dioxide and calcium oxide, thus can play the good passivation to the cadmium in soil, arsenic and lead; Its three, due to silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for alkalescence and pH value reaches about 9-10.5, thus can play the excellent effect preventing soil acidification from degenerating; Its four, because silico-calcium carbon can be efficiently absorbed as the nutritive element of farm crop, promote well developed root system, photosynthesis, enhancement plant hardness (deflection), fruit thousand seed weight, improve cold-resistant diseases and insect pests resistance and stimulation ratio can reach 5-25%; Its five, because all raw materials are easy to get and cheap, thus can avoid the increase of agricultural cost; Its six, the brief and processing requirement of the preparation method's processing step provided is not tired of, thus can meet industrial amplification production requirement; Its seven, be particulate state silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium due to what prepare, thus apply fertilizer convenient and efficient, can reduce time cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A) batch mixing, by the pulverous silicon-dioxide 25 parts taken by weight, pulverous calcium oxide and levigate lime powder 15 parts, charcoal 15 parts, Addition ofelements 2 parts and 2 parts, water drop into and stir with in the container of agitator, churning time is 15min, the stirring velocity of agitator is 15rpm, obtain compound, charcoal in this step is bought from market, such as purchased from multipotency biomaterial Science and Technology Ltd. of Jiangsu Province, China Suzhou City produce and before the application proposes the trade mark widely sold in market be that (industry custom claims biomass charcoal to SZD-A charcoal, even be called biomass carbon), this charcoal is (as rice straw by straw, Wheat Straw, cotton stalk etc.), shell, branch, in wood chip and rice chaff any one or a few or all to smoulder through 600-800 DEG C of high temperature or hypoxemia is smouldered and obtained, Addition ofelements described in this step is copper, iron and zinc three by identical weight than the mixture mixed mutually, described pulverous calcium oxide is the mixture of water soluble silica 10 parts and the solubility in citric acid silica 15 parts taken by weight,
B) granulation, by by steps A) compound that obtains delivers to feeding hopper by conveying belt, being used the pitch angle that forms disk to control mode (namely with continent state) Feeding disc and be inclined to set by feeding hopper and embodied makes material produce the granulating disc granulation of good centrifugal force, the rotating speed of disk is 20rpm, the relation that the rate of feeding of aforementioned feeding hopper becomes to follow in sb's footsteps with the rotating speed speed of disk, to compound spray water and disintegrating agent while granulating disc granulation, the amount of spray water controls for compound weight 2%, described disintegrating agent adopts sodium starch glycolate and consumption and fountain height control to be 1% of compound weight, obtain particulate material,
C) subsequent disposal, first will by step B) particulate material that obtains introduces trommel screen screening, sieved the particulate material of getting by trommel screen and namely carry the kiln drying of conveying belt introducing drying by acknowledgement of consignment band, certain intensity is produced after the drying to make particulate material, but meet water then can decompose, the temperature of drying is 200 DEG C, the gait of march of acknowledgement of consignment band is 15m/min, cool after going out drying kiln and pack, obtain particle diameter be 2-3 ㎜ and pH value in the silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium of 9-10.5 scope, the material screened out in this step returns feeding hopper for granulation again.
Embodiment 2:
Only by steps A) in the parts by weight of silicon-dioxide change 15 parts into, change the parts by weight of water soluble silica into 5 parts, change the parts by weight of solubility in citric acid silicon-dioxide into 10 parts, the parts by weight of calcium oxide change 25 parts into, change the parts by weight of charcoal into 7 parts, Addition ofelements is used iron instead and is changed its parts by weight into 0.5 part, and the parts by weight of water change 1 part into, churning time changes 10min into, and the stirring velocity of agitator changes 20rpm into; By step B) in the rotating speed of disk change 30rpm into, the amount of spray water is changed into 3% of compound weight, uses disintegrating agent instead low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose and change its consumption 2% of compound weight into; By step C) in the temperature of oven dry change 250 DEG C into, change the gait of march of acknowledgement of consignment band into 20m/min, particle diameter changed into 3-4 ㎜.All the other are all with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Only by steps A) in the parts by weight of silicon-dioxide change 20.5 parts into, change the parts by weight of water soluble silica into 8 parts, change the parts by weight of solubility in citric acid silicon-dioxide into 12.5 parts, change the parts by weight of calcium oxide into 20 parts, change the parts by weight of charcoal into 11 parts, Addition ofelements uses 1.5 parts, the mixture mixed mutually by the copper of identical weight ratio, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminium, magnesium and boron instead, the parts by weight of water change 3 parts into, churning time changes 5min into, and the stirring velocity of agitator changes 25rpm into; By step B) in tablets press use roller pelletizer instead, the rotating speed of cylinder controls, for 40rpm, the amount of spray water to be changed into 2.5% of compound weight, use disintegrating agent instead croscarmellose sodium and its consumption changed into 3% of compound weight; By step C) in the temperature of oven dry change 300 DEG C into, change the gait of march of acknowledgement of consignment band into 25m/min, particle diameter changed into 3.5-5 ㎜.All the other are all with the description to embodiment 1.
