CN105464456A - Method and lifting sling for assembling extra-high voltage transmission iron tower through helicopter - Google Patents
Method and lifting sling for assembling extra-high voltage transmission iron tower through helicopter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105464456A CN105464456A CN201511019924.7A CN201511019924A CN105464456A CN 105464456 A CN105464456 A CN 105464456A CN 201511019924 A CN201511019924 A CN 201511019924A CN 105464456 A CN105464456 A CN 105464456A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
- E04H12/342—Arrangements for stacking tower sections on top of each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及特高压输电设备领域,具体的是一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法,还是一种在直升机组立特高压输电铁塔时使用的吊具。The invention relates to the field of UHV power transmission equipment, in particular to a method for erecting UHV power transmission towers by helicopters, and a spreader used when erecting UHV power transmission towers by helicopters.
背景技术Background technique
1000kV以上特高压线路钢管型铁塔具有塔段重,框架结构几何尺寸大的特点。据调研资料表明,目前,仅俄罗斯有采用Mi-26吊装大型电视塔的工程实例,尚无其他机型吊装特高压塔的资料。面对特高压工程大规模建设,直升机已成为解决工程建设极端施工难题、应对环境保护、施工安全、工期压力等突出问题的重要选择,推进直升机在特高压工程建设中的深化应用十分必要。Steel pipe towers for UHV lines above 1000kV have the characteristics of heavy tower sections and large geometric dimensions of frame structures. According to research data, at present, only Russia has engineering examples of using Mi-26 to hoist large-scale TV towers, and there is no information on hoisting UHV towers by other models. In the face of large-scale construction of UHV projects, helicopters have become an important choice to solve extreme construction problems in engineering construction, and to deal with outstanding problems such as environmental protection, construction safety, and construction schedule pressure. It is necessary to promote the deepening application of helicopters in UHV engineering construction.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决特高压输电铁塔组立困难的问题,本发明提供了一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法和吊具,该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法和吊具解决了特高压建设高峰期面临的难题,还解决了特殊地段困难施工的难题。In order to solve the problem of difficulty in erecting UHV transmission towers, the present invention provides a method and spreader for erecting UHV transmission towers by helicopter, which solves the peak of UHV construction It also solved the difficult construction problems in special areas.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:
一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法,包括以下步骤:A method for a helicopter to assemble an ultra-high voltage transmission tower, comprising the following steps:
步骤1、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的塔腿段吊装固定于预定地点;Step 1. The helicopter lifts and fixes the tower leg section of the UHV transmission tower assembled by the helicopter to a predetermined location;
步骤2、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的塔身吊装固定于该塔腿段上;Step 2, the helicopter lifts and fixes the tower body of the UHV power transmission tower assembled by the helicopter on the leg section of the tower;
步骤3、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的外侧横担吊装固定于该塔身的两侧。Step 3. Helicopter hoisting and fixing the outer cross arms of the UHV power transmission tower assembled by the helicopter to both sides of the tower body.
一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔时使用的吊具,该吊具为上述步骤1中使用的吊具,该吊具包括从上向下依次连接的筋板、扁担架和多个手拉葫芦。A sling used when a helicopter assembles an ultra-high voltage transmission tower, the sling is the sling used in the above step 1, and the sling includes ribs, a shoulder stretcher and a plurality of chain hoists sequentially connected from top to bottom .
本发明的有益效果是,该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法和吊具解决了特高压建设高峰期面临的难题,还解决了特殊地段困难施工的难题。该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的成功对应用直升机吊装铁塔的施工技术推向更高的层次和扩大吊装塔型范围,其示范效应和社会影响均有着重大意义。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method for erecting UHV power transmission towers by helicopter and the spreader solve the problems faced in the peak period of UHV construction, and also solve the difficult problems of difficult construction in special locations. The success of the UHV power transmission tower erected by the helicopter pushes the construction technology of lifting the tower to a higher level and expands the range of hoisting towers. Its demonstration effect and social impact are of great significance.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是直升机组立完成的特高压输电铁塔的主视图。Figure 1 is the front view of the UHV transmission tower assembled by helicopter.
