CN105499217B - Clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell - Google Patents
Clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN105499217B CN105499217B CN201610028799.4A CN201610028799A CN105499217B CN 105499217 B CN105499217 B CN 105499217B CN 201610028799 A CN201610028799 A CN 201610028799A CN 105499217 B CN105499217 B CN 105499217B
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- gas
- hot cell
- air lock
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0007—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by explosions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0021—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by liquid gases or supercritical fluids
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- Cleaning In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell, the mode for taking triple air lock isolation to be combined with clad structure, cleaning unit and the isolation of hot cell external environment are opened, it is easy to the radioactive ash and CO 2 waste gas that will wash out effectively collect and post-process, technological process is simple and easy to apply, avoid existing scheme and easily cause radioactive grain and the harm for causing nuclear facilities radioactive effluent to environment is spread in hot cell, also the risk of practitioner's occupational exposure can be substantially reduced, avoiding cleaning agent solid carbon dioxide in cleaning process simultaneously, largely distillation removes the influence that tritium system is caused to hot cell, it can also prevent other compositions impurity from entering cleaning waste, realize cleaning waste unification, radwaste is facilitated to post-process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to clean dirt process and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell, belong to radioactive pollution control and
Process field.
Background technology
Hot cell is the place for handling radwaste, and the cleaning technique of high efficient and reliable can effectively reduce occupational exposure
Dosage simultaneously controls associated radioactivity effluent to enter natural environment, plays and prevents and treats the work that radioactivity contactant spreads with pollutant
With.
It is considerably complicated process mutually to concern core in hot cell to relate to the technique process of tritium, up and down interdependence and phase between step
Mutually constraint, each technological process and process are required to use Whole Course Management, could meet ALARA principle, fusion reactor heat
Indoor cleaning process is a very necessary and indispensable step in fusion facility incore component maintenance process, directly
Have influence on the life-span of related remote operating equipment and radioactive contamination degree inside hot cell, and related practitioner occupational exposure
The pollution condition of dosage and nuclear facilities radioactive effluent to environment.
Correlative study shows that the cleaning of volatile particle shot-peening is the preferred cleaning method in fusion facility hot cell, but its
There is also sizable problem：Great amount of carbon dioxide gas can bring many potential to gas handling system huge in hot cell
Risk and problem.Thus the method for dry ice explosion cleaning is undecided always, has pind down the progress of hot cell correlation technique research and development.
The content of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem：It is clear except tritium system can not handle explosion on a large scale for existing fusion facility hot cell
Lotion carbon dioxide, causes detritiation thrashing, and also considerably increases the limitation that cleaning method in hot cell is selected,
Clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion facility hot cell is provided, can realize carbon dioxide explosion cleaning program in hot cell
While portion smoothly realizes radioactive contamination surface clean decontamination task, additionally it is possible to avoid expansion of the radioactive ash in hot cell
Dissipate, while solving current hot cell except tritium system can not handle the problem of carbon dioxide.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of clean dirt method in fusion reactor hot cell, realizes step such as
Under：
(1) vacuumize and inflate in one-level air lock：Part to be cleaned enters after one-level air lock, by one-level air-lock
What interior was brought into hot cell mixes gas vacuum state, reaches the purpose of internal and external environment and atmosphere isolation；It will take out
Cross and cryogenic carbon dioxide gas is full of inside the one-level air lock after vacuum, cryogenic carbon dioxide gas fills associated cavity, complete
Into gas exchange process, component transports to be cleaned are gone out into one-level air lock, into purge chamber；
(2) explosion cleaning, purging and carrier gas in purge chamber：In purge chamber, using high pressure low temperature carbon dioxide as
Power source promotes dry ice particles to carry out shot-peening explosion cleaning to part to be cleaned, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas purging is utilized afterwards
Parts surface, then current-carrying gas, which is opened, takes the gas with dust out of purge chamber, carries out corresponding innoxious post processing, it
The part finished is cleaned afterwards enters two grades of air locks；
Vacuumized and return-air in (3) two grades of air locks：In two grades of air locks, vacuumize to reach inside isolation purge chamber
The purpose of dust and gas；Clean carbon dioxide is poured to two grades of air locks for being pumped through vacuum, Transition Impurities ring is reached
The purpose in border, subsequently into Airshower chamber
(4) wind drenches：In Airshower chamber, by Blow shower nozzle spray high speed carbon dioxide gas stream blow down parts surface absorption and
The radioactive ash of residual reaches the purpose of Local Purification；The corresponding component that wind is drenched after terminating, into three-level air lock；
(5) vacuumized and return-air in three-level air lock：In three-level air lock, vacuumize and extract all carbon dioxide gas
Body, preventing and treating enters outside hot cell gaseous environment, then pours hot cell environmental interior gas, completes gas-insulated and exchanges.
