CN105473364B - For driving the method for motor vehicles and drive system for motor vehicles - Google Patents

For driving the method for motor vehicles and drive system for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105473364B
CN105473364B CN201480046833.XA CN201480046833A CN105473364B CN 105473364 B CN105473364 B CN 105473364B CN 201480046833 A CN201480046833 A CN 201480046833A CN 105473364 B CN105473364 B CN 105473364B
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motor
motor vehicles
gas engine
energy storage
storage units
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CN105473364A (en
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T·梅尔茨
R·海姆
T·普法伊费尔
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
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    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • Y10S903/907—Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

It is used to drive the method for motor vehicles and a kind of drive system for motor vehicles the present invention relates to a kind of, only electronic forward travel for the motor vehicles, at least one electro-motor is connected directly or indirectly to the power transmission shaft of the motor vehicles, the electro-motor is by via energy storage units supply of electrical energy, the energy is by by generator supplying charging current, and the generator is by gas engine-driven.It is a feature of the present invention that, the internal combustion engine operates during the forward travel of motor vehicles, the average power requirement for making it possible to be assigned to the electro-motor is equal to the mean power output that can be assigned to the gas engine, enabling the charged state for being assigned to the energy storage units does not change or only changed in the range of charge states by tolerances.

Description

For driving the method for motor vehicles and drive system for motor vehicles
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for driving motor vehicles and it is related to a kind of drivetrain due to motor vehicles System, for its special electronic motion, at least one electro-motor is cither indirectly or directly connected to the transmission of the motor vehicles The power wheel hub of the wheel of axle or at least motor vehicles.At least one electro-motor is supplied electricity from energy storage units Can, the energy storage units from generator supplying charging current, the generator by internal combustion engine by being driven.
Background technology
Electromobility causes increasing interest, but its actual distribution particularly in electric vehicle in industrialized country The desired and desired degree in industry and politics is far below with purposes.On the one hand its reason is the motor-driven of electrical motor driven The short operating range of vehicle, on the other hand it is off too high purchase cost up to the present.User is for comfort level and model The positive promotion technical research of high expectation enclosed is to optimize the efficiency degree of involved all parts in electric transmission chain, this meaning The same raising of production cost.As an example, high efficiency synchronous electro-motor is used for the direct drive of wheel, high efficiency synchronous electricity Dynamic motor is by from the lithium ion battery supply electric power with very high energies density.
In addition, except when outside preceding known range of operation problem, ad hoc electrically driven vehicle has also suffered from operation Problem, it has its source in the long charging interval of the energy storage unit entrained by the vehicle, and is up to the present to divide The not yet extensive enough charge spot infrastructure of cloth.
In order to avoid or reduce above mentioned problem, the motor vehicles with hybrid drive variant are on sale, wherein, using based on The drive system of electro-motor and internal combustion engine.Especially, it is being provided for directly driving the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicles and extremely , it is necessary to gear and clutch unit complicated and that manufacture is expensive in the case of a few electro-motor, except sizable Outside battery/battery weight, the fact that be finally reflected in the overall weight of the motor vehicles.
On the other hand, for driven by power motor vehicles hybrid drive concept with regard to its motion and energy supply for It is it is well known that for its motion, has used at least one electro-motor for being connected to power transmission shaft, and its energy is supplied For answering, exist and rechargeable battery/battery.For the sake of the electric energy supply of the charging ability more than the battery, use A kind of internal combustion engine of additional setting, such as the internal combustion engine in the form of diesel oil or petrol engine, the internal combustion engine are connected to hair Motor is used to generate electricity, and the generator is used for for the battery/battery charging.In the 386A1 of open source literature DE 41 21 in detail This driving concept is illustrated, wherein, via the motor vehicle trailer joining device of the motor vehicles only by means of electrical motor driven, A kind of energy supply trailer for being coupled and disconnecting connection can be obtained, the energy supply trailer includes a kind of as sending out The internal combustion engine of the driver of motor.It can be used for by means of the electric energy as caused by the petrol-electric generating set for Vehicular battery Charging, so as to allow only to increase the operation that electric vehicle can be utilized to realize by using the total electrical charge being stored in Vehicular battery Scope.
