CN105467248A - Method for measuring and amending impact characteristics of grounding device - Google Patents
Method for measuring and amending impact characteristics of grounding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105467248A CN105467248A CN201510955996.6A CN201510955996A CN105467248A CN 105467248 A CN105467248 A CN 105467248A CN 201510955996 A CN201510955996 A CN 201510955996A CN 105467248 A CN105467248 A CN 105467248A
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- current
- earthing
- earthing device
- grounding
- pole
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and amending impact characteristics of a ground device. The method comprises the steps that grounding electrodes or buried rings which are arranged at equal intervals and disposed around the grounding device are selected; electric current backflow electrodes are disposed outside the grounding electrodes or the metal rings and are separately disposed via the arrangement manner of industrial frequency grounding resistance testing; and voltage reference points are determined through the industrial frequency grounding resistance testing. The method for measuring and amending the impact characteristics of the grounding disclosed by the invention has the advantages that uniform distribution of the grounding device in all-around current divergence can be ensured; the problem that testing results are far smaller than actual values when the rings are used as the electric current backflow electrodes can be avoided, and accurate measurement results of impact grounding impedance can be obtained directly; the distance between each backflow electrode and the tested grounding device is greatly reduced, and the length of a current lead is reduced; and thanks to the reduction of lead inductance, output capacity of an impact current generator is enhanced, current waveforms are ensured, and manufacture cost of the impact current generator is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of earthing device and measure modification method, be specifically related to a kind of earthing device impact characteristics and measure modification method, belong to high voltage earthing test technical field.
Background technology
Effective reduction pole tower ground resistance is the effective measures the most improving transmission line of electricity direct lightning strike protected effect.In the design of overhead line structures, the impulse earthed resistance value of overhead line structures earthing device, directly has influence on the lightning protection effect of circuit; For the shaft tower of general height, reducing Tower Impulse Grounding Resistance is the effective measures improving line lightning resisting level, reduce tripping rate with lightning strike; In order to ensure the lightning protection effect of transmission line of electricity, need regularly to assess tower grounding Transient grounding resistance.Usually the power frequency earthing resistance measuring tower grounding is adopted to assess the state of tower grounding at present; Under power frequency, the impedance ground of earthing device and its floor area closely related, area is larger, and impedance ground is lower; And the Transient grounding resistance of earthing device is the characteristic showed under thunderbolt transient state; Because the frequency of thunder and lightning is far above power frequency, now longitudinal inductance of earth conductor is very large, hinder lightning current along the outside diffusing of earth conductor, lightning current is caused to spill into the earth mainly through the grounding body entered near place, therefore earthing device only has limited areal in action under impact, when this and power frequency impedance ground and floor area closely related and inconsistent, therefore correctly can not assess the Transient grounding resistance of shaft tower by measuring the power-frequency earthing impedance of tower grounding; In order to reflect tower grounding Transient grounding resistance, usual employing coefficient of impact characterizes the relation between power-frequency earthing impedance and Transient grounding resistance, but coefficient of impact affects by many factors such as thunder and lightning wave head time, lightning current size, soil resistivity, earthing device arrangement form and sizes, is difficult to provide clear and definite value in reality.The most reliable method obtaining tower grounding Transient grounding resistance uses the impact characteristics of impulse current generator to tower grounding device to test.But the method for test at present mainly continues to use the three electrode method of power frequency earthing resistance test; Because the induction reactance of impacting lower measurement lead-in wire is very large, the long meeting that goes between causes the reduction of impulse current generator output efficiency, output waveform is deteriorated, and heavy current impact current feedback circuit manufacture difficulty is large, cost is high, movement is inconvenient, be difficult to rig-site utilization, therefore in Transient grounding resistance test, current reflux pole cannot be put into from the far place of tested earthing device to power frequency test like that; Now, because the current reflux pole under three electrode method concentrates on a place, and close to tested earthing device, when causing measuring the impact characteristics of earthing device according to three electrode method, electric current skewness on earthing device, larger with actual conditions difference; Different from power frequency, earthing device characteristic is under impact very large by the impact of earthing device distribution of current; Especially under heavy impulse current, can there are electric discharge phenomena in soil, and the distribution of current on these electric discharge phenomena and earthing device is closely related, and the uneven electric current that causes of distribution of current discharges from grounding body concentration of local; Because electric discharge is nonlinear, be necessary when therefore testing the impact characteristics of shaft tower earthing device to ensure that the distribution of current on earthing device is consistent with actual conditions.In order to reach this purpose, research unit has been had to use the metal ring surrounding tested earthing device as current reflux pole; Electric current diffusing is even in all directions to use metal ring to ensure that earthing device as current reflux pole, but because metal ring is very near apart from tested earthing device, its reverse potential produced on earthing device is very large, greatly counteract the current potential of earthing device itself, cause test result much smaller than actual value; Theoretical analysis shows, use metal ring as current reflux extremely after, only have when metal ring is infinitely great, test result is just identical with reality, even if otherwise use annulus as potential reference point, test result is also less than normal, and annulus is less, less than normal must be more; Owing to being difficult in reality use large circle, have in reality and use the backflow pole group surrounding earthing device as backflow pole, but it being the same with backflow ring, still there are the problems referred to above, therefore requires further improvement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
For solving the problem, the present invention proposes a kind of earthing device impact characteristics and measuring modification method, it both can ensure that distribution of current was even at an earthing device directional spreding, can find voltage reference points again.
