CN105496947A - 一种药物缓释制剂 - Google Patents
一种药物缓释制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105496947A CN105496947A CN201510800719.8A CN201510800719A CN105496947A CN 105496947 A CN105496947 A CN 105496947A CN 201510800719 A CN201510800719 A CN 201510800719A CN 105496947 A CN105496947 A CN 105496947A
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,公开了一种药物缓释制剂,其含有赋形剂和活性剂。本发明还公开了一种药物,其包含有1%-60%的固体形式药物缓释制剂;或一种药物包含有20%~80%的非注射凝胶形式药物缓释制剂;或一种药物,其包含有30%-99.9%的注射用液体或凝胶的药物缓释制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,特别涉及一种药物缓释制剂。
背景技术
目前的药物释放模式,如局部涂抹,口服给药,肌肉注射,静脉注射和皮下注射,可能会导致高和低血药浓度和/或缩短药物的半衰期。在某些情况下,这些标准的释放模式需要大剂量的药物,可能会导致致毒副作用。控制药物释放的技术已经经过许多尝试,以避免一些常规治疗的缺陷。总体目标是提供一种持续不断的药物释放。局部的药物释放控制是对药物释放的地点或器官具选择性的。
针对这些问题,各种药物缓释的方式已被探讨。非生物降解的药物缓释系统包括,例如,(Bausch&Lomb),是以外科植入物方式提供更昔洛韦到眼内。(DURECT公司),以手术植入渗透泵送醋酸亮丙瑞林治疗晚期前列腺癌。(OrganonInternational),用一种皮下埋植术植入避孕器。
可生物降解的植入物包括,例如,LupronDepot(TAP制药公司。,Inc.),一个促黄体激素释放激素(LH-RH)缓释微囊注射液用于治疗前列腺癌;(oculexPharmaceuticals,Inc.)的地塞米松药物释放系统;Nutropin(Genentech)的重组人生长激素嵌入在聚乳酸(PLG)的微颗粒内。
此外,利用聚乙二醇(PEG)作为减少给药频率的药物改良剂。例如Macugentm。(EyetechPharmaceuticals,Inc.),是聚乙二醇化的抗VEGF适体,用于治疗湿性黄斑变性。
即使已有了以上这些例子,仍然需要一种更经济、实用、高效的生产和制造药物缓释的方法,以固体、半固体或液体制剂的方式用于局部或全身。
发明内容
本发明的目的,是提供一种经济、实用、高效的药物缓释系统。根据本发明,这种药物缓释系统容易生产,易于在病变位置释放药物,并具有生物相容性和生物可降解性。更具体地说,本发明的制剂还提供了一种新的使用方法,便于医生的操作或注射或植入。本发明制剂在植入部位及所需的时间框架内提供了活性药物的治疗效益,同时不具有因活性药物过量而产生毒性副作用,制剂具生物相容性和生物降解性,在病变位置提供活性药物的药效后即完全消失。
本发明提供了一种可注射的植入性药物缓释制剂,其具有生物相容性及生物可降解性,所述药物缓释制剂由赋形剂和活性剂组成,其质量百分比为:活性剂为5-50wt%,,赋形剂为50-95%。
这个药物缓释制剂是可以可注射的方式植入。
