CN105510069B - Automate true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system and test method - Google Patents
Automate true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system and test method, apparatus system includes model counterforce structure and hydraulic loading system；The model counterforce structure includes the counter force wall positioned at surrounding and upper and lower six faces, and six counter force wall compositions accommodate the space of sample, and each metope is connect with hydraulic loading system, under hydraulic loading system effect, applies true triaxial load to sample；Wherein top metope can be opened, and be removed convenient for the machinery of sample.Top beam automates elevating translational system, the cooperation of Liftable bottom plate, can facilitate the removal of implementation model, safer, efficient, intelligent automatic test device is provided for the development of geomechanical model test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mineral engineering, geotechnical engineering scientific research technical field, more particularly to a kind of automation true triaxial intelligence
Assemble physical analog test apparatus system and test method.
Background technology
Geomechanical model test is research mineral engineering, large-scale geotechnical engineering problems, especially Problems of Underground Engineering
Important means.Construction technology, the mode of action of load and the time of geomechanical model test energy preferably simulation complex engineering
Effect etc., the stress overall process of energy research engineering.It therefore not only can be with the normal stress of research engineering, also with this experiment
It can be with the ultimate load and damage -form of research engineering.Meanwhile compared with numerical result, result given by it image,
Intuitively.It is extensive by domestic and international geotechnical engineering circle since geomechanical model testing technology has above-mentioned unique superiority
Pay attention to and applies.
Wherein important component of the simulation test device as geomechanical model test, plays the effect of experiment
Very important effect.
Currently, being directed to geomechanical model test, a large amount of research work is carried out, has had developed a series of simulation tests
Device, present Research are as follows：
(1) application No. is 201110038876.1 Chinese patents to disclose a kind of ultra-large type geotechnical engineering threedimensional model examination
Check system, including ultra-large type model test apparatus, the hydraulic loading system that is connected respectively with full-scale model test device and strain
Displacement test system can complete the large-scale three dimensional model test of cross type tunnel.But the device cannot achieve model entirety
Remove, cannot easily carry out model dissection, the filling for being unfavorable for cast material pile up and the experiment of model after observe.
(2) application No. is 201110038852.6 Chinese patents to disclose a kind of multi-functional ground of large-scale combined sound
Engineering simulation experimental rig, the device by several Pin counter-forces bench frame apparatus, preceding visual reaction beam, load reaction beam, arch afterwards and move
The compositions such as state reaction frame, hydraulic loading system, servo dynamic loading system, model elevating translational motorcycle system, can be applied to base
The plane of geotechnical engineering and three-dimensional geological mechanics static state and transient model testing under hole, side slope and large ground pressure.But the dress
It sets only four sides to load, can not achieve the load of six face of true triaxial；It is both needed to carry out before model removes, the filling of cast material is piled up anti-
The manual teardown of power beam, assembly, fixation, it is complicated for operation.
(3) application No. is 201110039078.0 Chinese patents to disclose a kind of large-scale independent assortment Pin formula high-ground stress
Underground engineering model test device, including several Pin pin-connected panels counter-force bench frame apparatus, hydraulic loading system, model elevating translational drag
Vehicle system, the device integral strength, rigidity are high, and stability is good, lifting and push stable action, it is ensured that model is in transfer process
In integrality.But the device is only the load of three faces, can not achieve the load of six face of true triaxial；Model elevating translational acting trailer system is only
The model that Model transfer can be come in and gone out loads space, and the filling of cast material still needs to carry out the manual assembled, admittedly of reaction beam before piling up
It is fixed, it is complicated for operation.
Ph.D. Dissertation " deep laneway surrounding rock failure evolvement process and its control that in April, (4) 2009 is delivered by Chen Kunfu
The 2nd chapter discloses a kind of large scale three-dimensional Excavation simulation testing stand in a mechanism study processed and application " text, and testing stand is mainly by platform
Five body, loading system, excavation and support system, experiment monitoring system and Digital photographic measurement system parts form, and can apply
It is excavated and supporting physical process in simulation deep tunnel.But the stage body of the device is to pour, and cannot achieve the freedom of stage body
Assembling combination, and the device cannot achieve model and integrally remove, and cannot easily carry out model dissection, be unfavorable for cast material
Filling pile up and the experiment of model after observe.
The model test stand device system of the above-mentioned unit of comprehensive analysis, there is also following shortcomings：
1. generally cannot Model transfer completely conveniently be gone out model support after the completion of load, extensible it is still necessary to carry out counter-force
The manual dismounting of beam, operation is comparatively laborious, expends a large amount of manpowers.
