CN108152141B - Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental apparatus - Google Patents
Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108152141B CN108152141B CN201711353276.8A CN201711353276A CN108152141B CN 108152141 B CN108152141 B CN 108152141B CN 201711353276 A CN201711353276 A CN 201711353276A CN 108152141 B CN108152141 B CN 108152141B
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- loading bin
- axial force
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011326 mechanical measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of mechanical experimental equipment, and aims to provide a rock mechanical true triaxial experimental device. The sample fixture comprises a hollow loading bin fixed on a mounting bracket, a sample fixture assembly and a lifting appliance assembly; the loading bin is provided with three axial force loading ports, and the connecting lines of the axial force loading ports and the center of the loading bin form X/Y/Z axes which are perpendicular to each other; a rock sample inlet is arranged on the other horizontal side face; the three axial force loading ports are fixedly provided with a loading hydraulic cylinder in a flange connection mode, and the rock sample inlet is fixedly provided with a sealing cover in a flange connection mode; the loading bin is internally provided with a telescopic guide rail, and the side wall of the loading bin is provided with a camera observation window, an oil-water interface and a cable interface. The device has better pressure resistance, can adapt to harsh experimental environment, and has the advantages of expanded mechanical measurement range and greatly increased experimental variety. The tester is applicable to various sample sizes, greatly improves the universality of the tester, and greatly reduces the test cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock mechanics true triaxial experimental device, and belongs to the field of mechanics experimental equipment.
Background
In the prior art, the rock true triaxial experimental device has the defects that the size of a single sample piece can only correspond to one experimental device due to the variety of the size of the sample piece, the universality is poor, and the resource waste is caused. In addition, most rock true triaxial experimental devices cannot observe the experimental progress, and some test effects are low in precision and fuzzy in experimental process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a rock mechanics true triaxial experimental device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following solutions:
the rock mechanics true triaxial experimental device comprises a hollow loading bin fixed on a mounting bracket; the device also comprises a sample clamp assembly and a lifting appliance assembly; an axial force loading port is respectively arranged on the top side surface and the two horizontal side surfaces of the loading bin, and the connecting lines of the axial force loading ports and the center of the loading bin form an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis which are mutually perpendicular in pairs; a rock sample inlet is arranged on the side surface opposite to one of the horizontal axial force loading ports; the three axial force loading ports are fixedly provided with a loading hydraulic cylinder in a flange connection mode, and the rock sample inlet is fixedly provided with a sealing cover in a flange connection mode; a telescopic guide rail is arranged in the loading bin, and a camera observation window, an oil-water interface and a cable interface are arranged on the side wall of the loading bin;
the sample clamp assembly comprises a rectangular plate-shaped stress buffer cushion and two rolling clamps, wherein the rolling clamps are movably arranged at two ends of the upper surface of the stress buffer cushion through clamp bearing seats at two ends of the rolling clamps; two pairs of hanging buckles are oppositely arranged on the side surface of the stress buffer cushion, and vertical through holes for installing bolts are formed in the hanging buckles; the telescopic guide rail is provided with a mounting position matched with the appearance of the stress buffer cushion, and the position of the telescopic guide rail is limited by a limiting block at the bottom of the stress buffer cushion;
the lifting appliance assembly comprises two vertical lifting support frames and guide rails fixedly arranged on the lifting support frames; the track crane comprises a hoisting frame, a roller frame for installing rollers is arranged at the top of the hoisting frame, and the track crane is arranged on the guide rail through the rollers; the bottom of the hoisting frame is provided with two rollers, and the steel wire rope is wound on the rollers; the two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixedly connected with a fixing bolt corresponding to the hanging buckle on the stress buffer cushion.
In the invention, the loading hydraulic cylinders are pressure doubling cylinders and are divided into two parts, namely an air cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder; wherein, the accumulator is arranged in the oil circuit system of the hydraulic cylinder.
In the invention, the main body of the loading bin is cylindrical, and the two ends of the main body are spherical; the loading bin comprises an inner bin and an outer bin, wherein the inner bin is sleeved in the outer bin through a sealing piece.
In the invention, the loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly arranged on the stress plate.