本发明提供的药物缓释剂,其具有生物相容性及生物可降解性,约2%到约100%的活性剂在体外溶出试验情况下在1天至365天内溶出。
本发明的一优选技术方案,所述赋形剂选自维生素E异构体和/或其酯;酚类化合物和/或其酯;苯甲醇;苯甲酸苄酯;苯甲酸酯的聚(氧化乙烯)具有低水溶性二醇;二甲基砜;聚(丙烯)具有低水溶性二醇;单、双或三酯乙酰柠檬酸直链或支链脂肪醇、液体、半固体聚碳酸酯低聚物中的一种或两种以上,或它们在药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的一优选技术方案,活性剂可选自镇痛剂,麻醉剂,抑制激素,抗炎类固醇,血管生成抑制剂,非甾体类抗炎药,抗感染药,抗真菌,抗疟药,抗肺结核药物,抗病毒药物,雄性荷尔蒙激动剂,β-肾上腺素受体阻断剂,碳酸酐酶抑制剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,缩瞳剂,前列腺素,抗组胺药,抗微管药物,抗肿瘤药物,抗细胞凋亡药物,醛糖还原酶抑制剂,抗高血压药,抗氧化剂,生长激素激动剂和拮抗剂的药物,腺苷受体拮抗剂,拮抗腺苷脱氨酶抑制剂的糖基化和抗衰老肽,同时采用拓扑异构酶抑制剂,抗代谢药物,烷化剂,癌基因的激活剂,端粒酶抑制剂,抗体或其部分,反义寡核苷酸,融合N蛋白,促黄体激素释放激素激动剂,促性腺激素释放激素激动剂,酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,表皮生长因子抑制剂,核糖核苷酸还原酶抑制剂,细胞毒素,IL2治疗药物,神经降压素拮抗剂,外周σ配体,ETA/受体拮抗剂,降糖药,抗青光眼药物,抗染色质修饰酶,胰岛素,胰高血糖素样肽,血液抗凝药,免疫抑制剂,组织修复剂,心理治疗药物,肉毒杆菌毒素,和核酸如siRNA与RNAi。
本发明的一优选技术方案,所述活性剂选自一种或多种甾体抗炎剂。
所述甾体抗炎剂选自可的松,地塞米松,醋酸曲安奈德,氢化可的松,强的松,甲基强的松龙,强的松龙,曲安奈德中的一种或两种以上。
所述甾体抗炎剂选自地塞米松或醋酸曲安奈德和苯甲酸苄酯。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种控制和持续的药物缓释制剂,制剂包括了可生物降解的和具有生物相容性的液体基质,可用于眼后段的直接注射。药物缓释制剂包含地塞米松或醋酸曲安奈德和苯甲酸苄酯。地塞米松或醋酸曲安奈德释放速度在六十至九十天为1-20微克。
本发明涉及,但不完全,是一个具有有限溶解度、生物相容性、和生物可降解性(以下简称:LSBB)的配方,这配方可以是可注射的液体;或是固体,或是凝胶。这是一个缓释系统,结合LSBB和活性剂。系统可以结合多个可生物降解的组件,以及一个以上的活性剂。植入固体形式可以由压片,注塑或挤出制成。凝胶可以以预混合方式制成。注射制剂可以通过在一个注射器内预混合,或在使用时混合LSBB与活性剂。药物缓释制剂可以作为支架或其他植入物的涂层,例如,将支架浸渍在配方液中,然后干燥。
在本发明的一个方面,具生物相容性和生物可降解性的可注射性液体,或固体植入物,或注射凝胶,可以放置在人或动物体内,活性剂缓慢释放,是藉助于一个或一个以上的赋形剂,例如:苯甲醇;苯甲酸苄酯;二甘醇二苯甲酸酯;苯甲酸酯三乙二醇酯;聚(环氧乙烷)二醇达(分子量=400);丙二醇酯;丙二醇酯;三丙二醇酯;苯甲酸酯;(二醇聚(分子量=3000);聚(丙烯)二醇(分子量=3000);二甲基砜的;维生素E的多种同分异构体;醋酸维生素E和维生素E琥珀酸酯,生育三烯酚异构体及其酯类,全氟己烷,高分子聚碳酸酯低聚物,和单,双,和三酯乙酰柠檬酸,直链和支链脂肪醇等,结和大量已建立的活性剂组成配方。
