CN105497315A - 一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105497315A CN105497315A CN201610033802.1A CN201610033802A CN105497315A CN 105497315 A CN105497315 A CN 105497315A CN 201610033802 A CN201610033802 A CN 201610033802A CN 105497315 A CN105497315 A CN 105497315A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份。本发明运用:枸杞子温补肾阳;母菊清热解毒、止咳平喘;磨盘草疏风清热、化痰止咳;山百足祛痰止咳,解郁散瘀;尖药花益气补虚;罐嘴菜宣肺祛痰、利咽排脓、利五脏补气血、补五劳养气;葶苈子泻肺平喘,行水消肿;扶桑花清肺凉血、化湿解毒;马雹儿清热解毒、散结化痰;匙叶草活血化瘀、清热止咳。诸药合用,共奏补肺滋肾,化痰活血,止咳定喘之功。临床实验证明,本发明能够安全有效治疗肺间质纤维化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,具体涉及一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物。
背景技术
肺纤维化疾病突出症状是喘息、咳嗽,活动后气短喘息加重。是由多种原因引起的肺间质的炎症性疾病,病变主要累及肺间质,也可累及肺泡上皮细胞及肺血管。病因有的明确,有的未明。明确的病因有吸入无机粉尘如石棉、煤,有机粉尘如霉草尘、棉尘,气体如烟尘、二氧化硫等,病毒、细菌、真菌、寄生虫感染,药物影响及放射性损伤。中医中有关本病症状的描述散见于“肺萎”“肺痹”“喘症”“咳嗽”“肺胀”等疾病,并与之密切相关。肺间质纤维化的中医疾病名以“肺萎”“肺痹”居多。
肺间质纤维化此型在IIP中最为常见(占65%左右),50岁以上的成年人多发,约2/3患者年龄大于60岁,男性多于女性。临床表现为干咳、呼吸困难等,多数患者可闻及吸气性爆裂音,以双肺底部最为明显,三分之一以上的患者可见杵状指。肺功能异常主要为中至重度限制性通气功能障碍和(或)弥散功能障碍。实验室检查缺乏特征性,10%~25%的患者血清抗核抗体(ANA)和类风湿因子(RF)阳性。
临床表现
起病隐匿,进行性加重。①呼吸困难劳力性呼吸困难并进行性加重,呼吸浅速,可有鼻翼搧动和辅助肌参予呼吸,但大多没有端坐呼吸。②咳嗽、咳痰早期无咳嗽,以后可有干咳或少量粘液痰。易有继发感染,出现粘液脓性痰或脓痰,偶见血痰。③全身症状可有消瘦、乏力、食欲不振、关节酸痛等,一般比较少见。急性型可有发热。④查体可见胸廓呼吸运动减弱,双肺可闻及细湿罗音或捻发音。有不同程度紫绀和杵状指。晚期可出现右心衰竭体征。
早期或急性期,临床表现为咳嗽,咯痰、紫绀,胸部紧迫感或束带感,呼吸困难,两肺散在细捻发音,很快出现持续性过度换气。
亚急性期,临床表现为呼吸困难加重,紫绀明显,干咳少痰,气短无力,时有咳血,两肺可闻及广泛而细小捻发音等。
慢性病变期,临床可见胸痛,盗汗,食欲不振,呼吸短浅,消瘦,体重减轻,胸廊变小,扁平,肝浊音界上升,呼吸运动受限,晚期出现肺源性心脏病体征,也易反复出现气胸,最终死于呼吸衰竭。
诊断此症主要依靠实验室诊断①X线表现,肺部出现十分典型的弥漫性间质阴影,起始于中下肺。早期呈毛玻璃样影,其内有隐约可见的结节,随后出现网结节,结节阴影小自粟粒状、小结节状、中结节状直到大结节阴影(直径>5mm),但大多数为小网结节状(直径3mm)②肺功能测定:示限制性通气功能障碍,肺活量、肺总量减少,弥散功能减低,A一aDO2增加,低氧血症,运动后加重。血液检查,部分病人白细胞、血红蛋白增加,血沉加快,类风湿因子或抗体弱阳性,r球蛋白升高。③血气分析:pH正常或上升,PaCO2正常或下降,呈轻度碱血症,PaO2下降。
药物治疗①皮质激素,强的松具有抗炎及抗过敏作用,能抑制结缔组织的增生,降低毛细血管壁和细胞膜的通透性,减少炎性渗出,并能抑制组胺及其它毒性物质的形成与释放。②硫唑嘌呤,本药可使胸腺、脾内DNA、RNA减少,影响DNA、RNA,以及蛋白质的合成,主要抑制T-淋巴细胞而影响免疫,所以可抑制迟发过敏反应。当皮质激素疗效不理想时,为首选药物。③环磷酰胺,环磷酰胺可抑制胆碱酯酶活性,因而延长可卡因的作用并增加毒性。大剂量巴比妥类、皮质激素类药物可影响环磷酰胺的代谢,故不提倡与皮质激素合用。④中药治疗肺间质纤维化可用中医中药治疗,效果比较理想。同时应注意饮食以及生活习惯。
本发明所涉及药材均可见记载于《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,通过选择合适的药材及其配比,达到安全有效治愈肺间质纤维化的目的。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份。
下面结合中药学理论说明本发明有益效果:
发明人认为,肺间质纤维化肺肾亏为发病之本,痰淤互阻为标。“喘之始,出纳不利,病责在肺;喘既久,升降不调,病遂及肾”,因肺主行水,肺气亏损,津气散布失调,瀦为痰饮。又肺主治节,朝百脉,肺气虚损则肺中之血凝而留止,产生淤血。痰浊淤血既是病理产物又是病情加重因素,而外邪侵袭是疾病恶化的因果。治疗应补肺滋肾,化痰活血,止咳定喘为主。