The driving concept similar with the energy supply trailer for electrocar is in open source literature DE 94 04 Disclosed in 746.4 U1, wherein, there is provided a kind of petrol engine is used to drive the generating being placed on the energy supply trailer Machine.Other similar generators on the trailer of electric vehicle are known by the A1 of DE 37 32 869.
In addition to diesel oil or petrol engine are used to drive the electrical power generators, open source literature DE 10 2,009 045 979 A1 propose utilizes fresh air and solid-state, liquid and/or fuel gas using a kind of gas turbine, the gas turbine Mixture operates, so that it can be with the efficiency of optimization and with less discharge compared with traditional diesel oil and petrol engine Amount operating.In 10 2,005 035 313 A1 and US 2001/ of A1, DE of open source literature DE 10 2,009 000 530 The similar hybrid electric drive system with a kind of combination is disclosed in 0017532 A1, the combination includes being somebody's turn to do as driving The generator and gas turbine of the power supply of battery/secondary battery unit charging needed for electro-motor.
Except for driving electrical power generators and as the motor vehicles only by least one electrical motor driven Power supply for the diesel oil, gasoline and gas turbine driver of the charging of battery/battery outside, it is also known that using by liquefying Oil gas (LPG) or the gas engine of compressed natural gas (CNG) driving, so as to realize compared with diesel oil and petrol engine Low exhaust emissions.Such as in 10 2,010 028 312 A1, the DE 195 of A1, DE of open source literature DE 10 2,008 051 324 This hybrid electric sedan-chair combined with gas engine is described in the 09 625 A1 and A1 of DE 10 2,009 027 294 Car.
The A1 of open source literature DE 2,007 004 172 disclose a kind of electric vehicle, by constantly making entrained battery Electric discharge, to the electro-motor supply of electrical energy of the electric vehicle.When the motor vehicles stop, i.e., when it, which is in, stops, by interior The generator that combustion engine drives and is equally carried can be that battery charges.Only in case of emergency, the emergency is exactly logical The so-called urgent drive pattern that the operation device started in vehicle is realized is crossed, the pattern causes do not having in limited drive pattern The vehicle can be driven in the case of having traction battery.In this case, existed by petrol-electric generating set as exception It is activated, and be able to can be directly obtained via the electric power that the generator obtains while driving, i.e., by around the traction battery To obtain.
The A1 of open source literature WO 2013/000534 describe a kind of hybrid power of the continuous structure including energy storage Motor vehicles, can improve the charged state of the energy storage by known distance increasing unit, and the distance increasing unit is included with generating The internal combustion engine of machine.
The technical teaching disclosed in that publication is related to a kind of by internal combustion engine progress of the generator to the distance increasing unit Economic Power Control.The internal combustion engine is controlled by turning round quantity, the revolution is by control the load torque of the generator Mode be controlled.And then based on controlling to influence the control of the load torque of the generator on charging current, the generating Machine profit charges to entrained energy accumulator in this way.
The T2 of open source literature DE 699 27 341 describe a kind of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, and the motor vehicle driven by mixed power provides one The internal combustion engine of kind driving generator.The generator had both been connected to battery and has been connected to the second generator for driving drive. Disclosed technical teaching is related to the control logic of all parts particularly suitable for the hybrid vehicle in that publication, Profit is in this way, it will at least should by dependent in a manner of correcting compared with multiple values between required actual value to realize The operating of internal combustion engine and the operating of first generator.