应该理解,本发明不限于本文所特定的方法、方案和试剂等,本文所述的方法和可能可以不同。此处所使用的术语是用于描述特定的实施例,而不是为了限制本发明的范围,发明的范围是被定义在专利项目列中的。
本发明涉及新的具生物相容性,可生物降解药物缓释制剂。在一个方面,这些制剂是可注射的液体、固体、凝胶,或乳化(水包油或水在油)的胶束。最理想的状态是这些液体,固体,和凝胶剂在置放处是呈一次性的注射液或呈颗粒状。那就是,他们不在置放处分成小的液滴或小颗粒,在离开置放点后也不会因扩散表面积而改变药物释放的速度。
本发明的配方提供了一种新的治疗方法,易于医生的操作或注射或植入。本发明制剂在植入部位及所需的时间框架内提供了活性药物的治疗效益,同时不具有因活性药物过量而产生毒性副作用,制剂具生物相容性和生物降解性,在病变位置提供活性药物的药效后即完全消失。
在本发明的另一方面,固体形式的配方组成一般包含约1%至约60%的LSBB;凝胶形式的配方组成一般含有约20%到约80%的LSBB,注射形式的配方组成(可以是凝胶或液体形式)通常包含约30%到约99.9%的LSBB。
可以设想,这些LSBB/活性剂组合物可用于以下,但不限于,人体或动物体的系统:肌肉,骨骼,神经,血管,淋巴管,消化,呼吸,泌尿,生殖,内分泌或脑实质内,提供各种各样的持续治疗。
这些LSBB/活性剂组合物包括注射或植入或局部应用到人体或动物体,例如但不限于:心,脑,脊髓神经,脊柱,头骨,颈部,头部,眼睛,耳朵的听觉和平衡器官,鼻子,喉咙,皮肤,头发,肩,肘,手,腕,膝,髋关节,踝关节,脚,牙齿,牙龈,肝,肾,胰腺,前列腺,睾丸,卵巢,肾上腺,胸腺,咽,喉,骨,骨髓,胃,肠,上、下肠,膀胱,肺,乳房等等。
固体配方的LSBB/活性剂,可以直接植入到实质组织如脑,脊髓,或中枢神经系统的任何部分的,进入肾脏,肝,脾,胰腺,淋巴结以及肿瘤。凝胶LSBB系统可应用于表面的组织如皮肤,或对实质器官的表面作涂层后被吸收,或被直接应用于角膜,结膜使活性剂直接传递到眼内。注射LSBB是微创手术,例如,通过30号针头注射入眼睛,或通过较大的针头插入关节的内腔。
本发明提供了一种具有控制性和可持续释放活性剂的配方系统,在所需的部位或全身缓慢释放活性剂,在以下方面尤其具有特殊的适用性:癌原发肿瘤;慢性疼痛;关节炎;风湿性疾病;激素不足的疾病如糖尿病、侏儒症;在免疫反应方面,如预防移植手术后的排斥反应。本系统也适用于治疗HIV和艾滋病相关的机会性感染,如巨细胞病毒,弓形虫,卡氏肺孢子虫、鸟分枝杆菌细胞等。本系统可用于治疗口中的真菌感染,例如将系统设计为牙床植入物。
LSBB/活性剂缓释系统也用于治疗眼部疾患如青光眼,PVR,糖尿病视网膜病变,葡萄膜炎,视网膜水肿,静脉闭塞,黄斑变性,Irvine-Gass综合征和CMV视网膜炎,角膜疾病,如角膜炎、角膜移植排斥反应。该制剂还可作为控制释放眼液或用于控制免疫反应的制剂。对于控制免疫反应,该制剂含有环孢素或他克莫司,西罗莫司。其他用途包括青光眼眼压治疗(配方包括噻吗洛尔),抗生素,抗增殖剂传递(例如,紫杉醇)。
配方的其他用途包括,例如,用移植排斥药物如西罗莫司或环孢霉素为活性剂。局部癌症治疗可用阿霉素或小表皮生长因子为活性剂送到肾脏或肝脏。前列腺癌可用非那雄胺为活性剂。心脏支架植入物,中枢神经系统植入物(例如,脊柱植入物),整形外科植入物等,可以涂有含生长因子或分化因子,抗发炎剂,或抗生素等的缓释配方。
适用于本发明系统中使用的活性剂,但不限于以下:
