CN105453774B - Naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection arranges device - Google Patents
Naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection arranges device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453774B CN105453774B CN201510956970.3A CN201510956970A CN105453774B CN 105453774 B CN105453774 B CN 105453774B CN 201510956970 A CN201510956970 A CN 201510956970A CN 105453774 B CN105453774 B CN 105453774B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/10—Devices for adjusting the seed-box ; Regulation of machines for depositing quantities at intervals
- A01C7/102—Regulating or controlling the seed rate
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row's device, including blower fan, pressure regulator valve, support frame, for kind of a device, plant case, discharging tube, pressure inlet, distributor, seed spout, defeated kind of bend pipe, feeding device, double disk opener and for being speed change gear for kind of device regulation rotating speed and transmission power etc..The present invention can simultaneously complete the sowing of 8 rows, and convenient dress plants, changes and plant and unload kind, has simplified transmission system and complete machine structure, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop seeding equipment technical field, specially a kind of naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row device.
Background technology
Sowing is the key link of agricultural production, the importance of " seven points of kinds, three are in charge of " visible seeding quality, seeding quality
Quality of emerging, seedling stage growing way, water and fertilizer utilization, yield and productivity effect etc. are significantly affected, seeder is to determine seeding quality
Technical support.Feed mechanism for seed or metering system are the core work parts of seeder, and monomer-type seeding uses the cloth of " a device a line "
Office's mode, is primarily present whole machine and transmission system is complicated, relatively costly and the handling cumbersome problem of seed；Centralized seeding is used
The seeding mode of " a device multirow " is mainly more using a set of seeding part, a kind case and a unified defeated kind of system realization
Row is sowed, and has the advantages that complete machine structure and transmission system are simplified, convenient to concentrate dress kind, change and plant and unload kind, high working efficiency, behaviour
Make convenient；Using modularized design, part is maintained easily and changed, improve operating efficiency.Pneumatic transmission formula collection row's device is using for kind of a dress
Put it is quantitative for kind, distributor evenly distribute embark on journey, the mode that seed spout long-distance sand transport buries complete sowing, be capable of achieving wide cut,
At a high speed, efficiently sowing, meets the planting requirement of modern agriculture.
Rape, wheat are the important oil plant of China and cereal crops, and winter planting crop is mainly in the Yangtze river basin.Rape
Implantation time is late September to mid-October, and the wheat planting time is late October and early or mid November, and its sowing time is more adjacent
Closely；, including stubble-cleaning, rotary tillage, sowing, fertilising, trench digging and operation etc. earthing, it sows operation phase for rape, wheat cultivation simultaneously
Seemingly.Can realize that rape, the sowing of wheat dual-purpose can improve equipment and utilize, reduce idle equipment, reduction production cost and improve life
Produce benefit.Simultaneously because agronomy plantation rape, wheat cultivation amount difference are big, rape mu application rate is 150~250g, and wheat mu is broadcast
The amount of kind is 5.0~20.0kg；Rape seed epidermis is thin and oil content is high, and cracky significantly affects seeding quality.Existing air-flow
Formula feed mechanism for seed is applicable to the big particle diameter seed such as wheat, but is not suitable for the small particle seed precision drilling such as rape, is primarily present
Extruding badly broken, easily generation blocking, each row discharge capacity uniformity and the poor problem of Seeding Uniformity.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned not enough naked oats for providing a kind of different shapes of the seed of adaptation various crop
Dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection arranges device.
The present invention include blower fan 1, pressure regulator valve 2, support frame 4, for kind of device 5, plant case 6, discharging tube 7, pressure inlet 8, distribution
Device 9, seed spout 10, defeated kind of bend pipe 11, feeding device 12, double disk opener 13 and for turn for the regulation of kind of device 5
The speed change gear 3 of speed and transmission power, one end of the pressure regulator valve 2 is connected with the outlet of blower fan 1, the other end of the pressure regulator valve 2
One end with feeding device 12 is connected, and the other end of the feeding device 12 is with one end of seed spout 10 by the defeated kind of phase of bend pipe 11
Even, the other end of the seed spout 10 is connected with one end of pressure inlet 8, the other end and the phase of distributor 9 of the pressure inlet 8
Even, one end of the discharging tube 7 is connected with distributor 9, and the other end of the discharging tube 7 is connected with double disk opener 13,
Described kind of case 6 is arranged on and supplies on kind of device 5, described for kind of the lower end of a device 5 connection feeding device 12, the speed change gear 3 and a confession
Device 5 is planted to be arranged on support frame 4.
