CN1054801C - 用于生产绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法和设备 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C39/16—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length between endless belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/32—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/326—Joining the preformed parts, e.g. to make flat or profiled sandwich laminates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/461—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length dispensing apparatus, e.g. dispensing foaming resin over the whole width of the moving surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法和设备,使用至少两台可交替操作的供反应的聚氨酯组份用的混合模头,至少在不进行操作的混合模头进入操作前,材料到达混合模头,该材料是由反应组分通过混合模头循环而正确调理的。用公用的装置把组分供给到混合模头,但是就“混合”和“调理”而言彼此是独立的。
Description
本发明涉及用于连续生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法和设备。
通过把反应的聚氨酯混合物连续加入到连续的模具中而制得绵长聚氨酯模塑制品。在通常所说的混合模头中,特别是高压混合模头中加入反应混合物的组分制成反应混合物。在全部连续操作中存在的问题是聚氨酯混合物反应的沉积物聚集在混合室和混合模头的出口,导致不得不中断生产来清洗混合模头。
在“Kunststoffhandbuch”,由Becker/Braun编辑,Vol.7,“Polyurethane”,1993,第139-192页中描述了聚氨酯的生产,混合模头参见第174及以后各页。
将具有反应混合物的出料装置的混合模头,脱离操作,和使它回复操作是一个复杂的程序。使混合头脱离操作后,重要的是要保证没有反应混合物残余残留在混合室和后面的出料装置中。
为此目的,不完全停止向混合模头供给两种反应组分,代之以只将一种通常为异氰酸酯的组分的供应先中断,而另一种(通常是多醇组份继续流过混合模头和出料装置一定时间,从而排放出混合模头和出料装置的反应混合物残余(“洗涤”模式)。
在混合模头回复操作前,重要的是要保证至混合模头的供料管线没有气泡,并保证在混合模头存在正确调理的原料,即具有所需操作温度,和按正确比例混合的原料(例如按正确比例加到组份中的多醇)。为此目的,以混合室关闭下,将每个组份循环通过混合模头,反应组分通过混合模头并回到各自的储罐中。一方面,通过这种方法可去掉供料管线中的所有气泡;另一方面,在储罐中通过搅拌而正确调整和温度控制的原料不断地通过混合模头。
为了避免因清理维修和更换零件而中断操作,原则上交替操作两台混合模头是可能的,每个混合模头都配置分开的、独立的供料管线,泵和控制元件。
由本发明所指出的问题是减少其所涉及的主要的困难,特别是,使已经存在的、且仅有有限空间的设备能安装以供两个混合模头交替地连续操作的可待互换装配的附加的单元。
为了解决由本发明所指出的问题,即在清理和维修混合模头过程中,避免中断生产,这在EP-A437727中已推荐提供两个混合模头交替操作,两个混合模头都用一个公用的计量泵加料,供给的组分,先经过未操作的混合模头“调理”,然后通过在两个混合模头之间一个永久打开的连接管线供给到在操作中的混合模头。不幸的是,伴随该提议的缺点是,在永久打开的连接管线中,每当从一个混合模头转换到另一个混合模头的操作,总发生特定组分的流向必须倒转,而这种操作转换会增加压力变化,而导致混合室的计量变化。另外,处于“调理”模式的混合头不能被拆除,因为它受永久打开的连接管线的约束。因此,全面维修,即在生产中更换混合模头元件是不可能的。
更严重的缺点是,在用多醇组分的“洗涤”模式过程中,在混合模头配方的“混合”模式下的配方已全然不再正确,因此,不再可能进行满意的生产。
因此根据本发明,建议用独立的“调理泵”泵入洗涤和调理所需的组分液流,调理泵的输入流量可能远低于用于供给到混合室的“计量泵”的流量。尤其是,调理泵不需要校正,费用便宜。
因此,本发明涉及用于生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的设备,它由连续的模具和下述各项组成:
a)至少两个交替操作的用于聚氨酯反应组分的混合模头,包括用于“混合”和“调理”或“洗涤”模式的转向阀,
b)每个组分一台公用的计量泵,用供料管线与每个混合模头相连,
c)每个组分一台公用的调理泵,用供料管线与每个混合模头相连,
d)从计量泵和调理泵的供料管线之间而位于每个混合模头的组分的入口的转向阀,该入口以“混合模式”连接到从计量泵的供料管线,该入口也以“洗涤”模式连接到从调理泵的供料管线,和
e)每个组分和混合模头有一回料管线,该模头处在“调理”模式运行。
在一个优选的实施方案中,至每个混合模头的供料和回料管线包含关闭阀,从而在闭合关闭阀后,可以对不在“混合”模式的混合模头进行拆卸和维修或替换。
在本发明范围内,“混合”模式意味着用配方所规定的定量比例,通过计量泵把组分泵入混合模头的混合室。