适用于本发明系统中使用的活性剂,但不限于:多肽和蛋白质如环孢菌素,胰岛素,胰高血糖素样肽,生长激素,胰岛素相关的生长因子,A型肉毒毒素,和热休克蛋白;麻醉和止痛的药物如利多卡因和相关的化合物,与苯二氮平和相关化合物;抗肿瘤药物如5-氟尿嘧啶,氨甲喋呤和相关化合物。
抗炎剂如6-mannose磷酸盐;抗真菌剂,如氟康唑及相关化合物。
抗病毒药物如磷甲酸钠,三氟胸苷,阿昔洛韦,更昔洛韦,西多福韦,DDI和AZT;细胞运输/移动即将药物如秋水仙碱,长春新碱,细胞松弛素B及相关化合物;抗青光眼药物如β受体阻滞剂:噻吗洛尔,阿替洛尔倍他洛尔免疫反应调节剂如胞壁酰二肽和相关的化合物;甾体化合物如地塞米松,强的松,和相关的化合物;和碳酸酐酶抑制剂。除上述药物外,其他适用于给药的活性剂,特别是对眼睛及其周围组织,产生局部或全身的生理或药理作用,可用于本发明的系统中。这些药物包括抗生素如四环素,环丙沙星,氯霉素,氨苄西林等。
任何药学上可接受的形式,在本发明的定义的活性剂,都可用于本发明的实践,例如,自由基或其药学上可接受的盐或酯。药学上可接受的盐,例如,包括硫酸,乳酸,醋酸,盐酸,硬脂酸,酒石酸,柠檬酸,马来酸,磷酸等。
活性剂也可与药学上可接受的附加成分如抗氧化剂,稳定剂,扩散剂等结合。例如,若活性剂对水的吸收为不可接受时,活性剂可以配制在疏水性载体如蜡或油中,这载体将帮助活性剂的扩散。这种前例是一般知识。
在本发明的另一方面,低溶解性的活性剂可以结合可生物降解,生物相容性佳同时又具较高的溶解性的赋形剂,制成LSBB/活性剂的配方。例如,二甲基砜可以用在一个低溶解性的活性剂的LSBB配方中。LSBB配方中使用水溶性赋形剂是包括在本发明的范围内。
在一个实施例中,活性剂,例如,蛋白质,可能被配制在玻璃状基质的糖,这可以保护活性剂不被水所降解,延长其保质期,并免去冷藏的需要。
在本发明的一个方面,赋形剂是可生物降解的。这里所用的,术语“可生物降解”和“可降解”是同一个意义的,可以互换使用。可生物降解的赋形剂是那些在体内降解,随着时间的推移而实现活性剂的释放。适当的生物可降解赋形剂包括但不局限于,例如,聚(乙醇酸),聚(乳酸),乳酸/乙醇酸,聚正酯,聚酸酐,聚磷腈,聚碳酸酯共聚物,和聚己内酯。
在本发明的另一方面,赋形剂是具生物相容性的,这意味着它不具有异常毒性或引起生理或药理上的有害影响。在本发明的另一方面,赋形剂是可生物降解的。
本发明所谓的赋形剂,具生物相容性,同时可生物降解的,包括,但不限于:
维生素E,苯甲醇;苯甲酸苄酯;二甘醇二苯甲酸酯;三乙二醇二苯甲酸酯;苯甲酸酯的聚(环氧乙烷)二醇(分子量=400);丙二醇酯;丙二醇酯;三丙二醇酯;苯甲酸酯;(二醇聚(分子量=3000);聚(丙烯)二醇(分子量=3000);二甲基砜的;维生素E的多种同分异构体;醋酸维生素E和维生素E琥珀酸酯,生育三烯酚异构体及其酯类,全氟己烷,高分子聚碳酸酯低聚物,和单,双,和三酯乙酰柠檬酸,直链和支链脂肪醇等,
液体和固体LSBBS/活性剂配方可以用在植入物的表面涂层。
例如导管,支架(心脏,中枢神经系统,泌尿系统,等),(人工关节假体重建,化妆品,等),组织生长的织物架,或骨头牙齿提供各种各样的治疗特性(例如但不限于,抗感染,抗凝血,抗感染,改善黏附,改善组织的生长,提高生物相容性)。这些表面可以从各种各样的材料,包括但不限于,天然橡胶,木材,陶瓷,玻璃,金属,聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚氨酯,聚碳酸酯,聚酯,聚(乙烯乙酸酯),聚(乙烯醇),聚(乙烯基醚),聚(丙烯基醚),纤维素,多肽,聚丙烯酸酯,丙烯酸树脂,聚碳酸酯等。
具体实施方式:
