CN105478799B - The knife car of slender axles one into method - Google Patents
The knife car of slender axles one into method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105478799B CN105478799B CN201610000041.XA CN201610000041A CN105478799B CN 105478799 B CN105478799 B CN 105478799B CN 201610000041 A CN201610000041 A CN 201610000041A CN 105478799 B CN105478799 B CN 105478799B
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- knife
- tool
- conventional method
- angle
- supporting head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of knife car of slender axles one into method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Stock；Conventional method is heat-treated and alignment processing；Conventional method centering and the pre- car at clamping workpiece end；Using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the supporting head of follow-rest is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the orthographic projection of the bearing-surface of supporting head along supporting head axis direction is rectangle；Tool selection：Lathe tool tool cutting edge angle is 90 ° ~ 93 °；Lathe tool auxiliary angle is 7 ° ~ 9 °；Anterior angle is 20 ° ~ 27 °；Cutting tool installation manner：Point of a knife is less than axis 0.1mm；Clamping method：More than 1mm Axial Thermal elongate gaps are reserved with feed screw nut；Conventional method completes turning.Effect of the present invention is high, the knife of turning one of the cylindrical portion's main body of a workpiece slender axles can car into 2 meters or so of slender axles only take 20 minutes or so, improve 30 times or so of effect；Machining accuracy is high, and steady quality is reliable；Processing cost is saved, batch machining can save processing cost more than 70%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of elongated shaft-like work, especially a kind of knife car of elongated shaft-like work one into side
Method.
Background technology
The axial workpiece of Workpiece length and diameter ratio more than 25 is generally referred to as on slender axles, such as lathe by prior art
Feed rod, leading screw.Although slender axles profile is simultaneously uncomplicated, because its own rigidity is low, during turning by cutting force, gravity, cut
The influence of the factors such as heat is cut, it is difficult the defects of easily producing vibration and flexural deformation, and produce taper, dolioform and laemodipodiform
To ensure machining accuracy, it is usually to have follow-rest to make cutting into as the larger processing technology of difficulty, common process for slender axles
On the lathe of centre frame, process is rough turn, half smart car, smart car three process could car into（That is three knife cars into）.
Turning slender axles have three key technologies：Make Auxiliary support using centre frame and follow-rest, strengthen the rigidity of workpiece；
Solves workpiece thermal deformation elongation problem；The geometry of reasonable selection lathe tool.Auxiliary support is done using follow-rest, follow-rest is with car
The feeding of knife and move, offset back force, and the rigidity of workpiece can be increased, Reducing distortion, so as to improve the shape of slender axles
Precision and reduction surface roughness value.But the supporting head of the supporting foot of existing follow-rest is generally cylinder or conical structure, this kind of
Supporting head has the circular arc bearing-surface to match with excircle of workpiece, and the area of its circular arc bearing-surface is smaller, and Auxiliary support workpiece clamps down on power
Deficiency, cause stability in process poor.Because factors can all influence machining accuracy, a procedure is caused to be difficult to ensure that
Machining accuracy, so existing processing method all has to pass through rough turn, half smart car, smart car three process could be completed.Prior art
In yet there are no a knife car into the document report of slender axles.
The content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of knife car of slender axles one into method.
A kind of knife car of slender axles one into method, comprise the following steps：
(1) stock up：Length is cut into the blank more than overall length 3mm on request；
(2) conventional method heat treatment and alignment processing；
(3) centering and the pre- car at clamping workpiece end：The conventional method machining center hole on centre bore lathe, will by size
Conventional method is asked to complete the pre-turning at clamping workpiece end；
(4) using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the follow-rest is provided with two positioning support foots, the branch of positioning support foot
It is rectangular parallelepiped structure to take the lead, and orthographic projection of the bearing-surface along supporting head axis direction is rectangle；
(5) tool selection and installation：
Tool selection：Lathe tool tool cutting edge angle is 90 ° ~ 93 °；Lathe tool auxiliary angle is 7 ° ~ 9 °；Anterior angle is 20 ° ~ 27 °；Main cutting edge
Cutting edge inclination is 3 °, and primary clearance is 12 °, and the chamfered edge width of main cutting edge is 0.5f ~ 0.7f, and chamfer angle is -10 °；Point of a knife is chamfering
Point of a knife, smoothing edge clearance angle are -3 °；Cutting tool installation manner：Point of a knife is less than axis 0.1mm；
（6）Clamping method：With the clamping end of the soft claw clip clamping of workpieces of chuck, centre bore top support, the rotation of the other end
Tailstock handwheel, more than 1mm Axial Thermal elongate gaps are reserved with feed screw nut；
（7）Conventional method completes turning process.