Below -40 degrees Celsius of the temperature of cryogenic carbon dioxide gas in the step (1), kept for 15-20 minutes together, with
The influence of waste heat and decay heat to wash products is reduced, prevents from largely producing reluctant cleaning accessory substance tritium in cleaning process
Water.
The pressure adjustable scope in high-pressure carbon dioxide gas in the step (2) is 10-500bar.
Clean dirt device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell, it is characterised in that：Including one-level air lock, two grades of air locks, three
Level air lock, purge chamber, Airshower chamber, internal layer clad structure, external sheath structure, conveying track, double-layer seal door, maintenance are emergent
Window；It is connected on the left of one-level air lock with hot cell, right side is connected with purge chamber；It is connected on the right side of purge chamber with two grades of air locks,
It is connected on the right side of two grades of air locks with Airshower chamber；It is connected on the right side of Airshower chamber with three-level air lock, with hot cell phase on the right side of three-level air lock
Even.Air locks at different levels and left and right join domain are completely cut off using double-layer seal door, one, be reserved with the top of three-level air lock it is normally closed
Maintenance meet an urgent need window；Remote operating device is by incore component after main frame removes out vacuum chamber, and incore component enters from dock entrance
Hot cell, larger part is again by being divided into the subassembly of some needs cleanings after disassembling, part to be cleaned enters one-level gas
After lock chamber, gas vacuum state will be mixed in one-level air lock, cryogenic carbon dioxide gas filling phase is poured afterwards
Cavity is closed, carbon dioxide temperature is controlled below -40 degrees Celsius, and gas exchange process is completed after being kept for 15-20 minutes, it is whole clear
Wash technique to carry out in single carbon dioxide atmosphere, component transports to be cleaned go out air lock, transported by track and transport vehicle
Purge chamber is delivered to, contaminated surface is cleaned using carbon dioxide explosion, the weak solidity of surface contamination is dirty after explosion cleaning terminates
Dye thing is separated with matrix, recycles high-pressure carbon dioxide gas purging cleaning surface, current-carrying gas, which is opened, afterwards will carry dust
Gas take purge chamber out of, so far complete main wash step, afterwards into two grades of air locks, air lock sealing after to air-lock
Interior is vacuumized, the remaining dusty gas in isolation purge chamber, is opened a sluice gate after inflation, into Airshower chamber, after high flow capacity wind drenches,
Into three-level air lock, extracting carbon dioxide prevents from entering hot cell environment, pours and goes out three-level air-lock after the environmental gas of hot cell
After room, preliminary packaging, storage completes all cleaning process flows, and link is safeguarded into next.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) cleaning performance is good.The present invention using cladding and multistage air lock will clean indoor environment and hot cell external environment every
Come absolutely so that mass exchange will not occur inside and outside purge chamber, be conducive to radioactive grain to collect, and the regeneration of cleaning waste is followed
Ring, radioactive grain removal is more abundant, and radioactive grain collecting effect more preferably, leaks the gas into hot cell and is difficult to by detritiation system
Uniting, the carbon dioxide removed is less, and only minimal amount of cleaning agent is leaked into hot cell.
(2) present invention process flow is simple, is easy to operation, when being especially suitable for incore component extensive maintenance cleaning in hot cell
Use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is relative position relation and structure sectional view in the hot cell of apparatus of the present invention place；
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention internal view.
