CN105508078B - 高效热气机 - Google Patents

高效热气机 Download PDF

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CN105508078B
CN105508078B CN201610035720.0A CN201610035720A CN105508078B CN 105508078 B CN105508078 B CN 105508078B CN 201610035720 A CN201610035720 A CN 201610035720A CN 105508078 B CN105508078 B CN 105508078B
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夏致俊
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Xu Rongxin
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Jiangsu Yuanzhiyi Electric Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02G2242/00—Ericsson-type engines having open regenerative cycles controlled by valves
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    • F02G2242/06—Displacer-type engines having constant working volume with external drive displacers
    • F02G2242/10—Displacer-type engines having constant working volume with external drive displacers having mechanically actuated valves, e.g. "Gifford" or "McMahon engines"
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高效热气机。它包括具有加热器的膨胀腔和具有冷却器的压缩腔，两个腔体之间通过回热器连接贯通，加热器和膨胀腔体之间的通道设置有一号阀门装置，所述冷却器和压缩腔之间的通道设置有二号阀门装置，一号阀门装置能够封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道，二号阀门装置能够封闭或打开冷却器和压缩腔之间的通道。采用上述结构后，在加热端加热膨胀时，另一端的冷却端被封闭，反之在冷却端冷却收缩时，另外一端的加热端封闭，使加热的能量得到充分利用，从而提高了热机效率。

Description

高效热气机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种斯特林发动机的改进，具体地说是一种高效热气机。
背景技术
传统的热气机一般是由移气缸体以及设置在移气缸体两端的加热器、冷却器构成，移气缸体内设置移气活塞将移气缸体分割成加热腔体和冷却腔体，两个腔体通过回热通道连接贯通，然而现有的这种热气机，由于结构设计不合理，在加热膨胀推动动力活塞做功的同时一部分热能通过回热器进入冷却端，热能量被中和，导致了热气机的效率受到制约，从而无法推广使用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够使加热的能量得到充分利用，从而提高热机效率的高效热气机。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的高效热气机，包括具有加热器的膨胀腔体和具有冷却器的压缩腔体，两个腔体之间通过回热器连接贯通，加热器和膨胀腔体之间的通道设置有一号阀门装置，所述冷却器和压缩腔体之间的通道设置有二号阀门装置，一号阀门装置能够封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道，二号阀门装置能够封闭或打开冷却器和压缩腔体之间的通道。
所述膨胀腔体和压缩腔体位于一个移气缸体内，所述移气缸体内设置有能够在移气缸体内往复移动的移气活塞。
所述回热器设置在移气活塞内。
所述一号阀门装置和二号阀门装置均包括有阀体以及安装在阀体上的导向杆，所述导向杆的末端位于移气活塞内侧，所述阀门装置和移气活塞之间设置有弹簧；所述一号阀门装置能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道；二号阀门装置能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开冷却器与压缩腔体之间的通道。
所述移气活塞上设置有位于移气活塞两侧的活塞环，所述移气活塞上还设置有位于两侧活塞环之间的环槽，所述移气缸体上设置有与移气缸体相通的动力缸体，动力缸体内设置有能够在动力缸体内对外做功的动力活塞，所述动力缸体的位置处于在移气活塞左右移动到极限位时，动力缸体的上端入口仍处在移气活塞的环槽的区间内。
所述移气活塞的两侧的端面均设置成镂空结构，所述移气活塞中位于膨胀腔一侧的端面与移气活塞内的回热器之间设置有空腔，该空腔与移气活塞的环槽之间设置有通孔。
所述回热器的左右两侧端面上设置有与导向杆相对应的导向孔。
所述移气缸体的两端端部分别设置有锥形面，所述阀体具有能够与锥形面相配合的外轮廓，所述导向杆设置为中空结构，所述一号阀门装置的导向杆内设置有内导杆，一号阀门装置的阀体与内导杆之间安装有直线轴承；所述二号阀门装置的导向杆内设置有移气活塞杆，二号阀门装置的阀体与移气活塞杆之间安装有直线轴承。
所述二号阀门装置的导向杆上有轴向对称设置有的穿越孔，移气活塞杆上连接有穿过穿越孔的连接件，所述连接件和移气活塞固定连接。
采用上述结构后，在加热端加热膨胀时，另一端的冷却端被封闭，反之在冷却端冷却收缩时，另外一端的加热端封闭，使加热的能量得到充分利用，从而提高了热机效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明高效热气机的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明的高效热气机作进一步详细说明。
如图所示，本发明的高效热气机，包括具有加热器1的膨胀腔体2和具有冷却器3的压缩腔体4，两个腔体之间通过回热器5连接贯通，加热器1和膨胀腔体2之间的通道设置有一号阀门装置6，冷却器3和压缩腔体4之间的通道设置有二号阀门装置7，一号阀门装置6能够封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道，二号阀门装置7能够封闭或打开冷却器3和压缩腔体4之间的通道。
其中，本实施例中，所说的膨胀腔体2和压缩腔体4位于一个移气缸体8内，移气缸体8内设置有能够在移气缸体内往复移动的移气活塞9，回热器5设置在移气活塞9内；所说的一号阀门装置6包括有一号阀体20以及安装在一号阀体上的一号导向杆14，一号导向杆14的末端位于移气活塞内侧，由图可见，一号导向杆14的末端还设置有位于移气活塞内侧的限位凸台，一号阀体20和移气活塞9之间设置有安装在一号导向杆14上的一号弹簧15；另外，一号弹簧15也可以设置在回热器与一号导向杆14末端设置的限位凸台之间，一号阀门装置6能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道；所说的二号阀门装置7包括有二号阀体16以及安装在二号阀体上的二号导向杆17，二号导向杆17的末端位于移气活塞内侧，由图可见，二号导向杆17的末端还设置有位于移气活塞内侧的限位凸台，二号阀体16和移气活塞9之间设置有安装在二号导向杆17上的二号弹簧18；另外，二号弹簧18也可以设置在回热器与与二号导向杆17末端设置的限位凸台之间，二号阀门装置7能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开冷却器和压缩腔体4之间的通道；所说的移气缸体8的两端端部分别设置有锥形面，一号阀体20和二号阀体16上均具有能够与其各自的锥形面相配合的外轮廓，一号导向杆14和二号导向杆17均设置为中空结构，一号导向杆14内设置有内导杆19，一号阀体20与内导杆19之间安装有直线轴承，使一号阀门装置6能沿内导向杆20作往复直线运动；二号导向杆17内设置有移气活塞杆，二号阀体16与移气活塞杆之间安装有直线轴承，使二号阀门装置7能沿移气活塞杆作往复直线运动。
进一步地，所说的移气活塞9上设置有位于移气活塞两侧的活塞环，移气活塞9上还设置有位于两侧活塞环之间的环槽，移气缸体8上设置有与移气缸体相通的动力缸体10，动力缸体10内设置有能够在动力缸体内对外做功的动力活塞11，动力缸体10的位置处于在移气活塞9左右移动到极限位时，动力缸体的上端入口仍处在移气活塞的环槽的区间内，移气活塞9的两侧的端面均设置成镂空结构，移气活塞9中位于膨胀腔2一侧的端面与移气活塞内的回热器之间设置有空腔12，该空腔与移气活塞的环槽之间设置有通孔，所说的回热器5的左右两侧端面上还设置有与导向杆相对应的导向孔13，移气活塞9中位于压缩腔体4一侧的端面具有设置在导向杆中心的移气活塞杆，二号阀门装置7的导向杆上有轴向对称设置有的穿越孔，移气活塞杆上连接有穿过穿越孔的连接件，连接件和移气活塞固定连接。