图2是直升机吊装一个完整塔腿的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a complete tower leg hoisted by a helicopter.
图3是直升机吊装完23号塔身段时的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram when the helicopter lifts the No. 23 tower body.
图4是挂架的俯视图。Figure 4 is a top view of the hanger.
图5是挂钩的主视图。Fig. 5 is a front view of the hook.
图6是直升机横向对接组装外侧横担时的状态一的主视图。Fig. 6 is a front view of the first state when the helicopter is laterally docked and assembled with the outer cross arms.
图7是直升机横向对接组装外侧横担时的状态二的主视图。Fig. 7 is a front view of the second state when the helicopter is laterally docked and assembled with the outer cross arm.
图8是直升机横向对接组装外侧横担时的状态三的主视图。Fig. 8 is a front view of the third state when the helicopter is laterally docked and assembled with the outer cross arm.
图9是直升机横向对接组装外侧横担时的状态四的主视图。Fig. 9 is a front view of the fourth state when the helicopter is laterally docked and assembled with the outer cross arm.
图10是直升机横向对接组装外侧横担时的状态五的主视图。Fig. 10 is a front view of state five when the helicopter is laterally docked and assembled with the outer cross arm.
图中附图标记:5、5号塔身段;6、6号塔身段;7、7号塔身段;8、8号塔身段;9、9号塔身段;10、10号塔身段;11、11号塔身段;12、12号塔身段;13、13号塔身段;17、17号塔身段;23、23号塔身段;24、24号塔身段;26、塔腿段;Reference signs in the figure: tower figures 5 and 5; tower figures 6 and 6; tower figures 7 and 7; tower figures 8 and 8; tower figures 9 and 9; tower figures 10 and 10; No. 11 tower body; No. 12, No. 12 tower body; No. 13, No. 13 tower body; No. 17, No. 17 tower body; No. 23, No. 23 tower body; No. 24, No. 24 tower body; 26, Tower leg section;
30、吊具;31、筋板;32、扁担架;33、手拉葫芦;34、吊环螺栓;35、拉线;30. Spreader; 31. Rib plate; 32. Stretcher; 33. Chain hoist; 34. Eyebolt; 35. Pull wire;
40、完整塔腿;41、塔腿;42、下塔身单元;43、临时拉线;40. Complete tower legs; 41. Tower legs; 42. Lower tower body unit; 43. Temporary stay wires;
50、外侧横担;51、挂架;52、上主材;53、挂钩;54、近侧横担;55、上钢管;56、插入杆;57、卡槽板;58、V形导轨。50, outer cross arm; 51, hanger; 52, upper main material; 53, hook; 54, proximal cross arm; 55, upper steel pipe; 56, insertion rod;
具体实施方式detailed description
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的方法,包括以下步骤:A method for a helicopter to assemble an ultra-high voltage transmission tower, comprising the following steps:
步骤1、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的塔腿段吊装固定于预定地点;Step 1. The helicopter lifts and fixes the tower leg section of the UHV transmission tower assembled by the helicopter to a predetermined location;
步骤2、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的塔身吊装固定于该塔腿段上;Step 2, the helicopter lifts and fixes the tower body of the UHV power transmission tower assembled by the helicopter on the leg section of the tower;
步骤3、直升机将该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的外侧横担吊装固定于该塔身的两侧;Step 3, the helicopter is hoisting and fixing the outer cross arm of the UHV transmission tower assembled by the helicopter on both sides of the tower body;
该直升机组立完成的特高压输电铁塔如图1所示。The UHV transmission tower completed by the helicopter assembly is shown in Figure 1.