(2) technical scheme
Earthing device impact characteristics of the present invention measures modification method, and described method is as follows: select the earthing pole or buried annulus that are looped around and equidistantly arrange around earthing device; Current reflux pole is outside earthing pole or metal ring, and arrange in addition according to the arrangement of power frequency earthing resistance test, the method that voltage reference points is tested according to power frequency earthing resistance is determined.
Further, described method is specific as follows:
The first step, centered by earthing device, be equidistantly evenly arranged several electrodes in earthing device surrounding and form annulus or the buried annulus around earthing device, every root electrode in depth in 0.6 ~ 0.8m, contact well with soil, and use insulated wire by all electrode equipotential link; All electrodes are annular distribution, the earthing device equivalent diameter that ring diameter equals 1.5 ~ 2 times.
Second step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, in pole of refluxing apart from local arrange current more than earthing device 3 times of diameters;
3rd step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, according to three electrode method rule interestingness voltage reference points;
4th step, uses heavy current impact generator to inject dash current between tested earthing device and current reflux pole, measures earth current waveform;
5th step, measures the voltage waveform of earthing device relative to voltage reference points;
6th step, asks voltage waveform peak value and the ratio of current waveform peak value, obtains the apparent Transient grounding resistance of earthing device.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, earthing device impact characteristics of the present invention measures modification method, has the following advantages in the present invention:
1, the present invention uses the earthing pole or buried annulus that are looped around and equidistantly arrange around earthing device, ensure that earthing device being uniformly distributed to surrounding diffusing;
2, the present invention is not owing to using annulus as current reflux pole, avoids and uses annulus to cause test result much smaller than the situation of actual value as current reflux pole, directly can obtain the accurate measurements of Transient grounding resistance; Use annulus as current reflux pole, even if voltage reference points is also set on annulus and (now can obtains maximum voltage), on the one hand test result still can be less than actual value, and this survey method cannot the impact of contact resistance in rejection test loop between electrode and soil.
3, the distance of the tested earthing device of backflow pole span shortens greatly, decreases current feed length.Because lead-in inductance reduces, improve the fan-out capability of impulse current generator, ensure that current waveform, decrease the manufacturing cost of impulse current generator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is arranged in embodiments of the invention 1 electrode and current reflux pole.
Embodiment
Earthing device impact characteristics of the present invention measures modification method, and described method is as follows: select the earthing pole or buried annulus that are looped around and equidistantly arrange around earthing device; Current reflux pole is outside earthing pole or metal ring, and arrange in addition according to the arrangement of power frequency earthing resistance test, the method that voltage reference points is tested according to power frequency earthing resistance is determined.
Wherein, described method is specific as follows:
The first step, centered by earthing device, be equidistantly evenly arranged several electrodes in earthing device surrounding and form annulus or the buried annulus around earthing device, every root electrode in depth in 0.6 ~ 0.8m, contact well with soil, and use insulated wire by all electrode equipotential link; All electrodes are annular distribution, the earthing device equivalent diameter that ring diameter equals 1.5 ~ 2 times.
Second step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, in pole of refluxing apart from local arrange current more than earthing device 3 times of diameters;
3rd step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, according to three electrode method rule interestingness voltage reference points;
4th step, uses heavy current impact generator to inject dash current between tested earthing device and current reflux pole, measures earth current waveform;
5th step, measures the voltage waveform of earthing device relative to voltage reference points;
6th step, asks voltage waveform peak value and the ratio of current waveform peak value, obtains the apparent Transient grounding resistance of earthing device.