First three step of the inventive method be using conventional method complete stock, heat treatment, alignment processing, centering,
The pre- car at clamping workpiece end.
For this method using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the follow-rest is provided with two positioning support foots, positioning support foot
Supporting head be rectangular parallelepiped structure, the orthographic projection of the bearing-surface of the supporting head along supporting head axis direction is rectangle, this length
The supporting head of cube structure, compared with the supporting head of cylinder or conical structure, the area of its bearing-surface can increase more than 20%, its
Supporting role has superpower stability.
The tool selection of the inventive method and installation are most important.The grinding of wiper edges, it is in cutter milled in this technique
Afterwards, a plane triangle is ground with hard fine oil stone on knife platform（This " plane triangle " is defined as by this specification
Smoothing face）.In the prior art, wiper edges are parallel to shaft core line, and smoothing face is perpendicular to basal plane.
The smoothing face of the inventive method, roughness ensure wiper edges and the diameter parallel of workpiece more than Ra0.8 μm,
Length is 1.5-2f, in the presence of larger cutting force, in whole working angles, and two of the follow-rest of smoothing face and the present invention
The supporting head for having superpower stability of rectangular parallelepiped structure remains stable triangular structure, it is ensured that process is disposable
Smoothly complete.Meanwhile in process, smoothing face of the invention not only has conventional press polish effect, due to smoothing face and mistake
The angle of the vertical plane of wiper edges is 3 °（This is defined as by this specification：Smoothing edge clearance angle is -3 °）, this inclination in smoothing face
Degree, has just played picking-up slender axles machined surface（Avoid because gravity cause it is sagging）Effect, effectively prevent slender axles work
Part is due to the problem of poor rigidity is difficult to ensure machining accuracy.
The Cutting tool installation manner of the inventive method, axis 0.1mm installation method is less than using point of a knife, is advantageous to cut penetration of a cutting tool,
Conventional method point of a knife and the contour installation of axis are avoided, cuts the problem of penetration of a cutting tool is not smooth.
The present invention uses the above-mentioned structured follow-rest of spy, matches the cutter of above-mentioned peculiar geometry, then is equipped with cutter
Above-mentioned peculiar installation method, ensure the realization of " a knife car into slender axles ".
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, its effect is high, improves 30 times or so of effect.A workpiece is processed, the cylindrical portion's main body of turning slender axles only needs together
Process, i.e. a knife can car into 2 meters or so of slender axles only take 20 minutes or so.2nd, the inventive method effective guarantee one
Procedure just can meet requirement on machining accuracy, and crudy is reliable and stable.3rd, processing cost has been saved, batch machining, which can save, to be added
Work cost more than 70%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of assembling structure schematic diagram of follow-rest embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of supporting head dimensional structure diagram of follow-rest embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is three kinds of follow-rest supporting heads（Cylindrical structure, conical structure and a kind of follow-rest embodiment of invention）Main view
Structural representation.
Fig. 4 is three kinds of follow-rest supporting heads（Cylindrical structure, conical structure and a kind of follow-rest embodiment of the present invention）Branch
The control schematic diagram of bearing surface expanded view.