在本实施例中,该直升机组立特高压输电铁塔的塔腿段含有四个塔腿41,为了提高吊装效率,在步骤1中,将该塔身中最下端的塔身段(即24号塔身段24)平均分为与四个塔腿41一一对应的四个下塔身单元42,使四个塔腿41与四个下塔身单元42(即24号塔身段24的四分之一)一一对应连接成四个完整塔腿(40),这样该直升机每次可以将一个完整塔腿40吊装固定于预定地点,通过多次往复该直升机完成该塔腿段26和24号塔身段24的吊装。即该直升机在完成吊装塔腿段26时,能够将塔腿段26和该塔身中最下端的塔身段同时完成吊装。优选,每个完整塔腿40的大小和形状完全相同,每个完整塔腿40的重量为7吨~8吨。In this embodiment, the tower leg section of the UHV power transmission tower assembled by the helicopter contains four tower legs 41. In order to improve the hoisting efficiency, in step 1, the tower body section at the bottom of the tower body (that is, tower No. 24) Figure 24) is evenly divided into four lower tower body units 42 corresponding to four tower legs 41 one by one, so that four tower legs 41 and four lower tower body units 42 (i.e. 1/4 of No. 24 tower body section 24) ) are connected into four complete tower legs (40) in one-to-one correspondence, so that the helicopter can hoist a complete tower leg 40 at a predetermined location at a time, and complete the tower leg section 26 and the No. 24 tower body section by reciprocating the helicopter many times 24 hoisting. That is to say, when the helicopter finishes hoisting the tower leg section 26, it can simultaneously complete the hoisting of the tower leg section 26 and the lowermost tower body section in the tower body. Preferably, the size and shape of each complete tower leg 40 are exactly the same, and the weight of each complete tower leg 40 is 7 tons to 8 tons.
在本实施例中,在步骤1中,该直升机将一个完整塔腿40吊装固定于预定地点包括以下步骤:In this embodiment, in step 1, the helicopter hoisting and fixing a complete tower leg 40 to a predetermined location includes the following steps:
步骤1.1、该直升机携一个完整塔腿40飞至该预定地点;Step 1.1, the helicopter carries a complete tower leg 40 to the predetermined location;
步骤1.2、该直升机携该完整塔腿40至该预定地点上空悬停,指挥该直升机下降,当该完整塔腿40下降至该预定地点时,将绑扎在该完整塔腿40上的临时拉线解开,将该完整塔腿40拉至准备好的部位进行初步连接;Step 1.2, the helicopter carries the complete tower leg 40 to hover over the predetermined location, directs the helicopter to descend, and when the complete tower leg 40 descends to the predetermined location, releases the temporary stay wire bound on the complete tower leg 40 Open, pull the complete tower leg 40 to the prepared position for initial connection;
步骤1.3、采用推拉或撬棍方式令完整塔腿40下端的地脚法兰盘眼孔对准该预定地点上的地脚螺栓,该直升机继续下降,使完整塔腿40借助该预定地点上设置的外挡导轨下落穿入该地脚螺栓;Step 1.3: Use push-pull or crowbar to align the eyelets of the anchor flange at the lower end of the complete tower leg 40 with the anchor bolts at the predetermined location, and the helicopter continues to descend, so that the complete tower leg 40 is set on the predetermined location. The outer block guide rail falls and penetrates the anchor bolt;
步骤1.4、完整塔腿40就位稳妥后,对完整塔腿40进行临时固定,如图2所示。Step 1.4. After the complete tower leg 40 is in place, temporarily fix the complete tower leg 40, as shown in FIG. 2 .
具体的,该直升机将一个完整塔腿40吊装固定于预定地点包括以下步骤:Specifically, the helicopter hoisting and fixing a complete tower leg 40 to a predetermined location includes the following steps:
直升机飞抵料场吊件上方,缓慢下降至工作钩接近地面,施工人员对吊件进行吊挂。The helicopter flies to the top of the hanger in the material yard, slowly descends until the working hook is close to the ground, and the construction workers hang the hanger.
