CN105494473A - Preparation method of complex insecticide sourced from pure natural plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a complex insecticide sourced from pure natural plants and belongs to the field of pesticide preparation. The natural plants including willow-leaved smartweed, pinellia ternata and tripterygium wilfordii are taken as raw materials, essential oil is prepared through extraction and compounded with mothballs and quicklime, and the complex insecticide sourced from the pure natural plants is prepared. Instances prove that the prepared complex insecticide eliminates environmental pollution of chemical pesticides, prevents drug resistance of pests, has remarkable control effect, reduces pesticide application cost for farmers and is worth of large-scale popularization and application in agricultural production; finally, the pest control effect is higher than 85%, and the leaf protection rate is higher than 88%.

Description

The preparation method of a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides

Technical field

The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides, belong to field of pesticide preparation.

Background technology

In agricultural production; in order to ensure agricultural output and quality; usually a large amount of chemical insecticides can be adopted to spray on a large scale farmland; therefore chemical agent is brought to pollute to ecotope; and cause some insect to develop immunity to drugs rapidly, thus usually adopt the way strengthening insecticide consumption further, insect is killed; cause Practice for Pesticide Residue in Agricultural Products amount severe overweight thus, significant damage is brought to human food.The agricultural chemicals resource that development and utilization Environmental compatibility is good, harmless to the mankind is subject to the favor in the whole nation day by day.

In daily life, existing various single dose insecticide quantity is countless, proves through test, these single dose insecticides to various insects control efficiency between 55.5 ~ 75%, rate of leaf protection 52 ~ 68%, control efficiency and rate of leaf protection low, but use cost is higher.

In addition, in the real process of agricultural production, a large amount of, single abuse chemical insecticide antibiotic property is poor for a long time, causes the pesticide resistance of insect constantly to strengthen, and persticide residue increases, and causes larger pollution to environment.Field trial shows, the another kind of mixed pesticide that existing medicament is different from mechanism of action, can not only postpone resistance and produce, can also improve the property of medicine and residual period, reduce usage amount, reduce the dispenser cost of peasant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves: for single dose chemical insecticide conventional at present, not only chemical agent is brought to pollute to ecotope, antibiotic property is poor, and the pesticide resistance of insect is constantly strengthened, cause the present situation that persticide residue increases, control efficiency is undesirable, provide a kind of method extracted essential oil and prepare insecticide from pure natural plant, the method with natural plants flaccid knotweed herb, the tuber of pinellia and thunder godvine for raw material, by extract be prepared into essential oil, and with camphor ball quicklime composite obtained pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.The present invention obtains compounded pesticides and not only solves chemical pesticide environmental pollution, prevents the pesticide resistance of insect to produce, and control efficiency is remarkable, decreases the dispenser cost of peasant.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

(1) flaccid knotweed herb of 500 ~ 600g plant height between 40 ~ 60cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 3 ~ 5 times, add the distilled water of its volume 5 ~ 6 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 40 ~ 60min, filter and remove filter residue, add 100 ~ 150g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 40 ~ 50 DEG C;

(2) 500 ~ 600g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 8 ~ 12h, 200 ~ 300mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 10 ~ 20min, hold over night;

(3) mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 20 ~ 30min of 8000 ~ 9000r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use;

(4) tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 3 ~ 5L distillate;

(5) separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 10 ~ 20min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 40 ~ 60 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract;

(6) be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio, put into refrigerator and at 1 ~ 3 DEG C, leave standstill 20 ~ 24h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 20 ~ 50g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 200 ~ 300mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure to 800 ~ 900Pa in tank, mixed liquor is concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, obtains thickness concentrate;

(7) be that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 105 ~ 110 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 50 ~ 60 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.

Application method of the present invention is: during use, after compounded pesticides the present invention obtained adds distilled water diluting 10 times, pour in watering can, be evenly sprayed at treat deinsectization plant leaf and top twig on, spray 1 every day, each fountain height is every mu of field 18 ~ 22L, continuous spraying 2 ~ 4 days, effectively can remove the various insect in field, make Mortality of insect reach more than 85%, rate of leaf protection reaches more than 88%, is worth large-scale promotion application in agricultural production.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) the compounded pesticides safety and sanitation that obtain of the present invention, compared with unitary agent, insecticidal effect significantly improves, and is worth large-scale promotion application in agricultural production;

(2) the present invention not only solves chemical pesticide environmental pollution, prevents the pesticide resistance of insect to produce, and good anti-bacterial effect, decreases the dispenser cost of peasant.

Embodiment

First the flaccid knotweed herb of 500 ~ 600g plant height between 40 ~ 60cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 3 ~ 5 times, add the distilled water of its volume 5 ~ 6 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 40 ~ 60min, filter and remove filter residue, add 100 ~ 150g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 40 ~ 50 DEG C; Then 500 ~ 600g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 8 ~ 12h, 200 ~ 300mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 10 ~ 20min, hold over night; Subsequently the mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 20 ~ 30min of 8000 ~ 9000r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use; Next tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 3 ~ 5L distillate; Separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 10 ~ 20min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 40 ~ 60 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract; Be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio afterwards, put into refrigerator and at 1 ~ 3 DEG C, leave standstill 20 ~ 24h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 20 ~ 50g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 200 ~ 300mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure to 800 ~ 900Pa in tank, mixed liquor is concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, obtains thickness concentrate; Be finally that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 105 ~ 110 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 50 ~ 60 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.