本发明运用:枸杞子温补肾阳;母菊清热解毒、止咳平喘;磨盘草疏风清热、化痰止咳;山百足祛痰止咳,解郁散瘀;尖药花益气补虚;罐嘴菜宣肺祛痰、利咽排脓、利五脏补气血、补五劳养气;葶苈子泻肺平喘,行水消肿;扶桑花清肺凉血、化湿解毒;马雹儿清热解毒、散结化痰;匙叶草活血化瘀、清热止咳。诸药合用,共奏补肺滋肾,化痰活血,止咳定喘之功。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果:
1、一般资料
发明人2011年06月-2014年06月间共收集86例肺间质纤维化患者。随机分为:治疗组43例,对照组43例,年龄26~75岁,平均年龄57±16.46岁。其中治疗组男27例、女16例;对照组男25例,女18例。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异,具有可比性。
诊断标准
①隐匿其病或进行性呼吸困难;
②双肺听诊可闻及吸气性Velcro啰音;
③肺功能表现异常,肺容量减少、肺弥散功能减低、低氧血症,包括限制性通气功能障碍和气体交换障碍;
④胸部高分辨CT表现为双下肺和胸膜下部分为主的网状改变或伴蜂窝织炎,可伴有极少量磨砂玻璃样阴影;
⑤胸部X线所见,阴影分布:弥漫性、散在性,下肺叶大于上肺叶,呈边缘性分布;肺野缩小:胸膈上升,下肺野缩小;
⑥血液免疫学检查,血沉增快,乳酸脱氢酶增高,类风湿因子阳性。
纳入标准①主要标准:a、除外间质性肺疾病的其他原因,如药物损伤、环境因素或结缔组织病等;b、肺功能限制性异常及气体交换障碍;c、HRCT显示双肺基底部网状异常,很少有毛玻璃样改变;d、经支气管镜肺活检或肺泡灌洗液检查不支持其他诊断。②性别不限,年龄在18~70岁。③无其他慢性心肺疾患、甲亢、心功能不全等疾病。④了解并同意参加本研究者。
排除标准①存在或合并肺部及其他部位感染的患者。②已确定为某种风湿免疫性疾病所致的肺纤维化患者。③近2个月内使用免疫抑制剂类和皮质类固醇患者。④合并其它肺部疾患者,如支气管哮喘,慢性阻塞性肺病,肿瘤支气管扩张等。
2、治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊,每日3次。治疗3个月。
对照组口服强的松,0.5mg/kg/d,4周后剂量减半,8周后减至20mg/d;阿奇霉素,0.25g/d。治疗3个月。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
①显效:20天后干咳、胸闷、气短、进行性呼吸困难消失,红细胞正常,血沉0-20mm/h,类风湿因子阴性,X线肺部模糊小斑片影消失。
②有效:80天后干咳、胸闷、气短、进行性呼吸困难消失,红细胞正常,血沉0-25mm/h,类风湿因子阴性或阳性,X线肺部模糊小斑片影消失。
③无效:治疗80天以上症状无改善。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
组别 | n | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 明显不良反应例 |
治疗组 | 43 | 14 | 26 | 3 | 93.02% | 0 |
对照组 | 43 | 6 | 29 | 8 | 81.40% | 0 |
可见,本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗肺间质纤维化,治愈率高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明,下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取:枸杞子15克、母菊12克、磨盘草25克、山百足9克、尖药花12克、罐嘴菜15克、葶苈子15克、扶桑花10克、马雹儿12克、匙叶草8克;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120克,即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗肺间质纤维化。口服,每日服用一次。
实施例2
称取:枸杞子15克、母菊12克、磨盘草25克、山百足9克、尖药花12克、罐嘴菜15克、葶苈子15克、扶桑花10克、马雹儿12克、匙叶草8克;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗肺间质纤维化。口服,每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取:枸杞子15克、母菊12克、磨盘草25克、山百足9克、尖药花12克、罐嘴菜15克、葶苈子15克、扶桑花10克、马雹儿12克、匙叶草8克;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗肺间质纤维化。口服,每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120份,即得煎剂;上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得散剂;上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗肺间质纤维化的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:枸杞子15份、母菊12份、磨盘草25份、山百足9份、尖药花12份、罐嘴菜15份、葶苈子15份、扶桑花10份、马雹儿12份、匙叶草8份;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得胶囊剂;上述份均是指重量份。
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