CN105522791A - 高导通夹胶透明玻璃 - Google Patents

高导通夹胶透明玻璃 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105522791A
CN105522791A CN201610075787.7A CN201610075787A CN105522791A CN 105522791 A CN105522791 A CN 105522791A CN 201610075787 A CN201610075787 A CN 201610075787A CN 105522791 A CN105522791 A CN 105522791A
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China
Prior art keywords
glass
conducting
glass substrate
powder
doubling
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Granted
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CN201610075787.7A
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CN105522791B (zh
Inventor
尤晓江
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Wuhan Huashang Green Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Wosun Lvneng Polytron Technologies Inc
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Priority to CN201610075787.7A priority Critical patent/CN105522791B/zh
Publication of CN105522791A publication Critical patent/CN105522791A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/072576 priority patent/WO2017133613A1/zh
Priority to EP17746933.5A priority patent/EP3412446B1/en
Priority to US16/073,467 priority patent/US10406782B2/en
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10183—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions
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    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
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    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，包括两片玻璃板和胶片，所述胶片为PVB胶片，位于两片玻璃板之间；所述两片玻璃板中至少有一片为高导通透明玻璃基电路板，所述高导通透明玻璃基电路板包括玻璃基板，玻璃基板的不与胶片接触的表面设有印刷于玻璃基板表面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。本发明的一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃具有高导通、高透光率的特点，尤其适用于工业及家庭用智能设备制作、生产和使用。