为进一步理解本发明,下面结合具体实施例对本发明优选方案进行描述,但是应当理解,这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点,而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。
实施例1
23.6克(0.2摩尔)碳酸二乙酯(沸点128.degree。C)增加15.2克(0.2摩尔)含0.05克的1,3-丙二醇(1.25毫摩尔)金属Na造成两个液相。这些原料被放置在一个敞开的容器置于650C烘箱和偶尔动摇。12个小时后,反应物是一个均匀的溶液重量38克。继续加热和不定期晃动24小时后为27克,48小时后为23.2克,72小时后为21.4克,96小时后为17.4克。该产品用15毫升5%乙酸水溶液对产物进行洗涤。顶端相为水溶性相。10.5毫升为底部相,用15毫升的水洗涤产生7.5毫升的聚(1,3-丙二醇碳酸酯)低聚物,为水不溶性的油。
实施例2
混合76克(1摩尔)含0.1g金属钠的1,3-丙二醇(2.5毫摩尔)和118克(1摩尔)碳酸二乙酯加热1100C.当反应物达到600C。他们形成了一个均匀的溶液。加热8小时后,反应物失去了48克(52%的理论量的乙醇)。然后提高1500C温度。10小时后,反应物失去了另46克。这个产品完全溶于水。由此产生的97克油混合6克(0.05摩尔)碳酸二乙酯和所得溶液在1500C加热搅拌。8小时后,所得到的浆液是部分不溶于水。该产品是用100毫升5%的醋酸水溶液清洗后,再用100毫升的水清洗四次,最后产生46.1克微黄色粘稠油。
实施例3
用1,2-丙二醇制备聚(乙二醇碳酸酯)
59克(0.5摩尔)碳酸二乙酯中加入67克(0.5摩尔)1,2-丙二醇与0.02克钠形成均相溶液的反应物。反应物被放置在一个开放的烧瓶中,12小时后,该溶液失去了23.4克(约50%的理论46克乙醇)。又过了15个小时在1500C。反应物失重53.2克为一稠浆,部分不溶于水。该产品用100毫升5%的醋酸水溶液和100毫升水洗涤四次后,产生25.2克无色粘稠粘,不溶于水的液体聚(乙二醇碳酸酯低聚物)。
实施例4
用1,2,3-丙三醇制备聚(丙三醇碳酸酯)
0.1g金属钠加入96克(0.5摩尔)1,2,3-丙三醇。5分钟后,钠的反应,留下一个淡黄色油。59克(0.5摩尔)碳酸二乙酯加入,所得的混合液在一个开口瓶加热至1100C。6小时后,反应物损失28克(理论上的61%)。为黄色的溶液,然后加热到1250C8小时后,反应物失去了共48克(104%理论)。加入6克(0.5摩尔)碳酸二乙酯,温度提高到1500C6小时后,粘性黄色产品溶液,用100毫升5%的醋酸溶液洗,再用100毫升的水洗4次,得48克粘性橙色,不溶于水的液体低聚物。
实施例5
从缓释制剂(SRF)测定地塞米松或醋酸曲安奈德的释放曲线
为释放研究的小瓶进行标记和记录每一瓶的重量。小瓶中加入3-4克0.9%生理食盐水和记录重量。随后注射(SRF)。记录SRF的重量。添加0.9%的生理食盐水溶液,总加入10克生理食盐水。由此产生的小瓶保持在370C恒温箱或水浴。使用高效液相色谱仪,定期测定样品中的地塞米松或曲安奈德。抽样方案按下列程序进行:用一次性吸管,8克的生理食盐溶液含有地塞米松或曲安奈德被小心地从每个小瓶吸出。8克的0.9%生理食盐克水再然后加入到每一个瓶子。采样后瓶子放回370C恒温箱或水浴。
实施例6
地塞米松与聚(丙二醇碳酸酯)I混合物的制备及其释放
10%地塞米松与聚(丙二醇碳酸酯)I:地塞米松与例1制备的1,3-聚丙二醇碳酸酯以1:9的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线