The speed change gear 3 is including speed adjusting lever 31, for kind of a device drive sprocket 32, for kind of a device power transmission shaft 33, speed change
Device gear housing 34, input power axle 35 and input sprocket 36, the speed adjusting lever 31 are arranged at speed change gear gear housing
On 34, the input sprocket 36 is connected with input power axle 35, described for kind of device power transmission shaft 33 and for kind of a device drive sprocket
32 connections, the input power axle 35 and a confession kind device power transmission shaft 33 are connected by speed change gear gear housing 34.
The input sprocket 36 is identical with rotation direction with for kind of the number of teeth of device drive sprocket 32, the input sprocket 36
It is 0.5~2.0 with kind of a gear range for device drive sprocket 32 is supplied.
Support frame as described above 4 includes speed change gear installing plate 41, support beam 42, is adjusted for kind of a device installing plate 43, for kind of device
Section oval groove 44 and installation site regulating tank 45, the speed change gear installing plate 41 and a confession kind device installing plate 43 are welded on branch
On support beam 42, the two ends of the support beam 42 are provided with installation site regulating tank 45, described to be provided with confession for kind of a device installing plate 43
Plant device regulation oval groove 44.
It is described to include for kind of a crust of the device 52 for kind of device 5, unload kind of plate 58 and for kind of a mouth 59, it is described for kind of a crust of the device 52
Side be provided with kind of a layer regulation thumbscrew 51, for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53 and stir kind of a device drive sprocket 54, it is described for kind filling
The opposite side for putting shell 52 is provided with kind of a layer adjustable plate 55, stirs kind of device 56 and a skewed slot cone column confession kind mechanism 57, the kind layer
Regulation thumbscrew 51 is used to adjust kind of a position for layer adjustable plate 55, described to be used to drive skewed slot to bore column for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53
Rotated for kind of mechanism 57, it is described stir kind of device drive sprocket 54 and stir kind of device 56 for drive rotate, it is described for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel
53 are connected with for kind of a device drive sprocket 32, and described drive for kind of a device drive sprocket 32 rotates for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53, institute
State to be driven for kind of a mechanism sprocket wheel 53 and stir kind of a device drive sprocket 54 and rotate, described one end for kind of mouth 59 is arranged at skewed slot cone column
It is described to be communicated for kind of a mechanism 57 with skewed slot cone column for kind of mouth 59 for the lower section of kind of mechanism 57, the other end for kind of mouth 59
It is connected with feeding device 12, it is described to be communicated with feeding device 12 for kind of a mouth 59.
The tube wall undulate of the pressure inlet 8.
The distributor 9 includes seed spout road 91, distributor housing 92, distributor cover plate 98 and distribution discharging tube
94, one end and the bottom of distributor housing 92 in the seed spout road 91 connect, and the distributor cover plate 98 is arranged on
The top of distributor housing 92, the distributor cover plate 98, between seed spout road 91 and distributor housing 92 forms one
The cavity 96 of individual insertion, is evenly distributed with multiple distribution discharging tubes 94, the distribution on the lateral wall of distributor housing 92
One end of discharging tube 94 connects with cavity 96.
The feeding device 12 includes air flow inlet 12a, feeding device base plate 12b, seed entrance 12c, dilute gas-particle flow
Mixing chamber 12d and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e, the air flow inlet 12a are connected with the other end of pressure regulator valve 2, the feed
Device 12 is connected by feeding device base plate 12b with for kind of a crust of the device 52, and the dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d is arranged at kind
The underface of sub- entrance 12c, the air flow inlet 12a and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e is connected by dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d
Connect, the seed entrance 12c is connected with for kind of a mouth 59.
The air flow inlet 12a, dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e are collectively forming literary mound
In pipe structure type.
The double disk opener 13 includes U-shaped card 13a, fixed seat 13b and double-arc spline 13c, and the double-arc spline 13c is fixed
On fixed seat 13b, be fixed on fixed seat 13b in seeder support beam by the U-shaped card 13a.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention quantitatively unloads kind of a mouth using a kind case, one for kind of a device, a distributor and one, can be simultaneously
The sowing of 8 rows is completed, convenient dress plants, changes and plant and unload kind, has simplified transmission system and complete machine structure, easy to operate.
2nd, the skewed slot cone column that the present invention is used can realize that the various crop such as rape, wheat seed, can for kind for kind of a mechanism
Application rate is adjusted by arrangements for speed regulation, it is big for kind of amount adjustable range, to shape of the seed low, the highly versatile of requirement, it is possible to decrease production
Cost.
3rd, the present invention uses modularized design, is integrally connected by screw bolts, simple structure, convenient regulation, installation, dismounting,
Reliable operation.
4th, working link of the invention be for kind, mix, convey, distribute and charge seed link, kind is sent using air-flow, not by width
Limitation to distance of charging seed wide, air-flow send to plant and reduces seed breakage rate and seed clogging.