步骤1.1、指挥直升机上升,携吊件飞至施工点(即塔位);Step 1.1, command the helicopter to rise, and fly to the construction point (that is, the tower position) with the lifting parts;
步骤1.2、直升机携挂吊件至塔位上空悬停,由地面指挥直升机下降高度,至吊件接近基础面时,施工人员将绑扎在吊件上的临时拉线解开,拉至与地面已准备好的拉线进行初步连接;Step 1.2. The helicopter carries the hanger to hover over the tower position, and the ground commands the helicopter to lower its height. When the hanger is close to the foundation, the construction personnel will untie the temporary stay wire tied to the hanger, and pull it to the ground to be ready. Good guy wires for preliminary connections;
步骤1.3、施工人员采用推拉或撬棍方式(撬棍可穿入法兰盘劲板上开孔)转动塔腿主柱,令地脚法兰盘眼孔对准地脚螺栓,由飞行方地面负责人通知直升机下降,吊段借助基础上设置的外挡导轨,下落穿入地脚螺栓;Step 1.3. The construction personnel use push-pull or crowbar method (the crowbar can penetrate into the hole on the flange plate) to turn the main column of the tower leg, so that the eye holes of the flange plate of the foundation are aligned with the anchor bolts. The person in charge informs the helicopter to descend, and the hoisting section falls and penetrates the anchor bolts with the help of the outer guide rail set on the foundation;
步骤1.4、塔腿就位稳妥后,施工人员迅速将临时拉线43固定好;Step 1.4, after the tower legs are in place, the construction workers quickly fix the temporary stay wire 43;
步骤1.5、直升机脱开工作钩,返回料场;Step 1.5, the helicopter disengages the working hook and returns to the stockyard;
步骤1.6、按上述步骤1.1至步骤1.5重复四次,完成4个完整塔腿40吊装后,施工人员登塔完成整体组装工作。Step 1.6, repeat the above steps 1.1 to 1.5 four times, after completing the hoisting of 4 complete tower legs 40, the construction personnel climb the tower to complete the overall assembly work.
步骤1的注意事项:Notes for Step 1:
1、塔腿段在料场组装时,场地应平整。塔段各支点用仪器操平,地面组装螺栓紧固完好,保证塔段主柱变形较小符合规定。1. When the tower leg section is assembled in the stock yard, the site should be flat. The fulcrums of the tower section are leveled with instruments, and the ground assembly bolts are fastened intact to ensure that the deformation of the main column of the tower section is small and meets the regulations.
2、本方案给出了初步的吊点绳长度,实际吊点绳长度由真型试验确定,施工作业指导书按试验确定长度执行。真型试验采取吊车调试吊立重心、确定点绳长度,并检查塔脚法兰加劲板对螺帽拧入影响,进行就位试验。2. This plan gives the preliminary length of the lifting point rope, the actual length of the lifting point rope is determined by the true type test, and the construction operation instruction is executed according to the length determined by the test. In the true type test, the center of gravity is adjusted by the crane, the length of the point rope is determined, and the influence of the flange stiffener plate at the tower foot on the screwing in of the nut is checked, and the in-place test is carried out.
3、应铺放好临时拉线,连接好滑车组,以备快速安装拉线;人工配合作业应提前进行训练,以满足在规定时间内完成塔腿吊装作业;1/4塔腿段吊立后,调整拉线使中心连接点向外预留有100mm~200mm间隙,以避免与下段安装时发生挂碰现象。3. Temporary guy wires should be laid out and the pulleys should be connected to prepare for quick installation of the guy wires; manual coordination operations should be trained in advance to meet the completion of the tower leg hoisting operation within the specified time; after the 1/4 tower leg section is hoisted, Adjust the cable so that there is a gap of 100mm to 200mm at the central connection point to avoid the phenomenon of hanging and colliding with the lower section during installation.
4、料场组装时,在24号塔身段24的上端安装就位导轨。底部法兰眼孔与所对应的地脚螺栓要做好明显的标志。4. When assembling in the stock yard, install guide rails on the upper end of the No. 24 tower body section 24. Bottom flange eyelets and corresponding anchor bolts should be clearly marked.
5、塔位施工点应绘制平面布置图,并依图布置好补材的摆放位置以及人工安装用的各机具。5. A floor plan should be drawn for the construction site of the tower, and the placement of supplementary materials and various machines and tools for manual installation should be arranged according to the drawing.