The content of the invention
The requirement of the present invention is further to research and develop a kind of method for being used to drive motor vehicles and one kind to be used for motor vehicle Respective drive system, the only electronic motion for the motor vehicles, at least one electro-motor is by cither indirectly or directly At least power wheel hub of the power transmission shaft of the motor vehicles or the wheel of the motor vehicles is connected to, at least one electro-motor By from energy storage units supply of electrical energy, the energy storage units again by from by gas-engine-driven generator with following side Formula supplying charging current, on the one hand mitigate/solve the problems, such as the operating range for influenceing electrically drivable motor vehicle, and the opposing party Face has used the part of low cost.Especially, the main research and development theory with the separate part of assembling height optimization is on the contrary, for reality The electric vehicle optimized in terms of present operating range and efficiency, this is required to include using tried and by test Technology and to solve the problems, such as the operating range but be made great efforts with more convenient realization to use these technologies.
The solution for the requirement that the present invention is based on is set forth in claim 1.One kind is according to the solution It is the theme of claim 9 by the driver of the vehicle of electrical motor driven that what scheme construction formed, which is used for,.In an advantageous manner Show the solution concept and be characterized in the theme of dependent claims and the theme of following specification.
Idea behind the present invention traces back to series hybrid driving principle, wherein, only electrically drivable motor vehicle provides At least one electro-motor, at least one electro-motor be cither indirectly or directly connected with the power transmission shaft of the motor vehicles or Power wheel hub at least with the wheel of the motor vehicles is connected, and by from energy storage units supply of electrical energy, wherein, the energy Memory cell is by via by gas-engine-driven generator charging.However, the solution concept is different from general mixing Popular development and the operating strategy of power car, because the energy storage units are deliberately not structured to, by its energy Optimized in terms of density and maximum charge capacity.On the contrary, the maximum charge capacity of the energy storage units is sized, make The electric energy that must be stored in it is only sufficiently used for tackling the minimum fortune for the operation mode for being based only upon the electro-motor as driver Turn scope, i.e., in the feelings to be charged not over entrained gas engine-generator unit to the energy storage units Tackled enough under condition.The very limited amount of energy storage capacity clearly selected of the energy storage units is selected at least ensure that, It ensure that about 20km to 50km minimum operating range.On the contrary, the determinant for determining the operating range is to be used to fire The entrained fuel to be burnt in gas engine, the generator are driven by the burning, which ensure that to the energy storage units Charged.
According to a kind of driving change of pattern of representation of concept of the solution in the field of motorized motions technology, this changes Become the research and development purpose for being obviously related to and generally being declared in the field of electrical drive system/electric hybrid electric drive system, the mesh The efficiency degree for being related to each separate part optimization.Certainly, the system of this technical optimization result in high research and development into This, the high R＆D costs ultimately mean that very high purchase cost for consumer so that for possessing necessary fund The limited range of associated groups still retains the vehicle of the modern electrical motor driven of this height.
The technology pattern is accurately related to according to the driving concept of the solution, the technology pattern is characterised by skill Invariance transformation in art volume marginal, it is changed to require solve electronic sedan-chair based on existing tried and test technical intelligence Central range problem present in car, but the inexpensive part being finally reflected in significantly reduced procurement price is make use of, with Just maximize finally significantly the degree of recognition of the vehicle of electrical motor driven.
According to the solution, therefore, the gas engine is operated in the following manner during the motion of motor vehicles, The average power requirement that the electro-motor can be assigned to corresponds to the mean power output that can be assigned to gas engine, makes The charged state that must can be assigned to the energy storage units does not change or only changed in the range of charge states of tolerance covering Become.This means the mean power quilt for the motion for the motor vehicles withdrawn by the electro-motor from the energy storage units Supplied indirectly by entrained gas engine, the gas engine is preferred while the motor vehicles are in operating Ground is continuously run.The energy storage units are used only as energy buffer, and due to generating electricity, the energy buffer is started by combustion gas Machine generator unit constantly charges, while at least one electro-motor as the driver for the motor vehicles is from the energy Measure memory cell and obtain electric energy.Certainly, the electric charge extracted by least one electro-motor from the energy storage units may The electric charge supplied by the generator of the energy storage units is not corresponded exactly to, on the contrary, the energy storage units fill Electricity condition due to because motor vehicles operating and the continuous electric discharge occurred and charging operations and the energy stores can be assigned to Fluctuated near the charged state of unit in about ± 30% margin of tolerance.