5th, kind of subflow is converted into radial motion and groove by distributor of the invention using conical device by being axially moved
Using streamlined structure, each row discharge capacity uniformity and Seeding Uniformity are improve.
6th, it is of the invention for kind of device for kind of amount adjustable range big, rotating speed wide adaptation range, defeated kind apart from unrestricted,
It is low to shape of the seed requirement, it is adaptable to which that the various crop such as rape, wheat is sowed, and suitable for the essence amount under the conditions of high speed, wide cut
For planting, equipment utilization rate and operating efficiency are improve, reduce production cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is Zheng Ji mechanisms front view schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the side structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the side structure complete section schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is feeding device structural representation.
Fig. 6 is support frame structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the overall structure diagram of distributor.
Fig. 8 is the overall structure profile of distributor.
Fig. 9 is the overlooking the structure diagram of Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is distributor body diagram.
Figure 11 is distributor cover plate schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
Embodiment：Naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection of the present invention arranges device, including blower fan 1, pressure regulator valve 2, speed change gear 3, support
Frame 4, for kind of device 5, plant case 6, discharging tube 7, pressure inlet 8, distributor 9, seed spout 10, defeated kind of bend pipe 11, feeding device 12
With double disk opener 13, one end of the pressure regulator valve 2 is connected with the outlet of blower fan 1, the other end and the feed dress of the pressure regulator valve 2
The one end for putting 12 is connected, so as to adjust the air quantity of output.The other end of the feeding device 12 passes through with one end of seed spout 10
Defeated kind of bend pipe 11 is connected, and the other end of the seed spout 10 is connected with one end of pressure inlet 8, the other end of the pressure inlet 8 and
Distributor 9 is connected, and one end of the discharging tube 7 is connected with distributor 9, and the other end and the double-arc spline of the discharging tube 7 are opened
Ditch device 13 is connected, and described kind of case 6 is arranged on on kind of device 5, described for kind of the lower end of a device 5 connection feeding device 12, the change
Speed variator 3 and confession kind device 5 are arranged on support frame 4.The speed change gear 3 is to transmit power and regulation rotating speed for kind of device 5,
The blower fan 1 provides air-flow source, the regulation air quantity of the pressure regulator valve 2 for naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row's device；The described kind of energy of case 6
About 20kg seeds are accommodated, described kind of case 6 is bolted with described for kind of a device 5.
The speed change gear 3 is including speed adjusting lever 31, for kind of a device drive sprocket 32, for kind of a device power transmission shaft 33, speed change
Device gear housing 34, input power axle 35 and input sprocket 36, the speed adjusting lever 31 are arranged at speed change gear gear housing
On 34, the input sprocket 36 is connected with input power axle 35, described for kind of device power transmission shaft 33 and for kind of a device drive sprocket
32 connections, the input power axle 35 and a confession kind device power transmission shaft 33 are connected by speed change gear gear housing 34, the input
Sprocket wheel 36 receives the power from land wheel transmission, and the speed adjusting lever 31 realizes the gear engagement in speed change gear gear housing 34,
Impart power to for kind of a device power transmission shaft 33, power is delivered separately to input power axle 35, speed change by the input sprocket 36
Gear in device gear housing 34, for kind of device power transmission shaft 33 and for kind of a device drive sprocket 32.The He of the input sprocket 36
It is identical with rotation direction for kind of the number of teeth of device drive sprocket 32, a biography for the input sprocket 36 and confession kind device drive sprocket 32
Dynamic is 0.5~2.0 than scope.
Support frame as described above 4 includes speed change gear installing plate 41, support beam 42, is adjusted for kind of a device installing plate 43, for kind of device
Section oval groove 44 and installation site regulating tank 45, the speed change gear installing plate 41 and a confession kind device installing plate 43 are welded on branch
On support beam 42, so as to the speed change gear 3 and the confession kind device 5 are fixed in the support beam 42.The support beam 42
Two ends be provided with installation site regulating tank 45, can facilitate and support frame 4 is fixed on seeder, realize modularization install.Institute
State and be provided with for kind of a device regulation oval groove 44 for kind of a device installing plate 43, can adjust the position for kind of device 5, be conducive to
It is rapidly assembled and disassembled.