在本实施例中,该特高压输电铁塔的塔身含有多个塔身段,在步骤2中,该直升机按照由下向上的顺从依次吊装每个塔身段,该直升机在吊装一个塔身段时包括以下步骤:In this embodiment, the tower body of the UHV power transmission tower contains multiple tower body sections. In step 2, the helicopter lifts each tower body section sequentially according to the obedience from bottom to top. The helicopter includes the following when hoisting a tower body section step:
步骤2.1、该直升机携该塔身段至该预定地点上空悬停,指挥该直升机下降,使该塔身段的下端的限位绳围框进入待连接部位上部导轨,继续下落使该塔身段经该导轨滑落至该待连接部位的法兰盘上的定位销内,令该塔身段的下端的法兰眼孔和该待连接部位的法兰盘上的眼孔准确对位,如图3所示。Step 2.1, the helicopter carries the tower body to hover over the predetermined location, and directs the helicopter to descend, so that the limit rope enclosure at the lower end of the tower body enters the upper guide rail of the part to be connected, and continues to fall so that the tower body passes through the guide rail Slide into the positioning pin on the flange plate of the part to be connected, so that the flange eyelets at the lower end of the tower body and the eyeholes on the flange plate of the part to be connected are accurately aligned, as shown in Figure 3.
具体的,在步骤2中,该直升机在吊装一个塔身段时包括以下步骤(仅以安装23号塔身段23为例):Specifically, in step 2, the helicopter includes the following steps when hoisting a tower body section (only taking the installation of No. 23 tower body section 23 as an example):
直升机飞抵料场吊件上方,缓慢下降至工作钩接近地面,施工人员对吊件进行吊挂;The helicopter flies to the top of the hanger in the material yard, slowly descends until the working hook is close to the ground, and the construction workers hang the hanger;
步骤2.1、吊段自料场飞抵施工点及上空后,缓缓下降至塔腿段上空,由飞行师和地面指挥配合令23号塔身段23的限位绳围框进入24号塔身段24上部的导轨,再下落吊段经导轨滑落至24号塔身段24的法兰盘上的定位销内,令上下法兰眼孔准确对位;Step 2.1. After the hoisting section flies from the material yard to the construction point and above the sky, it slowly descends to the sky above the tower leg section. The pilot and the ground command cooperate to order the limit rope enclosure of section 23 of tower 23 to enter section 24 of tower 24. The upper guide rail, and then the falling lifting section slides down through the guide rail to the positioning pin on the flange plate of No. 24 tower body section 24, so that the eye holes of the upper and lower flanges are accurately aligned;
步骤2.2、经地面指挥吊点绳脱落后,直升机返回料场;Step 2.2, after the ground command lifting point rope falls off, the helicopter returns to the stockyard;
步骤2.3、补齐杆件和螺栓,测量上平口几何尺寸,检查吊段变形情况;Step 2.3, complete the rods and bolts, measure the geometric dimensions of the upper flat opening, and check the deformation of the lifting section;
步骤2.4、测量整塔倾斜情况,无误后紧固螺栓;Step 2.4, measure the inclination of the whole tower, and tighten the bolts after correctness;
步骤2.5、拆除辅助构件和装置。Step 2.5, remove auxiliary components and devices.
步骤2.6、按上述步骤2.1至步骤2.5重复多次,直至完成塔身整体的组装工作。Step 2.6, repeat the above steps 2.1 to 2.5 several times until the overall assembly of the tower body is completed.
步骤2的注意事项:Notes for step 2:
1、吊段在料场组装后,用吊车吊起检查各部尺寸是否准确,检查核对其吊起后塔段的变形量符合规定。1. After the lifting section is assembled in the stock yard, use a crane to lift it to check whether the dimensions of each part are accurate, and check that the deformation of the tower section after lifting meets the regulations.
2、塔段通过内导轨自动就位完成吊装后,人工上塔及时安装螺栓;及时安装减重杆件,拆除补强杆。2. After the tower section is hoisted automatically in place through the inner guide rail, the bolts are manually installed on the tower; the weight-reducing rods are installed in time, and the reinforcing rods are removed.