Embodiment
In order to more clearly state the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1：The technological process of clean dirt in hot cell involved in the present invention：
Vacuumize：It is mutually to completely cut off the environment and atmosphere of different zones to vacuumize main purpose, and the step is prevented
It will mix in hot cell in gas and cleaning unit and occur gas exchanges between gaseous environment, reach cleaning indoor and outdoor surroundingses and gas
The purpose of atmosphere isolation.
Inflation：Cryogenic carbon dioxide gas is full of to being pumped through inside the one-level air lock after vacuum, gas exchanges mistake is completed
Journey.
Explosion is cleaned：After the isolation of completion environment and gas exchanges, it will be done under the promotion of high pressure low temperature carbon dioxide
Ice particle is injected in surface to be cleaned by injector, and surface to be cleaned is adhered into attachment and the radioactive ash loosened
Separated with the loose material of activated material irradiation damage, reach the purpose of clean dirt.
Purging：Gases at high pressure purging is carried out to relevant position in surface to be cleaned and cladding, loose graininess dirt is blown away
Angstrom.
Carrier gas：Gas enters in cladding flow velocity and flow are increased, the waste gas and particle of cleaning are taken out of in clad structure
Portion, purification and filter are brought into from corresponding passage.
Vacuumize：Complete after cleaning, corresponding component enters two grades of air locks, vacuumize to reach inside isolation purge chamber
The purpose of dust and gas.
Inflation：Clean carbon dioxide is poured to two grades of air locks for being pumped through vacuum, Transition Impurities environment is reached
Purpose.
Wind drenches：Into Airshower chamber, clean carbon dioxide gas stream is sprayed by Blow shower nozzle and blows down parts surface absorption and residual
The radioactive ash stayed reaches the purpose of Local Purification.
Vacuumize：Wind drench terminate after, into three-level air lock, vacuumize and extract all carbon dioxides, prevent into
Enter outside hot cell gaseous environment.
Return-air：Air lock pours hot cell environmental interior gas, completes gas and breaks off relations and exchange.
Packaging：Go out after three-level air lock, preliminary packaging.
Storage：Into caching storehouse, further processing is treated.
As shown in Figure 2,3, when fusion facility needs to safeguard, the remote operating attending device of different incore components is by inside heap
Part enters hot cell after removing out vacuum chamber from host maintenance window and carries out related maintenance.The embodiment of the present invention is with cladding modular
Exemplified by, after after shutdown, main frame is opened after vacuum, and remote operating device enters in heap from device main frame remote operating maintenance window 1, by heap
Inner part is separated with main frame, and incore component to be safeguarded encapsulates transport, transhipment Cask dollies 2 and hot cell by transporting Cask dollies 2
After the dock entrance docking of docking station 3, incore component enters the buffer storage of hot cell docking station 3, larger part again by disassembling after
It is divided into the widget of some needs cleanings, opens the hermatic door together with the layer door structure that docking station is docked of one-level air lock 4, treat
The part of cleaning closes the hermatic door between docking station 3 and one-level air lock 4 after entering one-level air lock 4, and incore component is empty
Gas contained by intracavitary is taken out to the greatest extent, forms vacuum state, and cryogenic carbon dioxide gas is poured afterwards and fills associated cavity, carbon dioxide
Temperature control is below -40 degrees Celsius, and being kept for 15 minutes, (influence of reduction waste heat and decay heat to wash products, prevents cleaning
During produce reluctant cleaning accessory substance HTO), gas exchange process is completed afterwards, whole cleaning is in dioxy
Change in carbon atmosphere and carry out, the hermatic door that one-level air lock is connected with purge chamber is opened afterwards, component transports to be cleaned go out one-level gas
Lock chamber 4, into purge chamber 5, dry ice particles are promoted using high pressure low temperature carbon dioxide as power source to portion to be cleaned
Part carries out shot-peening explosion cleaning, afterwards using high-pressure carbon dioxide gas purging cleaning surface, and then current-carrying gas is opened band
The gas for having dust takes purge chamber out of, completes after main wash step, into two grades of air locks 6, two grades of air locks seal it
Afterwards to being vacuumized in air lock, the remaining dusty gas in isolation purge chamber is opened a sluice gate after inflation, into Airshower chamber 7, high flow capacity
After wind drenches, into three-level air lock 8, extract carbon dioxide preventing and treating and enter other regions 9 of hot cell, pour after low temperature nitrogen
Go out three-level air lock 8, after preliminary packaging, storage completes all cleaning process flows.