In the invention, the loading bin is fixed on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is welded on the mounting bracket.
The invention also comprises a stress sensor and a piezoelectric ceramic plate which are arranged in the sample piece, and a temperature sensor and a resistance measuring electrode which are arranged in the loading bin, wherein each measuring device is connected to a computer of the console through a cable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the bin body is designed into a cylinder shape, has better pressure resistance, can achieve 8000KN of axial test force, and can achieve more than 3 months of experiment time under the condition of additionally installing a circulating heat preservation system.
2. The observation window is designed in the bin body, so that an experimenter can intuitively observe the whole experimental process, and the observation window has more visual and scientific knowledge on the whole mechanical property of the rock.
3. The device can adapt to harsh experimental environment, and the mechanical measurement range is expanded and the experimental variety is greatly increased.
4. Through the selection that uses hoist device and to the sample clamp subassembly of different centre gripping distances, applicable multiple sample size has promoted test device's commonality greatly, greatly reduced test cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a rock true triaxial mechanical testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hoisting device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading bin;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer bin of the loading bin;
FIG. 5 is a sample holder assembly view;
fig. 6 is an assembly view of the spreader assembly.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, mounting a bracket; 2 axial force loading port (Y axis); 3, loading a hydraulic cylinder; 4 axial force loading port (Z axis); 5 axial force loading port (X axis); 6, a stress plate; 7, shooting an observation window; 8, an oil-water interface; 9, a bottom plate; 10 loading bins; 11 cable interfaces; 12 rock sample inlet; 13 sample holder assembly; 14 guide rails; 15 hoisting a supporting frame; 16 track crane;
loading bin assembly: 10-1 inner bin; 10-2 outer bin; 2-1 openings (Y-axis) corresponding to the axial force loading ports; 4-1 corresponds to the opening of the axial force loading port (Z axis); 5-1 openings (X-axis) corresponding to the axial force loading ports; 7-1 is corresponding to the opening of the camera observation window; 12-1 corresponds to an opening of the rock sample inlet;
sample clamp assembly: 13-1 sample piece; 13-2 force cushion pad; 13-3 rolling the fixture; 13-4 fixture bearing seats; 13-5 hanging buckles; 13-6 is a limit block;
and the lifting appliance assembly comprises: 14-1 roller; 14-2 roller frames; 14-3 steel wire ropes; 14-4 rollers; 14-5 lifting frames.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The rock mechanics true triaxial experimental device comprises a hollow loading bin 10, wherein the main body of the loading bin is cylindrical, and the two ends of the loading bin are spherical; the loading bin 10 is fixed on the bottom plate 9, and the bottom plate 9 is welded on the mounting bracket 1. The loading bin 10 comprises two shell-shaped structures of an inner bin 10-1 and an outer bin 10-2, wherein the inner bin 10-1 is sleeved in the outer bin 10-2 through a sealing piece. An axial force loading port, namely a (Y-axis) axial force loading port 2, a (Z-axis) axial force loading port 4 and a (X-axis) axial force loading port 5, is provided on the top side and the two horizontal side of the loading chamber 10, respectively. The axial force loading ports and the central connecting line of the loading bin 10 form an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis which are mutually perpendicular in pairs. On the side opposite to the (X-axis) axial force loading port 5, a rock sample inlet 12 is provided; the three axial force loading ports are fixedly provided with a loading hydraulic cylinder 3 in a flange connection mode, and the loading hydraulic cylinders 3 are fixedly arranged on the stress plate. The loading hydraulic cylinders 3 are pressure doubling cylinders and are divided into two parts, namely an air cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder; wherein, the accumulator is arranged in the oil circuit system of the hydraulic cylinder.
The rock sample inlet 12 is fixedly provided with a sealing cover in a flange connection mode; a telescopic guide rail is arranged in the loading bin 10, and a camera observation window 7, an oil-water interface 8 and a cable interface 11 are arranged on the side wall of the loading bin 10; for measuring purposes, a stress sensor and a piezoelectric ceramic plate are installed in the rock sample piece 13-1, a temperature sensor and a resistance measuring electrode are installed in the loading bin 10, and each measuring device is connected to a computer of a control console through a cable.