It is described to include for kind of a crust of the device 52 for kind of device 5, unload kind of plate 58 and for kind of a mouth 59, it is described for kind of a crust of the device 52
Side be provided with kind of a layer regulation thumbscrew 51, for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53 and stir kind of a device drive sprocket 54, it is described for kind filling
The opposite side for putting shell 52 is provided with kind of a layer adjustable plate 55, stirs kind of device 56 and a skewed slot cone column confession kind mechanism 57, the kind layer
Regulation thumbscrew 51 is used to adjust kind of a position for layer adjustable plate 55, described to be used to drive skewed slot to bore column for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53
Rotated for kind of mechanism 57, it is described stir kind of device drive sprocket 54 and stir kind of device 56 for drive rotate, it is described for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel
53 are connected with for kind of a device drive sprocket 32, and described drive for kind of a device drive sprocket 32 rotates for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53, institute
State to be driven for kind of a mechanism sprocket wheel 53 and stir kind of a device drive sprocket 54 and rotate, described one end for kind of mouth 59 is arranged at skewed slot cone column
It is described to be communicated for kind of a mechanism 57 with skewed slot cone column for kind of mouth 59 for the lower section of kind of mechanism 57, the other end for kind of mouth 59
It is connected with feeding device 12, described to be communicated with feeding device 12 for kind of a mouth 59, seed is by skewed slot cone column for kind of a machine
Structure 57 enters in kind of mouth 59 after supplying to plant.The kind layer adjustable plate 55, stir kind of device 56 and skewed slot cone column is equal for kind of mechanism 57
Installed in described in kind of crust of the device 52；The skewed slot cone column is entered for kind of a mechanism 57 using staggered cone column helical teeth
Luggage kind, is conducive to improving seed pack completeness and realizes essence amount capsule kind；Column is bored for kind of mechanism 57 by adjusting the skewed slot
Taper hole wheel quantity can be adjusted for kind of an amount, realize rape, wheat on a large scale for kind of an amount regulation.The kind layer regulation thumbscrew 51
The adjustable position for planting layer adjustable plate 55, so as to adjust kind of a thickness degree.
The tube wall undulate of the pressure inlet 8, the waveform tube wall of formation helps to reduce seed flow velocity degree, reduces seed
The active force of the distributor 9 is clashed into, so as to more evenly distribute.
The feeding device 12 includes air flow inlet 12a, feeding device base plate 12b, seed entrance 12c, dilute gas-particle flow
Mixing chamber 12d and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e, the air flow inlet 12a are connected with the other end of pressure regulator valve 2, the feed
By feeding device base plate 12b with for kind of the attachment means of crust of the device 52, the dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d is set device 12
In the underface of seed entrance 12c, the air flow inlet 12a and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e are by dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber
12d is connected, and the seed entrance 12c is connected with for kind of a mouth 59.Seed is by skewed slot cone column for kind of mechanism 57 for planting
Enter the seed entrance 12c afterwards；Seed and air flow contacts in the dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d, high velocity air will be planted
Son is blown into the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e.The air flow inlet 12a, dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber 12d and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid
Delivery outlet 12e is collectively forming the structure type of Venturi tube.
The double disk opener 13 includes U-shaped card 13a, fixed seat 13b and double-arc spline 13c, and the double-arc spline 13c is fixed
On fixed seat 13b, be fixed on fixed seat 13b in seeder support beam by the U-shaped card 13a, so that the fixation double-arc spline
The position of plough 13.
Wherein, the distributor 9 includes seed spout road 91, distributor housing 92, distributor cover plate 98 and distribution
Discharging tube 94, one end and the bottom of distributor housing 92 in the seed spout road 91 connect, the distributor cover plate 98
Installed in the top of distributor housing 92, the distributor cover plate 98, between seed spout road 91 and distributor housing 92
A cavity for insertion 96 is formed, multiple distribution discharging tubes 94, institute are evenly distributed with the lateral wall of distributor housing 92
The one end for stating distribution discharging tube 94 connects with cavity 96.
The distributor housing 92 includes inclining shell wall 921, boss 922, groove 923 and vertical shell wall 925, institute
State vertical shell wall 925 to be connected with one end of distribution discharging tube 94, the vertical shell wall 925 is arranged at inclination shell wall 921
Top, the groove 923 and boss 922 be arranged alternately on the inwall for inclining shell wall 921, one end of the groove 923
One end with distribution discharging tube 94 is connected, and the other end of the groove 923 is connected with the one end in seed spout road 91.Outside the inclination
The angle of inclination beta of shell wall 921 is 110 °, is that groove 923 provides support.The groove 923 is processed according to groove center line 99, described
Groove center line 99 is streamlined.The two ends of the groove center line 99 are respectively A ends 991 and B ends 992, the diameter of A ends 991
It is 25mm, a diameter of 16mm in the B ends 992.The groove 923 is along the circumferential processing of the groove center line 99, the A ends 991
It is more than the cavity at the B ends 992 with diameter greater than the cavity that the diameter of B ends 992, i.e. seed stream enter at the A ends 991,
So that the cavity of the groove 923 forms the small feature of entrance large outlet, kind of subflow is conducive to accelerate to pass through.The seed spout road
91 other end outer wall is provided with 25mm screw threads 911 long, convenient to be mounted and dismounted with miscellaneous part.The distributor cover plate 98
Lower surface be provided with the conical surface 981, between the distributor cover plate 98 and distributor housing 92 pass through thumbscrew 93, lug
982 are connected with connection through hole 924.The cone angle of the conical surface 981 is 120 °.The distribution discharging tube 94 includes discharging tube A
941st, discharging tube B 942 and seeding passage 97, a diameter of 16mm of the seeding passage 97, the external diameter of the discharging tube A941 is
The external diameter of 20mm, the discharging tube B 942 is 19.6mm.The discharging tube A 941 is in ladder with the outer surfaces of discharging tube B 942
, there is gap in shape, facilitate seed spout to install and dismounting when making installation seed spout using stair-stepping discharging tube.