20%地塞米松与聚(丙二醇碳酸酯)I:地塞米松与例1制备的1,3-聚丙二醇碳酸酯以2:8的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线。
实施例7
地塞米松与聚(1,3-丙二醇碳酸酯)II混合物的制备及其释放
5%地塞米松与聚(1,3-丙二醇碳酸酯)II:地塞米松与例2制备的1,3-聚丙二醇碳酸酯以1:19的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线。
10%地塞米松与聚(1,3-丙二醇碳酸酯)II:地塞米松与例2制备的1,3-聚丙二醇碳酸酯以1:9的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线。
实施例8
地塞米松与d-维生素E,d,l-维生素E混合物的制备
10%地塞米松与d-维生素E的制备,将地塞米松与d-维生素E或d,l-维生素E以1:9的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线.
20%地塞米松与d-维生素E的制备,将地塞米松与d-维生素E或d,l-维生素E以2:8的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线。
50%地塞米松与d-维生素E的制备,将地塞米松与d-维生素E或d,l-维生素E以5:5的重量混合。将所得的悬浮液在室温下搅拌,直到形成一个均匀的混合物。然后将混合物分装并分析地塞米松释放曲线。
实施例9
组合配方
两个或两个以上的药物可以与赋形剂如苯甲酸苄酯配方,提供了活性剂缓释的组合。各成分的浓度和比例影响药物释放的时间和浓度。例如,在20%(wt)的1:1地塞米松制剂:环丙沙星,这两种药物的释放曲线是相似的,时间大约是二十八到三十五天。
以3:1地塞米松:环丙沙星比例时,每个药物释放的持续时间明显延长,约六十天。
实施例10
含曲安奈德注射制剂的药代动力学
25%(曲安奈德)在苯甲酸苄酯中:25ul含7毫克曲安奈德,50ul含14毫克曲安奈德。。苯甲酸苄酯(BB)作为安慰剂。
在二十七只家兔体内释放的曲安奈德进行了研究。25ul的配方注入十二只动物的一个眼,另一只眼则注入25ul苯甲酸苄酯。另十二只收到50ul的配方注入十二只动物的一个眼,另一只眼则注入50ul苯甲酸苄酯。在适当的时间点(每个时间点n=3)处死动物,和手术取出玻璃体样品,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测曲安奈德浓度。注射50ul配方在二十四小时曲安奈德为3.25微克/毫升;1个月为2.45微克/毫升;三个月为1.45微克/毫升;六个月时为1.56微克/毫升。玻璃体曲安奈德水平平均在6个月内为2.17微克/毫升。注射25ul配方在二十四小时曲安奈德为1.78微克/毫升,一周1.31微克/毫升;一个月0.81微克/毫升;三个月和六个月为0.4,0.36微克/毫升,超过六个月的平均值为0.93微克/毫升。没有检测到曲安奈德在苯甲酸苄酯(BB)注射的控制眼。
临床上,接受安慰剂的BB二十七动物没有证据显示动物有炎症或感染。每周通过裂隙灯检查、眼底检查,检查动物两次。没有查到白内障,玻璃体或视网膜异常。
实施例11
含有地塞米松的固体植入物