The apparatus further comprises a sample clamp assembly and a spreader assembly, wherein: the sample clamp assembly comprises a rectangular plate-shaped stress buffer cushion 13-2 and two rolling clamps 13-3, wherein the rolling clamps 13-3 are movably arranged at two ends of the upper surface of the stress buffer cushion 13-2 through clamp bearing seats 13-4 at two ends of the rolling clamps; two pairs of hanging buckles 13-5 are oppositely arranged on the side surface of the stress buffer cushion 13-2, and vertical through holes for installing bolts are formed in the hanging buckles 13-5; the telescopic guide rail is provided with an installation position matched with the appearance of the stress buffer cushion 13-2, and the position of the telescopic guide rail is limited by a limiting block 13-6 at the bottom of the stress buffer cushion 13-2; the lifting appliance assembly comprises two vertical lifting support frames 15 and guide rails 14 fixedly arranged on the lifting support frames; the track crane 16 comprises a hoisting frame 14-5, a roller frame 14-2 for installing a roller 14-1 is arranged at the top of the hoisting frame 14-5, and the track crane 16 is arranged on the guide rail 14 through the roller 14-1; the bottom of the hoisting frame 14-5 is provided with two rollers 14-4, and the steel wire rope 14-3 is wound on the rollers 14-4; the two ends of the steel wire rope 14-3 are fixedly connected with a fixing bolt respectively and are used for being correspondingly arranged in the vertical through hole of the hanging buckle 13-5 on the stress buffer cushion 13-2.
Further description:
in the loading bin 10, the inner bin 10-1 is made of high-pressure-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy, and is sleeved in the outer bin 10-2 by adopting a sealing piece, and the structural design of the inner bin and the outer bin is used for playing a role in heat insulation. The loading hydraulic cylinder 3 realizes dynamic loading and static loading through the X/Y/Z three-axis axial force loading ports. The outer bin 10-2 is provided with a plurality of cable interfaces 11 to prevent interference of transmission signals between sensor signal lines. When the confining pressure and seepage experiment is carried out, the oil and the clean water are pressurized and circularly insulated through the oil-water interface 8. When experiments are carried out, the conditions of the experiments are observed through the camera observation window 7, the camera observation window 7 is made of high-pressure-resistant glass, the observation effect is optimal at 0-120 ℃, and the influence of heat preservation oil on the glass is minimal in the temperature range.
The using method of the device is as follows:
firstly, the telescopic guide rail is pulled out from the inner bin 10-1, so that the installation position of the telescopic guide rail extends out of the rock sample inlet 12; the sample 13-1 is loaded on the stress buffer pad 13-2 by using other lifting tools, and the rolling clamp 13-3 is rotated under the action of the gravity of the sample 13-1 to clamp and fix the sample 13-1. The sample piece 13-1 can release the kinetic energy in the Z-axis loading direction through the force-bearing cushion 13-2.
The lifting appliance component is moved to the stress buffer cushion 13-2, and fixing bolts at the tail ends of the steel wire ropes 14-3 are correspondingly arranged in the lifting buckles 13-5 one by one. The motor is then activated to cause drum 14-4 to wind up wire rope 14-3, lifting up the force-bearing cushion 13-2 containing the test specimen 13-1. And the track crane 16 is moved to enable the stress buffer cushion 13-2 to be shifted to the installation position on the telescopic guide rail, the motor is started to enable the roller 14-4 to put down the steel wire rope 14-3, the stress buffer cushion 13-2 falls into the installation position, and the accurate positioning is realized by the limiting block 13-6 at the bottom of the stress buffer cushion. When the sample piece 13-1 is loaded into the loading bin 10 along with the telescopic guide rail, the geometric center of the sample piece 13-1 coincides with the geometric center of the loading bin 10 (namely, the intersection point of X/Y/Z axes), so that the accuracy of experimental data is ensured. And then a sealing cover is fixedly arranged at the rock sample inlet 12 in a flange connection mode, and oil or clean water is injected into the loading bin 10 through the oil-water interface 8 according to experimental requirements.
In the test process, the dynamic load of the test device is triangular load: peak pressure=0 to 50Mpa, boost test piece tr=2 to 15ms, positive pressure time t+=3t. The whole system has high test precision and wide test range, and the test function can be diversified.