Device sectional view in the present invention in the one-level air lock 4 being wherein connected with hot cell docking station as shown in figure 3, mainly contain
First double-layer seal door 10 and the second double-layer seal door 12, conveying track 11 and safeguard emergent window 13, one-level air lock 4 with it is clear
Chamber wash 5 is connected by the second double-layer seal door 12, and purge chamber 5 is made up of external sheath structure 14 and internal layer clad structure 15, and two
Level air lock 6 or so is connected to purge chamber 5 and Airshower chamber by the 3rd double-layer seal door 16 and the 4th double-layer seal door 17 respectively
7, the right side of Airshower chamber 7 is connected to three-level air lock 8, right side and other areas of hot cell of three-level air lock 8 by double-layer seal door 18
Domain is connected, and it is interior mainly comprising the 5th double-layer seal door 18 and the 6th double-layer seal door 21, and conveying track 19 and maintenance are emergent
Window 20.
Air lock uses double-layer seal door as shown in figure 3, only another side seal is opened in side when using in the present invention
Close, complete correlation vacuumize, inflate after be exchanged with opposite side unlatching, play the work of mass exchange in the connected two spaces of isolation
With.
In a word, the present invention provides the barrier of clean dirt unit material and the technique stream isolated in a kind of fusion facility hot cell
Journey, the technological process can realize that core is related in fusion facility and fusion reactor hot cell relates to incore component clean dirt under tritium particular surroundings
Waste component is single and does not occur mass exchange with hot cell environment.The process takes triple air locks to isolate and clad structure
With reference to mode, by cleaning unit and hot cell external environment isolation open, be easy to the radioactive ash and carbon dioxide that will wash out to give up
Gas effectively collect and post-process, technological process is simple and easy to apply, it is to avoid existing scheme easily causes radioactive grain in hot cell
Interior diffusion causes harm of the nuclear facilities radioactive effluent to environment, can also substantially reduce the wind of practitioner's occupational exposure
Danger, while avoiding cleaning agent solid carbon dioxide in cleaning process, largely distillation removes the influence that tritium system is caused to hot cell, also
It can prevent his constituent impurity from entering cleaning waste, realize cleaning nonsense unification, facilitate radwaste to post-process.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of clean dirt method in fusion reactor hot cell, it is characterised in that realize that step is as follows：
（1）Vacuumize and inflate in one-level air lock：Part to be cleaned enters after one-level air lock, by one-level air lock
That is brought into hot cell mixes gas vacuum state, reaches the purpose of internal and external environment and atmosphere isolation；It will be pumped through true
Cryogenic carbon dioxide gas is full of inside one-level air lock after sky, cryogenic carbon dioxide gas fills associated cavity, completes gas
Component transports to be cleaned are gone out one-level air lock by body exchange process, into purge chamber；The temperature of cryogenic carbon dioxide gas-
Less than 40 degrees Celsius；
（2）Explosion cleaning, purging and carrier gas in purge chamber：In purge chamber, power is used as using high pressure low temperature carbon dioxide
Source promotes dry ice particles to carry out shot-peening explosion cleaning to part to be cleaned, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas purging component is utilized afterwards
Surface, then current-carrying gas, which is opened, takes the gas with dust out of purge chamber, carries out corresponding innoxious post processing, Zhi Houqing
Complete part is washed into two grades of air locks；
（3）Vacuumized and return-air in two grades of air locks：In two grades of air locks, vacuumize to reach dust inside isolation purge chamber
With the purpose of gas；Clean carbon dioxide is filled with to two grades of air locks for being pumped through vacuum, Transition Impurities environment is reached
Purpose, subsequently into Airshower chamber；
（4）Wind drenches：In Airshower chamber, high speed carbon dioxide gas stream is sprayed by Blow shower nozzle and blows down parts surface absorption and residual
Radioactive ash reach the purpose of Local Purification；The corresponding component that wind is drenched after terminating, into three-level air lock；
（5）Vacuumized in three-level air lock and return-air：In three-level air lock, vacuumize and extract all carbon dioxides, prevent
Only enter outside hot cell gaseous environment, be then charged with hot cell environmental interior gas, complete gas-insulated and exchange.