3、塔段就位后法兰盘如出现螺栓孔不同心现象,可使用过眼冲穿入同心情况较好的螺栓孔,配合手锤由人工锤击,使塔段逐步回位,然后在空螺栓孔内穿入螺栓,最后再拔出过眼冲,用螺栓代替过眼冲。3. After the tower section is in place, if the bolt holes are not concentric on the flange plate, you can use the eye punch to penetrate into the bolt hole with better concentricity, and manually hammer with the hand hammer to make the tower section gradually return to its position. Insert bolts into the bolt holes, and finally pull out the eye punch, and replace the eye punch with bolts.
在本实施例中,该特高压输电铁塔的塔身含有多个塔身段,该多个塔身段包括从上向下依次连接的5号塔身段5、6号塔身段6、7号塔身段7、8号塔身段8、9号塔身段9、10号塔身段10、11号塔身段11、12号塔身段12、13号塔身段13、17号塔身段17、23号塔身段23和24号塔身段24,24号塔身段24为该塔身中最下端的塔身段;5号塔身段5、7号塔身段8、9号塔身段9、10号塔身段10、11号塔身段11、12号塔身段12、13号塔身段13、17号塔身段17和23号塔身段23采用立式组装;6号塔身段6、8号塔身段8、完整塔腿40和该横担采用卧式组装。In this embodiment, the tower body of the UHV transmission tower contains multiple tower body sections, and the multiple tower body sections include No. 5 tower body section 5, No. 6 tower body section 6, and No. 7 tower body section 7 connected sequentially from top to bottom. , No. 8 tower body 8, No. 9 tower body 9, No. 10 tower body 10, No. 11 tower body 11, No. 12 tower body 12, No. 13 tower body 13, No. 17 tower body 17, No. 23 tower body 23 and 24 Tower No. 24, No. 24 Tower No. 24 is the lowest tower body; No. 5 Tower No. 5, No. 7 Tower No. 8, No. 9 Tower No. 9, No. 10 Tower No. 10, No. 11 Tower No. 11 , No. 12 tower body 12, No. 13 tower body 13, No. 17 tower body 17 and No. 23 tower body 23 adopt vertical assembly; No. 6 tower body 6, No. 8 tower body 8, complete tower leg 40 and the cross arm adopt Horizontal assembly.
立式组装介绍:塔片在地面组装时分布将两根主材吊放在垫木上,辅材组装后使塔片内侧朝上。起吊时用吊车分别将地面组装完成的两片塔材吊起至塔段高度,并用控制绳控制塔片倾斜角度并使塔片主材下端与地面划印处重合调整塔材倾斜角度,利用地面的临时地锚设置拉线将塔片稳定住,吊车缓慢松钩。注意起吊时塔片不应离开地面。利用吊车辅助安装侧面辅材,塔段组装完成后,测量根开、倾斜等相关数据。Vertical assembly introduction: When the tower is assembled on the ground, the two main materials are hung on the skids, and the auxiliary materials are assembled so that the inner side of the tower faces upward. When lifting, use a crane to hoist the two pieces of tower materials assembled on the ground to the height of the tower section, and use the control rope to control the inclination angle of the tower pieces and make the lower end of the main material of the tower pieces coincide with the marking on the ground to adjust the inclination angle of the tower materials. Temporary ground anchors set the stay wires to stabilize the tower, and the crane slowly unhooks. Note that the tower should not leave the ground when lifting. Use the crane to assist in the installation of side auxiliary materials. After the tower section is assembled, measure the root opening, inclination and other related data.
卧式组装介绍:将一侧塔片在地面组装,用吊车辅助安装侧面斜铁,安装完斜铁后需打设临时拉线进行稳固,防止已组完的塔段发生倾斜。将地面组装完成的另一片对侧塔片用吊车吊起与地面已组好塔段进行连接。塔段组装完成后,测量根开、倾斜等相关数据。Horizontal assembly introduction: Assemble one side of the tower on the ground, and use a crane to assist in the installation of the side inclined iron. After the inclined iron is installed, temporary stay wires need to be laid for stabilization to prevent the assembled tower section from tilting. The other piece of the opposite side tower that has been assembled on the ground is hoisted by a crane and connected to the assembled tower section on the ground. After the tower section is assembled, measure root opening, inclination and other relevant data.