Description

高导通夹胶透明玻璃
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，属于电子器件制作领域。
背景技术
传统的夹胶玻璃通常在建筑与汽车领域中作为安全玻璃或者隔音玻璃使用，通常是两片玻璃中间夹持一张PVB(Polyvinylbutyral，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)胶片。随着科技进步，也出现了在夹胶玻璃上嵌入电子线路，以广泛应用于工业和家用智能化设备。
然而，传统的夹胶玻璃的基电路板通常利用镀膜蚀刻工艺或低温银浆工艺制作。镀膜蚀刻工艺是在玻璃板表面镀一层导电浆，用蚀刻法制作电路，这种玻璃基电路板的电子线路通过粘合剂与玻璃板结合，由于玻璃分子除了与氟元素以外的任何元素都无法发生化学反应，所以这种镀膜工艺基本是一种喷涂工艺，是混合了导电金属颗粒的有机材料粘接过程，粘合剂使导电浆的纯度下降，使导电能力非常差，最好的材料也只有1×10-4Ω，难以焊接电子元件，也很难实现功能电路。而低温银浆工艺是在玻璃板表面丝印低温银浆电路，通过在200℃以内的烘烤固化方法实现，此方法由于银浆中还含有大量的有机粘接材料而无法达到高导能力，其导电能力只能达到3×10-5Ω，电子元件依然难以焊接，附着力差。上述传统夹胶玻璃由于其工艺限制，所制成的夹胶玻璃的玻璃基电路板中，玻璃板和导电线路之间联系不紧密，导电线路浮于玻璃板表面，整个玻璃基电路板的表面不平滑，导电线路易损坏脱落，最终导致导通能力差。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，玻璃基板与导电线路之间为熔融关系，联系紧密，且玻璃基板的表面与导电线路上表面平齐，整个高导通透明玻璃基电路板的表面平滑，导电线路不易损坏，导通能力强，能够广泛应用于工业和家用智能化设备。
本发明为解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供了一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，包括两片玻璃板和胶片，所述胶片为PVB胶片，位于两片玻璃板之间；所述两片玻璃板中至少有一片为高导通透明玻璃基电路板，所述高导通透明玻璃基电路板包括玻璃基板，玻璃基板的不与胶片接触的表面设有印刷于玻璃基板表面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层构成的导电层，且石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融，所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板，所述导电线路表面除去待焊接元件的焊盘以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆。
所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％；
所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于钢化玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与钢化玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为5～8mm。
所述PVB胶片的厚度为1～2mm。
所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为6mm，所述PVB胶片的厚度为1.14mm。
本发明基于其技术方案所具有的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明的玻璃基板与导电线路之间为熔融关系，联系紧密，具有超导电能力，导电阻抗低于5×10-8Ω；
(2)本发明的玻璃基板与导电线路之间为熔融关系，无介质结合，使电路层在大功率应用时具有良好的导热能力，并且电路层与玻璃基板分子紧密熔合，可进行SMD电子元件贴片且元件不易剥落；
(3)本发明的导电浆料中石墨烯虽然含量少，仅占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％，但其分子排列极其致密，质量轻，能够浮于金属分子表面，由于其比金属耐磨且导电率高，因此最终形成的导电线路仍能保证其高导通率；石墨烯几乎是完全透明的，所以制作出来的玻璃基电路板能保证高透光率，透光率超过90％；
(4)本发明的玻璃基板的表面与导电线路上表面平齐，整个高导通透明玻璃基电路板的表面平滑，导电线路不易损坏；
(5)本发明的导电线路可二次覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆，其将导电线路上待焊接元件的焊盘留出，可以对电路层进行保护，防止导电线路表面氧化，维持超导电能力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的高导通夹胶透明玻璃的结构示意图。
图2是高导通透明玻璃基电路板的结构示意图。
图3是图2的AA向剖视图。
图4是覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆的高导通透明玻璃基电路板的剖视图。
图中：1-高导通透明玻璃基电路板，1-1-玻璃基板，1-2-导电线路，1-3-焊盘，1-4-PCB有机阻焊漆，1-5-石墨烯层，1-6-金属层，2-PVB胶片，3-玻璃板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
参照图1、图2和图3，本发明提供了一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，包括两片玻璃板3和胶片，所述胶片为PVB胶片2，位于两片玻璃板之间；所述两片玻璃板中至少有一片为高导通透明玻璃基电路板1，所述高导通透明玻璃基电路板包括玻璃基板1-1-，玻璃基板的不与胶片接触的表面设有印刷于玻璃基板表面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路1-2，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层1-5和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层1-6构成的导电层，石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融，所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％；
所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于钢化玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与钢化玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板。
所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为5～8mm。
所述PVB胶片的厚度为1～2mm。
所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为6mm，所述PVB胶片的厚度为1.14mm。
参照图4，所述导电线路表面除去待焊接元件的焊盘1-3以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆1-4。
高导通透明玻璃基电路板制作工艺如下：
(1)将导电浆料印刷在玻璃基板的空气面；所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％，所述混合金属颗粒均为多面体；
(2)将覆盖有导电浆料的玻璃基板在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒；
(3)将玻璃板置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒，然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒，最后冷却至常温，则此时导电浆料形成导电线路分布于玻璃板的表面且与玻璃板熔融，导电线路成为玻璃板的一部分；
(4)利用丝网印刷技术将无色PCB有机阻焊漆在电路层上进行二次覆盖，使电路层中除去待焊接元件的焊盘以外的部分全部被PCB有机阻焊漆覆盖。
步骤(3)中迅速冷却可以对玻璃基板进行钢化，则制成的高导通透明玻璃基电路板的玻璃基板为钢化玻璃。
其中，导电浆料经过特殊配比，其中导电浆料与玻璃基板经过步骤(2)的烘烤和步骤(3)的熔融过程中，玻璃在500℃时开始软化，550℃时玻璃表面分子已开始处于活跃状态，此时导电浆料中的松油醇及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯都在高温下挥发，低温玻璃粉已经融化并带着导电粉与玻璃表面处于活跃状态的玻璃分子进行熔合——这一过程中温度低于550℃则玻璃分子还不活跃，若高于600℃则玻璃板易炸裂——通过五六分钟左右的熔合后进入720℃左右高温熔合，此时导电粉分子也开始活跃，并与更加活跃的玻璃分子进行深入熔合，此过程需2至4分钟完成——这一阶段中温度不宜低于710℃或高于730℃以防止最终玻璃变形过度——此时玻璃表面已与导电粉的分子充分熔合成为一体，这种熔合是分子级的，与传统工艺中利用粘合剂相比具有更强的结合力，并且玻璃表面与电路层表面能够成为一个整体，使整个玻璃基电路板光滑，适用于多种应用场合。
导电浆料中的金属颗粒可以加工打磨为球形、立方体或不规则多面体，其中加工为立方体后颗粒排列整齐，尤其有利于导电性；导电浆料中的石墨烯虽然含量少，仅占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％，但其分子排列极其致密，质量轻，能够浮于金属分子表面，由于其比金属耐磨且导电率高，因此最终形成的导电线路仍能保证其高导通率；石墨烯几乎是完全透明的，所以制作出来的玻璃基电路板能保证高透光率。
二次覆盖时，可以对电路层进行保护，防止金属表面氧化；传统的工艺都是材料表面的覆盖工艺，或粘接工艺(包括烧结、镀膜等)，二次覆盖使材料与材料结合，分子间互相渗透，因此实现了两种材料无法剥落，结合牢固，二次覆盖后整个玻璃基电路板的表面仍然为一个平滑表面，预留的焊盘可以用于后期焊接电子元件。
制成的高导通透明玻璃基电路板透光率超过90％，具有超导电能力，导电阻抗低于5×10-8Ω，制成的高导通透明玻璃基电路板中导电线路和玻璃板无介质结合，使电路层在大功率应用时具有良好的导热能力，并且电路层与玻璃基板分子紧密熔合，可进行SMD电子元件贴片且元件不易剥落。
最后与PVB胶片和玻璃板组合而成的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，除了具有传统夹胶玻璃隔热、隔音的特点外，还具有高导通、高透光率的特点，尤其适用于工业及家庭用智能设备制作、生产和使用。

Claims (7)

1.一种高导通夹胶透明玻璃，包括两片玻璃板和胶片，其特征在于：所述胶片为PVB胶片，位于两片玻璃板之间；所述两片玻璃板中至少有一片为高导通透明玻璃基电路板，所述高导通透明玻璃基电路板包括玻璃基板，玻璃基板的不与胶片接触的表面设有印刷于玻璃基板表面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层构成的导电层，且石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融；所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板，所述导电线路表面除去待焊接元件的焊盘以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于钢化玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与钢化玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为5～8mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述PVB胶片的厚度为1～2mm。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的高导通夹胶透明玻璃，其特征在于：所述两片玻璃板的厚度均为6mm，所述PVB胶片的厚度为1.14mm。
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