In one exemplary embodiment, can be it is possible that being only configured to the energy storage units a kind of appropriate true The capacitor being sized, the charging capacity of the capacitor is small compared with heavy battery.Because the capacitor is in motor vehicle Charged and discharged by least one electro-motor with identical framing degree by continual during operating, therefore need not be at this Energy storage units memory storage exceedes the quantity of electric charge of the average energy demand of the electro-motor.All phases of the energy storage units Same electric charge, which holds, so should always be selected to so that at least one electro-motor extracts increased number of energy in a short time It is possible, this for example can be by such as overtaking other vehicles caused by the quick accelerator of operating etc.
Led to compensate the energy storage units due to the power demand of the short-term raising of at least one electro-motor The electric discharge of the short-term raising caused, preferably operated with the discrete revolution (speed) specified and optimized in terms of efficiency and tail gas The gas engine must tolerance cover velocity interval in operate.In
Alternatively, the gas engine is made to be operated with different discrete velocities, the gas engine is equally discrete with this Speed operates, and is optimized in terms of efficiency and discharge/tail gas.If the driving situation dependent on operating occurs, its In the chronic energy consumption that occurs increasing on the part of at least one electro-motor, for example, if the motor vehicles must It must overcome long-term soaring, then the gas engine is operated with the discrete raising speed specified, and due to the speed, is equally applicable for The energy storage units of the power demand improved of at least one electro-motor are supplied to the charging current increased.
Energy source is determined as operating range, according to the solution for driving the operating concept of motor vehicles (right In the only motorized motions of the motor vehicles, at least one electro-motor is by the cither indirectly or directly phase of the power transmission shaft with the motor vehicles The maximum charge capacity of the entrained energy storage units even) is not utilized, but utilizes entrained fuel quantity, the fuel Measure for driving the gas engine and therefore driving the generator being attached thereto to generate electricity.In a preferred embodiment, to this The charging capacity of energy storage units and the gas engine and the entrained fuel quantity for operating the gas engine Selected, be adjusted in the following manner relative to each other, only by burning of the fuel in the gas engine and with Connection generator the electric energy share that is obtained of driving be using the achievable transport maximum scope of the motor vehicles extremely Few 60%, preferably at least 70%, until being up to 90%.This means be stored in fully charged energy storage units Electric energy share contribute to only more than 10% and maximum to the transport maximum scope of the drive system constructed according to the solution Between 40%.In addition, the operating that the energy storage units are completely discharged can be feasible, this is that ought to have reached this motor-driven Situation during the transport maximum scope of vehicle.If in this case, being only filled with the fuel tank (i.e. fuel tank), and it is not filled with this Energy storage unit can be possible, and the transport maximum scope of the motor vehicles can be only dependent upon the fuel quantity in this case Technical available energy content, i.e. share of the fuel in maximum achievable scope is 100%.
Teaching for ENV merely with electric energy is deviate from even from the operating concept of the solution, according to The driving concept of the solution avoids relying on weight and the path problem dependent on charging capacity, and in addition, it is allowed to Use such as traditional and inexpensive battery (being based preferably on nickel metal mixture, alkali manganese, zinc chloride or zinc-carbon cell) Etc conventional art be achieved at low cost electric motor vehicle.
In addition, be comprehensive and extensive infrastructure for a kind of fuel with regard to for gas engine being present, Preferably in the form of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or compressed natural gas (CNG).