2. the filling of cast material needs to carry out the manual dismounting of reaction beam before piling up, complicated for operation.
3. existing model test apparatus system can not achieve elevating translational and the locking of top beam.
4. remove cast material manually, cast material is easy, by external disturbance, to influence the accuracy of test result.
In order to be more convenient, efficiently carry out geomechanical model test, need to develop a kind of automation true triaxial intelligence dress
With physical analog test apparatus system, so that the efficient assembling and model of realizing experimental rig integrally remove.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of assembling it is flexible and convenient, easy to operate,
Observation is convenient, it can be achieved that top beam automation locking, translation, facilitate the filling of cast material to pile up, the physical analogy that model is hung out
Experimental rig and test method, to improve intelligence, the automation of experimental rig.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Automate true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system, including model counterforce structure and hydraulic loaded system
System；The model counterforce structure includes the counter force wall positioned at surrounding and upper and lower six faces, and six counter force wall compositions accommodate sample
Space, each metope are connect with hydraulic loading system, under hydraulic loading system effect, apply true triaxial load to sample；
Wherein top metope can automatically turn on, and be removed convenient for the machinery of sample.
By the hydraulic loaded control system on each face counter force wall of Controlling model respectively, the true triaxial of implementation model adds
It carries.After the test, top beam automation elevating translational system, Liftable floor combination, can facilitate the removal of implementation model.It avoids
Artificial dismounting model support, while saving labour, it is ensured that test model is undisturbed, keeps original when off-test
Beginning form, can more accurate observation model material failure mode, obtain more accurate test result.
The counter force wall is cancelled structure, and counter force wall is made of several reaction beams being mutually permanently connected described in every face,
Wherein top reaction beam is equipped with top beam and automates elevating translational system, and the top beam automation elevating translational system includes top beam liter
Oil cylinder, track, idler wheel and motor drop.
One end of the top beam lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with top reaction beam, and the other end passes through connecting component and the rolling
Wheel is fixedly connected, and the track is arranged in parallel along two lateral reaction copings and extends towards outside, and the idler wheel is described
Under the driving of motor, rolled along the track.
The lifting of top reaction beam is realized by top beam lifting cylinder.When top reaction beam is in promotion state, pass through
Idler wheel drives top beam lifting cylinder to be moved along track, and then realizes the translation of top reaction beam.
The extension of the track is foldable track frame, and the foldable track frame includes crossbeam, column, diagonal brace；
The both ends of the crossbeam are hinged with the top of lateral reaction beam and the top of the column respectively, one end of the diagonal brace and the cross
Beam is hinged, and the other end is connect with the middle part sliding slot of the column, and the diagonal brace is equipped with limiting component-slide-bar in sliding slot connecting pin,
The slide-bar at the diagonal brace end is provided at both ends with fixing bolt, and being screwed can be by bolt to being set to squeezing for the sliding slot on column
Pressure realizes being relatively fixed for slide-bar and sliding slot.
When being arranged to working condition, crossbeam is connected around lateral reaction back end shaft, crossbeam-rotating to level；Column is around crossbeam
Other end rotation, diagonal brace detent ends are slided along sliding slot in rotary course, and column screws diagonal brace slide-bar after rotating to vertical position
Both ends fixing bolt fixes its position, with the connection of reinforcing crossmember and diagonal brace, realizes the expansion of foldable track.Experiment finishes
Afterwards, folding track frame can be withdrawn by above-mentioned inverse operation.
At top, the lower section of reaction beam is equipped with the top beam lifting cylinder, the pedestal and lateral reaction of the top beam lifting cylinder
Coping is fixedly connected；In two lateral reaction copings, the sliding rail of the top reaction beam is higher by equipped with top
Road, on the top reaction beam, the trolley for being equipped with auxiliary work, the electric car engine being connect with the trolley, and
Control the flexible pulley Shift cylinder of the trolley；When the top beam lifting cylinder jacks the top reaction beam to corresponding
When highly and the pulley Shift cylinder is overhanging, the trolley is along the sliding rail upper surface slide.
Stop rising when the trolley reaches the sliding rail upper level, the pulley Shift cylinder makes
The trolley is extended to sliding rail upper surface, and the electric car engine makes the trolley be moved along the sliding rail
It is dynamic, realize automatically moving out for the top reaction beam.
On the side wall in lateral reaction wall top portion, it is equipped with horizontal fixed top beam locked cylinder, the top reaction beam
On fixed connecting part, it is equipped with the top beam lock hole with the top beam locked cylinder cooperating.