The defeated kind of passage 95 that the seed spout road 91 is formed is to a conveying kind subflow in distributor housing 92.The seed spout
Road 91 is the entrance that formula distributor is sent in the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid that the gentle stream of seed is formed into the exhaust of naked oats dual-purpose type collection.Plant subflow
Seeding passage 97 is flowed into through cavity 96, so as to seed stream be dispensed.
The quantity of the groove 923 is 8, and be evenly distributed state, is arranged alternately with boss 922.The groove center line B
The outlet at end 992 is connected with distribution discharging tube 94.The conical surface 981 coordinates with boss 922, forms one and only remains groove 923
Cavity 96, the excessively described groove 923 of seed circulation is transported to distribution seed spout from seed spout road.Plant subflow is in defeated kind of passage 95
Axial movement straight up, radial motion is converted into cavity 96 in the presence of the conical surface 981 by axial movement, due to
The structure of groove 923 and size all same, pressure differential are also identical, so that planting subflow is evenly distributed to each distribution discharging tube 94
In, so as to realize that continuous uniform is distributed.
Subflow is planted to be formed into the distributor housing 92 and the distributor cover plate 98 from the defeated kind of passage 95
Cavity 96 in, for kind of a subflow provides space constraint；Subflow is planted under the taper conical surface 981 effect even into the groove
923 and seeding passage 97 in.It is of the invention to be required according to sowing breadth only by taking 8 row seedings as an example, can be according to the groove center
Line 99 is processed as groove 923 described in 12 or 18 identicals and the distribution discharging tube 94 in the distributor housing 92, i.e.,
12 rows or the sowing of 18 rows are capable of achieving, sowing breadth and operating efficiency is improved.
The blower fan 1 and pressure regulator valve 2 be connected, supply blast air-flow；The pressure regulator valve 2 connects with the air flow inlet 12a
Connect, there is provided high-speed pneumatic.It is described to form chain drive system, the speed change with for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53 for kind of device drive sprocket 32
Device 3 imparts power to described for kind of a device 5, and stirs kind of device 56 described in driving and rotates.Described kind of case 6 is arranged on the confession
The top of device 5 is planted, the bottom for kind of crust of the device 52 is attached with the feeding device base plate 12b, by the skewed slot
In the seed input seed entrance 12c that cone column is supplied to plant after mechanism 57 charges seed, the high velocity air of the air flow inlet 12a will
The seed fallen down from seed entrance 12c is blown into the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e.The Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e with
Defeated kind of bend pipe 11, seed spout 10 and pressure inlet 8 are connected, and seed and air-flow Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid are transported into the feeding device 12
In, be transported to kind of a subflow in distributor 9 by the feeding device 12, and kind of a subflow is evenly distributed to row by the distributor 9
Pipe 7 is planted, the discharging tube 7 is charged seed seed in the kind ditch opened to the double disk opener 13, and completes earthing.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows：According to agriculture requirement, kind of the position of layer adjustable plate 55 and skewed slot cone column are regulated
For kind of mechanism 57 and the gear by speed adjusting lever 31, while regulating pressure regulator valve 2 controls air quantity, seed is added to kind of case 6.