2. clean dirt method in fusion reactor hot cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1）In
Cryogenic carbon dioxide gas fills associated cavity, is kept for 15-20 minutes, to reduce the shadow of waste heat and decay heat to wash products
Ring, prevent from largely producing reluctant accessory substance HTO in cleaning process.
3. clean dirt method in fusion reactor hot cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）In
High-pressure carbon dioxide gas pressure adjustable extent is 10-500bar.
4. clean dirt device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell, it is characterised in that：Including one-level air lock, two grades of air locks, three-levels
Air lock, purge chamber, Airshower chamber, internal layer clad structure, external sheath structure, conveying track, double-layer seal door, the emergent window of maintenance
Mouthful；It is connected on the left of one-level air lock with hot cell, right side is connected with purge chamber；It is connected on the right side of purge chamber with two grades of air locks, two
It is connected on the right side of level air lock with Airshower chamber；It is connected on the right side of Airshower chamber with three-level air lock, is connected on the right side of three-level air lock with hot cell,
Air locks at different levels and left and right join domain are completely cut off using double-layer seal door, one, be reserved with the top of three-level air lock it is normally closed
Safeguard emergent window；Remote operating device is by incore component after main frame removes out vacuum chamber, and incore component enters heat from dock entrance
Room, larger part is again by being divided into the subassembly of some needs cleanings after disassembling, part to be cleaned enters one-level air-lock
After room, gas vacuum state will be mixed in one-level air lock, the full correlation of cryogenic carbon dioxide gas is filled with afterwards
Cavity, carbon dioxide temperature is controlled below -40 degrees Celsius, and gas exchange process is completed after being kept for 15-20 minutes, whole cleaning
Technique is carried out in single carbon dioxide atmosphere, and component transports to be cleaned go out air lock, is transported by track and transport vehicle
To purge chamber, contaminated surface is cleaned using carbon dioxide explosion, the weak solidity pollution of surface contamination after explosion cleaning terminates
Thing is separated with matrix, recycles high-pressure carbon dioxide gas purging cleaning surface, and current-carrying gas is opened with dust afterwards
Gas takes purge chamber out of, so far completes main wash step, afterwards into two grades of air locks, to air lock after air lock sealing
Inside vacuumize, the remaining dusty gas in isolation purge chamber is opened a sluice gate after inflation, into Airshower chamber, after high flow capacity wind drenches, is entered
Enter three-level air lock, extracting carbon dioxide prevents from entering hot cell environment, is filled with after the environmental gas of hot cell and goes out three-level air lock,
After preliminary packaging, storage completes all cleaning process flows, and link is safeguarded into next.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610028799.4A CN105499217B (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-01-15 | Clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610028799.4A CN105499217B (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-01-15 | Clean dirt method and device in a kind of fusion reactor hot cell |
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| CN105499217A CN105499217A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105499217B true CN105499217B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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| CN113650828A (en) * | 2021-09-12 | 2021-11-16 | 深圳万和制药有限公司 | High-speed weighing and subpackaging packaging machine and method for weighing and subpackaging medicines at high speed |
| CN113650827A (en) * | 2021-09-12 | 2021-11-16 | 深圳万和制药有限公司 | High-speed weighing, subpackaging and packaging machine for packaging double-material medicines and medicine production method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4655847A (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1987-04-07 | Tsuyoshi Ichinoseki | Cleaning method |
| CN103182389B (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2016-01-27 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Physical and chemical mixed cleaning process for reactor heat exchanger |
| US20130263890A1 (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-10-10 | Mid-American Gunite, Inc. | Cleaning of radioactive contamination using dry ice |
| JP6328944B2 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2018-05-23 | 大成建設株式会社 | Dry ice blasting equipment |
| JP6193604B2 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2017-09-06 | 東芝プラントシステム株式会社 | Decontamination system and decontamination method using dry ice |
| CN204045226U (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-24 | 武汉海王新能源工程技术有限公司 | A kind of dry ice decontamination plant for removing radiation |
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