在本实施例的步骤3中,直升机吊装所述外侧横担50包括可以下步骤:In step 3 of this embodiment, the helicopter hoisting of the outer cross arm 50 includes the following steps:
步骤3.1、将两个挂架51一一对应的安装在该外侧横担50的两根上主材52的待连接端,将两个挂钩53一一对应的安装在塔身外的近侧横担54的两根上钢管55的外端待连接部位,挂架51含有沿水平方向设置的插入杆56,挂钩53含有卡槽板57和V形导轨58,卡槽板57上含有开口朝向的钩形槽口,挂架51和挂钩53的安装位置需要满足当插入杆56沿V形导轨58向下插入到卡槽板57的钩形槽口内并且转动该外侧横担50时,该外侧横担50的两根上主材52的待连接端与近侧横担54的两根上钢管55的外端待连接部位能够对应连接,如图4和图5所示;Step 3.1, install the two hangers 51 one by one on the ends to be connected of the two upper main materials 52 of the outer cross arm 50, and install the two hooks 53 on the proximal cross arm outside the tower body in one-to-one correspondence The outer ends of the two upper steel pipes 55 of 54 are to be connected. The hanger 51 contains an insertion rod 56 arranged in the horizontal direction. The hook 53 contains a draw-in groove plate 57 and a V-shaped guide rail 58. The notch, the mounting position of the hanger 51 and the hook 53 need to satisfy that when the insertion rod 56 is inserted downward along the V-shaped guide rail 58 into the hook-shaped notch of the draw-in plate 57 and when the outer cross-arm 50 is rotated, the outer cross-arm 50 The to-be-connected ends of the two upper main materials 52 and the outer ends to be connected of the two upper steel pipes 55 of the proximal cross arm 54 can be connected correspondingly, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 ;
步骤3.2、用直升机将横放的外侧横担50悬吊于近侧横担54的上方,该直升机在悬吊时,外侧横担50的两根上主材52的待连接端位于外侧横担50的两根下主材的待连接端的上方,再使该外侧横担50下降,直至插入杆56向下沿V形导轨58向下插入到卡槽板57的钩形槽口内,如图6和图7所示;Step 3.2: Use a helicopter to suspend the horizontally placed outer cross arm 50 above the near side cross arm 54. When the helicopter is suspended, the ends to be connected of the two upper main materials 52 of the outer cross arm 50 are located at the outer cross arm 50 Above the ends to be connected of the two lower main materials, the outer cross arm 50 is lowered until the insertion rod 56 is inserted downward along the V-shaped guide rail 58 into the hook-shaped notch of the slot plate 57, as shown in Figure 6 and As shown in Figure 7;
步骤3.3、继续下放该外侧横担50,使外侧横担50以插入杆56为轴向下转动,直至外侧横担50的两根下主材的待连接端与近侧横担54的两根下钢管的外端待连接部位对应连接,同时外侧横担50的两根上主材52的待连接端与近侧横担54的两根上钢管55的外端待连接部位也对应连接,如图8至图10所示,然后外侧横担50和近侧横担54通过螺栓连接固定。Step 3.3, continue to lower the outer cross arm 50, and make the outer cross arm 50 rotate downward with the insertion rod 56 as the axis, until the two ends to be connected of the two lower main materials of the outer cross arm 50 and the two ends of the proximal cross arm 54 The parts to be connected at the outer ends of the lower steel pipes are correspondingly connected, and at the same time, the parts to be connected at the outer ends of the two upper main materials 52 of the outer cross arm 50 and the outer ends of the two upper steel pipes 55 of the proximal cross arm 54 are also connected correspondingly, as shown in Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 10 , the outer cross arm 50 and the proximal cross arm 54 are fixed by bolt connection.