Claims (2)
1. The rock mechanics true triaxial experimental device comprises a hollow loading bin fixed on a mounting bracket; the loading bin is characterized in that the main body of the loading bin is cylindrical, and two ends of the main body are spherical; the loading bin comprises an inner bin and an outer bin which are of shell-shaped structures, and the inner bin is sleeved in the outer bin through a sealing piece;
the device also comprises a sample clamp assembly and a lifting appliance assembly; an axial force loading port is respectively arranged on the top side surface and the two horizontal side surfaces of the loading bin, and the connecting lines of the axial force loading ports and the center of the loading bin form an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis which are mutually perpendicular in pairs; a rock sample inlet is arranged on the side surface opposite to one of the horizontal axial force loading ports; the three axial force loading ports are fixedly provided with a loading hydraulic cylinder in a flange connection mode, and the rock sample inlet is fixedly provided with a sealing cover in a flange connection mode; a telescopic guide rail is arranged in the loading bin, and a camera observation window, an oil-water interface and a cable interface are arranged on the side wall of the loading bin; the loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly arranged on the stress plate; the loading bin is fixed on a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is welded on the mounting bracket;
the sample clamp assembly comprises a rectangular plate-shaped stress buffer cushion and two rolling clamps, wherein the rolling clamps are movably arranged at two ends of the upper surface of the stress buffer cushion through clamp bearing seats at two ends of the rolling clamps, and can clamp and fix a sample after rotating under the action of gravity of the sample; two pairs of hanging buckles are oppositely arranged on the side surface of the stress buffer cushion, and vertical through holes for installing bolts are formed in the hanging buckles; the telescopic guide rail is provided with a mounting position matched with the appearance of the stress buffer cushion, and the position of the telescopic guide rail is limited by a limiting block at the bottom of the stress buffer cushion;
the lifting appliance assembly comprises two vertical lifting support frames and guide rails fixedly arranged on the lifting support frames; the track crane comprises a hoisting frame, a roller frame for installing rollers is arranged at the top of the hoisting frame, and the track crane is arranged on the guide rail through the rollers; the bottom of the hoisting frame is provided with two rollers, and the steel wire rope is wound on the rollers; the two tail ends of the steel wire rope are fixedly connected with a fixing bolt corresponding to the hanging buckle on the stress buffer cushion respectively;
the sample is internally provided with a stress sensor and a piezoelectric ceramic plate, the loading bin is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a resistance measuring electrode, and each measuring device is connected to a computer of a control console through a cable.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the loading hydraulic cylinders are pressure doubling cylinders and are divided into two parts, namely a cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder; wherein, the accumulator is arranged in the oil circuit system of the hydraulic cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711353276.8A CN108152141B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711353276.8A CN108152141B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108152141A CN108152141A (en) | 2018-06-12 |
| CN108152141B true CN108152141B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711353276.8A Active CN108152141B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental apparatus |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108918284A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of visualization true triaxial experimental provision |
| CN110672433A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-01-10 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Can realize base of rock shearing seepage flow comprehensive simulation equipment of pressure release |
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| CN104897467A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-09 | 山东理工大学 | True-triaxial loading and unloading rock stress relaxation test device and test method |
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| CN106644744A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-10 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Rock true triaxial test method capable of realizing external loading of test specimen |
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| CN207623149U (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | Rock mechanics true triaxial experimental provision |
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2017
- 2017-12-15 CN CN201711353276.8A patent/CN108152141B/en active Active
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| CN104897467A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-09 | 山东理工大学 | True-triaxial loading and unloading rock stress relaxation test device and test method |
| CN105510069A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-20 | 山东大学 | Automatic true-triaxial intelligent assembling physical simulation test device system and test method |
| CN105464009A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 邓泽仲 | Device for rapidly replacing bridge and construction method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 尹光志 ; 李铭辉 ; 许江 ; 王维忠 ; 李文璞 ; 李星 ; 宋真龙 ; 邓博知 ; .多功能真三轴流固耦合试验系统的研制与应用.岩石力学与工程学报.2015,第34卷(第12期),第2-3节. * |
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