The pH value of the silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium that above-described embodiment 1 to 3 obtains is at 9-10.5, to soil acidity or alkalinity, there is significant regulating effect, soil application amount is 0.5mg/kg, pH value on average increases by 0.21, for the pH value < 5.5 of soil, after arable land (pH value < 5.5) every mu applies 150-200kg, pH value rising 0.5-1.0 unit; Because the valency of silicate ion and calcium ion is divalence, thus chemical reaction can be produced with heavy metal cadmium ion, lead ion, arsonium ion etc., make it precipitation, solidification, play passivation, result shows after tested, can reduce the hazard rating of heavy metal to soil and farm crop and reach 35-45%.Because charcoal is the charcoal that a kind of carbon content is extremely enriched, and be almost pure carbon (carbon is the required element of plant), be rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the copper of magnesium and trace, iron, zinc, it has flourishing pore texture, easy gathering nutritive substance and beneficial microorganism, promote soil fertility and make fertile soil, larger specific surface area, special surface functional group, stable physics and chemistry character, after returning soil, there is good ventilation property, heavy metal ion has and significantly adsorbs restraining effect, significantly can reduce the hazard rating of heavy metal element to farm crop.
Water miscible silicon-dioxide (embodiment 1 and 3) namely dissolves after meeting water, and root system of plant can directly absorb, and citric soluble silicon-dioxide (embodiment 2) is slowly absorbed by plants through bacteriological action or after transforming.Silicon is the important element of plant materials composition, is classified as the fourth-largest element after N P and K by international soil circle.Silicon is conducive to the photosynthesis and the chlorophyll content that improve crop, and cauline leaf can be made straight and upright, promotes organic matter accumulation; Siliceous fertilizer can increase the physical strength of crop stalk, improves lodging tolerance more than 85%.Siliceous fertilizer can also improve the resistibility of crop to disease and pest, reduces the generation of disease and pest.Wherein silicate ion and cadmium metal, arsenic can produce chemical reaction, produce precipitation.
Lime powder after calcium oxide and levigate processing is soluble in water, is the important element forming plant cell wall, is the important composition composition of plant plasma membrane serves, has the effect preventing enchylema from exosmosing, and calcium also has the effect of the acid and removing toxic substances of neutralization.Calcium ion and heavy metal ion can produce chemical reaction, solidify, precipitate, can hinder the harm of heavy metal on plants in soil.
Required or useful to the plant element of plant as the copper of Addition ofelements, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminium, magnesium and boron.
Claims (10)
1. a silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, is characterized in that it is made up of the raw material of following proportioning by weight:
Silica 1 5-25 part;
Calcium oxide 15-25 part;
Charcoal 7-15 part;
Addition ofelements≤2 part;
Water 1-3 part.
2. silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 1, is characterized in that described charcoal refers to and to be smouldered the biomass charcoal obtained through 600-800 DEG C of high temperature or hypoxemia by straw, shell, branch, wood chip and/or rice chaff.
3. silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 1, is characterized in that described silicon-dioxide is the mixture of water soluble silica 5-10 part and the solubility in citric acid silica 1 0-15 part taken by weight; Described calcium oxide is levigate lime powder.
4. silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 1, is characterized in that any one or the multiple combination in described Addition ofelements copper, iron, zinc, manganese, aluminium, magnesium and boron.
5. a preparation method for silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) batch mixing, stirs the silica 1 5-25 part taken by weight, calcium oxide 15-25 part, charcoal 7-15 part, Addition ofelements≤2 part and water 1-3 part inputs with in the container of agitator, obtains compound;
B) granulation, by by steps A) compound that obtains delivers to feeding hopper by conveying belt, by feeding hopper to control mode Feeding disc tablets press or roller pelletizer granulation, to compound spray water and disintegrating agent while granulating disc or roller pelletizer granulation, and control the amount of water and the amount of disintegrating agent of sprinkling, obtain particulate material;
C) subsequent disposal, first will by step B) particulate material that obtains introduces the choosing of rolling shaft screen, and sieve the particulate material of getting by trommel screen by the kiln drying of acknowledgement of consignment band introducing drying, cool after going out drying kiln and pack, obtaining silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
6. the preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 5, is characterized in that steps A) described in time of stirring be 5-15min, the stirring velocity of agitator is 15-25rpm.
7. the preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 5, it is characterized in that step B) described in the control amount of water of spraying refer to that the amount by the water sprayed controls the 2-3% of the weight for compound, the amount of described control disintegrating agent refers to the 1-3% amount of disintegrating agent controlled as compound weight.
8. the preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 5; it is characterized in that step B) described in by feeding hopper to control mode Feeding disc tablets press or roller pelletizer refers to that the rate of feeding of feeding hopper is directly proportional to the rotating speed of the rotating speed of the disk of disk grain-making machine or the cylinder of roller pelletizer, and the rotating speed of the rotating speed of described disk and cylinder is 20-40rpm.
9. the preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 5, is characterized in that step C) described in dry temperature be 200-300 DEG C, described acknowledgement of consignment band gait of march be 15-25m/min; The particle diameter of described silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is 2-5 ㎜.
10. the preparation method of silico-calcium carbon Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium according to claim 9, is characterized in that described disintegrating agent is sodium starch glycolate, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose or croscarmellose sodium.
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| CN111470920A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-31 | 河南省化工研究所有限责任公司 | Dispersed silicon-calcium-magnesium-potassium granular fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160427 |