“调理”模式意味着组分穿过混合模头循环而不进入混合室,使得此至少在转换开关从一个混合模头转到另一混合模头的那一刻,具有正确的操作温度和在主要组分和附加组分之间具有正确混合比例的原料到达混合模头。
“组份”和“反应组分”是熟知的聚氨酯加聚反应的主要组分,即一种叫多醇,另一种叫异氰酸酯,其它的组分,如催化剂,填料,改性剂,等可合并在这些主要组分中。然而,附加的组分也可以被单独地供给到混合室中。
另一个优选实验方案的特点在于所提供的装置,能使不操作的混合模头,从生产位置运动到容易便于清洗和选择性地加以折卸的位置。
本发明还涉及连续生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法,它对于反应的聚氨酯组分,使用至少两台可交替操作的供反应聚氨酯组分用的混合模头,至少在不进行操作的混合模头进行操作前,已通过该不进行操作的混合模头循环该反应组份而正确调理的原料先到达该不进行操作的混合模头,被提及的混合模头在脱离操作之后,只用一种通常是多醇组分的组份清洗,其特征在于用公用的装置把该组分供给到各混合模头,但就“混合”和“调理”而论,是彼此独立的。
按照本发明生产的一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品,可以是实心或泡沫板,管或型材。所用的模具通常是传送带,把聚氨酯混合物输入到该传送带之间,并以这样一种方式来计算传送带的长度和循环速度使得反应混合物在传递带之间的停留时间,要足以使反应混合物固化。该传送带可选择装有能使模塑制品变成型材的结构元件。也可以通过在传送带之间同时输入层压原料使模塑制品成型。这类设备一般是公知的,参见例如DE-B1266485,DE-A1778407和DE-A2449044。
下面参考附图更详细说明本发明,其中:
图1和图2是生产层压硬聚氨酯泡沫板的设备的侧视图和平面图。
图3和图4表示把组分供到混合模头的不同的操作模式。
图1表明具有固定到桥架20的出料元件2的混合模头1。使反应聚氨酯混合物17从出料元件2喷洒到下面的层压膜15上。把层压膜15放到显示有右手换向轮13的、下面的传送带11上。同时,把层压膜16放到具有换向轮14的、上面的传送带12的下面。反应混合物17在两个传送带11和12之间的间隙发泡,形成泡沫板18。
图2是图1所示设备的平面图,看不到层压膜15和16。相同的参考数字代表相同的元件。用桥架适当的装置使操作中的混合模头1如箭头30所示往复运动,用反应混合物覆盖传送带11的宽度。第二、不工作的混合模头3被放在桥架20中的能将之清洗和维修的位置。在混合模头1的操作时间末尾(由于粘附反应的聚氨酯混合物而损害操作),混合模头3首先与混合模头1在箭头21的方向上并排移动,把组分供应从混合模头1换到混合模头3,把混合模头1移到位置1′,在那里可将其清洗,如果需要还可将之拆卸。
图3表示两个典型的混合模头I和II,混合模头I处于"混合"模式和混合模头II处于"调理"模式。作为实施例方式所示的混合模头I,包括混合室1和混合模头出口2。还装有两个组分的供料管线40和50与回料线41和51。三通转换开关元件4和5被归并到混合模头中。图3只表示对一个组分,如多醇组分的管子和泵。在混合模式中,通过阀1.3和转换开关元件4把组分供给到混合室1。回料线41和51被关闭。
混合模头II处于"调理"模式。在这种模式中,转换开关元件4和5关闭了混合室I和出口2,连接供料管线40和50至回料线41和51。来自计量泵D.P.的阀2·3被关闭。阀2·2和2·1被打开。用调理泵C.P供给组分,穿过混合模头而不进入混合室。按照本发明,对于每一组分都提供一个用于混合模头I和II公用的计量泵,用它从储罐(未示)通过管线45传输特定的组分。图中所示为只用于任何一种组分,例如多醇组分的特定管线,泵和阀结构,并具有供料管线40和回料线41。通过管线50供给的异氰酸酯组分,也配备一套对应的结构。
按照本发明,除了计量泵D.P.以计还提供一台也从储罐供料的调理泵C.P.,还要提供属于每个混合模头的阀1·2和1·3及2·2和2·3。通过下述方式来确定阀,在"混合"模式过程中,计量泵供料至混合模头(混合模头I)和,在“调理”模式中,调理泵供料至混合模头(混合模头II)。另外,在调理过程中,回料线有效地通过阀1·1或2·1,因此所供给的组分返回到计量泵或进入供料管线45至泵。
当操作一定时间后,必需清洗混合模头I时,通过关闭阀1·3,打开阀1·2,通过转换开关元件5的作用,关闭其它反应组分的供料管线50,转换到"洗涤"模式,同时,通过转换开关元件4和5的作用,把混合模头II转换至"混合"模式,打开阀2·3和关闭阀2·1和2·2。这样建立的模式如图4所示。
通过用多醇组分冲洗,把反应混合物的残渣从混合室和出料元件中去掉后,在关闭阀1·2和/或中止调理泵C.P.后,对混合模头I进行拆卸和维护。
现在,混合模头I被完全替代了。
Claims (2)
1.用于生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的设备,其由连续的模具,其特征在于其还由下述各项组成:
a)至少两个交替操作的用于聚氨酯反应组分的混合模头,包括用于混合模式和调理模式或洗涤模式的转向阀,
b)每个组分一台公用的计量泵,用供料管线与每个混合模头相连,
c)每个组分一台公用的调理泵,用供料管线与每个混合模头相连,
d)从计量泵和调理泵的供料管线之间而位于每个混合模头的组分的入口的转向阀,所述入口以混合模式连接到从计量泵的供料管线并以洗涤模式连接到从调理泵的供料管线,和
e)每个组分和混合模头的回料线,它在调理模式运行。
2.用于连续生产一维绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法,所述方法使用至少两台可交替操作的、供反应聚氨酯组份使用的混合模头,至少在不进行操作的混合模头进行操作之前,已通过所述不进行操作的混合模头循环所述反应组份而正确调理的原料先到达所述不进行操作的混合模头,被提及的所述混合模头在脱离操作之后,只用一种通常是多醇组分的组份清洗,其特征在于:用公用的装置把所述组分供给到各所述混合模头,但就混合和调理而论,各混合模头是彼此独立的。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DEP4405427.0 | 1994-02-21 | ||