从固体植入物释放地塞米松的研究是用新西兰兔虹膜与角膜内表面之间的充满流体的空间(前房)。一个50:50的地塞米松:DL-α-维生素E琥珀酸酯混合物通过250C,790微米孔的挤压。挤压片经外科手术放置在一个4公斤重的新西兰母兔右前房。用高效液相色谱法对前房水溶液中进行采样,并进行分析。观察地塞米松治疗的持续释放水平。在临床上,动物的眼睛是完全静态的,该组合物被认为是生物相容性。
实施例12
地塞米松/dlα-维生素E琥珀酸酯在不锈钢心脏支架表面的涂层缓释
混合2:8:1(重量比)地塞米松:丙酮:维生素E琥珀酸酯涂层,涂到不锈钢管的表面和心脏支架。涂层是通过浸渍和烘箱干燥完成。在一个20毫升蒸馏水的瓶子,交换75%的总体积测定液中进行药物释放试验,并作高效液相色谱分析。维生素E琥珀酸酯已被证明是一种有效的涂层介质,可用于不锈钢表面的药物控制释放。应用这种方法可以扩展到各种材料和表面:包括木材,玻璃,各种金属,橡胶,合成的表面,如聚四氟乙烯,塑料,聚乙烯管等。
本发明的技术内容及技术特征已揭示如上,然而熟悉本领域的技术人员仍可能基于本发明的教示及揭示而作种种不背离本发明精神的替换及修饰,因此,本发明保护范围应不限于实施例所揭示的内容,而应包括各种不背离本发明的替换及修饰,并为本专利申请权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (10)
1.一种药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述药物缓释制剂由赋形剂和活性剂组成,其中,活性剂为5-50wt%,,赋形剂为50-95%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述赋形剂选自维生素E异构体和生育三烯酸异构体及其酯;苯甲醇;苯甲酸苄酯;苯甲酸酯的聚(氧化乙烯)具有低水溶性二醇;二甲基砜聚(丙烯)具有低水溶性二醇;单、双或三酯乙酰柠檬酸直链或支链脂肪醇、液体、半固体聚碳酸酯低聚物中的一种或两种以上,或它们在药学上可接受的盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述活性剂选自镇痛剂,麻醉剂,麻醉剂,抑制激素,抗炎类固醇,血管生成抑制剂,非甾体类抗炎药,抗感染药,抗真菌,抗疟药,抗肺结核药物,抗病毒药物,抗微管药物,抗肿瘤药物,抗高血压药,抗氧化剂,生长激素拮抗剂,血液抗凝药,免疫抑制剂,组织修复剂,胰岛素,胰高血糖素样肽,肉毒素,心理治疗的药物或它们在药学上可接受的盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述活性剂选自一种或多种甾体抗炎剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述甾体抗炎剂选自可的松,地塞米松,醋酸曲安奈德,氢化可的松,强的松,甲基强的松龙,强的松龙,曲安奈德中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的药物缓释制剂,其特征在于,所述甾体抗炎剂选自地塞米松或醋酸曲安奈德和苯甲酸苄酯。
7.一种药物,其包含有1%-60%的如权利要求1-6任一项所述的药物缓释制剂,且所述药物缓释制剂为固体制剂。
8.一种药物,其包含有20%~80%的如权利要求1-6任一项所述的药物缓释制剂,且所述药物缓释制剂为凝胶制剂。
9.一种药物,其包含有30%-99.9%的如权利要求1-6任一项所述的药物缓释制剂,且所述药物缓释制剂为注射用液体或凝胶。
10.一种植入物,其涂覆有如权利要求1-6任一项所述的药物缓释制剂。
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