The hydraulic loading system includes hydraulic cylinder and thrust plate, and the hydraulic cylinder is embedded to be fixed on each counter-force
In the rectangular grid of beam, the end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the thrust plate, and when load, the hydraulic cylinder pushed and mould
The thrust plate movement of type contact, to realize the load to all directions of the model.
Counter force wall described in each face is assembled by each reaction beam, passes through free assembly, the change of implementation model size.
Be equipped in the model counterforce structure to carry the Liftable bottom plate of cast material, including bottom plate, bar shaped steel rib,
Hanging ring；The bottom plate is equipped with hanging ring, and the bottom base plate is welded with bar shaped steel rib, and wherein steel rib is embedding can be pre- in bottom thrust plate
It stays in gap, bottom-loaded is realized to facilitate bottom thrust plate to act on bottom plate.
The quadrangle of the bottom plate is equipped with hanging ring.
The test method for automating true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Device setting is in working condition, and drives top beam locked cylinder, top reaction beam is unlocked, and driving top beam is certainly
Dynamicization elevating translational system removes the top reaction beam；
Step 2：Test material and related sensor are embedded in simulation test device and are compacted, driving top beam automation rises
Translation system is dropped, the top reaction beam is moved back to original position, and top reaction beam is locked；
Step 3：Test data is loaded, monitored and acquired to model；
Step 4：Step 1 is repeated, unlock, rising and the removal of the top reaction beam are completed, is connected and is lifted by hoist cable
Component hangs out model；
Step 5：Top reaction beam is moved back to original position and is locked, experiment finishes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, top beam of the invention automation elevating translational system, Liftable floor combination, can facilitate the removal of implementation model,
Convenient for carrying out model views and further section view research after experiment and retaining.
2, top beam of the invention automation elevating translational system, automatic locking system can realize the lifting, translation, lock of top beam
Fixed automation, it is succinct efficiently, can be conveniently applied to cast material filling pile up, the assembling of model test apparatus, improve examination
Test efficiency.
3, foldable track frame of the invention can fold or be unfolded according to demand, effectively save lab space.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is foldable track frame expansion in Fig. 1, top reaction beam is removed, model hangs out design sketch；
Fig. 3 is A type top beams automation elevating translational system, the partial structural diagram of automatic locking system；
Fig. 4 is Type B top beam automation elevating translational system, the partial structural diagram of automatic locking system；
Fig. 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram after preceding reaction beam dismounting in Fig. 1.
Wherein, 1 model loads counterforce device system, the bottoms 1-1 reaction beam, 1-2 or so reaction beams, reaction beam before and after 1-3,
Reaction beam at the top of 1-4；2 embedded type hydraulic loading systems, 2-1 embedded type hydraulic oil cylinders, 2-2 thrust plates；The automation lifting of 3 top beams
Translation system, 3-1 top beam lifting cylinders, 3-2 idler wheels, 3-3 micro-machines, 3-4 tracks, 3-4 ' sliding rails, the movement of 3-5 pulleys
Oil cylinder, 3-6 trolleys；4 automatic locking systems, 4-1 triangle flanges, 4-2 locked cylinders；5 Liftable bottom plates, 5-1 bottom plates, 5-
2 bar shaped steel ribs, 5-3 hanging rings；6 foldable track frames, 6-1 crossbeams, 6-2 columns, 6-3 diagonal braces, 6-4 fixing bolts, 6-5 sliding slots.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2：Automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system includes that model load is anti-
Power apparatus system 1, embedded type hydraulic loading system 2, top beam automation elevating translational system 3, automatic locking system 4, Liftable
Bottom plate 5, foldable track frame 6；
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5：The model for automating true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system loads counter-force
Apparatus system 1 is made of reaction beam, the tops 1-4 reaction beam before and after the bottoms 1-1 reaction beam, 1-2 or so reaction beam, 1-3, each anti-
Power beam by high-strength bolt be composed of a fixed connection counter force wall and with hydraulic loading system form counter force wall assembly.
As shown in Figure 2：The top beam automation lifting for automating true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system is flat
Shifting system 3, Liftable bottom plate 5, foldable track frame 6 combine, and it is foldable that can facilitate the removal of implementation model, its implementation
Track frame is unfolded, and automation lifting, the translation that elevating translational system 3 completes top reaction beam, crane are automated by top beam
Liftable bottom plate 5 is connected by hoist cable, model is hung out.