Blower fan 1 is opened, air-flow is provided by pressure regulator valve 2 and air flow inlet 12a.The input sprocket 36 receives the power of land wheel transmission,
Input sprocket 36 is imparted power to for kind of a device drive sprocket 32, for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel 53, and the skewed slot cone column is for kind of a machine
Structure 57 starts to rotate, while drive stir the synchronous axial system of kind of device 56, the skewed slot cone column is completed to fill kind, takes kind for kind of mechanism 57
Seed is thrown into the seed entrance 12c with for kind of a process, the high velocity air that the air flow inlet 12a is provided will enter from seed
The seed that mouth 12c falls down blows into the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet 12e, completes Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid mixed process；Seed circulation mistake
Defeated kind of bend pipe 11, seed spout 10 are transported to pressure inlet 8, and the pressure inlet 8 enters distributor 9 after making kind of subflow deceleration supercharging
In, in entering the groove 94 under the distributor cover plate 91 effect, completion evenly distributes the process of embarking on journey, afterwards into described
In distributor seeding branch pipe 92, seed is flowed into discharging tube 7.The double disk opener 13 is under the traction of seeder
Kind of a ditch is outputed, the seed stream of the discharging tube 7 enters in kind of ditch, and double disk opener 13 has function of covering soil, to after planting
Seed carries out earthing；8 discharging tube 7 once completes the sowing of 8 rows.After the completion of sowing, blower fan 1 is closed, opening unloads kind of plate 58 can be by
Unnecessary seed is removed.The workflow of the centralized seed quantitative device is：Regulation kind layer regulation Board position, speed adjusting lever and pressure regulation
Valve --- dress kind --- --- skewed slot cone column for kind of mechanism and is stirred kind of device and rotated --- for kind --- seed of opening blower fan and
Air-flow mixes, and --- conveying kind subflow --- distributes --- charging seed --- trench digging earthing of embarking on journey.
Present invention work specific implementation effect：Naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row device solved by the invention realizes that naked oats is simultaneous
With variable for kind, overcome rapeseed machinery seeding cracky and naked oats application rate difference causes greatly versatility and Seeding Uniformity
Poor technological deficiency.The naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula integrates row's device and is arranged on 2BFQ-6 Combined rape precision direct seeders as on platform,
Traction power is Dongfanghong-LX854, and subjects are rape seed China oil miscellaneous 62 and wheat seed Zheng wheat 9023.Use seed packet
The seed of the discharge of discharging tube 7 is collected, each treatment is repeated 6 times, and takes its average value.Investigate naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row's device
Supply to plant the seed-metering performances under rate conditions different, as a result as shown in table 1；Field sowing experiment is carried out, different plantations is obtained close
The quality of emerging of degree is as shown in table 2：
Table 1 is for different for planting speed to rape, the influence of wheat seed-metering performance
Table 2 is rape, the quality of emerging of wheat difference planting density
Table 1 shows, different for planting under rate conditions, the total displacement stability coefficient of variation and each row are arranged during seeding rape
The amount uniformity coefficient of variation is respectively lower than 0.8% and 4.5%, occurs without disrepair phenomenon.Total displacement stability becomes during seeding wheat
Different coefficient and each row discharge capacity uniformity coefficient of variation are respectively lower than 1.2% and 5.5%, and breakage rate is less than 0.15%.Rape and small
Wheat larger for there is seed-metering performance higher in kind of speed excursion, rape, the pavement test of wheat seed-metering performance it is equal
The standard of GB/T9478-2005 " grain dill test method " can be met, can realize that rape, wheat are different under kind of speed
Uniform seeding, adapts to rape and Wheat wide and at a high speed the sowing requirement of essence amount.
Table 2 shows, under different planting densities, unit area seedling number scope of the rape under the conditions of dense planting and thin planting is
45~56 plants/m2, its coefficient of variation is less than 16%；Spacing in the rows average value is respectively 54mm and 67mm, the spacing in the rows uniformity coefficient of variation
Less than 25%.The dense planting and thin planting number of plants per unit area for sowing wheat are 250 plants/m2With 132 plants/m2, its coefficient of variation is less than
10%；Its spacing in the rows scope is 17~34mm, and the spacing in the rows uniformity coefficient of variation is less than 30%, meets agronomy planting requirement, and
Even property preferably, is emerged neat, is that good population structure and acquisition yield higher are laid a good foundation.Show the naked oats dual-purpose type
Pneumatic transmission formula collection row's device can realize rape and small malt extract amount, quantity-variation type seeding, and adapt to high-speed broad-width sowing.The naked oats dual-purpose type gas
Sowing link, feeding device are well mixed and distributor evenly distributes rows of structure and implementation to send formula collection row's device to reduce
Effect has obvious novelty and significant advantage.