Except via the gas engine generator operation and due to energy regenerating (its during brake operating In, used reverse electrodynamics principle) energy accumulator is charged in the motion process of the motor vehicles can Beyond energy property, for corresponding fuel reserve, when stopping by the gas engine and the generator pair being attached thereto The motor vehicles charge equally possible.Thus, the motor vehicles can be by even with unrelated with possible charging station Mode operate, particularly degree be present in the absence of the infrastructure or infrastructure for being charged for pure electrically driven vehicles Operated in inadequate region.
Come by using the single-order gas engine for being preferably by liquefied petroleum gas or compressed natural gas fuel driven real The drive system of motor vehicles is now configured to according to the solution, the drive system has：At least one electro-motor, At least one electro-motor is cither indirectly or directly connected by the power transmission shaft with the motor vehicles；Energy storage unit, for electricity It can supply, the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the electro-motor；And gas engine, the gas engine are sent out with being used for The connection of the generator operation of electricity, the generator is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, for supplying charging current, its In, entrained fuel quantity has the energy content for the transport maximum scope for substantially determining the motor vehicles.On the other hand, the electricity Energy memory cell includes and does not know the charging capacity of the operating range for the motor vehicles.Or quasi- single-order can be used Gas engine, in addition to pure burning liquid petroleum gas or compressed natural gas, if it is desired, the quasi- single-order gas engine Gasoline can also be utilized to operate.
Compared with conventional gasoline engin, the use of gas engine allows significantly to drop at once in cold start-up in particular Low emission value, because compared with traditional combustion engine, gas engine is due to higher compression but more efficiently.This Outside, operated, i.e., started with discrete command speed operating to improve combustion gas under optimal operation point by gas engine The efficiency of machine is possible.In addition, compared with the internal combustion engine of conventional gasoline or diesel driven, gas engine has following benefit Place：By the combustion gas connector being connected in the building for carrying combustion gas connector, it is possible in theory to refill.
Brief description of the drawings
It will be referred to now in a manner of not limiting inventive concept substantially as exemplary embodiment for unique accompanying drawing The bright present invention, the accompanying drawing schematically depict all parts for electrical motor driven vehicle according to the solution.
Embodiment
Unique accompanying drawing show according to the present invention the motor vehicles 1 based on pure electrical motor driven driving it is general Read, wherein, should for driving at least one electro-motor 2 needed for the driving of power transmission shaft 3 to be connected to energy storage 4 Energy storage 4 is charged by the generator 5 driven by single-order or second order gas engine 6.Start for operating the combustion gas The fuel 7 of machine 6 is stored in the applicable fuel tank 8 carried by motor vehicles 1.According to the operation mode base of the solution In the approximation of the mean power output of the average power requirement and gas engine 6 of the electro-motor 2.In this way it can be ensured that The charged state of the entrained energy storage units 4 not or not substantially changes while motor vehicles 1 are advanced.
Only pass through the operation mode, it is possible to, not as all formerly known solutions, the electric energy is deposited Storage unit 4 is configured to limit the energy of the operating range, but the energy storage units 4 are used only as being used for by gas engine 6 and downstream generator 5 caused by electric energy buffer unit or intermediate storage unit.Under theoretical extreme case, the electric energy Memory cell 4 can be constructed in the form of purely capacitive device, and the charging capacity of the purely capacitive device is restricted according to the system And the electric energy that the purely capacitive device is only used for making being stored in immediately in the capacitor is delivered on the electro-motor 2.Generally, the energy Amount memory cell 4 may be structured to nickel metal mixture, alkali manganese, zinc chloride or zinc-carbon cell.
Because the battery systems optimized with charging capacity, that height is modern of the energy storage units 4 are compared to complete Different operation modes, therefore the active demand to be met is not present in charging capacity characteristic aspect, so that according to this The driving concept of solution can use traditional, particularly low cost energy storage units.In addition, according to the solution party The method of case allows operating point of the operating of gas engine 6 at least one optimization so that no matter traditional actuation techniques How, it has been satisfied by highest economic needs and ecological demand.Using what is realized according to the driving concept of the solution The maximum operating range of the motor vehicles 1 of electrical motor driven is substantially by entrained fuel 7 (such as operating the combustion gas The liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or compressed natural gas (CNG) of engine 6) determine.So, the motor vehicle with conventional ADS driving is realized Operating range corresponding to 1 operating range so that it is identical with the situation of newly designed electric automobile, in the absence of End-Customer " distance " it is discontented.