Example 1

First the flaccid knotweed herb of 500g plant height between 40cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 3 times, add the distilled water of its volume 5 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 40min, filter and remove filter residue, add 100g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 40 DEG C; Then the 500g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 8h, 200mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 10min, hold over night; Subsequently the mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 20min of 8000r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use; Next tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 3L distillate; Separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 10min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 40 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract; Be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio afterwards, put into refrigerator and at 1 DEG C, leave standstill 20h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 20g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 200mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure in tank, to 800Pa, mixed liquor to be concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, to obtain thickness concentrate; Be finally that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 105 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 50 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.

This example operation is simple, during use, compounded pesticides the present invention obtained is poured in watering can after adding distilled water diluting 10 ~ 15 times, evenly be sprayed at treat deinsectization plant leaf and top twig on, spray 1 every day, each fountain height is every mu of field 18L, sprays 2 days continuously, effectively can remove the various insect in field, make Mortality of insect reach 85.5%, rate of leaf protection reaches 88.9%, is worth large-scale promotion application in agricultural production.

Example 2

First the flaccid knotweed herb of 550g plant height between 50cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 4 times, add the distilled water of its volume 5.5 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 50min, filter and remove filter residue, add 135g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 45 DEG C; Then the 550g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 10h, 250mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 15min, hold over night; Subsequently the mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 25min of 8500r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use; Next tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 4L distillate; Separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 15min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 50 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract; Be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio afterwards, put into refrigerator and at 2 DEG C, leave standstill 22h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 45g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 250mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure in tank, to 850Pa, mixed liquor to be concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, to obtain thickness concentrate; Be finally that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 108 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 55 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.

This example operation is simple, during use, compounded pesticides the present invention obtained is poured in watering can after adding distilled water diluting 12 times, evenly be sprayed at treat deinsectization plant leaf and top twig on, spray 1 every day, each fountain height is every mu of field 20L, sprays 3 days continuously, effectively can remove the various insect in field, make Mortality of insect reach 87%, rate of leaf protection reaches 90%, is worth large-scale promotion application in agricultural production.

Example 3

First the flaccid knotweed herb of 600g plant height between 60cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 5 times, add the distilled water of its volume 6 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 60min, filter and remove filter residue, add 150g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 50 DEG C; Then the 600g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 12h, 300mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 20min, hold over night; Subsequently the mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 30min of 9000r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use; Next tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 5L distillate; Separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 20min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 60 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract; Be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio afterwards, put into refrigerator and at 3 DEG C, leave standstill 24h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 50g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 300mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure in tank, to 900Pa, mixed liquor to be concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, to obtain thickness concentrate; Be finally that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 110 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 60 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.

This example operation is simple, during use, compounded pesticides the present invention obtained is poured in watering can after adding distilled water diluting 15 times, evenly be sprayed at treat deinsectization plant leaf and top twig on, spray 1 every day, each fountain height is every mu of field 22L, sprays 4 days continuously, effectively can remove the various insect in field, make Mortality of insect reach 90%, rate of leaf protection reaches 92%, is worth large-scale promotion application in agricultural production.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for pure natural plant source compounded pesticides, is characterized in that concrete preparation process is:

(1) flaccid knotweed herb of 500 ~ 600g plant height between 40 ~ 60cm is got, shredded with chopper, through deionized water rinsing 3 ~ 5 times, add the distilled water of its volume 5 ~ 6 times, put into pot heating until after boiling boiling 40 ~ 60min, filter and remove filter residue, add 100 ~ 150g soap while hot in filtrate, stir until soap dissolves by stirring rod, preserve at 40 ~ 50 DEG C;

(2) 500 ~ 600g tuber of pinellia is put into ceramic pot, add appropriate alum water until by its submergence, put into microwave oscillation instrument again, Normal juice is filtered to obtain after microwave oscillation 8 ~ 12h, 200 ~ 300mL tuber of pinellia alum Normal juice is dropwise instilled in above-mentioned peppery Liao Zi alkali lye by dropping funel, control rate of addition to make to dropwise in its 10 ~ 20min, hold over night;

(3) mixed liquor after hold over night is moved into horizontal centrifuge, with the rotating speed high speed centrifugation 20 ~ 30min of 8000 ~ 9000r/min, be separated and remove filter residue, obtain supernatant, for subsequent use;

(4) tripterygium root bar is dug out, the earth on root surface is rinsed out by water jets under high pressure, pulverized with stone after draining away the water, put into glass distiller, continue the kitchen garden fragment of quality such as adding, after distilled water submergence, the steam utilizing boiler to produce distills, distill in process continuous supplementation distilled water maintain the water yield, collect 3 ~ 5L distillate;

(5) separatory funnel is loaded after above-mentioned distillate and isopyknic absolute ether being mixed, rock extraction 10 ~ 20min, after its stratification, open liquid separatnig valve, separation obtains organic layer, and the glass column crossed by organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate carries out drying, and dried organic liquor is put into water-bath, with 40 ~ 60 DEG C at Distillation recovery ether, obtain extract;

(6) be that 1:5 adds in benzinum by extract by solid-liquid ratio, put into refrigerator and at 1 ~ 3 DEG C, leave standstill 20 ~ 24h until deposit-free is separated out, be separated with Buchner funnel suction filtration and obtain crystal, getting 20 ~ 50g crystal adds in the above-mentioned supernatant of 200 ~ 300mL, concentration tank is put into after stirring with glass bar, reduce pressure to 800 ~ 900Pa in tank, mixed liquor is concentrated into 2/3 of original volume, obtains thickness concentrate;

(7) be that 1:1 is by after above-mentioned obtained thickness concentrate and camphor ball powder mix and blend by solid-liquid ratio, put into baking oven together, dry at 105 ~ 110 DEG C, desciccate is put into airslide disintegrating mill, be equipped with isopyknic quicklime, carry out air-flow crushing, after pulverizing, cross 50 ~ 60 mesh standard sieves, after pack packaging, namely obtain a kind of pure natural plant source compounded pesticides.