Fig. 5 is the cutter structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：Positioning support foot 2, bearing-surface 3, supporting head 4, the supporting head 5 of cylindrical structure, the supporting head 6 of conical structure,
Wiper edges 11, smoothing face 12.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of knife car of slender axles one into method, comprise the following steps：
(1) stock up：Length is cut into the blank more than overall length 3mm on request；
(2) conventional method heat treatment and alignment processing；
(3) centering and the pre- car at clamping workpiece end：The conventional method machining center hole on centre bore lathe, will by size
Conventional method is asked to complete the pre-turning at clamping workpiece end；
(4) using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the follow-rest is provided with two positioning support foots, the branch of positioning support foot
It is rectangular parallelepiped structure to take the lead, and orthographic projection of the bearing-surface along supporting head axis direction is rectangle；
(5) tool selection and installation：
Tool selection：Lathe tool tool cutting edge angle is 90 ° ~ 93 °；Lathe tool auxiliary angle is 7 ° ~ 9 °；Anterior angle is 20 ° ~ 27 °；Main cutting edge
Cutting edge inclination is 3 °, and primary clearance is 12 °, and the chamfered edge width of main cutting edge is 0.5f ~ 0.7f, and chamfer angle is -10 °；Point of a knife is chamfering
Point of a knife, smoothing edge clearance angle are -3 °；Cutting tool installation manner：Point of a knife is less than axis 0.1mm；
（6）Clamping method：With the clamping end of the soft claw clip clamping of workpieces of chuck, centre bore top support, the rotation of the other end
Tailstock handwheel, more than 1mm Axial Thermal elongate gaps are reserved with feed screw nut；
（7）Conventional method completes turning process.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, first three step of the inventive method is to complete stock, heat treatment, school using conventional method
Straight processing, centering, the pre- car at clamping workpiece end.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, for this method using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the follow-rest is provided with two positioning
Supporting foot 2, the supporting head 4 of positioning support foot 2 is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the bearing-surface 3 of the supporting head 4 is along the axis side of supporting head 4
To orthographic projection be rectangle, the supporting head 4 of this rectangular parallelepiped structure, compared with the supporting head of cylinder or conical structure, its support
The area in face 3 can increase more than 20%, and its supporting role has superpower stability.
As shown in figure 3,5 be the supporting head of cylindrical structure；6 be the supporting head of conical structure；4 be a kind of follow-rest of the present invention
Embodiment（Rectangular parallelepiped structure）Supporting head.As shown in figure 4, a, b, c are respectively the bearing-surface of three kinds of different follow-rest supporting heads
Expanded view.A is conical structure, and b is cylindrical structure, and c is the rectangular parallelepiped structure of the embodiment of the present invention.Contrasted from figure, it is several
The area of the bearing-surface of kind supporting head has notable difference, and the smaller supporting stabilizer of area of bearing-surface is poorer, of the invention with knife
Frame supporting head, the area of its bearing-surface is maximum, therefore its supporting role has superpower stability.
The tool selection of the inventive method and installation are most important.As shown in figure 5, in this technique, the grinding of wiper edges 11,
It is after cutter milled, a plane triangle is ground with hard fine oil stone on knife platform（This specification is by this " plane three
It is angular " it is defined as smoothing face 12）.In the prior art, wiper edges 11 are parallel to axis of workpiece, and smoothing face 2 is perpendicular to basal plane.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 5, the smoothing face of the inventive method 12, roughness ensure smoothing more than Ra0.8 μm
Sword 11 is parallel with axis of workpiece, length 1.5-2f, in the presence of larger cutting force, in whole working angles, and smoothing face 12
Stable triangle knot is remained with the supporting head 4 for having superpower stability of two rectangular parallelepiped structures of the follow-rest of the present invention
Structure, it is ensured that process disposably smoothly completes.Meanwhile in process, smoothing face of the invention 12 not only has conventional
Press polish effect, because smoothing face 12 with the angle of vertical plane for crossing wiper edges 11 is 3 °（This is defined as by this specification：Smoothing
Edge clearance angle is -3 °）, this gradient in smoothing face 12, just played picking-up slender axles machined surface（Avoid because gravity causes
It is sagging）Effect, solve the problems, such as elongated shaft-like work due to poor rigidity be difficult to ensure machining accuracy.