DE4405427A DE4405427C1 (de) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von endlosen Polyurethan-Formkörpern |
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CN1119139A CN1119139A (zh) | 1996-03-27 |
CN1054801C true CN1054801C (zh) | 2000-07-26 |
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CN95103212A Expired - Fee Related CN1054801C (zh) | 1994-02-21 | 1995-02-21 | 用于生产绵长聚氨酯模塑制品的方法和设备 |
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US (1) | US5587182A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0669196B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH07241842A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100336589B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1054801C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4405427C1 (zh) |
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AT408346B (de) * | 1997-08-22 | 2001-10-25 | Gerhard Melcher | Verfahren zur herstellung von überwiegend anorganischen schäumen auf ortsfesten anlagen und dafür benötigte anlagen |
US6228773B1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 2001-05-08 | Matrix Integrated Systems, Inc. | Synchronous multiplexed near zero overhead architecture for vacuum processes |
DE50006813D1 (de) * | 2000-04-11 | 2004-07-22 | Siempelkamp Handling Sys Gmbh | Schaumauftrag mit zweidimensional verfahrbarer Auftragsvorrichtung |
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- 1994-02-21 DE DE4405427A patent/DE4405427C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1995
- 1995-02-08 EP EP95101688A patent/EP0669196B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-08 DE DE59504765T patent/DE59504765D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-15 US US08/388,790 patent/US5587182A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-20 JP JP7053714A patent/JPH07241842A/ja active Pending
- 1995-02-20 KR KR1019950003199A patent/KR100336589B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-21 CN CN95103212A patent/CN1054801C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1119139A (zh) | 1996-03-27 |
KR950031424A (ko) | 1995-12-18 |
DE59504765D1 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
EP0669196A1 (de) | 1995-08-30 |
US5587182A (en) | 1996-12-24 |
DE4405427C1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
JPH07241842A (ja) | 1995-09-19 |
EP0669196B1 (de) | 1999-01-13 |
KR100336589B1 (ko) | 2003-01-06 |
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