Distributor realizes that the crop seeds such as rape, wheat supply to be evenly distributed under kind of speed different, overcomes distribution not
It is uniform to be applicable because of the defect of material characteristic difference poor universality.The examination of formula distributor is sent in naked oats dual-purpose type collection exhaust
Test object respectively rape seed China oil miscellaneous 62 and wheat seed Zheng wheat 9023.Investigating naked oats dual-purpose type collection exhaust send formula to distribute
Device is being 400~1600pa and the different seed-metering performances under kind of rate conditions in blast, as a result as shown in Table 3 and Table 4：
Table 3 is blast to rape, the influence of wheat seed-metering performance
Table 4 is for different for planting speed to rape, the influence of wheat seed-metering performance
Table 3 shows, when rape is respectively 114g/min for kind of speed, under the conditions of blast is 400~1600pa, and total row
The amount stability coefficient of variation is below 1%, and it is in what is reduced and tend to be steady that each row discharge capacity uniformity coefficient of variation increases with blast
Trend, it is minimum in 800pa, up to 3.66%；Do not occur disrepair phenomenon in experiment.For planting speed for 450g/min during wheat seeding
When, under the conditions of blast is 400~1600pa, each row discharge capacity uniformity coefficient of variation is relatively low in 1200pa and 1600pa,
Less than 4.10%；Breakage rate is less than 0.1%.
The result of table 4 shows, under the conditions of blower fan air pressure is 800pa, during seeding rape the total displacement stability coefficient of variation and
Each row discharge capacity uniformity coefficient of variation is respectively lower than 1.0% and 5.5%, occurs without disrepair phenomenon.It is 1200pa in blower fan air pressure
Under the conditions of, the total displacement stability coefficient of variation and each row discharge capacity uniformity coefficient of variation are respectively lower than 1.1% He during seeding wheat
4.5%, breakage rate is less than 0.1%.Rape, the seed-metering performance of wheat can meet GB/T 9478-2005, and " grain dill is tried
The standard of proved recipe method ", can realize that rape, wheat are different for uniform seeding under kind of speed, and required blower fan air pressure is smaller, can fit
Answer rape and Wheat wide and at a high speed the sowing requirement of essence amount.The streamlined recessed of formula distributor is sent in naked oats dual-purpose type collection exhaust
Slot structure, the kind subflow direction change of the conical surface and implementation result have obvious novelty and significant advantage.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection row device, including blower fan (1), pressure regulator valve (2), support frame (4), for kind of a device (5),
Kind of case (6), discharging tube (7), pressure inlet (8), distributor (9), seed spout (10), defeated kind of bend pipe (11), feeding device (12),
Double disk opener (13) and for being the speed change gear (3) for kind of a device (5) regulation rotating speed and transmission power, its feature exists
In：One end of the pressure regulator valve (2) is connected with blower fan (1) outlet, the other end and the feeding device (12) of the pressure regulator valve (2)
One end is connected, and the other end of the feeding device (12) is connected with one end of seed spout (10) by defeated kind of bend pipe (11), described
The other end of seed spout (10) is connected with one end of pressure inlet (8), the other end and distributor (9) phase of the pressure inlet (8)
Even, one end of the discharging tube (7) is connected with distributor (9), the other end and double disk opener of the discharging tube (7)
(13) it is connected, described kind of case (6) is described to connect feeding device (12) for kind of device (5) lower end on for kind of device (5),
The speed change gear (3) and confession kind device (5) are on support frame (4)；The speed change gear (3) is including speed adjusting lever
(31), for kind of a device drive sprocket (32), for kind of a device power transmission shaft (33), speed change gear gear housing (34), input power axle
(35) and input sprocket (36), the speed adjusting lever (31) is arranged on speed change gear gear housing (34), the input sprocket
(36) it is connected with input power axle (35), it is described for kind of device power transmission shaft (33) and for kind of device drive sprocket (32) connection, institute
State input power axle (35) and connected by speed change gear gear housing (34) for kind of device power transmission shaft (33)；The input sprocket
(36) it is identical with rotation direction with the number of teeth for kind of device drive sprocket (32), the input sprocket (36) with for kind of a device transmission
The gear range of sprocket wheel (32) is 0.5~2.0；Support frame as described above (4) includes speed change gear installing plate (41), support beam
(42) oval groove (44) and installation site regulating tank (45), the change quick-mounting, for kind of a device installing plate (43), for kind of device are adjusted
Put installing plate (41) and be welded in support beam (42) for kind of device installing plate (43), the two ends of the support beam (42) are provided with
Installation site regulating tank (45), described being provided with for kind of device installing plate (43) adjusts oval groove (44) for kind of device.
2. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 1 arranges device, it is characterised in that：It is described to be wrapped for kind of a device (5)
Include for kind of a crust of the device (52), unload kind of a plate (58) and for kind of a mouth (59), it is described that kind of a side for crust of the device (52) is provided with kind
Layer regulation thumbscrew (51), for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel (53) and kind of a device drive sprocket (54) is stirred, it is described for a kind crust of the device
(52) opposite side is provided with kind of a layer adjustable plate (55), stirs kind of a device (56) and a skewed slot cone column confession kind mechanism (57), the kind
Layer regulation thumbscrew (51) is described for planting mechanism's sprocket wheel (53) for driving tiltedly for adjusting kind of a position for layer adjustable plate (55)
Groove is bored column and is rotated for kind of a mechanism (57), and kind of the device drive sprocket (54) that stirs stirs kind of a device (56) rotation, institute for driving
State and be connected with for kind of device drive sprocket (32) for kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel (53), described drive for kind of device drive sprocket (32) supplies
Mechanism's sprocket wheel (53) is planted to rotate, it is described to supply kind of mechanism's sprocket wheel (53) drive to stir kind of device drive sprocket (54) rotation, it is described for planting
One end of mouth (59) is arranged at skewed slot cone column for kind of a lower section for mechanism (57), described to supply to plant mouth (59) with skewed slot cone column for planting
Mechanism (57) communicates, described to be connected with feeding device (12) for kind of an other end for mouth (59), described for kind of mouth (59) and a feed
Device (12) is communicated.
3. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 1 arranges device, it is characterised in that：Pressure inlet (8) tube wall
Undulate.
4. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 1 arranges device, it is characterised in that：Distributor (9) bag
Include seed spout road (91), distributor housing (92), distributor cover plate (98) and distribution discharging tube (94), the seed spout road
(91) one end connects with the bottom of distributor housing (92), and the distributor cover plate (98) is installed in distributor shell
Body (92) top, the distributor cover plate (98), formation one between seed spout road (91) and distributor housing (92)
The cavity (96) of insertion, is evenly distributed with multiple distribution discharging tube (94) on distributor housing (92) lateral wall, described
One end of distribution discharging tube (94) connects with cavity (96).
5. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 4 arranges device, it is characterised in that：Feeding device (12) bag
Include air flow inlet (12a), feeding device base plate (12b), seed entrance (12c), dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber (12d) and gas-solid two
Delivery outlet (12e) is mutually flowed, the air flow inlet (12a) is connected with the other end of pressure regulator valve (2), and the feeding device (12) passes through
Feeding device base plate (12b) is connected with for kind of a crust of the device (52), and the dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber (12d) is arranged at seed and enters
The underface of mouth (12c), the air flow inlet (12a) and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet (12e) are by dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber
(12d) is connected, and the seed entrance (12c) is connected with for kind of a mouth (59).
6. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 5 arranges device, it is characterised in that：The air flow inlet (12a),
Dilute gas-particle flow mixing chamber (12d) and Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid delivery outlet (12e) are collectively forming the structure type of Venturi tube.
7. naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection according to claim 1 arranges device, it is characterised in that：The double disk opener
(13) including U-shaped card (13a), fixed seat (13b) and double-arc spline (13c), the double-arc spline (13c) is fixed on fixed seat (13b)
On, be fixed on fixed seat (13b) in seeder support beam by the U-shaped card (13a).
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| CN201510956970.3A CN105453774B (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Naked oats dual-purpose type pneumatic transmission formula collection arranges device |
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| CN105453774B true CN105453774B (en) | 2017-06-16 |
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| CN106034496B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-11-09 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of integrated arranging rice precise direct-seeding device |
| CN106508207B (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-11-06 | 华中农业大学 | The outer seed filling type essence quantity set of aspiration arranges device |
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| CN108184397A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-22 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of granular chemical fertilizer transverse direction Pneumatic type distributor |
| CN108337960B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2024-04-12 | 华中农业大学 | Wheel type precision collecting and discharging device for wheat and oil |
| CN109168455A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-11 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of rape rice dual-purpose type cavitation concentration dispenser |
| EP3879952A1 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2021-09-22 | Kinze Manufacturing, Inc. | Air entrainment device, systems, methods, and apparatus |
| CN109566017B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Alfalfa pneumatic conveying type collecting and discharging device |
| CN109937651A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-28 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of precision direct sowing machine for rape suitable for hills area heavy soil |
| CN111165129A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-19 | 中国农业大学 | Air-conveying type high-speed corn precision seed supply device |
| CN112889419A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-04 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Multi-crop self-adaptive seed conveying and uniform seed distributing device |
| CN114467417B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-11-21 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Wheat pneumatic seed sowing test device and test method |
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| US8336469B2 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2012-12-25 | Agco Corporation | Fertilizer transfer chamber for metering device |
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| CN104798507A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-07-29 | 山东农业大学 | Air-assisted rice broadcast sower |
| CN204616331U (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-09 | 山东农业大学 | Wind spraying aid type rice seed broadcaster |
| CN205336817U (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-06-29 | 华中农业大学 | Ware is arranged to naked oats dual -purpose pneumatic transmission formula collection |
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