As shown in Figure 2：The foldable track frame 6 of true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system is automated by cross
Beam 6-1, column 6-2, diagonal brace 6-3 form folding or expansion, it can be achieved that foldable track frame, and its implementation is around lateral reaction
The axis connection of beam-ends, crossbeam 6-1 are rotated to level, and around other end axis connection, column 6-2 is rotated to vertical, screws diagonal brace 6-3's
The ends sliding slot 6-5 fixing bolt 6-4, fixes its position, with the connection of reinforcing crossmember 6-1 and column 6-2, realizes foldable track 6
Expansion.Foldable track frame 6 can be unfolded or fold according to demand, effectively save test space.
As shown in figs. 3 and 5：The embedded type hydraulic of automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system adds
Loading system 2 is made of embedded type hydraulic oil cylinder 2-1 and thrust plate 2-2, is fixed on wherein the embedded type hydraulic oil cylinder is embedded
In each reaction beam rectangular grid, the load to model power is realized by thrust plate 2-2.
Oil cylinder is fixed on by high-strength bolt on model counterforce structure with ring flange, and hydraulic cylinder 2-1 is pushed when load
The thrust plate 2-2 movements contacted with model are to realize that the horizontal and vertical crustal stress to model loads.
A type top beams automation elevating translational system 3 as shown in Figure 3 is mainly by top beam lifting cylinder 3-1, idler wheel 3-2, small
, it can be achieved that the automation of top reaction beam is lifted, translated, its implementation is to be fixed on top for type motor 3-3, track 3-4 compositions
The idler wheel 3-2 that the top beam lifting cylinder 3-1 of portion's reaction beam is connected by cylinder barrel end acts on left and right reaction beam, to control top beam
Lifting, idler wheel 3-2, micro-machine 3-3 are both secured on cylinder tube end connection, and micro-machine 3-3 driving idler wheels realize top
The translation of beam.
A types automatic locking system 4 as shown in Figure 3 is mainly made of triangle flange 4-1, locked cylinder 4-2, it can be achieved that pushing up
Automation locking, the unlock of portion's reaction beam, its implementation are the oil cylinder for being fixed on the locked cylinder 4-2 of left and right reaction beam and releasing
Bar can be inserted into the triangle flange 4-1 for being fixed on top reaction beam, realize the locking of top beam.
The test method of automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system, including three phases, first
Stage is that the making of cast material fills；Second stage is model load, excavates test；Phase III is model shifting after experiment
Go out.
Specific test procedure is as follows：
1) foldable track frame is unfolded；
2) locked cylinder for driving automatic locking system, top reaction beam is unlocked, by top beam lifting cylinder by top
Reaction beam jacks up, until triangle flange is higher than front and back reaction beam；
3) start micro-machine, driving idler wheel realizes the removal of top reaction beam；
4) test material and related sensor are embedded in model load counterforce device and are compacted；
5) successively start micro-machine, top beam lifting cylinder, locked cylinder, complete being moved back to, decline, locking for top reaction beam
It is fixed；
6) model is loaded, monitors and acquire test data；
7) off-test repeats step 2-3, completes unlock, rising, the removal of top reaction beam；
8) crane connects Liftable bottom plate by hoist cable, and model is hung out；
9) step 5 is repeated, top reaction beam is moved back to original position, foldable track frame is folded up, experiment finishes.
Embodiment 2：
Fig. 4 is that Type B top beam automates elevating translational system, the partial structural diagram of automatic locking system, including locking
Oil cylinder 4-2, top beam lifting cylinder 3-1, pulley Shift cylinder 3-5, micro-machine 3-3, trolley 3-6, sliding rail 3-4 ',
Wherein locked cylinder 4-2 connect locking with triangle flange 4-1, locked cylinder 4-2 unlocks, top beam lifting cylinder 3- when system works
1 makes top beam automation elevating translational system rise, and is slided when trolley 3-6 height is concordant with the upper surface of sliding rail 3-4 '
Taking turns Shift cylinder 3-5 pushes trolley 3-6 protruding, and top beam lifting cylinder 3-1 declines, final to realize by micro-machine 3-
3 drive system mobile along sliding rail 3-4 '.
As shown in figure 5, Liftable bottom plate 5 includes bottom plate 5-1, bar shaped steel rib 5-2, hanging ring 5-3, bottom plate 5-1 is equipped with and hangs
Ring 5-3, the bottom base plate are welded with bar shaped steel rib 5-2, wherein steel rib 5-2 and can be embedded in the thrust plate 2-2 reserving gaps of bottom,
Bottom-loaded is realized to facilitate bottom thrust plate 2-2 to act on bottom plate 5-1.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
A variety of modifications of embodiment will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it is as defined herein general
Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, is not described in detail
Part, be the prior art, herein without repeating.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to these implementations shown in this article
Example, and it is to fit to the widest range consistent with principles disclosed herein and feature.