步骤3.4、按上述步骤3.1至步骤3.3重复多次,直至完成外侧横担50的组装工作。Step 3.4, repeat steps 3.1 to 3.3 for several times until the assembly of the outer cross arm 50 is completed.
下面介绍一种直升机组立特高压输电铁塔时使用的吊具,该吊具为步骤1中使用的吊具30,即该直升机通过吊具30吊装所述塔腿,该吊具30包括从上向下依次连接的筋板31、扁担架32和多个手拉葫芦33,当然,该直升机可以通过该吊具30吊装塔身段和外侧横担50。The following introduces a kind of spreader used when a helicopter assembles an ultra-high voltage transmission tower. The spreader is the spreader 30 used in step 1, that is, the helicopter lifts the tower leg through the spreader 30. The ribs 31, the shoulder stretcher 32 and a plurality of chain hoists 33 connected in sequence downwards, of course, the helicopter can hoist the tower body section and the outer cross arm 50 through the spreader 30 .
在本实施例中,筋板31上设有两个吊环螺栓34,吊环螺栓34的环形头部朝上。筋板31呈圆环形。沿筋板31的周向,在筋板31的内圆和外圆之间设有多个通孔,该通孔的轴线与筋板31的轴线平行。吊环螺栓34通过该通孔与筋板31连接固定。在筋板31的表面上,相邻的两个该通孔之间设有一个加强板,该加强板沿筋板31的径向设置。筋板31的外径约为1000mm,筋板31的内径约为840mm,筋板31的重量约为100kg,筋板31的作用为防止扭转。In this embodiment, two eyebolts 34 are provided on the rib 31 , and the ring heads of the eyebolts 34 face upward. Rib 31 is circular. Along the circumferential direction of the rib plate 31 , a plurality of through holes are provided between the inner circle and the outer circle of the rib plate 31 , and the axes of the through holes are parallel to the axis of the rib plate 31 . The eyebolt 34 is connected and fixed with the rib plate 31 through the through hole. On the surface of the rib 31 , a reinforcing plate is arranged between two adjacent through holes, and the reinforcing plate is arranged along the radial direction of the rib 31 . The outer diameter of the rib plate 31 is about 1000mm, the inner diameter of the rib plate 31 is about 840mm, and the weight of the rib plate 31 is about 100kg. The effect of the rib plate 31 is to prevent torsion.
在本实施例中,筋板31和扁担架32之间通过四根拉线35连接。筋板31通过两根吊绳与直升机连接,拉线35的额定载荷为80kN~120kN。扁担架32呈矩形,扁担架32由四根横梁和两根斜梁连接而成,扁担架32的下部连接有四个手拉葫芦33,手拉葫芦33的额定载荷为25kN~40kN。扁担架32通过手拉葫芦33与被吊件连接。In this embodiment, the ribs 31 and the pole 32 are connected by four stay wires 35 . The rib 31 is connected to the helicopter through two slings, and the rated load of the stay wire 35 is 80kN-120kN. The shoulder stretcher 32 is rectangular, and the shoulder stretcher 32 is formed by connecting four beams and two oblique beams. The lower part of the shoulder stretcher 32 is connected with four chain hoists 33, and the rated load of the chain hoists 33 is 25kN~40kN. The shoulder stretcher 32 is connected with the suspended part through a chain hoist 33 .
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施例,不能以其限定发明实施的范围,所以其等同组件的置换,或依本发明专利保护范围所作的等同变化与修饰,都应仍属于本专利涵盖的范畴。另外,本发明中的技术特征与技术特征之间、技术特征与技术方案之间、技术方案与技术方案之间均可以自由组合使用。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot limit the scope of the invention, so the replacement of its equivalent components, or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent protection scope of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of this patent. category. In addition, the technical features and technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions and technical solutions in the present invention can be used in free combination.
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| CN114059835A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 国网河南省电力公司新密市供电公司 | Guiding assembly for helicopter assembled power transmission line iron tower and using method |
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