The Cutting tool installation manner of the inventive method, axis 0.1mm installation method is less than using point of a knife, is advantageous to cut penetration of a cutting tool,
Conventional method point of a knife and the contour installation of axis are avoided, cuts the problem of penetration of a cutting tool is not smooth.
Certainly, cutter clamping method of the present invention, also same purpose can be reached using elastic movable is top.
The present invention is not limited to the specific steps of above-described embodiment, other equivalent transformations according to the inventive method it is similar
Method is each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of knife car of slender axles one into method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) stock up：Length is cut into the blank more than overall length 3mm on request；
(2) conventional method heat treatment and alignment processing；
(3) conventional method centering and the pre- car at clamping workpiece end：The conventional method machining center hole on centre bore lathe, by size
It is required that conventional method completes the pre-turning at clamping workpiece end；
(4) using the lathe for having follow-rest structure, the follow-rest is provided with two positioning support foots, the supporting head of positioning support foot
It is rectangular parallelepiped structure, supporting head is provided with bearing-surface, and orthographic projection of the bearing-surface along supporting head axis direction is rectangle；
(5) tool selection and installation：
Tool selection：Lathe tool tool cutting edge angle is 90 ° ~ 93 °；Lathe tool auxiliary angle is 7 ° ~ 9 °；Anterior angle is 20 ° ~ 27 °；Main cutting edge sword inclines
Angle is 3 °, and primary clearance is 12 °, and the chamfered edge width of main cutting edge is 0.5f ~ 0.7f, and chamfer angle is -10 °；Point of a knife is rose reamer
Point, smoothing edge clearance angle are -3 °；Cutting tool installation manner：Point of a knife is less than axis 0.1mm；
（6）Clamping method：With the clamping end of the soft claw clip clamping of workpieces of chuck, centre bore top support, the rotation tailstock of the other end
Handwheel, more than 1mm Axial Thermal elongate gaps are reserved with feed screw nut；
（7）Conventional method completes turning process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610000041.XA CN105478799B (en) | 2016-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | The knife car of slender axles one into method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610000041.XA CN105478799B (en) | 2016-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | The knife car of slender axles one into method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105478799A CN105478799A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105478799B true CN105478799B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610000041.XA Expired - Fee Related CN105478799B (en) | 2016-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | The knife car of slender axles one into method |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104889507B (en) * | 2015-07-04 | 2017-11-28 | 云南冶金昆明重工有限公司 | A kind of long lead screw turning processing method |
| CN111805636A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-23 | 东南大学 | Single-shaft three-tool-rest wood lathe |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4383457A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1983-05-17 | Snyder Corporation | Work support and drive for elongate slender parts |
| DE10134176A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-24 | Alu Menziken Ind Ag Menziken | High precision processing of external surface of thin-walled pipe involves clamping pipe at one end, moving external processing tool axially along pipe from other end with relative rotation |
| CN103240429A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | Turning tool for quickly turning sample and fixed-size cutting method adopting same |
| CN103302318A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏省江阴中等专业学校 | Lifting-looping type multifunctional adjustable two-jaw moving stay |
| CN103551611A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-05 | 无锡雨田精密工具有限公司 | Grooving forming blade |
| CN103611948A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Method for machining long and thin rod part on ordinary lathe |
-
2016
- 2016-01-01 CN CN201610000041.XA patent/CN105478799B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4383457A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1983-05-17 | Snyder Corporation | Work support and drive for elongate slender parts |
| DE10134176A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-24 | Alu Menziken Ind Ag Menziken | High precision processing of external surface of thin-walled pipe involves clamping pipe at one end, moving external processing tool axially along pipe from other end with relative rotation |
| CN103302318A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏省江阴中等专业学校 | Lifting-looping type multifunctional adjustable two-jaw moving stay |
| CN103240429A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | Turning tool for quickly turning sample and fixed-size cutting method adopting same |
| CN103551611A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-05 | 无锡雨田精密工具有限公司 | Grooving forming blade |
| CN103611948A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Method for machining long and thin rod part on ordinary lathe |
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| CN105478799A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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