Claims (7)
1. automating true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system, it is characterised in that：Including model counterforce structure and
Hydraulic loading system；The model counterforce structure includes the counter force wall positioned at surrounding and upper and lower six faces, six counter force wall compositions
The space of sample is accommodated, each metope is connect with hydraulic loading system, under hydraulic loading system effect, is applied to sample true
Three axle loads；Wherein top metope can automatically turn on, and be removed convenient for the machinery of sample；
The counter force wall is cancelled structure, and counter force wall is made of several reaction beams being mutually permanently connected described in every face, wherein
Top reaction beam is equipped with top beam and automates elevating translational system, and the top beam automation elevating translational system includes top beam lifting oil
Cylinder, track, idler wheel and motor；
At top, the lower section of reaction beam is equipped with the top beam lifting cylinder, pedestal and the lateral reaction wall of the top beam lifting cylinder
Top is fixedly connected；In two lateral reaction copings, the sliding rail of the top reaction beam, institute are higher by equipped with top
It states on the reaction beam of top, the trolley for being equipped with auxiliary work, the electric car engine being connect with the trolley, and control institute
State the flexible pulley Shift cylinder of trolley；When the top beam lifting cylinder jack the top reaction beam to corresponding height,
And the pulley Shift cylinder it is overhanging when, the trolley is along the sliding rail upper surface slide.
2. automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The extension of the track is foldable track frame, and the foldable track frame includes crossbeam, column, diagonal brace；The crossbeam
Both ends it is hinged with the top of lateral reaction beam and the top of the column respectively, one end of the diagonal brace is hinged with the crossbeam,
The other end is connect with the middle part sliding slot of the column, and the diagonal brace is equipped with limiting component-slide-bar, the diagonal brace end in sliding slot connecting pin
Slide-bar be provided at both ends with fixing bolt, screwed can by bolt to be set to the sliding slot on column extruding realize slide
Axis and sliding slot are relatively fixed.
3. automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
On the side wall in lateral reaction wall top portion, it is equipped with horizontal fixed top beam locked cylinder, the top reaction beam is fixedly connected
On component, it is equipped with the top beam lock hole with the top beam locked cylinder cooperating.
4. automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The hydraulic loading system includes hydraulic cylinder and thrust plate, the embedded rectangle for being fixed on each reaction beam of the hydraulic cylinder
In lattice, the end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the thrust plate, and the hydraulic cylinder was pushed and contacted with model when load
The thrust plate movement, to realize the load to all directions of the model.
5. automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Counter force wall described in each face is assembled by each reaction beam, passes through free assembly, the change of implementation model size.
6. automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1 or 4, feature exist
In：It is equipped in the model counterforce structure to carry the Liftable bottom plate of cast material, including bottom plate, bar shaped steel rib, hanging ring；
The bottom plate is equipped with hanging ring, and the bottom base plate is welded with bar shaped steel rib, and wherein steel rib can be embedded in thrust plate reserving gaps,
Bottom-loaded is realized to facilitate thrust plate to act on bottom plate.
7. the automation true triaxial Intelligent assembly physical analog test apparatus system according to claim 1-6 any one
Test method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Device setting is in working condition, and drives top beam locked cylinder, top reaction beam is unlocked, driving top beam automation
Elevating translational system removes the top reaction beam；
Step 2：Test material and related sensor are embedded in simulation test device and are compacted, driving top beam automation lifting is flat
The top reaction beam is moved back to original position, and top reaction beam is locked by shifting system；
Step 3：Test data is loaded, monitored and acquired to model；
Step 4：Step 1 is repeated, unlock, rising and the removal of the top reaction beam is completed, lifting part is connected by hoist cable
Model is hung out；
Step 5：Top reaction beam is moved back to original position and is locked, experiment finishes.
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| CN112540004A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-23 | 湖南工程学院 | Underground engineering three-way loading test device with displacement feedback and loading test method |
| CN113790967A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-14 | 安徽理工大学 | Intelligent loading multidimensional similar model test device |
| CN114323980B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-04-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Triaxial model test device and test method |
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| CN204731039U (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of test-bed being suitable for the simulation of mine laneway pucking |
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