Reference numerals list
1 motor vehicles
2 electro-motors
3 power wheel hubs
4 energy storage units
5 generators
6 gas engines
7 fuel
8 fuel tanks

Claims (9)

1. method of the one kind for driving motor vehicles (1), the only electronic motion for the motor vehicles (1), at least one Individual electro-motor (2) is cither indirectly or directly connected to the power transmission shaft (3) or power wheel hub of the motor vehicles (1), it is described extremely A few electro-motor is by from energy storage units (4) supply of electrical energy, and the energy storage units are by from by gas engine (6) Generator (5) supplying charging current of driving,
Characterized in that, the gas engine (6) is operated in the following manner during the motion of the motor vehicles (1), The average power requirement that the electro-motor (2) can be assigned to corresponds to be assigned to the gas engine (6) Mean power output, enabling the charged state for being assigned to the energy storage units (4) does not change or only existed Change in the range of charge states of tolerance covering, wherein, the gas engine (6) is with constant speed or with the public affairs Speed operating in the velocity interval of difference covering, under the speed, under speed operation point, gas engine (6) quilt Optimized in operation in terms of efficiency and/or discharge.
2. method of the one kind for driving motor vehicles (1), the only electronic motion for the motor vehicles (1), at least one Individual electro-motor (2) is cither indirectly or directly connected to the power transmission shaft (3) or power wheel hub of the motor vehicles (1), it is described extremely A few electro-motor is by from energy storage units (4) supply of electrical energy, and the energy storage units are by from by gas engine (6) Generator (5) supplying charging current of driving,
Characterized in that, the gas engine (6) operates during the motion of the motor vehicles (1), enabling is divided The average power requirement of electro-motor described in dispensing (2) corresponds to be assigned to the average work(of the gas engine (6) Rate exports, so that the charged state that can be assigned to the energy storage units (4) does not change or only covered in tolerance Range of charge states in change, wherein, the gas engine (6) with different discrete velocities, under speed operation point or The speed near these speed operation points in the velocity interval covered in tolerance operates in the following manner, when described electronic When the power demand of motor (2) exceedes the average power requirement, the speed of the gas engine (6) by step by step or The velocity interval covered in a manner of changeable or according to the tolerance increases, also, the gas engine (6) is in operation Optimized in terms of efficiency and/or discharge.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that since at least one in the speed operation point, The gas engine (6) is operated with the speed change function of increasing pressure of temporal limitation, so that the power of the electro-motor (2) Demand is possibly realized more than the average power requirement.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that it is in liquefied petroleum gas that the gas engine (6), which utilizes, Or the fuel operating of the form of compressed natural gas.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that to the energy storage units (4) can be assigned to Maximum charge capacity and the maximum of entrained fuel (7) in the motor vehicles (1) selected so that for Certain share in the operating range, the transport maximum scope that the motor vehicles (1) are realized can be utilized by by making Fuel (7) is stated only to burn in the gas engine (6) and be converted into being used to drive the machine by the generator (5) The electric energy of motor-car (1) is realized, also, certain share is at least 60%.
6. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the range of charge states of the tolerance covering is can It is assigned to maximum ± 30% of the charged state of the energy storage units.
7. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that during the stopping of the motor vehicles (1), pass through The gas engine (6) is operated to charge to the energy storage units (4).
8. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that certain share is at least 70%.
9. according to the method for claim 8, it is characterised in that certain share is at least 90%.
CN201480046833.XA 2013-08-30 2014-08-26 For driving the method for motor vehicles and drive system for motor vehicles Active CN105473364B (en)

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