Claims (7)

1.一种高效热气机，包括具有加热器(1)的膨胀腔体(2)和具有冷却器(3)的压缩腔体(4)，两个腔体之间通过回热器(5)连接贯通，其特征在于：所述加热器(1)和膨胀腔体(2)之间的通道设置有一号阀门装置(6)，所述冷却器(3)和压缩腔体(4)之间的通道设置有二号阀门装置(7)，一号阀门装置(6)能够封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体之间的通道，二号阀门装置(7)能够封闭或打开冷却器(3)和压缩腔体(4)之间的通道；所述膨胀腔体(2)和压缩腔体(4)位于一个移气缸体(8)内，所述移气缸体(8)内设置有能够在移气缸体内往复移动的移气活塞(9)；所述移气活塞(9)上设置有位于移气活塞两侧的活塞环，所述移气活塞(9)上还设置有位于两侧活塞环之间的环槽，所述移气缸体(8)上设置有与移气缸体相通的动力缸体(10)，动力缸体(10)内设置有能够在动力缸体内对外做功的动力活塞(11)，所述动力缸体(10)的位置处于在移气活塞(9)左右移动到极限位时，动力缸体的上端入口仍处在移气活塞的环槽的区间内。
2.按照权利要求1所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述回热器(5)设置在移气活塞(9)内。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述一号阀门装置(6)和二号阀门装置(7)均包括有阀体以及安装在阀体上的导向杆，所述导向杆的末端位于移气活塞内侧，所述阀门装置和移气活塞之间设置有弹簧；所述一号阀门装置(6)能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开加热器与膨胀腔体(2)之间的通道；二号阀门装置(7)能够在移气活塞的带动下封闭或打开冷却器与压缩腔体(4)之间的通道。
4.按照权利要求3所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述移气活塞(9)的两侧的端面均设置成镂空结构，所述移气活塞(9)中位于膨胀腔(2)一侧的端面与移气活塞内的回热器之间设置有空腔(12)，该空腔与移气活塞的环槽之间设置有通孔。
5.按照权利要求4所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述回热器(5)的左右两侧端面上设置有与导向杆相对应的导向孔(13)。
6.按照权利要求5所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述移气缸体(8)的两端端部分别设置有锥形面，所述阀体具有能够与锥形面相配合的外轮廓，所述导向杆设置为中空结构，所述一号阀门装置(6)的导向杆内设置有内导杆(19)，一号阀门装置(6)的阀体与内导杆(19)之间安装有直线轴承；所述二号阀门装置(7)的导向杆内设置有移气活塞杆，二号阀门装置(7)的阀体与移气活塞杆之间安装有直线轴承。
7.按照权利要求6所述的高效热气机，其特征在于：所述二号阀门装置(7)的导向杆上有轴向对称设置有的穿越孔，移气活塞杆上连接有穿过穿越孔的连接件，所述连接件和移气活塞固定连接。
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