Earthing device impact characteristics of the present invention measures modification method, and use metal ring around tested earthing device, to be grounded device, electric current diffusing is even in all directions; But with metal ring using method unlike, this metal ring is not as current reflux pole, current reflux pole is arranged in addition at the outer arrangement according to power frequency earthing resistance test of metal ring, and then voltage reference points is still determined according to the method for power frequency earthing resistance test; Namely compared with power frequency earthing resistance method of testing, simply increase a metal ring around tested earthing device, it only plays even earthing device electric current diffusing in all directions, is not connected with metals such as earthing device, current reflux pole, Voltage Reference levels; If this is because there is no current reflux pole, lightning current is only had to enter ground from tested earthing device, then electric current along earthing device even diffusing in all directions, now will be approximately the annular centered by earthing device apart from the equipotential line outside earthing device certain distance; If place one to surround the metal ring of earthing device centered by earthing device, then metal ring will overlap with equipotential line, metal ring on earthing device without any impact; Based on this raw material, when measuring earthing device Transient grounding resistance, this metal ring by consistent with not having the distribution of current reflux pole for the equipotential line distribution ensured in ring, thus ensure that on tested earthing device, distribution of current only has lightning current with reality, do not have the distribution of back flow current consistent; And outside metal ring, current reflux pole, voltage reference points still can be arranged according to the three electrode method of test power-frequency earthing impedance.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, in certain 1500 Europe rice uniform soil, be embedded with tested cross earthing device, respectively extend very 10m, buried depth 1m; 8 electrodes be equidistantly arranged in radius be 20m circumferentially, use 30 degree of angle-off sets to measure, current reflux pole span earthing device centre distance 30m; Use the test of 2.6/50us, 1kA dash current, obtaining Transient grounding resistance test result is 6.22 Europe; Remove 8 and equidistantly arrange electrode, current reflux pole span earthing device centre distance 60m (current reflux is extremely far away, and earthing device can be tending towards even to surrounding diffusing), uses 30 degree of angle-off sets again to measure, obtaining Transient grounding resistance test result is 6.31 Europe, and both coincide very well; If use annulus as current reflux pole, even if voltage reference points be also set on annulus, Transient grounding resistance test result is only 5.54 Europe, and this survey method cannot the impact of contact resistance in rejection test loop between electrode and soil.
Embodiment recited above is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limits the spirit and scope of the present invention.Under the prerequisite not departing from design concept of the present invention; the various modification that this area ordinary person makes technical scheme of the present invention and improvement; all should drop into protection scope of the present invention, the technology contents of request protection of the present invention, all records in detail in the claims.
Claims (2)
1. earthing device impact characteristics measures a modification method, and it is characterized in that, described method is: select the earthing pole or buried annulus that are looped around and equidistantly arrange around earthing device; Current reflux pole is outside earthing pole or metal ring, and arrange in addition according to the arrangement of power frequency earthing resistance test, the method that voltage reference points is tested according to power frequency earthing resistance is determined.
2. earthing device impact characteristics according to claim 1 measures modification method, it is characterized in that: described method is specific as follows:
The first step, centered by earthing device, be equidistantly evenly arranged several electrodes in earthing device surrounding and form annulus or the buried annulus around earthing device, every root electrode in depth in 0.6 ~ 0.8m, contact well with soil, and use insulated wire by all electrode equipotential link; All electrodes are annular distribution, the earthing device equivalent diameter that ring diameter equals 1.5 ~ 2 times.
Second step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, in pole of refluxing apart from local arrange current more than earthing device 3 times of diameters;
3rd step, according to the method for power-frequency earthing testing impedance, according to three electrode method rule interestingness voltage reference points;
4th step, uses heavy current impact generator to inject dash current between tested earthing device and current reflux pole, measures earth current waveform;
5th step, measures the voltage waveform of earthing device relative to voltage reference points;
6th step, asks voltage waveform peak value and the ratio of current waveform peak value, obtains the apparent Transient grounding resistance of earthing device.
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| CN201510955996.6A CN105467248A (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Method for measuring and amending impact characteristics of grounding device |
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| CN201510955996.6A CN105467248A (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Method for measuring and amending impact characteristics of grounding device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112083252A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112083252A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
| CN112083252B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-07-02 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
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Application publication date: 20160406 |